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{{Short description|Intergovernmental political and economic forum}}
{{Redirect|Group of Six|the unofficial European group|G6 (EU)|other uses|G7 (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect|Group of Seven|the Canadian group of artists|Group of Seven (artists)|other uses|Group of Seven (disambiguation)}}
{{For|the Wikipedia speedy deletion policy|WP:G7}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox organization
| name                     = G7
| full_name                = Group of Seven
| native_name              = {{unbulleted list |{{langx|fr|Groupe des sept}} |{{langx|de|Gruppe der Sieben}} |{{langx|it|Gruppo dei Sette}} |{{langx|ja|主要国首脳会議|Shuyōkoku Shunōkaigi}} }}
| image                    = P20240613AS-0546.jpg
| image_size               = 245
| alt                      = 
| caption                  = G7 leaders attend a working session at the 2024 Italian G7 Summit in Borgo Egnazia ([[Fasano]]) in [[Apulia]], Italy
| logo                     = 
| logo_size                = 784
| logo_alt                 = 
| logo_caption             = Logo of the 2021 [[47th G7 summit]]
| map                      = Group of Seven (G7) Countries.svg
| map_size                 = 280
| map_alt                  = 
| map_caption              = The G7-states (blue) and the EU (teal)
----
'''Member states and key leaders:'''
----{{Infobox | subbox = yes
| labelstyle = padding-right:1em;text-align:left
| datastyle = text-align:left
| label1 = {{flag|Canada}}
| data1  = [[Mark Carney]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
| label2 = {{flag|France}}
| data2  = [[Emmanuel Macron]],<br/>[[President of France|President]]
| label3 = {{flag|Germany}}
| data3  = [[Friedrich Merz]],<br/>[[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]
| label4 = {{flag|Italy}}
| data4  = [[Giorgia Meloni]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
| label5 = {{flag|Japan}}
| data5  = [[Shigeru Ishiba]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
| label6 = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| data6  = [[Keir Starmer]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
| label7 = {{flag|United States}}
| data7  = [[Donald Trump]],<br/>[[President of the United States|President]]
| label8 = {{flag|European Union}}
| data8  = {{plainlist|
* [[António Costa]],<br/>[[President of the European Council|Council President]]
* [[Ursula von der Leyen]],<br/>{{nowrap|[[President of the European Commission|Commission President]]}}
}}
}}<hr>
| founding_location        = {{plainlist|
* [[Washington, D.C.]] (Library Group)
* [[Rambouillet]] (1st G6 summit)
}}
| abbreviation             = 
| predecessor              = 
| formation                = {{ubl|{{Start date and age|25 March 1973|df=y|p=y|br=y}} |(Library Group)| {{Start date and age|15 November 1975|df=y|p=y|br=y}}| ([[1st G6 summit]])}}
| founder                  = {{collapsible list|title = Library Group: 
| {{flagicon|US}} [[George Shultz]]
| {{flagicon|FRG}} [[Helmut Schmidt]]
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}} [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Anthony Barber]]
}}
{{collapsible list|title=1st G6 summit:
| {{flagicon|US}} [[Gerald Ford]]
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}} [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]
| {{flagicon|FRG}} [[Helmut Schmidt]]
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Aldo Moro]]
| {{flagicon|JPN|1947}} [[Takeo Miki]]
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Harold Wilson]]
}}
| type                     = Intergovernmental organisation
| purpose                  = Political and economic forum
| fields                   = 
| membership               = 
| membership_year          = 
| website                  = 
| funding                  = 
| formerly                 = {{hlist|
| Library Group
| Group of Six (G6)
| [[Group of Eight]] (G8) [[Group of Eight#Russia's participation suspension (2014)|(reversion)]]
}}
}}

The '''Group of Seven''' ('''G7''') is an [[Intergovernmentalism|intergovernmental]] political and economic forum consisting of [[Canada]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]]; additionally, the [[European Union]] (EU) is a "non-enumerated member". It is organized around shared values of [[Cultural pluralism|pluralism]], [[liberal democracy]], and [[Representative democracy|representative government]].<ref name="What is the G7">{{Cite web|title=What is the G7?|url=https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/|access-date=12 June 2021|website=G7 UK Presidency 2021|language=en-GB|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225102211/https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=14&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=156,158,132,112,134,111,136&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org|access-date=13 June 2018|archive-date=7 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407165829/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=14&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=156,158,132,112,134,111,136&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a=|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=October 2017|title=World Economic Outlook Database|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=119&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies+%2f+Major+advanced+economies+(G7)|publisher=International Monetary Fund. imf.org|at=Major Advanced Economies (G7)|access-date=28 February 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144138/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=119&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies+%2f+Major+advanced+economies+(G7)|url-status=live}}</ref> G7 members are major [[Developed country#IMF advanced economies|IMF advanced economies]].

Originating from an ''ad hoc'' gathering of [[finance minister]]s in 1973, the G7 has since become a formal, high-profile venue for discussing and coordinating solutions to major [[list of global issues|global issues]], especially in the areas of trade, security, economics, and [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Paul LeBlanc|title=What is the G7, and what power does it hold?|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/11/politics/g7-summit-explainer/index.html|access-date=12 June 2021|website=CNN|date=11 June 2021|archive-date=1 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101201013/https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/11/politics/g7-summit-explainer/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Each member's [[head of government]] or [[head of state|state]], along with the EU's [[President of the European Commission|Commission president]] and [[President of the European Council|European Council president]], meet annually at the G7 Summit; other high-ranking officials of the G7 and the EU meet throughout the year. Representatives of other states and international organizations are often invited as guests, with [[Russia]] having been a formal member (as part of the [[G8]]) from 1997 until its expulsion in 2014.

The G7 is not based on a treaty and has no permanent secretariat or office. It is organized through a presidency that rotates annually among the member states, with the presiding state setting the group's priorities and hosting the summit; Canada presides for 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canada's 2025 G7 Presidency |url=https://g7.canada.ca/en/ |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=g7.canada.ca |language=en}}</ref> While lacking a legal or institutional basis, the G7 is widely considered to wield significant international influence;<ref name="Shear">{{Cite news|last=Shear|first=Michael D.|date=11 June 2021|title=G7 News: A Return to Face-to-Face Diplomacy|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/06/11/world/g7-summit|access-date=12 June 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124053912/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/06/11/world/g7-summit|url-status=live}}</ref> it has catalyzed or spearheaded several major global initiatives, including efforts to combat the [[HIV/AIDS pandemic]], provide financial aid to developing countries, and [[climate change mitigation|address climate change]] through the 2015 [[Paris Agreement]].<ref name="Shear"/><ref name="What is the G7"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=What are the G7 and the G8?|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/what_is_g8.html|access-date=12 June 2021|website=www.g8.utoronto.ca|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055741/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/what_is_g8.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, the group has been criticized by observers for its allegedly outdated and limited membership, narrow global representation, and ineffectualness.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=Sam |title='The selfie summit': Why some economists and activists are disappointed with the G-7 |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/14/g-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html |access-date=9 November 2022 |website=CNBC |date=14 June 2021 |language=en |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109192345/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/14/g-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Where Is the G7 Headed? |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/where-g7-headed |access-date=9 November 2022 |website=Council on Foreign Relations |language=en |archive-date=18 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718145403/https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/where-g7-headed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G-7 Communique Wide-Ranging, But Critics Find Shortcomings |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings/6206982.html |access-date=9 November 2022 |website=VOA |date=13 June 2021 |language=en |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109192346/https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings/6206982.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The rise of [[BRICS|BRICS+]] for example, with its expanded membership and focus on [[South–South cooperation|South-South cooperation]], reflects a broader shift in global power dynamics, with [[Emerging market|emerging economies]] gaining greater influence in [[International relations|international affairs]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=An Evolving BRICS and the Shifting World Order |url=https://www.bcg.com/publications/2024/brics-enlargement-and-shifting-world-order |access-date=2 January 2025 |website=BCG Global |language=en}}</ref>

The G7 countries have together a population of about 780 million people (or almost 10% of the [[world population]]), comprise around 50% of worldwide nominal [[Net worth|net wealth]] and as of 2024 more than 44% of world nominal [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] and about 30% of world GDP by [[purchasing power parity]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=G-7: Share of World's GDP by country |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1370614/g7-country-gdp-share-world/ |access-date=12 August 2024 |language=en }}</ref><ref name="b990">{{cite web | title=BRICS vs G7 GDP as a share of world total 2024 | website=Statista | date=12 April 2024 | url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1412425/gdp-ppp-share-world-gdp-g7-brics/ | access-date=18 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.investopedia.com/insights/worlds-top-economies/ | title=The Top 25 Economies in the World }}</ref>

==History==
=== Origins ===
The concept of a forum for the capitalist world's major [[industrialized countries]] emerged before the [[1973 oil crisis]]. On 25 March 1973, the [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|United States secretary of the treasury]], [[George Shultz]], convened an informal gathering of [[finance ministers]] from West Germany ([[Helmut Schmidt]]), France ([[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]), and the United Kingdom ([[Anthony Barber]]) before an upcoming meeting in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]. United States president [[Richard M. Nixon|Richard Nixon]] offered the [[White House]] as a venue, and the meeting was subsequently held in [[White House Library|its library]] on the ground floor;<ref name="Schultz">Shultz, George P. (1993). ''Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State'' (Scribner's) p. 148. {{ISBN|0-684-19325-6}}.</ref> the original group of four consequently became known as the "Library Group".<ref>Bayne, Nicholas; Putnam, Robert D. (2000). ''Hanging in There''. Ashgate Pub Ltd. 230 pages. {{ISBN|075461185X}}. p.&nbsp;20.</ref> In mid-1973, at the Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, Shultz proposed the addition of Japan, which all members accepted.<ref name="Schultz"/> The informal gathering of senior financial officials from the United States, United Kingdom, [[West Germany]], Japan, and France became known as the "Group of Five".<ref>Farnsworth, Clyde H. (8 May 1977). "A Secret Society of Finance Ministers", ''New York Times''.</ref>

In 1974, all five members endured sudden and often troubled changes in leadership. French president [[Georges Pompidou]] abruptly died, leading to a [[1974 French presidential election|fresh presidential election]] that was closely won by [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]. West German chancellor [[Willy Brandt]], American president [[Richard Nixon]], and Japanese prime minister [[Kakuei Tanaka]] all resigned due to scandals. In the United Kingdom, a [[February 1974 United Kingdom general election|hung election]] led to a minority government whose subsequent instability prompted [[October 1974 United Kingdom general election|another election the same year]]. Consequently, Nixon's successor, [[Gerald Ford]], proposed a retreat the following year for the group's new leaders to learn about one another.

=== First summit and expansion ===
[[File:Photograph of President Gerald R. Ford Meeting with Foreign Heads of State in the Salle des Marbres in the Chateau de Rambouillet at the International Economic Summit Conference in Rambouillet, France - NARA - 7518995.jpg|thumb|left|[[1st G6 summit|First G6 summit]] at the [[Château de Rambouillet]] in November 1975]]
At the initiative of [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing|Giscard d'Estaing]] and his German counterpart, [[Helmut Schmidt]], France hosted [[1st G6 summit|a three-day summit in November 1975]], inviting the Group of Five plus Italy, forming the "Group of Six" (G6).<ref>{{Cite web|title=G7 summit {{!}} The history of the G7|url=https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|access-date=13 June 2021|website=www.g7germany.de|archive-date=7 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607115725/https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|url-status=live}}</ref> Taking place at the [[Château de Rambouillet]], the meeting focused on several major economic issues, including the oil crisis, the collapse of the [[Bretton Woods system]], and the [[1973-1975 recession|ongoing global recession]].<ref name="evian">{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1|title=Evian summit – Questions about the G8|publisher=Ministère des Affaires étrangères, Paris|access-date=18 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420120547/http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1|archive-date=20 April 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The result was the 15-point "Declaration of Rambouillet", which, among other positions, announced the group's united commitment to promoting free trade, multilateralism, cooperation with the developing world, and rapprochement with the Eastern Bloc.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MOFA: Rambouillet Summit – Declaration of Rambouillet|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/01/e01_a.html#:~:text=DECLARATION%20OF%20RAMBOUILLET%20November%2017,%201975%20The%20heads,November%201975,%20and%20agreed%20to%20declare%20as%20follows:|access-date=13 June 2021|website=www.mofa.go.jp|archive-date=12 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612040121/https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/01/e01_a.html#:~:text=DECLARATION%20OF%20RAMBOUILLET%20November%2017,%201975%20The%20heads,November%201975,%20and%20agreed%20to%20declare%20as%20follows:|url-status=live}}</ref> The members also established plans for future gatherings to take place regularly every year.

In 1976, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson, who had participated in the first G6 summit, resigned from office; Schmidt and [[Gerald Ford|Ford]] believed the group needed an English speaker with more political experience, and advocated for inviting [[Pierre Trudeau]], who had been Prime Minister of Canada for eight years{{snd}}significantly longer than any G6 leader. Canada was also the next largest advanced economy after the G6 members.<ref>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/g8-the-most-exclusive-club-in-the-world-feature/ The Canadian Encyclopedia – Canada and the G8] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115154121/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/g8-the-most-exclusive-club-in-the-world-feature/ |date=15 January 2018 }} ''G8: The Most Exclusive Club in the World'', Thomas S. Axworthy, ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', Historica Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Undated. Retrieved 23 July 2015.</ref> The summit in Dorado, Puerto Rico later that year became the first of the current Group of Seven (G7).<ref name="evian" />

In 1977, the United Kingdom, which hosted that year's summit, invited the [[European Economic Community]] to join all G7 summits; beginning in 1981, it has attended every gathering through the [[president of the European Commission]] and the leader of the country holding the [[presidency of the Council of the European Union]].<ref name=deljpn20060717>{{cite web|url=http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php |title=EU and the G8 |access-date=17 July 2006 |publisher=European Union |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226041143/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php |archive-date=26 December 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since 2009, the then-newly established position of the [[President of the European Council]], who serves as the Union's principal foreign representative, also regularly attends the summits.

=== Rising profile ===
[[File:G7 flags, Toronto.jpg|thumb|right|Flags of G7 members as seen on [[University Avenue (Toronto)|University Avenue]], [[Toronto]] (September 2016)]]
Until the 1985 [[Plaza Accord]], meetings between the seven governments' finance ministers were not public knowledge. The Accord, which involved only the original Group of Five, was announced the day before it was finalized, with a communiqué issued afterward.<ref>{{cite book|author=Schaefer, Robert K|chapter=Dollar Devaluations|title=Understanding Globalization: The Social Consequences of Political, Economic, and Environmental Change|year=2005|publisher=Rowman and Littlefield|page=346}}</ref> The 1980s also marked the G7's expanded concerns beyond macroeconomic issues, namely with respect to international security and conflict; for example, it sought to address the ongoing conflicts between Iran and Iraq and between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan.

Following [[20th G7 summit|the 1994 summit in Naples]], Russian officials held separate meetings with leaders of the G7. This informal arrangement was dubbed the "Political 8" (P8), colloquially the G7+1. At the invitation of the G7 leaders, Russian President [[Boris Yeltsin]] was invited first as a guest observer, and later as a full participant. After the 1997 meeting, Russia was formally invited to the next meeting and formally joined the group in 1998, resulting in the [[Group of Eight]] (G8).<ref name="evian" /> Russia was an outlier in the group, as it lacked the [[national wealth]] and financial weight of other members,  and at the time was not an established liberal democracy.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx|title=Select Country or Country Groups|website=www.imf.org|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022143402/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5 |title=Global Wealth Databook 2016 |date=November 2016 |work=Research Institute |publisher=Credit Suisse |access-date=9 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921085716/http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5 |archive-date=21 September 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its invitation, made during a [[Russian economy|difficult transition to a post-communist economy]], is believed to have been motivated by a desire to encourage its political and economic reforms and international engagement.

Russia's membership was suspended in March 2014 in response to its [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation of Crimea]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Smale |first1=Alison |last2=Shear |first2=Michael D. |date=24 March 2014 |title=Russia Is Ousted From Group of 8 by U.S. and Allies |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=11 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211015934/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CNN.com2">{{cite news |date=24 March 2014 |title=U.S., other powers kick Russia out of G8 |publisher=CNN.com |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=25 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325001401/http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=24 March 2014 |title=Russia suspended from G8 over annexation of Crimea, Group of Seven nations says |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/03/24/there-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says/ |access-date=21 December 2015 |work=National Post |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307000838/http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/03/24/there-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Members stopped short of permanently ejecting the country,<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2014 |title=Ukraine crisis: Russia is scathing about its G8 suspension |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614165514/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and in subsequent years expressed an openness or express desire to reinstate Russian participation. In January 2017, Russia announced it would permanently leave the G8, which came into effect June 2018.<ref name="russia-suspension2">{{Cite web |date=13 January 2017 |title=Russia just quit the G8 for good |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/russia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html |website=The Independent |access-date=11 June 2018 |archive-date=4 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904014814/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/russia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=9 June 2018 |title=Russia brushes off possibility of G-8 return |newspaper=The Straits Times |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return |access-date=11 June 2018 |archive-date=25 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725040430/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2020, U.S. President [[Donald Trump]], backed by Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, advocated for Russia's return; all other members rejected the proposal, and Russia expressed no interest.

== Renewed calls for expanded membership ==
There have been various proposals to expand the G7. The U.S.-based Atlantic Council has held the [[D-10 Strategy Forum]] since 2014 with representatives from what it calls "leading democracies" which support a "rules-based democratic order", consisting of all members of the G7 (including the [[European Union]]) plus [[Australia]] and [[South Korea]]. Several democratic countries{{snd}}including [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Poland]], and [[Spain]]{{snd}} participate as observers.<ref name="auto1" /> Centered around a similar mandate as the G7, the D-10 has been considered by some analysts to be an alternative to the group;<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Forget the G-7 – Biden needs a D-10 to rally the democracies|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/forget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies/ar-AAKWD4i|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.msn.com|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040227/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/forget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies/ar-AAKWD4i|url-status=live}}</ref> This is also favored by various [[think tank]]s and former [[Boris Johnson|British leader Boris Johnson]].<ref name="auto1">{{cite web | url = https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/scowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security/global-strategy-initiative/democratic-order-initiative/d-10-strategy-forum/ | title = D-10 Strategy Forum | publisher = Atlantic Council | language =  | access-date = 4 June 2021 | archive-date = 26 March 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230326183115/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/scowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security/global-strategy-initiative/democratic-order-initiative/d-10-strategy-forum/ | url-status = live }}</ref>

In 2019 under [[Vladimir Putin|Putin]], [[Russia]] had signaled support for the inclusion of [[China]], India, and [[Turkey]] if the G7 had reinstated Russian membership.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia suggests Turkey to be part of G7 |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320 |access-date=20 December 2021 |work=[[Hürriyet Daily News]] |date=5 September 2019 |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122445/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2020 under [[Donald Trump|Trump]], the U.S. had signaled support for the inclusion of Australia, [[Brazil]], India, and South Korea, plus the reincorporation of Russia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Donald Trump postpones G7 summit and signals wider invitation list |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/donald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=31 May 2020 |language=en |archive-date=31 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531012802/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/donald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/spoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro/1853175|title = Spoke with Trump about entry into expanded G7: Bolsonaro|work = [[The Outlook (Gresham)|The Outlook]]|access-date = 2 June 2020|archive-date = 31 October 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211031133940/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/spoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro/1853175|url-status = live}}</ref> The leaders of the other six G7 members unanimously rejected this proposal.<ref>{{cite news |title=G7 leaders reject Russia's return after Trump summit invite |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52885178 |work=[[BBC]] |date=2 June 2020 |access-date=6 June 2023 |archive-date=27 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527154813/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52885178 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Also in November 2020, [[Jared Cohen]] and [[Richard Fontaine]], writing in ''[[Foreign Affairs]]'', suggested that the G7 might be expanded to a "T-12" of "Techno Democracies". Earlier, in June of that same year, the [[Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence]] (GPAI) was announced. Something of a spin-out of the G7, founded by members Canada and France, GPAI's initial membership was 15, including both the EU and India, as well as Australia, Mexico, New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia, and the Republic of Korea.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Might of G7 |url=https://thedailyguardian.com/the-might-of-g7/ |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=TheDailyGuardian |date=14 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

Boris Johnson invited representatives of Australia and the Republic of Korea to the June 2021 G7 summit.<ref name=":0" /> India was also invited to the 2021 summit, with an aim to "deepen the expertise and experience around the table" along with the other guests, according to a U.K. government statement.<ref name="Ellyatt">{{Cite web|last=Ellyatt|first=Holly|date=10 June 2021|title=G-7 summit: Here's a quick guide to everything you need to know|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/the-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html|access-date=15 June 2021|website=CNBC|language=en|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615035915/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/the-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2021, French jurist and consultant Eric Gardner de Béville, a member of the ''Cercle Montesquieu'', proposed Spain's membership to the G7.<ref>{{cite news |title=L'Espagne peut-elle intégrer le G7 |url=https://www.challenges.fr/tribunes/l-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386 |date=2 March 2021 |work=[[Challenges (magazine)|Challenges]] |language=fr |access-date=29 May 2021 |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302143429/https://www.challenges.fr/tribunes/l-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386 |url-status=live }}</ref> American Chargé d'Affaires in Spain, Conrad Tribble, stated that the United States "enthusiastically supports" a "greater" role of Spanish leadership at the international level.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html | title=Estados Unidos "apoya con entusiasmo" un "mayor" liderazgo de España a nivel internacional | date=25 February 2021 | work=[[Europa Press (news agency)|Europa Press]] | language=es | access-date=30 June 2021 | archive-date=9 July 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182048/https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

In April 2022, Germany confirmed it would be inviting India,<ref>{{Cite web |title=India invited by Germany for G7 summit in June |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657 |access-date=21 April 2022 |website=WION |date=13 April 2022 |language=en |archive-date=24 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424184101/https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657 |url-status=live }}</ref> against rumours to the contrary.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-12/germany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance |title=Germany Weighs Snubbing India as G-7 Guest Over Russia Stance |work=Bloomberg |last1=Nardelli |first1=Alberto |last2=Nienaber |first2=Michael |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022 |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421063119/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-12/germany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chaudhury |first=Dipanjan Roy |title=Germany isn't considering India's exclusion from G-7 guest list: Source |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/germany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source/articleshow/90833144.cms |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421103714/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/germany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source/articleshow/90833144.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>{{update after|2022}}<!-- was India actually invited? if so, a better/later source and changing the prose to clarify that would be in order -->

In March 2023, Japan's prime minister [[Fumio Kishida]] invited South Korea, Australia, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Vietnam, the [[Comoros]] ([[African Union]] president from February 2023 to February 2024), the [[Cook Islands]] ([[Pacific Islands Forum]] president from February 2021 to May 2024) and [[Ukraine]] to the [[49th G7 summit|49th summit]] hosted in [[Hiroshima]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2023 |title=Japan and South Korea eye package to resolve wartime labor row and other issues |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/03/05/national/politics-diplomacy/south-korea-japan-package-agreement/ |access-date=5 March 2023 |website=[[The Japan Times]] |language=en-US |archive-date=5 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305055829/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/03/05/national/politics-diplomacy/south-korea-japan-package-agreement/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=19 February 2023 |title=Japan Eyes Inviting Australia, India to G-7 Summit, NHK Says |language=en |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-19/japan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says |access-date=5 March 2023 |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122445/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-19/japan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Japan eyes inviting India, Indonesia to G-7 summit in 2023 |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/12/a2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html |access-date=5 March 2023 |website=Kyodo News |archive-date=5 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305055819/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/12/a2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 May 2023 |title=G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=7 June 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230607220646/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Japan-Ukraine Summit Meeting |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/erp/c_see/ua/page4e_001361.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan |language=en |archive-date=22 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322133005/https://www.mofa.go.jp/erp/c_see/ua/page4e_001361.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2023 |title=We need global leadership of democracy - President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's speech at the session of the G7 Summit and Ukraine |url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/nam-potribne-globalne-liderstvo-demokratiyi-vistup-prezident-83053 |website=[[Office of the President of Ukraine]]}}</ref>

[[Ron Klain|Ronald A. Klain]] writing for the [[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|Carnegie Endowment]], proposed creating the G9 by adding [[South Korea]] and [[Australia]] due to the Eurocentrism of the current alliance and rising challenges posed by China in Asia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 November 2023 |title=It's Time for the G9 |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2023/11/its-time-for-the-g9?lang=en |work=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]}}</ref>

In March 2025, [[Prime Minister of Canada]] [[Mark Carney]] invited [[President of Ukraine]] [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] to attend the [[51st G7 summit]] in [[Kananaskis Improvement District|Kananaskis, Alberta]], followed by invitations for [[Prime Minister of Australia]] [[Anthony Albanese]] to attend in May and [[Prime Minister of India]] [[Narendra Modi]] to attend in June.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.rte.ie/news/world/2025/0317/1502524-canada-g7/ | title=Canada PM Carney invites Zelensky to G7 summit in June | website=[[RTÉ.ie]] | date=17 March 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pm.gov.au/media/press-conference-canberra-23/ |title=Press conference - Canberra |website=pm.gov.au |date=5 May 2025 |access-date=24 May 2025}}</ref>

==Activities and initiatives==
{{Location map+ |Europe |width=400 |float=right|caption=Host venues of G7 summits in Europe|places=
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=48.643868|long=1.829079|label_size=80|label= [[1st G6 summit|1st]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=51.507351|long=-0.127758|label_size=80|label= [[3rd G7 summit|3rd]], [[10th G7 summit|10th]], [[17th G7 summit|17th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=50.737430|long=7.098207|label_size=80|label= [[4th G7 summit|4th]], [[11th G7 summit|11th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=45.440847|long=12.315515|label_size=80|label= [[6th G7 summit|6th]], [[13th G7 summit|13th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=48.804865|long=2.120355|label_size=80|label= [[8th G7 summit|8th]]|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 s.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=48.856614|long=2.352222|label_size=80|label= [[15th G7 summit|15th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=48.135125|long=11.581981|label_size=80|label= [[18th G7 summit|18th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=40.8518|long=14.2681|label_size=80|label= [[20th G7 summit|20th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=45.764043|long=4.835659|label_size=80|label= [[22nd G7 summit|22nd]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=52.486243|long=-1.890401|label_size=80|label= [[24th G8 summit|24th]]|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=50.937531|long=6.960279|label_size=80|label= [[25th G8 summit|25th]]|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 s.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=44.405650|long=8.946256|label_size=80|label= [[27th G8 summit|27th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=46.401488|long=6.590949|label_size=80|label= [[29th G8 summit|29th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=56.262051|long=-3.725752|label_size=80|label= [[31st G8 summit|31st]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=59.853611|long=30.059722|label_size=80|label= [[32nd G8 summit|32nd]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=54.140810|long=11.840055|label_size=80|label= [[33rd G8 summit|33rd]]|position=bottom|mark=Arrows 12x12 n.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=42.349848|long=13.399509|label_size=80|label= [[35th G8 summit|35th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=49.353976|long=0.075122|label_size=80|label= [[37th G8 summit|37th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=54.479063|long=-7.795287|label_size=80|label= [[39th G8 summit|39th]]|position=bottom|mark=Arrows 12x12 n.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=50.850340|long=4.351710|label_size=80|label= [[40th G7 summit|40th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=47.459711|long=11.180518|label_size=80|label= [[41st G7 summit|41st]], [[48th G7 summit|48th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=37.852222|long=15.291944|label_size=80|label= [[43rd G7 summit|43rd]]'|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=43.4817|long=-1.55611111111|label_size=80|label= [[45th G7 summit|45th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=50.19659|long=-5.46505|label_size=80|label= [[47th G7 summit|47th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=40.7928|long=17.1012|label_size=80|label= [[50th G7 summit|50th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
}}
The G7 was founded primarily to facilitate shared macroeconomic initiatives in response to contemporary economic problems; the first gathering was centered around the [[Nixon shock]], the [[1970s energy crisis]], and the ensuing global recession.<ref name=Bayne>{{Citation|publisher = Routledge|isbn = 9780415164863|ol = 7484858M|chapter = International economic organizations : more policy making less autonomy|title = Autonomous Policymaking By International Organizations (Routledge/Ecpr Studies in European Political Science, 5)| last  = Bayne| first = Nicholas| editor1-last = Reinalda| editor1-first = Bob| editor2-last = Verbeek| editor2-first = Bertjan|date = 1998|oclc = 70763323|id = 0415164869}}</ref> Since 1975, the group has met annually at summits organized and hosted by whichever country occupies the annually-rotating presidency;<ref name="g7germany.de">{{Cite web|title=G7 summit {{!}} The history of the G7|url=https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.g7germany.de|archive-date=7 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607115725/https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|url-status=live}}</ref> since 1987, the G7 Finance Ministers have met at least semi-annually, and up to four times a year at stand-alone meetings.<ref name="meet">{{cite web|title=G7/8 Ministerial Meetings and Documents|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/meetings.html|work=G8 Information Centre|publisher=University of Toronto|access-date=14 March 2014|year=2014|archive-date=16 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216035833/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/meetings.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Beginning in the 1980s, the G7 broadened its areas of concern to include issues of international security, human rights, and global security; for example, during this period, the G7 concerned itself with the ongoing [[Iran–Iraq War|Iran-Iraq War]] and [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet occupation of Afghanistan]].<ref name="g7germany.de"/> In the 1990s, it launched a debt-relief program for the 42 [[heavily indebted poor countries]] (HIPC);<ref>{{cite web|title=Debt Relief Under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative;Perspectives on the Current Framework and Options for Change|url=http://www.imf.org/external/np/hipc/options/|author=International Money Fund|publisher=IMF.org|access-date=25 March 2014|archive-date=21 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024943/https://www.imf.org/external/np/hipc/options/|url-status=live}}</ref> provided $300 million to help build the [[Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus|Shelter Structure]] over [[Chernobyl disaster|the damaged reactor at Chernobyl]];<ref>{{cite news|url=https://time.com/5255663/chernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary/|title=The True Cost of the Chernobyl Disaster Has Been Greater Than It Seems|date=26 April 2018|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=22 February 2019|archive-date=7 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107051853/https://time.com/5255663/chernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary/|url-status=live}}</ref> and established the [[Financial Stability Forum]] to help in "managing the international monetary system".<ref name="Van" />

{{location map+ |North America |float=right|width=400 |caption=Host venues of G7 summits in North America|places=
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=18.458835|long=-66.267668|label_size=80|label= [[2nd G7 summit|2nd]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=45.651949|long=-74.940872|label_size=80|label= [[7th G7 summit|7th]]|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=37.270702|long=-76.707457|label_size=80|label= [[9th G7 summit|9th]]|position=bottom|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=43.653226|long=-79.383184|label_size=80|label= [[14th G7 summit|14th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=29.760427|long=-95.369803|label_size=80|label= [[16th G7 summit|16th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=44.648862|long=-63.575320|label_size=80|label= [[21st G7 summit|21st]]|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=39.739236|long=-104.990251|label_size=80|label= [[23rd G8 summit|23rd]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=51.075562|long=-115.130786|label_size=80|label= [[28th G8 summit|28th]], [[51st G7 summit|51st]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=31.201728|long=-81.331690|label_size=80|label= [[30th G8 summit|30th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=45.326932|long=-79.216754|label_size=80|label= [[36th G8 summit|36th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=39.647537|long=-77.465895|label_size=80|label= [[38th G8 summit|38th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=47.654|long=-70.15268|label_size=80|label= [[44th G7 summit|44th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
}}

At the turn of the 21st century, the G7 began emphasizing engagement with the developing world. At the 1999 summit, the group helped launch the [[G20]], a similar forum made up of the G7 and the next 13 largest economies (including the European Union), in order to "promote dialogue between major industrial and emerging market countries";<ref name="Van">{{cite web|last=Van Houtven|first=Leo|title=Rethinking IMF Governance|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/vanhoutv.pdf|work=Finance & Development|publisher=International Money Fund|access-date=25 March 2014|page=18|date=September 2004|archive-date=12 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412082104/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/vanhoutv.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> the G20 has been touted by some of its members as a replacement for the G7.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Officials: G-20 to supplant G-8 as international economic council|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/24/us.g.twenty.summit/index.html|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.cnn.com|archive-date=6 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106233009/http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/24/us.g.twenty.summit/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Having previously announced a plan to cancel 90% of bilateral debt for the HIPC, totaling $100 billion, in 2005 the G7 announced debt reductions of "up to 100%" to be negotiated on a "case by case" basis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4238045.stm|title=G7 backs Africa debt relief plan|date=5 February 2005|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=10 November 2017|archive-date=21 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4238045.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

After the [[2008 financial crisis]],  the G7 met twice in Washington, D.C. in 2008 and in Rome in February 2009.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.france24.com/en/20090214-g7-nations-vow-avoid-protectionism-rome-talks- | title=G7 nations vow to avoid protectionism at Rome talks | work=[[France24]] | date=14 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2008/10/10/news/economy/g7/ | title=All eyes on G-7 to address global financial crisis |date=10 October 2008 | work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=15 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040228/https://money.cnn.com/2008/10/10/news/economy/g7/|url-status=live}}</ref> G7 finance ministers pledged to take "all necessary steps" to stem the crisis,<ref name="O'Grady">{{cite news |last1=O'Grady |first1=Sean |title=G7 pledges action to save banks |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/g7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html|access-date=7 June 2017|work=The Independent |date=11 October 2008|archive-date=10 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810104231/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/g7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html|url-status=live}}</ref> devising an "aggressive action plan" that included providing publicly funded capital infusions to banks in danger of failing.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 October 2008|title=G7 agrees global rescue plan|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/11/banking-globaleconomy|access-date=15 June 2021|website=The Guardian|language=en|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040235/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/11/banking-globaleconomy|url-status=live}}</ref> Some analysts criticized the group for seemingly advocating that individual governments develop individual responses to the recession, rather than cohere around a united effort.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geopolitical Diary: The G7's Response to the Financial Crisis |url=https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis |date=16 February 2009 |access-date=15 June 2021 |website=[[Stratfor]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323151334/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis |archive-date=23 March 2021}}</ref>

{{location map+ |Japan |width=400 |float=right|caption=Host venues of G7 summits in Japan|places=
{{location map~ |Japan |lat=35.689487|long=139.691706|label_size=80|label= [[5th G7 summit|5th]], [[12th G7 summit|12th]], [[19th G7 summit|19th]]|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=26.591546|long=127.977316|label_size=80|label= [[26th G8 summit|26th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=42.551269|long=140.764098|label_size=80|label= [[34th G8 summit|34th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=34.328159|long=136.829691|label_size=80|label= [[42nd G7 summit|42nd]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=34.391389|long=132.451944|label_size=80|label= [[49th G7 summit|49th]]|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
}}

In subsequent years, the G7 has faced several geopolitical challenges that have led some international analysts to question its credibility,<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The G7 Tests|url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/g7-tests|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.csis.org|date=27 May 2021|language=en|last1=Goodman|first1=Matthew P.|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040242/https://www.csis.org/analysis/g7-tests|url-status=live}}</ref> or propose its replacement by the G20.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 July 2014|title=From the G8 to the G7: Russia's (New?) Role in Nonproliferation|url=https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/from-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation/|access-date=15 June 2021|website=Nuclear Network|language=en-US|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040228/https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/from-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 March 2014, the G7 condemned the Russian Federation for its "violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine" through [[Russo-Ukrainian War|its military intervention.]]<ref name="toro">{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2014sochi/ukraine_140302.html|title=Statement by G7 Nations|work=G8 Info Ctr|publisher=University of Toronto|access-date=10 March 2014|date=2 March 2014|archive-date=21 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024939/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2014sochi/ukraine_140302.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The group also announced its commitment to "mobilize rapid technical assistance to support Ukraine in addressing its macroeconomic, regulatory and anti-corruption challenges", while adding that the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) was best suited to stabilizing the country's finances and economy.<ref name="toro" />

In response to Russia's subsequent [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation]] of [[Crimea]], on 24 March the G7 convened an emergency meeting at the official residence of the [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]], the [[Catshuis]] in [[The Hague]]; this location was chosen because all G7 leaders were already present to attend the [[2014 Nuclear Security Summit]] hosted by the Netherlands. This was the first G7 meeting neither taking place in a member state nor having the host leader participating in the meeting.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/g7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287|title=G7 leaders descend on the Netherlands for Ukraine crisis talks|newspaper=CBC news|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=23 March 2014|access-date=24 March 2014|archive-date=8 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408034216/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/g7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287|url-status=live}}</ref> The upcoming G8 summit in [[Sochi|Sochi, Russia]] was moved to Brussels, where the EU was the host. On 5 June 2014 the G7 condemned Moscow for its "continuing violation" of Ukraine's sovereignty and stated they were prepared to impose further sanctions on Russia.<ref name="bbc201406">{{cite web | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27707518 | title = G7 leaders warn Russia of fresh sanctions over Ukraine | author = BBC | publisher = BBC | date = 5 June 2014 | access-date = 21 July 2018 | archive-date = 23 August 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190823101440/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27707518 | url-status = live }}</ref> This meeting was the first since Russia was suspended from the G8,<ref name="bbc201406" /> and subsequently it has not been involved in any G7 summit.

The G7 has continued to take a strong stance against Russia's "destabilising behaviour and malign activities" in Ukraine and elsewhere around the world, following the joint communique from the June 2021 summit in the U.K.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|agency=Reuters|date=13 June 2021|title=G7 Demand Action From Russia on Cybercrimes and Chemical Weapon Use|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-06-13/g7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use|access-date=15 June 2021|archive-date=15 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040234/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-06-13/g7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use|url-status=live}}</ref> The group also called on Russia to address international cybercrime attacks launched from within its borders, and to investigate the use of chemical weapons on Russian opposition leader [[Alexei Navalny]].<ref name=":1" /> The June 2021 summit also saw the G7 commit to helping the world recover from the [[COVID-19 pandemic|global COVID-19 pandemic]] (including plans to help vaccinate the entire world); encourage further action against climate change and biodiversity loss; and promote "shared values" of pluralism and democracy.<ref name="Ellyatt"/>

In 2022, G7 leaders were invited to attend an [[2022 Brussels extraordinary summit|extraordinary summit of NATO]] called in response to the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite news |title=NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/photos_193850.htm?selectedLocale=en |date=24 March 2022 |language=en |work=[[NATO]] |access-date=25 March 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405034452/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/photos_193850.htm?selectedLocale=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders (revised) |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_193670.htm |date=24 March 2022 |language=en |work=[[NATO]] |access-date=25 March 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405034452/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_193670.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

In April 2024, the G7 countries agreed to close all coal power plants in 2030-2035 unless their greenhouse gases will be captured or the countries will find another way to align their emissions with the 1.5 degree pathway.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dewan |first1=Angela |title=The world's most advanced economies just agreed to end coal use by 2035 – with a catch |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/29/climate/g7-end-coal-fossil-fuels-climate-intl/index.html |access-date=1 May 2024 |agency=CNN |date=30 April 2024 |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122446/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/29/climate/g7-end-coal-fossil-fuels-climate-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ambrose |first1=Jillian |title=G7 agree to end use of unabated coal power plants by 2035 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/g7-agree-to-end-use-of-unabated-coal-power-plants-by-2035 |access-date=1 May 2024 |agency=The Guardian |date=30 April 2024 |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122446/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/g7-agree-to-end-use-of-unabated-coal-power-plants-by-2035 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2019 Amazon rainforest fires and Brazil ===
{{further|45th G7 summit|2019 Brazil wildfires}}
The G7 nations pledged US$20 million to help Brazil and other countries in South America fight the wildfires. This money was welcomed, although it was widely seen as a "relatively small amount" given the scale of the problem. Macron threatened to block a major trade deal between the European Union and Brazil ([[Mercosur]]) that would benefit the agricultural interests accused of driving deforestation. Soon after, Germany and the United Kingdom criticized the threat.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON/| title=Britain joins Germany in criticizing Macron's Mercosur threat| publisher=Thomson Reuters| date=25 August 2019| access-date=30 December 2023| archive-date=22 October 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022220113/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON| url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Summit organization ===
The annual G7 summit is attended by each member's head of government.<ref name="feldman1">{{cite journal |last=Feldman |first=Adam |url=https://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803031809/http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 August 2008 |title=What's Wrong with the G-8 |journal=Forbes |location=New York |date=7 July 2008}}</ref> The member country holding the G7 presidency is responsible for organizing and hosting the year's summit. The serial annual summits can be parsed chronologically in arguably distinct ways, including as the sequence of host countries for the summits has recurred over time and series.<ref>Hajnal, Peter I. (1999). {{Google books|Bi5JO7FFk7UC|''The G8 System and the G20: Evolution, Role and Documentation'', p. 30.|page=30}}</ref> Generally every country hosts the summit once every seven years.<ref>[http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7 G7 Italy 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407164003/http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7/ |date=7 April 2019 }}, Italian official website, 2017</ref>

Besides a main meeting in June or July, a number of other meetings may take place throughout the year; in 2021 for example, seven tracks existed for finance (4–5 June 2021), environmental (20 and 21 May 2021), health (3–4 June 2021), trade (27–28 May 2021), interior (7–9 September 2021) digital and technology (28–29 April 2021), development (3–5 May 2021) and foreign ministers.<ref name="ministers">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Ministerial Meetings & Engagement Groups |url=https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/ |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |language=en-GB |archive-date=10 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210213243/https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

====Friction with the United States====
{{further|Russo-Ukrainian War}}

The [[44th G7 summit|2018 meeting in Charlevoix, Canada]], was marred by fractious negotiations concerning tariffs and Donald Trump's position that Russia should be reinstated to the G7. The Trump administration had just imposed steel and aluminium tariffs on many countries, including European countries that are fellow members of the G7, and Canada, the host country for the 2018 meeting. Trump expressed dismay at Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for holding a press conference in which Canada restated its position on tariffs (a public criticism of Trump's economic policy), and directed his representatives at the meeting not to sign the economic section of the joint communiqué that is typically issued at the conclusion of the meeting.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel described Trump's behaviour as a "depressing withdrawal", while French President Emmanuel Macron invited him "to be serious".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2018/06/10/g7-canada-trump.html|title=G7, Trump non-accetta il documento finale. Merkel: "Ritiro deprimente" – Sky TG24|language=it|access-date=12 June 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612184532/https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2018/06/10/g7-canada-trump.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In the final statement signed by all members except the US, the G7 announced its intention to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures within the next months against the Russian Federation for its failure to completely implement the [[Minsk Agreement]].<ref name="auto" />

====Iran–Israel War====
The G7 countries expressed support for [[Israel]] in the [[Iran–Israel War]]. On 16 June 2025, G7 leaders said in a statement: "We affirm that Israel has a right to defend itself. We reiterate our support for the security of Israel. Iran is the principal source of regional instability and terror."<ref>{{cite news |title=G7 expresses support for Israel, calls Iran source of instability |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/g7-expresses-support-israel-calls-iran-source-instability-2025-06-17/ |work=Reuters |date=17 June 2025}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

==List of summits==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Overview of G7 summits
|-
!scope="col"|#
!scope="col" style="width:10%" | Date
!scope="col" style="width:15%"| Host
!scope="col" style="width:10%"| Host leader
!scope="col" style="width:15%"| Location held
!scope="col"| Notes
|-
! colspan="6" |As the G6
|-
| [[1st G6 summit|1st]] || data-sort-value="1975"|15–17 November 1975 || {{Country|France|1974}} || [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]] || [[Château de Rambouillet]], Yvelines ||The first and only G6 summit.
|-
! colspan="6" |As the G7
|-
| [[2nd G7 summit|2nd]] || data-sort-value="1976"|27–28 June 1976 || {{Country|United States}} || [[Gerald R. Ford]] || [[Dorado, Puerto Rico]]<ref name="shabecoff">Shabecoff, Philip. [https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+presidentn+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p "Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722191206/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+presidentn+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p |date=22 July 2018 }}, ''The New York Times''. 29 June 1976; [http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html Chronology, June 1976.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715203839/http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html |date=15 July 2010 }}</ref> ||Also called "Rambouillet II". Canada joined the group, forming the G7.<ref name="shabecoff" />
|-
| [[3rd G7 summit|3rd]] || data-sort-value="1977"|7–8 May 1977 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} || [[James Callaghan]] || [[London]], England || The [[President of the European Commission]] was invited to [[European Union and the G8|join the annual G7 summits]].
|-
| [[4th G7 summit|4th]] || data-sort-value="1978"|16–17 July 1978 || {{Country|West Germany}} || [[Helmut Schmidt]] ||[[Bonn]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] ||
|-
| [[5th G7 summit|5th]] || data-sort-value="1979"|28–29 June 1979 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} || [[Masayoshi Ōhira]] || [[Tokyo]] ||
|-
| [[6th G7 summit|6th]] || data-sort-value="1980"|22–23 June 1980 || {{Country|Italy}} ||[[Francesco Cossiga]] || [[Venice]], Veneto || Prime Minister Ōhira died in office on 12 June; Foreign Minister Saburō Ōkita led the delegation that represented Japan.
|-
| [[7th G7 summit|7th]] || data-sort-value="1981"|20–21 July 1981 || {{Country|Canada}} || [[Pierre Trudeau]] || [[Montebello, Quebec|Montebello]], [[Québec]] ||
|-
| [[8th G7 summit|8th]] || data-sort-value="1982"|4–6 June 1982 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||[[François Mitterrand]] || [[Versailles (city)|Versailles]], Yvelines ||
|-
| [[9th G7 summit|9th]] || data-sort-value="1983"|28–30 May 1983 || {{Country|United States}} ||[[Ronald Reagan]] || [[Williamsburg, Virginia]] ||
|-
| [[10th G7 summit|10th]] || data-sort-value="1984"|7–9 June 1984 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} || [[Margaret Thatcher]] || [[London]], England ||
|-
| [[11th G7 summit|11th]] || data-sort-value="1985"|2–4 May 1985 || {{Country|West Germany}} ||[[Helmut Kohl]] ||[[Bonn]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] ||
|-
| [[12th G7 summit|12th]] || data-sort-value="1986"|4–6 May 1986 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} ||[[Yasuhiro Nakasone]] || [[Tokyo]] ||
|-
| [[13th G7 summit|13th]] || data-sort-value="1987-06-15"|8–10 June 1987 || {{Country|Italy}} ||[[Amintore Fanfani]]|| [[Venice]], Veneto ||
|-
| [[14th G7 summit|14th]] || data-sort-value="1988"|19–21 June 1988 || {{Country|Canada}} ||[[Brian Mulroney]] ||[[Toronto]], Ontario ||
|-
| [[15th G7 summit|15th]] || data-sort-value="1989"|14–16 July 1989 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||[[François Mitterrand]] || [[Paris]], Paris || The [[Financial Action Task Force]] (FATF) was formed.
|-
| [[16th G7 summit|16th]] || data-sort-value="1990"|9–11 July 1990 || {{Country|United States}} ||[[George H. W. Bush]] || [[Houston]], Texas ||
|-
| [[17th G7 summit|17th]] || data-sort-value="1991"|15–17 July 1991 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||[[John Major]]|| [[London]], England ||
|-
| [[18th G7 summit|18th]] || data-sort-value="1992"|6–8 July 1992 || {{Country|Germany}} ||[[Helmut Kohl]] || [[Munich]], [[Bavaria]] || The first G7 summit in [[Germany|reunified Germany]].
|-
| [[19th G7 summit|19th]] || data-sort-value="1993"|7–9 July 1993 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} ||[[Kiichi Miyazawa]] || [[Tokyo]] ||
|-
| [[20th G7 summit|20th]] || data-sort-value="1994"|8–10 July 1994 || {{Country|Italy}} ||[[Silvio Berlusconi]]|| [[Naples]], Campania ||
|-
| [[21st G7 summit|21st]] || data-sort-value="1995"|15–17 June 1995 || {{Country|Canada}} ||[[Jean Chrétien]] || [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]], Nova Scotia ||
|-
| [[22nd G7 summit|22nd]] || data-sort-value="1996"|27–29 June 1996 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||[[Jacques Chirac]] || [[Lyon]], Rhône ||The first summit to debut [[international organization]]s, namely the United Nations, [[World Bank Group|World Bank]], [[International Monetary Fund]], and the [[World Trade Organization]].<ref name="G8 paper">Kirton, John. [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/kirton-performance-080717.pdf "A Summit of Substantial Success: The Performance of the 2008 G8"; pp. 88, 89] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001220104/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/kirton-performance-080717.pdf |date=1 October 2008 }} ''G8 Information Centre&nbsp;– University of Toronto'' 17 July 2008.</ref>
|-
! colspan="6" |As the [[G8]]
|-
| [[23rd G8 summit|23rd]] || data-sort-value="1997" |20–22 June 1997|| {{Country|United States}} ||[[Bill Clinton]] ||[[Denver]], Colorado ||Russia joined the group, forming the [[G8]].
|-
| [[24th G8 summit|24th]] || data-sort-value="1998"|15–17 May 1998 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||[[Tony Blair]] || [[Birmingham]], West Midlands||
|-
| [[25th G8 summit|25th]] || data-sort-value="1999"|18–20 June 1999 || {{Country|Germany}} ||[[Gerhard Schröder]]|| [[Cologne]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] ||The first summit of the [[G20|G20 major economies]] at [[Berlin]].
|-
| [[26th G8 summit|26th]] || data-sort-value="2000"|21–23 July 2000 || {{Country|Japan}} ||[[Yoshirō Mori]] ||[[Nago]], Okinawa ||South Africa was invited to the summit for the first time, and was thereafter invited annually without interruption until the [[38th G8 summit]] in 2012. With permission from a G8 leader, other nations were invited to the summit on a periodical basis for the first time. Nigeria, Algeria, and Senegal accepted their invitations here. The [[World Health Organization]] was also invited for the first time.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| [[27th G8 summit|27th]] || data-sort-value="2001"|20–22 July 2001 || {{Country|Italy}} ||[[Silvio Berlusconi]] || [[Genoa]], Liguria ||Leaders from Bangladesh, Mali, and El Salvador accepted their invitations here.<ref name="G8 paper" /> Demonstrator [[Carlo Giuliani]] was shot and killed by the [[Carabinieri]] during a violent demonstration. One of the largest and most violent [[anti-globalization movement]] protests occurred during the summit.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7506609.stm Italy officials convicted over G8] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906064235/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7506609.stm |date=6 September 2011 }}, BBC News, 15 July 2008</ref> Following those events and the [[11 September attacks]] two months later in 2001, the summits have been held at more remote locations.
|-
| [[28th G8 summit|28th]] || data-sort-value="2002"|26–27 June 2002 || {{Country|Canada}} ||[[Jean Chrétien]] || [[Kananaskis Improvement District|Kananaskis]], Alberta ||Russia gained permission to officially host a [[32nd G8 summit|G8 Summit]]. This was the first Kananaskis G7/G8 Summit; the area hosted it again in 2025.
|-
| [[29th G8 summit|29th]] || data-sort-value="2003"|1–3 June 2003 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||[[Jacques Chirac]] || [[Évian-les-Bains]], Haute-Savoie ||The [[G8+5]] was unofficially formed when China, India, Brazil, and Mexico were invited to this summit for the first time (the other member of the +5 was South Africa). Other first-time nations that were invited by the French president included Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Switzerland.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| [[30th G8 summit|30th]] || data-sort-value="2004"|8–10 June 2004 || {{Country|United States}} ||[[George W. Bush]] || [[Sea Island, Georgia]] ||A record number of leaders from 12 different nations accepted their invitations here. Amongst a couple of veteran nations, the others were: Ghana, Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Turkey, Yemen, and Uganda.<ref name="G8 paper" /> The [[Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan|state funeral of former President Ronald Reagan]] took place in Washington during the summit. Many of the G8 leaders attended this funeral, along with 20 other heads of state.
|-
| [[31st G8 summit|31st]] || data-sort-value="2005"|6–8 July 2005 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||[[Tony Blair]] || [[Gleneagles, Scotland|Gleneagles]], Scotland||The [[G8+5]] was officially formed. On the second day of the meeting, [[7 July 2005 London bombings|suicide bombers killed 52 people on the London Underground and a bus]]. Ethiopia and Tanzania were invited for the first time. The [[African Union]] and the [[International Energy Agency]] made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" /> 225,000 people took to the streets of Edinburgh as part of the [[Make Poverty History]] campaign calling for Trade Justice, Debt Relief and Better Aid. Numerous other demonstrations also took place challenging the legitimacy of the G8.<ref>David Miller [http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279 "Spinning the G8"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528184428/http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279 |date=28 May 2009 }}, Zednet, 13 May 2005.</ref>
|-
| [[32nd G8 summit|32nd]] || data-sort-value="2006"|15–17 July 2006 || {{Country|Russia}}<br />([[G8]] member, not G7)<ref name="autogenerated1"/> ||[[Vladimir Putin]] ||[[Strelna]], [[Saint Petersburg]] ||The only G8 summit held in Russia. The [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] and [[UNESCO]] made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| [[33rd G8 summit|33rd]] || data-sort-value="2007"|6–8 June 2007 || {{Country|Germany}} || [[Angela Merkel]] || [[Heiligendamm]], [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern|Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania]] ||Seven different international organizations accepted their invitations to this summit. The [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] and the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| [[34th G8 summit|34th]] || data-sort-value="2008"|7–9 July 2008 || {{Country|Japan}} || [[Yasuo Fukuda]] ||[[Tōyako, Hokkaidō]] ||Australia, Indonesia, and South Korea accepted their G8 summit invitations for the first time.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| [[35th G8 summit|35th]] || data-sort-value="2009"|8–10 July 2009 || {{Country|Italy}} || [[Silvio Berlusconi]] || [[L'Aquila]], Abruzzo ||This G8 summit was originally planned to be held in [[La Maddalena]] ([[Sardinia]]), but was moved to L'Aquila as a way of showing Prime Minister Berlusconi's desire to help the region after the [[2009 L'Aquila earthquake]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/ |title=Berlusconi Proposes Relocation of G8 Summit to L'Aquila |publisher=Running in heels |date=24 April 2009 |access-date=12 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808230903/http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/ |archive-date=8 August 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> With 15 invited countries, it was the most heavily attended summit in the history of the group. Angola, Denmark, Netherlands, and Spain accepted their invitations for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm |title=G8 Summit 2009 – official website – Other Countries |publisher=G8italia2009.it |access-date=8 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013349/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm |archive-date=6 April 2010 }}</ref> A record of 11 international organizations were represented in this summit. For the first time, the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]], the [[International Fund for Agricultural Development]], the [[World Food Programme]], and the [[International Labour Organization]] accepted their invitations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm |title=G8 Summit 2009 – official website – International Organizations |publisher=G8italia2009.it |access-date=8 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013354/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm |archive-date=6 April 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[36th G8 summit|36th]] || data-sort-value="2010"|25–26 June 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2010muskoka/2010plans/2010-g8plans-100623.pdf |title=Canada's G8 Plans |access-date=27 June 2010 |archive-date=5 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705022011/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2010muskoka/2010plans/2010-g8plans-100623.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> || {{Country|Canada}} || [[Stephen Harper]] || [[Huntsville, Ontario]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155 |title=Prime Minister of Canada: Prime Minister announces Canada to host 2010 G8 Summit in Huntsville |publisher=Pm.gc.ca |access-date=8 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208043545/http://www.pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155 |archive-date=8 February 2010 }}</ref> ||Malawi, Colombia, Haiti, and Jamaica accepted their invitations for the first time.<ref>[http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2010muskoka/delegations.html Participants at the 2010 Muskoka Summit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020504/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2010muskoka/delegations.html |date=24 September 2015 }}. G8 Information Centre. Retrieved 29 June 2010.</ref>
|-
| [[37th G8 summit|37th]] || data-sort-value="2011"|26–27 May 2011 || {{Country|France|1974}} || [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] || [[Deauville]],<ref>[http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/le-prochain-g20-aura-lieu-a-cannes-12-11-2010-1261419_23.php "Le prochain G20 aura lieu à Cannes"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319015035/http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/le-prochain-g20-aura-lieu-a-cannes-12-11-2010-1261419_23.php |date=19 March 2015 }}, ''Le point''. 12 November 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html The City of Deauville] ''Official 2011 G8 website''. Retrieved 7 February 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319170128/http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html |date=19 March 2012 }}</ref> [[Calvados (department)|Calvados]] || Guinea, Niger, Côte d'Ivoire, and Tunisia accepted their invitations for the first time. The [[Arab League|League of Arab States]] made its debut in the meeting.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2011deauville/kirton-prospects-110526.html| title=Prospects for the 2011 G8 Deauville Summit| work=G8 Information Centre| first=John| last=Kirton| date=26 May 2011| access-date=27 May 2011| archive-date=4 August 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804010039/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2011deauville/kirton-prospects-110526.html| url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[38th G8 summit|38th]] || data-sort-value="2012"|18–19 May 2012 || {{Country|United States}} || [[Barack Obama]] || [[Camp David]], [[Maryland]] || The summit was originally planned for Chicago, along with the [[2012 Chicago Summit|NATO summit]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/whatsnew/2012location-change.html |title=2012 G8 Summit Relocation |publisher=G8.utoronto.ca |access-date=26 March 2013 |archive-date=6 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406090844/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/whatsnew/2012location-change.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> but on 5 March 2012 an official announcement was made that the summit would be held at the more private location of Camp David, and starting one day earlier than previously scheduled.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2012/03/05/g8-summit-moved-to-camp-david/| title=White House Moves G8 Summit From Chicago To Camp David| work=[[WBBM-TV|CBS Chicago]]| date=5 March 2012| access-date=5 March 2012| archive-date=28 March 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328224647/http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2012/03/05/g8-summit-moved-to-camp-david/| url-status=live}}</ref> The second summit in which one of the leaders, in this case Vladimir Putin, declined to participate. The summit concentrated on the core leaders only, as no non-G8 leaders or international organizations were invited.
|-
| [[39th G8 summit|39th]] || data-sort-value="2013"|17–18 June 2013 || {{Country|United Kingdom}}  || [[David Cameron]] || [[Lough Erne]], County Fermanagh, [[Northern Ireland]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20408441 |title=BBC News – Lough Erne resort in Fermanagh to host G8 summit |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=20 November 2012 |access-date=26 March 2013 |work=BBC News |archive-date=18 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618181805/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20408441 |url-status=live }}</ref> ||As in 2012, only the core members of the G8 attended this meeting. The four main topics that were discussed here were trade, government transparency, tackling tax evasion, and the ongoing Syrian crisis.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22957599| title=As it happened: G8 summit| work=[[BBC News]]| access-date=18 June 2013| archive-date=18 June 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618180256/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22957599| url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="6" |As the G7
|-
| [[40th G7 summit|40th]]|| data-sort-value="2014"|4–5 June 2014 || {{Country|European Union}} || [[Herman Van Rompuy]] <br /> [[José Manuel Barroso]] || [[Brussels]], Belgium || This summit was originally planned to be held in [[Sochi]], Russia, but was relocated, with Russia disinvited, due to the latter's [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation of Crimea]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/top-stories/russia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503| title=Russia out in the cold after suspension from the G8| work=The Scotsman| date=18 March 2014| access-date=23 March 2014| archive-date=23 March 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323224546/http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/top-stories/russia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html| title=G-7 Agrees to Exclude Russia, Increase Sanctions/World Powers to Meet in Brussels in June Without Russia| work=The Wall Street Journal| date=25 March 2014| access-date=13 March 2017| archive-date=1 April 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401060630/https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html| url-status=live}}</ref> Thus, the grouping reverted from G8 back to G7. (There was an emergency meeting in March 2014 in The Hague.)
|-
| [[41st G7 summit|41st]] || data-sort-value="2015"|7–8 June 2015 || {{Country|Germany}} || [[Angela Merkel]] || [[Schloss Elmau]], [[Bavaria]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140123171618/http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html|url-status=dead|title=Germany to hold 2015 G8 summit at Alpine spa |date=23 January 2014|archive-date=23 January 2014|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> ||The summit was focused on the global economy, as well as on key issues regarding foreign, security, and development policy.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.g7germany.de/Webs/G7/EN/G7-Gipfel_en/Agenda_en/agenda_node.html| title=German G7 presidency – Key topics for the summit announced| date=19 November 2014| access-date=30 April 2015| archive-date=6 June 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606033641/https://www.g7germany.de/Webs/G7/EN/G7-Gipfel_en/Agenda_en/agenda_node.html| url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Global Apollo Programme]] was also on the agenda.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carrington|first1=Damian|title=Global Apollo programme seeks to make clean energy cheaper than coal|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/apollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change|access-date=2 June 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|issue=2 June 2015|publisher=[[Guardian News Media]]|archive-date=16 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216031318/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/apollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[42nd G7 summit|42nd]] || data-sort-value="2016"|26–27 May 2016<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/| title=Japan announced to host G7 summit in 2016 in Shima| work=prepsure.com| date=23 June 2015| access-date=27 June 2015| archive-date=30 June 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630031609/http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/japan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332| title=Japan Announces Dates for G7 Summit in 2016| work=NDTV| date=23 June 2015| access-date=27 June 2015| archive-date=7 December 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207235432/https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/japan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332| url-status=live}}</ref> || {{Country|Japan}} || [[Shinzō Abe]] || [[Shima, Mie|Shima]], [[Mie Prefecture]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html |title=来年のサミット 三重県志摩市で開催へ (Next Year's Summit To Be Held in Shima City, Mie Prefecture) |language=ja |date=5 June 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605093012/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html |archive-date=5 June 2015 }}</ref> ||The G7 leaders aimed to address challenges affecting the growth of the [[world economy]], like slowdowns in [[emerging markets]] and drops in [[price of oil]]. The G7 also issued a warning to the United Kingdom that "a [[Brexit|UK exit from the EU]] would reverse the trend towards greater global trade and investment, and the jobs they create and is a further serious risk to growth."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Asthana|first1=Anushka|title=Brexit would pose 'serious risk' to global growth, say G7 leaders|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/27/brexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders|access-date=28 May 2016|work=The Guardian|date=27 May 2016|archive-date=27 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527100225/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/27/brexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders|url-status=live}}</ref> Commitment to an EU–Japan Free Trade Agreement.
|-
| [[43rd G7 summit|43rd]] || data-sort-value="2017"|26–27 May 2017<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Renzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html| title=Renzi announces to host G7 summit in 2017 in Taormina| work=RaiNews24| date=26 May 2016| access-date=27 May 2016| archive-date=5 April 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405175921/https://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Renzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html| url-status=live}}</ref> || {{Country|Italy}} || [[Paolo Gentiloni]] || [[Taormina]], Sicily<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogtaormina.it/2016/04/01/g7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla/221255|title=G7 a Taormina, è ufficiale. Renzi chiama da Boston il sindaco Giardina: "Il vertice si farà nella Perla"|last=Redazione|date=1 April 2016|access-date=2 April 2016|archive-date=5 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405175930/http://www.blogtaormina.it/2016/04/01/g7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla/221255/|url-status=live}}</ref> ||The Host leader was the Prime Minister of Italy, originally [[Matteo Renzi]]. He formally resigned on 12 December 2016. The G7 leaders emphasized common endeavours: ending the Syrian crisis, fulfilling the UN mission in Libya, and reducing the presence of ISIS in Syria and Iraq. North Korea was urged to comply with UN resolutions, and Russian responsibility for the [[Russo-Ukrainian war]] was stressed. Supporting economic activity and ensuring price stability was demanded, while inequalities in trade and gender were called to be challenged. It was agreed to help countries in creating conditions that address the drivers of migration: ending hunger, increasing competitiveness, and advancing global health security.<ref name="Come funziona il G7">{{cite web|url=http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7|title=Come funziona il G7?|website=www.g7italy.it|access-date=17 November 2017|archive-date=7 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407164003/http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=G7 Taormina Leaders' Communiqué|url=http://www.g7italy.it/sites/default/files/documents/G7%20Taormina%20Leaders%27%20Communique_27052017_0.pdf|publisher=G7 Italy 2017|date=27 May 2017|access-date=11 June 2017|archive-date=27 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527232221/http://www.g7italy.it/sites/default/files/documents/G7%20Taormina%20Leaders%27%20Communique_27052017_0.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| [[44th G7 summit|44th]] || data-sort-value="2018"|8–9 June 2018 || {{Country|Canada}}<ref name="gcnews">{{cite web|url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/05/27/canada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec|title=Canada to host 2018 G7 Summit in Charlevoix, Quebec|date=27 May 2017|access-date=27 May 2017|website=pm.gc.ca|publisher=[[Office of the Prime Minister (Canada)|Prime Minister of Canada]]|archive-date=27 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527232147/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/05/27/canada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec|url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Justin Trudeau]] || [[La Malbaie]], [[Québec]] ([[Charlevoix]])<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Global Affairs |date=20 February 2019 |title=The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique |url=https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/g7/documents/2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx?lang=eng |access-date=18 April 2023 |website=GAC |archive-date=2 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061318/https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/g7/documents/2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx?lang=eng |url-status=live }}</ref>||The summit took place at the Manoir Richelieu. Prime Minister Trudeau announced five themes for Canada's G7 presidency, which began in January 2018. Climate, along with commerce trades, was one of the main themes. "''Working together on climate change, oceans and clean energy''."<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.014|title = A call for Canada to move toward zero plastic waste by reducing and recycling single-use plastics| journal=Resources, Conservation and Recycling| volume=133| pages=99–100|year = 2018|last1 = Walker|first1 = Tony R.| last2=Xanthos| first2=Dirk| bibcode=2018RCR...133...99W |s2cid = 117378637}}</ref> The final statement contained 28 points. US President [[Donald Trump]] did not agree to the economic section of the final statement.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/06/09/sommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html|title=Sommet du G7 : Trump retire son soutien au communiqué commun sur le commerce|newspaper=Le Monde.fr|date=9 June 2018|access-date=10 June 2018|archive-date=10 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610064933/https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/06/09/sommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The G7 members also announced to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures against Russian Federation for its failure to implement the [[Minsk Protocol]] completely.<ref name="auto">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-communique-text/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107|title=The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique|newspaper=Reuters|date=9 June 2018|access-date=10 June 2018|archive-date=16 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116004828/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-communique-text/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| [[45th G7 summit|45th]] || data-sort-value="2019"|24–26 August 2019 || {{Country|France|1974}}<ref name="presidency rotation 2015-2020">{{cite news|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm|title=G7 Summit in Brussels, 4–5 June 2014: Background note and facts about the EU's role and action|date=3 June 2014|access-date=2 April 2015|archive-date=31 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150531100403/http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Emmanuel Macron]] || [[Biarritz]], [[Pyrénées-Atlantiques]]||It was agreed at the summit that the World Trade Organization, "with regard to intellectual property protection, to settle disputes more swiftly and to eliminate unfair trade practices", "to simplify regulatory barriers and modernize international taxation within the framework of the OECD", "to ensure that Iran never acquires nuclear weapons and to foster peace and stability in the region", and "to support a truce in Libya that will lead to a long-term ceasefire". The summit also addressed the Russian military intervention in Ukraine and the 2019 Hong Kong anti-extradition bill protests.<ref name="scmp">{{cite news |title=US President Donald Trump says he believes China sincerely seeks a trade deal |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3024439/us-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely |work=South China Morning Post |date=26 August 2019 |access-date=18 September 2019 |archive-date=26 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826212702/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3024439/us-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="xinhua">{{cite news |title=News Analysis: G7 summit declaration cannot conceal deep U.S.-EU rift |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827001041/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 August 2019 |publisher=xinhuanet |date=27 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="lh">{{cite news |title=Biarritz G7 summit non-binding declaration on Libya calls for truce, political solution and conference |url=https://www.libyaherald.com/2019/08/27/biarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference/ |work=Libya Herald |date=27 August 2019 |access-date=18 September 2019 |archive-date=14 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190914033529/https://www.libyaherald.com/2019/08/27/biarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="rthk">{{cite news |title=G7 leaders back HK autonomy, urge calm |url=https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1476988-20190827.htm |publisher=rthk.hk |date=27 August 2019 |access-date=18 September 2019 |archive-date=26 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826082241/https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1476988-20190827.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-bgcolor=#e0e0e0
| [[46th G7 summit|46th]] || data-sort-value="2020"|''Cancelled'' || {{Country|United States}} (original host, none)<ref name="presidency rotation 2015-2020"/> ||[[Donald Trump]] (original host figure)|| [[Camp David]], [[Maryland]] (cancelled)||The summit was originally to be held in [[Camp David]], [[Maryland]], but was officially postponed on 19 March 2020 due to the concerns over the [[COVID-19 pandemic|worldwide coronavirus pandemic]], and was planned to be replaced by a global videoconference,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/g7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html|title=White House cancels in-person G7 summit at Camp David due to coronavirus|publisher=Media|author=Perano, Ursula|author2=Treene, Alayna|date=19 March 2020|access-date=12 April 2020|archive-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412162533/https://www.axios.com/g7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but in the end, no meeting was held.
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| [[47th G7 summit|47th]] || data-sort-value="2021"|11–13 June 2021<ref name="g7UK">{{Cite web |title=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |url=https://www.g7uk.org/ |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204230835/https://www.g7uk.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || {{Country|United Kingdom}}|| [[Boris Johnson]] || [[Carbis Bay]], Cornwall, England<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 January 2021|title=G7: UK to host Cornwall seaside summit in summer|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55678267|access-date=17 January 2021|archive-date=17 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117002207/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55678267|url-status=live}}</ref>||The summit reached provisional agreement on a global [[minimum corporate tax rate]] of 15%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605140521/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html |archive-date=5 June 2021 |url-access=limited|title=Finance Leaders Reach Global Tax Deal Aimed at Ending Profit Shifting|first=Alan|last=Rappeport|newspaper=The New York Times|date=5 June 2021}}</ref>
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| [[48th G7 summit|48th]] || data-sort-value="2022"|26–28 June 2022<ref name="G7 Germany 2022">{{Cite web |title=G7 Germany Presidency 2022 |url=https://www.g7germany.de/ |access-date=10 March 2022 |website=2022 G7 presidency Germany |language=en-GB |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122448/https://www.g7germany.de/g7-de |url-status=live }}</ref> || {{Country|Germany}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || [[Olaf Scholz]] || [[Schloss Elmau]], [[Bavaria]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Germany's G7 Presidency in 2022: 2022 G7 Summit at Schloss Elmau|url=https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/g7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596|website=[[Cabinet of Germany|Bundesregierung]]|access-date=19 December 2021|date=14 December 2021|archive-date=18 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018132902/https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/g7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596|url-status=live}}</ref>
|Discussed with Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] virtually, and the statement on support for Ukraine was issued.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 June 2022 |title=G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057196/4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=27 June 2022 |archive-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630181904/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057196/4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf?download=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=27 June 2022 |title=Annex to G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057220/cb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=27 June 2022 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628085214/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057220/cb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf?download=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Also discussed with invited guests about global food security, gender equality and "Investing in a Better Future" on climate, energy and health, and G7 Leaders' Communiqué was issued after the summit meetings.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2022 |title=G7 Leaders' Communiqué – Executive Summary |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057928/1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=28 June 2022 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628120343/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057928/1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf?download=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2022 |title=G7 Leaders' Communiqué |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=28 June 2022 |archive-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630042532/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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| [[49th G7 summit|49th]]|| data-sort-value="2023" |19–21 May 2023<ref>{{cite news |date=15 July 2022 |title=Japan Launches G-7 Hiroshima Summit Secretariat |url=https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2022071500133/ |work=Nippon.com |access-date=16 July 2022 |archive-date=15 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715031915/https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2022071500133/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> || {{Country|Japan}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || [[Fumio Kishida]] || [[Hiroshima]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Press Conference by Foreign Minister HAYASHI Yoshimasa|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/press/kaiken/kaiken22e_000081.html|website=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)]]|access-date=11 June 2022|date=27 May 2022|archive-date=11 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611101116/https://www.mofa.go.jp/press/kaiken/kaiken22e_000081.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|At the situation of the world facing multiple crises, including [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], climate crisis, pandemic, and geopolitical crisis, the G7 discussed to counter these crisis. The G7 affirmed to uphold "the free and open international order" based on "the [[rule of law]]", and strengthened the G7's outreach to the emerging and developing countries.<ref name="JF_2023-05-13">{{cite web |date=13 May 2023 |author=[[Fumio Kishida]] |title=The G7 Hiroshima Summit: Respond to the Multiple Crises that the World is Facing |url=https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/ |website=Japan Forward |access-date=22 May 2023 |archive-date=22 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522230401/https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The long guest list reflects the attempts to woo what many call the "Global South", a term used for developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, all of whom have complex political and economic ties to both Russia and China.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2023 |author=Laura Bicker |title=G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |website=[[BBC]] |access-date=27 May 2023 |archive-date=7 June 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230607220646/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[President of Ukraine]] [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] attended two sessions as guest and got a lot of attention.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 May 2023 |author=Tessa Wong |title=Zelensky dominates summit as G7 leaders call out China |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65657996 |website=[[BBC]] |access-date=27 May 2023 |archive-date=30 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230045603/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65657996 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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| [[50th G7 summit|50th]]|| data-sort-value="2024" | 13–15 June 2024 || {{Country|Italy}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || [[Giorgia Meloni]] || [[Fasano]], [[Puglia]] ||The 50th G7 summit hosted many guest international leaders representing Nations and International organizations such as the [[United Nations|UN]], [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]], and the [[World Bank]]. The summit also hosted [[Pope Francis]] of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]] in his first appearance at a G7 Summit. The Summit also hosted President Zelensky of Ukraine for the 3rd year since the start of the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]. Indian Prime Minister too attended the summit. The topics discussed included the ongoing war in Ukraine, The [[Gaza war]], [[climate change]], [[China]], Migration, and the Economy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Summit {{!}} G7 Italia |url=https://www.g7italy.it/en/summit |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=G7 Italia 2024 |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122950/https://www.g7italy.it/en/summit/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mallees |first=Nojoud Al |date=14 June 2024 |title=G7 leaders pledge action to counter foreign interference in new statement |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/g7-leaders-pledge-action-to-counter-foreign-interference-in-new-statement-1.6926631 |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=CP24 |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122948/https://www.cp24.com/news/g7-leaders-pledge-action-to-counter-foreign-interference-in-new-statement-1.6926631 |url-status=live }}</ref>  
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| [[51st G7 summit|51st]]|| data-sort-value="2025" |16–17 June 2025<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-g7-presidency-2025-1.7421639 | title=Canada set to preside over G7 in 2025 amid political instability at home and abroad |last=Robertson |first=Dylan | work=[[CBC News]] |date=2 January 2025}}</ref> || {{Country|Canada}}<ref name=":4" />|| [[Mark Carney]] || [[Kananaskis Improvement District|Kananaskis]], [[Alberta]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=14 June 2024 |title=Canada to host G7 leaders' summit in Kananaskis, Alta., next June |url=https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/canada-to-host-g7-leaders-summit-in-kananaskis-alta-next-june-1.6927424 |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=Calgary |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122950/https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/canada-to-host-g7-leaders-summit-in-kananaskis-alta-next-june-1.6927424 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|The summit took place days after the outbreak of the [[Iran–Israel War]], with all leaders signing a statement calling for deescalation.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2025 |title=G7 leaders urge 'de-escalation' but stop short of calling for Israel-Iran ceasefire |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd783v9wn1eo |access-date=17 June 2025 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Several bilateral agreements were announced including increased Canadian military support for Ukraine and provisions of a trade deal between the UK and US. President of the United States Donald Trump expressed that it was wrong for the group to have expelled Russia, something he last mentioned at the [[45th G7 summit|45th summit]], and later left the summit a day early to deal with the Israel–Iran War.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Irish |first=John |last2=Renshaw |first2=Jarrett |last3=Rinke |first3=Andreas |date=17 June 2025 |title=Trump leaves G7 summit early due to Middle East situation |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/seeking-unity-g7-meets-amid-escalating-ukraine-middle-east-conflicts-2025-06-16/ |access-date=17 June 2025 |work=Reuters |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[52nd G7 summit|52nd]]|| data-sort-value="2026" |June 2026 || {{Country|France|1974}} || [[Emmanuel Macron]] || [[Évian-les-Bains]], [[Haute-Savoie]] || At the end of the 51st G7 Summit, French President [[Emmanuel Macron]] announced the 52nd G7 Summit will be held in [[Évian-les-Bains]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 June 2025 |title=Next G7 leaders summit to take place at Evian in French Alps - Macron |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/next-g7-leaders-summit-take-place-evian-french-alps-macron-2025-06-17/ |access-date=17 June 2025 |work=Reuters |language=en}}</ref>
|}

==Current leaders==

<gallery class="center" widths="120">
File:Mark Carney portrait May 2025 (4).jpg|alt=CanadaMark Carney,Prime Minister|'''{{flag|Canada}}'''<br/>[[Mark Carney]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
File:Emmanuel Macron February 2025.jpg|alt=FranceEmmanuel Macron,President|'''{{flag|France}}'''<br/>[[Emmanuel Macron]],<br/>[[President of France|President]]
File:2025-02-23 Bundestagswahl – Wahlabend CDU by Sandro Halank–070.jpg|'''{{flag|Germany}}'''<br>[[Friedrich Merz]],<br>[[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]   |alt=Germany Friedrich Merz,Chancellor
File:Giorgia Meloni Official 2023 crop.jpg|alt=ItalyGiorgia Meloni,Prime Minister|'''{{flag|Italy}}'''<br/>[[Giorgia Meloni]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
File:Ishiba Shigeru 20241001 (cropped).jpg|alt=JapanShigeru Ishiba,Prime Minister|'''{{flag|Japan}}'''<br/>[[Shigeru Ishiba]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer Portrait (cropped).jpg|alt=United KingdomKeir Starmer,Prime Minister|'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''<br/>[[Keir Starmer]],<br/>[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
File:Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025).jpg|alt=United StatesDonald Trump,President|'''{{flag|United States}}'''<br/>[[Donald Trump]],<br/>[[President of the United States|President]]
File:Antonio Costa Portrait 2024 (cropped).jpg|alt=European UnionAntónio Costa,President of the European Council|'''{{flag|European Union}}'''<br/>[[António Costa]],<br/>[[President of the European Council]]
File:Ursula von der Leyen 2024.jpg|alt=European UnionUrsula von der Leyen,President of the European Commission|'''{{flag|European Union}}'''<br/>[[Ursula von der Leyen]],<br/>[[President of the European Commission]]
</gallery>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Leaders of G7 members
! scope="col" | Member
! scope="col" colspan=2 | Leader(s)
! scope="col" colspan=2 | Minister of Finance
! scope="col" colspan=2 | Central Bank Governor
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|Canada}}
| [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
| [[Mark Carney]]
| [[Minister of Finance (Canada)|Minister of Finance]]
| [[François-Philippe Champagne]]
| [[Governor of the Bank of Canada|Governor]]
| [[Tiff Macklem]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|France}}
| [[President of France|President]]
| [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| [[Ministry of the Economy and Finance (France)|Minister of the Economy and Finance]]
| [[Éric Lombard]]
| [[Governor of the Bank of France|Governor]]
| [[François Villeroy de Galhau]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|Germany}}
| [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]
| [[Friedrich Merz]]
| [[Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)|Minister of Finance]]
| [[Lars Klingbeil]]
| [[Deutsche Bundesbank|President]]
| [[Joachim Nagel]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|Italy}}
| [[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
| [[Giorgia Meloni]]
| [[Italian Minister of Economy and Finance|Minister of Economy and Finance]]
| [[Giancarlo Giorgetti]]
| [[Governor of the Bank of Italy|Governor]]
| [[Fabio Panetta]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|Japan}}
| [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
| [[Shigeru Ishiba]]
| [[Minister of Finance (Japan)|Minister of Finance]]
| [[Katsunobu Katō]]
| [[Bank of Japan|Governor]]
| [[Kazuo Ueda]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
| [[Keir Starmer]]
| [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
| [[Rachel Reeves]]
| [[Governor of the Bank of England|Governor]]
| [[Andrew Bailey (banker)|Andrew Bailey]]
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:left" | {{flag|United States}}
| [[President of the United States|President]]
| [[Donald Trump]]
| [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of the Treasury]]
| [[Scott Bessent]]
| [[Chair of the Federal Reserve|Chair]]
| [[Jerome Powell]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2 style="text-align:left" | {{flag|European Union}}
| [[President of the European Council|Council President]]<ref name="EU rep">[http://euobserver.com/9/29713 "Van Rompuy and Barroso to both represent EU at G20"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511192635/http://euobserver.com/9/29713 |date=11 May 2011 }}. EUobserver.com. 19 March 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2012. "The permanent president of the EU Council, former Belgian premier Herman Van Rompuy, also represents the bloc abroad in foreign policy and security matters ... in other areas, such as climate change, President Barroso will speak on behalf of the 27-member club."</ref>
| [[António Costa]]
| rowspan=2 | [[European Commissioner for Economy|Commissioner for Economy]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Valdis Dombrovskis]]
| rowspan=2 | [[President of the European Central Bank|President]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Christine Lagarde]]
|-
| [[President of the European Commission|Commission President]]<ref name="EU rep"/>
| [[Ursula von der Leyen]]
|}

==Member country data==
The G7 is composed of the seven [[National wealth|wealthiest]] advanced countries. The [[China|People's Republic of China]], according to its data, would be the second-largest with 17.90% of the world net wealth,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2021|title=Global Wealth Databook 2021|url=https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|access-date=20 December 2021|website=[[Credit Suisse]]. credit-suisse.com|at=Table 2-1. p.&nbsp;21|archive-date=23 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623101415/https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> but is excluded because of its relatively low net wealth per adult and [[HDI|Human Development Index]].<ref name="autogenerated1" /> As of 2021, [[Crédit Suisse]] reports the G7 (without the [[European Union]]) represents around 53% of the global [[Net worth|net wealth]];<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2021|title=Global Wealth Databook 2021|url=https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|access-date=20 December 2021|website=[[Credit Suisse]]. credit-suisse.com|at=Table 2-1 "Country details". p.&nbsp;21–24.|archive-date=23 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623101415/https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> including the EU, the G7 accounts for over 60% of the global net wealth.<ref name=":3" />
The combined population of the G7 countries is about 10% of [[world population]].<ref name="n026">{{cite web | title=Which countries make up the G7? | website=deutschland.de | date=25 May 2022 | url=https://www.deutschland.de/en/g7-members-facts-and-figures | access-date=16 June 2024}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Overview of G7 members
|-
!scope="col"| Member
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[International trade|Trade]] bil. USD (2022)<ref name="WTO Trade">{{cite web |title=WTO Stats |url=https://stats.wto.org/dashboard/services_en.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415075448/https://stats.wto.org/dashboard/services_en.html |archive-date=15 April 2023 |access-date= |publisher=World Trade Organization}}</ref>
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|Nominal GDP]] (USD million)<ref name=":5">{{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=15 May 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413194731/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |url-status=live }}</ref>
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|PPP GDP]] (Int$ million)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|Nominal GDP per capita]] ($)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|PPP GDP per capita]] (Int$)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2023)<ref name="2022 components3">{{cite book |url=https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 - A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI |date=6 May 2025 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |isbn= |publication-date=6 May 2025 |pages= |access-date=17 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506064128/https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |archive-date=6 May 2025}}</ref>
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries and dependencies by population|Population]] (2022–2023)
!scope="col" |[[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|P5]]
!scope="col" |[[OECD]]
!scope="col" |[[Development Assistance Committee|DAC]]
!scope="col" |[[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie|OIF]]
!scope="col" |[[Commonwealth of Nations|C'wth]]
!scope="col" |[[NATO]]
!scope="col" |Economic classification ([[IMF]])<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" |Currency
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|Canada}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,385
| style="text-align: right;" |2,089,672
| style="text-align: right;" |2,385,124
| style="text-align: right;" |52,722
| style="text-align: right;" |60,177
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.939
| style="text-align: right;" | 39,891,963
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="7"| Advanced
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Canadian dollar]]
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|France}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,996
| style="text-align: right;" |2,923,489
| style="text-align: right;" |3,872,729
| style="text-align: right;" |44,408
| style="text-align: right;" |58,828
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.920
| style="text-align: right;" | 68,042,591
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3"|[[Euro]]
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|Germany}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 3,978
| style="text-align: right;" |4,308,854
| style="text-align: right;" |5,545,656
| style="text-align: right;" |51,383
| style="text-align: right;" |66,132
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.959
| style="text-align: right;" | 84,270,625
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|Italy}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,559
| style="text-align: right;" |2,169,745
| style="text-align: right;" |3,195,548
| style="text-align: right;" |36,812
| style="text-align: right;" |44,160
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.915
| style="text-align: right;" | 58,815,463
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|Japan}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 2,013
| style="text-align: right;" |4,409,738
| style="text-align: right;" |6,456,527
| style="text-align: right;" |35,385
| style="text-align: right;" |51,809
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.925
| style="text-align: right;" | 124,470,000
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{maybe|[[NATO global partners|global partner]]}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Japanese yen|Yen]]
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 2,007
| style="text-align: right;" |3,158,938
| style="text-align: right;" |3,846,931
| style="text-align: right;" |46,371
| style="text-align: right;" |56,471
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.946
| style="text-align: right;" | 67,026,292
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Pound sterling|Pound]]
|-
|{{left}} {{Flag|United States}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 6,786
| style="text-align: right;" |26,854,599
| style="text-align: right;" |26,854,599
| style="text-align: right;" |80,034
| style="text-align: right;" |80,034
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.938
| style="text-align: right;" | 334,748,000
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[United States dollar|US dollar]]
|-
|{{left}} ''{{nowrap|{{Flag|European Union}}}}''
| style="text-align: right;" | 8,171
| style="text-align: right;" | 17,818,782
| style="text-align: right;" | 25,399,093
| style="text-align: right;" | 39,940
| style="text-align: right;" | 56,929
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.912 (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Woharcik |first=Verena |last2=Peruffo |first2=Eleonora |last3=Duff |first3=Cían |last4=Mascherini |first4=Massimiliano |date=26 November 2024 |title=The EU and G20: A two-decade journey of socioeconomic, digital and green transformation |url=https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-11/ef24025en.pdf |website=Eurofound |publisher=Publications Office of the European Union |format=PDF |publication-place=Luxembourg}}</ref>
| style="text-align: right;" | 446,828,803
| {{No}}
| {{maybe|[[OECD#Participating partners|participating partner]]}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced / Emerging and Developing<ref>23 out of 27 EU countries are classified as advanced. 4 out of 27 EU countries are classified by the IMF as Emerging and Developing Europe</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Euro]]
|-
! scope="row" |Total (excl.{{nbsp}}EU)
! style="text-align: right;" |19,724
! style="text-align: right;" |45,915,035
! style="text-align: right;" |52,157,114
! style="text-align: right;" |59,072
! style="text-align: right;" |67,103
! style="text-align: right;" |0.922
! style="text-align: right;" |777,264,934
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|}

==Reception==
According to the group [[hegemony]] theory, the G7 has helped stabilise and perpetuate an inequitable world economic order.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bailin |first1=Alison |title=From traditional to group hegemony: the G7, the liberal economic order and the core-periphery gap |date=2021 |publisher=Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |location=London New York |isbn=9781351157889 |edition=First issued in paperback}}</ref>

===2015 protests===
{{further|41st G7 summit}}
About 7,500 protesters led by the group 'Stop-G7' demonstrated during the 2015 summit in [[Bavaria]], [[Germany]]. About 300 of those reached the 3&nbsp;m high and 7&nbsp;km long security fence surrounding the summit location. The protesters questioned the legitimacy of the G7 to make decisions that could affect the whole world. Authorities had banned demonstrations in the area closest to the summit location and 20,000 police were on duty in Southern Bavaria to keep activists and protesters from interfering with the summit.<ref name=Spiegel07June>{{cite news|title=Der Spiegel: Proteste um Schloss Elmau – Demonstranten wandern bis zum G7-Zaun.|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/g7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html|access-date=11 June 2015|newspaper=[[Der Spiegel]]|date=7 June 2015|archive-date=11 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611060711/http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/g7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Bild03June>{{cite news|title=Bild: 7 Kilometer lang, 3 Meter hoch, auf ganzer Länge beleuchtet.|url=http://www.bild.de/regional/muenchen/g7-gipfel/mit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html|access-date=11 June 2015|newspaper=[[Bild]]|date=3 June 2015|archive-date=4 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904064233/http://www.bild.de/regional/muenchen/g7-gipfel/mit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== China ===
In March 2025, the People's Republic of China's [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China)|foreign ministry]] criticized the G7 for a statement that raised concerns about the PRC's [[China and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear buildup]], maritime actions in the [[South China Sea]], and market policies.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Psaledakis |first=Daphne |date=14 March 2025 |title=Tough G7 statement drops 'one China' reference from Taiwan language |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/tough-g7-statement-drops-one-china-reference-taiwan-language-2025-03-14/ |access-date=15 March 2025 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title='Filled with arrogance': China lashes out at G7 over statements on maritime security |url=https://apnews.com/article/china-g7-maritime-security-2ca16405f82352a62a41eef10866d4f1 |access-date=15 March 2025 |website=[[Associated Press]] |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
{{col div|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment]]
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[D-10 Strategy Forum]]
* [[Developed country]]
* [[Big Four (Western Europe)|G4 (EU)]]
* [[G6 (EU)]]
* [[G8]]
* [[G8+5]]
* [[G10 currencies]]
* [[G20]]
* [[Great power]]
* [[Group of Twelve]] (G12)
* [[Junior 8]]
* [[List of country groupings]]
* [[List of G7 leaders]]
* [[List of multilateral free trade agreements]]
* [[OECD]]
* [[Quint (international organization)|Quint]]
* [[BRICS]]
* [[MIKTA]]
{{div col end}}

===Relations between G7 countries===
*[[Canada–France relations]]
*[[Canada–Germany relations]]
*[[Canada–Italy relations]]
*[[Canada–Japan relations]]
*[[Canada–United Kingdom relations]]
*[[Canada–United States relations]]
*[[France–Germany relations]]
*[[France–Italy relations]]
*[[France–Japan relations]]
*[[France–United Kingdom relations]]
*[[France–United States relations]]
*[[Germany–Italy relations]]
*[[Germany–Japan relations]]
*[[Germany–United Kingdom relations]]
*[[Germany–United States relations]]
*[[Italy–Japan relations]]
*[[Italy–United Kingdom relations]]
*[[Italy–United States relations]]
*[[Japan–United Kingdom relations]]
*[[Japan–United States relations]]
*[[United Kingdom–United States relations]]
*[[Canada–European Union relations]]
*[[Japan–European Union relations]]
*[[United Kingdom–European Union relations]]
*[[United States–European Union relations]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Group of Seven}}
{{wikinews|Economic policy makers conclude Washington meetings}}
* [https://g7.canada.ca/en/ 2025 G7 presidency Canada]
* [https://www.g7italy.it/en/ 2024 G7 presidency Italy]
* 2023 G7 presidency Japan {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128120856/https://www.g7hiroshima.go.jp/en/ |date=28 January 2023 }}
* [https://www.g7germany.de/ 2022 G7 presidency Germany]
* [https://www.g7uk.org/ 2021 G7 presidency UK]
* [https://www.elysee.fr/en/g7 2019 G7 presidency France]
* [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca G7/8 Information Centre – University of Toronto]
* [https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/farming/international-cooperation/international-organisations/g7_en/ The EU engages in actions and discussions with other members of the G7 on topics relating to agriculture]

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