View source for Full-frame DSLR

{{short description|Image sensor format}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019|cs1-dates=y}}
[[File:SensorSizes.svg|thumb|300px|right|The sizes of sensors used in most current digital cameras, relative to a [[35 mm format|35&nbsp;mm format]] ]]

A '''full-frame DSLR''' is a [[digital single-lens reflex camera]] (DSLR) with a [[135 film|35&nbsp;mm]] [[image sensor format]] ({{nowrap|36 mm × 24 mm}}).<ref>{{cite book | title = An Illustrated A to Z of Digital Photography: People And Portraits |author1=Nigel Atherton |author2=Steve Crabb |author3=Tim Shelbourne | publisher = Sterling Publishing Co. Inc | year = 2006 | isbn = 2-88479-087-X}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = Digital Macro Photography | author = Ross Hoddinott | publisher = Sterling Publishing Co. Inc | year = 2006 | isbn = 1-86108-452-8}}</ref> Historically, 35&nbsp;mm<!--Note, not actually 35 mm, but 36 mm--> was one of the standard film formats, alongside larger ones, such as [[Medium format (film)|medium format]] and [[large format (photography)|large format]]. Many digital cameras, both compact and SLR models, use a smaller-than-35&nbsp;mm frame as it is easier and cheaper to manufacture imaging sensors at a smaller size. Historically, the earliest digital SLR models, such as the [[Nikon NASA F4]] or [[Kodak DCS 100]], also used a smaller sensor.

[[Kodak]] states that 35&nbsp;mm film (note: in "[[Academy ratio|Academy format]]", 21.0 mm × 15.2 mm) has the equivalent of 6K horizontal resolution, according to a senior vice president of IMAX.<ref name="IMAX">{{cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/film-interview-imax-executives-talk-the-hunger-games-catching-fire-and-imax-misconceptions/|title=/Film Interview: IMAX Executives Talk 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' and IMAX Misconceptions |publisher=Slash Film|date=December 2, 2013 |access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref> This equates to 10K horizontal resolution in full-frame size.

==Use of 35&nbsp;mm film-camera lenses==
If the lens mounts are compatible, many lenses, including manual-focus models, designed for 35&nbsp;mm cameras can be mounted on DSLR cameras. When a lens designed for a full-frame camera, whether film or digital, is mounted on a DSLR with a smaller sensor size, only the center of the lens's [[image circle]] is captured.  The edges are cropped off, which is equivalent to zooming in on the center section of the imaging area. The ratio of the size of the full-frame 35&nbsp;mm format to the size of the smaller format is known as the "[[crop factor]]" or "focal-length multiplier", and is typically in the range 1.3–2.0 for non-full-frame digital SLRs.

==Advantages and disadvantages of full-frame digital SLRs==

===35&nbsp;mm lenses===
[[File:Dslr sensor comparison.jpg|thumb|300px|An APS-C format DSLR (left) and a full-frame DSLR (right) show the difference in the size of the sensors.]]
When used with lenses designed for full frame film or digital cameras, full-frame DSLRs offer a number of advantages compared to their smaller-sensor counterparts. One advantage is that wide-angle lenses designed for full-frame 35&nbsp;mm retain that same wide [[angle of view]]. On smaller-sensor DSLRs, wide-angle lenses have smaller angles of view equivalent to those of longer-focal-length lenses on 35&nbsp;mm film cameras. For example, a 24&nbsp;mm lens on a camera with a [[crop factor]] of 1.5 has a 62° diagonal angle of view, the same as that of a 36&nbsp;mm lens on a 35&nbsp;mm film camera. On a full-frame digital camera, the 24&nbsp;mm lens has the same 84° angle of view as it would on a 35&nbsp;mm film camera.

If the same lens is used on both full-frame and cropped formats, and the subject distance is adjusted to have the same ''field'' of view (i.e., the same framing of the subject) in each format, [[depth of field]] (DoF) is in inverse proportion to the format sizes, so for the same ''f''-number, the full-frame format will have less DoF. Equivalently, for the same DoF, the full-frame format will require a larger ''f''-number (that is, a smaller aperture diameter). This relationship is approximate and holds for moderate subject distances, breaking down as the distance with the smaller format approaches the hyperfocal distance, and as the magnification with the larger format approaches the macro range.
{{multiple image
   | direction = vertical
   | width     = 
   | align     = right
   | footer    = Two photographs with the same lens and ISO, but a different sensor size: upon zooming in (insets), one notices there is less noise in the bottom picture (full-frame sensor - Canon EOS 6D) than in the top one (smaller sensor - EOS 7D Mark II). 
   | image1    = Image noise Canon EOS 7D Mark II.jpg
   | image2    = Image noise Canon EOS 6D.jpg}}

There are optical quality implications as well—not only because the image from the lens is effectively cropped—but because many lens designs are now optimized for sensors smaller than {{nowrap|36 mm × 24 mm}}. The rear element of any SLR lens must have clearance for the camera's reflex mirror to move up when the shutter is released;  with a wide-angle lens, this requires a [[Angénieux retrofocus|retrofocus]] design, which is generally of inferior optical quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.camerarepair.com/Retrofocus-Design-Problems-A-Synopsis-T37.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103050721/http://www.camerarepair.com/Retrofocus-Design-Problems-A-Synopsis-T37.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-01-03 |title=Retrofocus Design Problems: A Synopsis |publisher=Camerarepair.com |access-date=2010-12-30 }}</ref> Because a cropped-format sensor can have a smaller mirror, less clearance is needed, and some lenses, such as the [[Canon EF-S lens mount|EF-S]] lenses for the Canon [[APS-C]] sized bodies,<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.canon.com/camera-museum/history/canon_story/2001_2004/2001_2004.html
| title = The Canon Camera Story: 2001-2004
| date = November 2004
| access-date = 2009-09-26
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090709152829/http://www.canon.com/camera-museum/history/canon_story/2001_2004/2001_2004.html
| archive-date = 9 July 2009
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> are designed with a shorter [[Back focal distance|back-focus distance]]; however, they cannot be used on bodies with larger sensors.

The full-frame sensor can also be useful with wide-angle [[Perspective control lens|perspective control]] or [[tilt-shift lens|tilt/shift]] lenses; in particular, the wider angle of view is often more suitable for [[architectural photography]].

While full-frame DSLRs offer advantages for wide-angle photography, smaller-sensor DSLRs offer some advantages for [[telephoto]] photography because the smaller angle of view of small-sensor DSLRs enhances the telephoto effect of the lenses. For example, a 200&nbsp;mm lens on a camera with a crop factor of 1.5× has the same angle of view as a 300&nbsp;mm lens on a full-frame camera. The extra "reach", for a given number of pixels, can be helpful in specific areas of photography such as wildlife or sports.<ref>{{cite book
 | title = Digital Nature Photography: The Art and the Science
 | author = Barbara Gerlach
 | publisher = Focal Press
 | year = 2007
 | isbn = 978-0-240-80856-7
 | page = 67
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=iNrWzL_NpWkC&q=%22reach%22+crop-factor&pg=PA67
 }}</ref>

Lower size sensors also allow for the use of a wider range of lenses, since some types of optical impurities (specifically vignetting) are most visible around the edge of the lens. By only using the center of the lens, these impurities are not noticed. In practice, this allows for the use of lower cost lenses without corresponding loss of quality.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bourne|first=Scott|title=Seven Myths About the Need for Full Frames|url=http://photofocus.com/2013/03/14/seven-myths-about-the-need-for-full-frame-camera-bodies/|access-date=15 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214165448/https://photofocus.com/2013/03/14/seven-myths-about-the-need-for-full-frame-camera-bodies/|archive-date=14 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Finally, full frame sensors allow for sensor designs that result in lower noise levels at high ISO <ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/image-comparison?attr18=daylight&attr13_0=canon_eos6dmkii&attr13_1=nikon_d7500&attr13_2=canon_eos6dmkii&attr13_3=nikon_d7500&attr15_0=raw&attr15_1=raw&attr15_2=jpeg&attr15_3=jpeg&attr16_0=6400&attr16_1=6400&attr16_2=6400&attr16_3=100&normalization=full&widget=1&x=-0.4332852706299912&y=-0.7468278039118594
| title = Studio shot comparison
| date = November 2019
| access-date = 2019-02-06
}}</ref> and a greater dynamic range in captured images. Pixel density is lower on full frame sensors. This means the pixels can be either spaced further apart from each other, or each photodiode can be manufactured at a slightly larger size. Larger pixel sizes can capture more light which has the advantage of allowing more light to be captured before over saturation of the photodiode. Additionally, less noise is generated by adjacent pixels and their emf fields with larger photodiodes or greater spacing between photodiodes. For a given number of pixels, the larger sensor allows for larger pixels or photosites that provide wider dynamic range and lower noise at high ISO levels.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.photocrati.com/q-a-are-full-frame-sensor-cameras-the-best-bet-for-a-serious-amateur/ |title=Full-frame sensors |date=11 May 2009 |publisher=Photocrati |access-date=2010-12-30}}</ref> As a consequence, full-frame DSLRs may produce better quality images in certain high contrast or low light situations.

Production costs for a full-frame sensor can exceed twenty times the costs for an APS-C sensor.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} Only 20 full-frame sensors will fit on an {{convert|8|in|mm|adj=on}} silicon wafer, and [[Semiconductor device fabrication|yield]] is comparatively low because the sensor's large area makes it very vulnerable to contaminants—20 evenly distributed defects could theoretically ruin an entire wafer.  Additionally, when full-frame sensors were first produced, they required three separate exposures during the [[photolithography]] stage, tripling the number of masks and exposure processes.<ref name=canon-wp>{{cite press release
| url = http://www.usa.canon.com/uploadedimages/FCK/Image/White%20Papers/Canon_CMOS_WP.pdf
| title = Canon's Full-Frame CMOS Sensors: The Finest Tools for Digital Photography
| date = 2006
| access-date = 2009-12-26
| publisher = [[Canon (company)|Canon]]
| archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20101010173138/http://www.usa.canon.com/uploadedimages/FCK/Image/White%20Papers/Canon_CMOS_WP.pdf
| archive-date = 2010-10-10
}}</ref> Modern photolithography equipment now allows single-pass exposures for full-frame sensors, but other size-related production constraints remain much the same.

Some full-frame DSLRs intended mainly for professional use include more features than typical consumer-grade DSLRs, so some of their larger dimensions and increased mass result from more rugged construction and additional features as opposed to this being an inherent consequence of the full-frame sensor.

==Past and present full-frame DSLRs==

===DSLRs===
* [[Canon EOS-1Ds]] (2002)
* [[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II]] (2004)
* [[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark III]] (2007)
* [[Canon EOS-1D X]] (2012)<ref>{{cite press release|title=Canon U.S.A. Introduces The New Canon EOS-1D X Digital SLR Camera, Re-Designed From The Inside Out|date=October 18, 2011|publisher=Canon U.S.A.|url=http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/about_canon?pageKeyCode=pressreldetail&docId=0901e024803b812e|access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref>
* [[Canon EOS-1D X Mark II]] (February 2, 2016)
* [[Canon EOS-1D X Mark III]] (January 2020)
* [[Canon EOS 5D]] (2005)
* [[Canon EOS 5D Mark II]] (2008)
* [[Canon EOS 5D Mark III]] (2 March  2012)
* [[Canon EOS 5Ds|Canon EOS 5Ds / 5Ds R]] (February 6, 2015)
* [[Canon EOS 5D Mark IV]] (August 2016)
* [[Canon EOS 6D]] (17 September 2012)<ref>{{cite press release|title=Canon Announces Its Smallest and Lightest Full-Frame Digital SLR Camera For Serious Photographers|date=September 17, 2012|publisher=Canon U.S.A., Inc.|url=http://usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/news_events/press_releases?pageKeyCode=pressreldetail&docId=0901e0248065d8c4|access-date=September 17, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Canon EOS 6D Mark II]] (30 June 2017)
*[[Contax N Digital]] (2002)

* [[Kodak DCS Pro 14n]] (2003)

* [[Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c]] (2004)
* [[Kodak DCS Pro SLR/n]] (2004)[[File:D6-logo.svg|thumb|300x300px|The [[Nikon D6]] is Nikon's flagship full-frame DSLR]]
*[[Nikon D3]] (2007)
* [[Nikon D3X]] (2008)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.nikonusa.com/2008/11/nikon_unveils_a_digital_master.php|title=Nikon D3x press announcement as of November 30th, 2008|date=2008-11-30|publisher=Press.nikonusa.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110041651/http://press.nikonusa.com/2008/11/nikon_unveils_a_digital_master.php|archive-date=2011-01-10}}</ref>
* [[Nikon D3S]] (2009)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://press.nikonusa.com/2009/10/the_imaging_evolution_continue.php |title=Nikon D3s press announcement as of October 14th, 2009 |publisher=Press.nikonusa.com |date=2009-10-14 |access-date=2010-12-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110032225/http://press.nikonusa.com/2009/10/the_imaging_evolution_continue.php |archive-date=2011-01-10 }}</ref>
* [[Nikon D4]] (2012)<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://press.nikonusa.com/post/2012/01/05/when-there-is-no-second-chance-the-new-nikon-fx-format-d4-multi-media-digital-slr-is-the-definitive-unification-of-speed-and-precision/ |title=When There Is No Second Chance: The New Nikon FX-Format D4 Multi-Media Digital SLR is The Definitive Unification Of Speed And Precision |publisher=Nikon Inc. |date=January 5, 2012 |access-date=January 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816053405/http://www.nikonusa.com/About-Nikon/Press-Room/Press-Release/h1jhd6hh/When-There-Is-No-Second-Chance:-The-New-Nikon-FX-Format-D4-Multi-Media-Digital-SLR-is-The-Definitive-Unification-Of-Speed-And-Precision.html |archive-date=August 16, 2012 }}</ref>
* [[Nikon D4S]] (February 24, 2014)
* [[Nikon D5]] (January 6, 2016)
*[[Nikon D6]] (February 11, 2020)
* [[Nikon D800]]<ref>{{cite press release|title=Expectations Surpassed: The 36.3-Megapixel Nikon D800 Is The Multimedia HD-SLR That Shatters Conventional Resolution Barriers For Maximum Fidelity|date=February 6, 2012|publisher=Nikon Inc.|url=http://press.nikonusa.com/post/2012/02/06/expectations-surpassed-the-36-3-megapixel-nikon-d800-is-the-multimedia-hd-slr-that-shatters-conventional-resolution-barriers-for-maximum-fidelity/|access-date=February 7, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830121517/http://www.canon.ru/For%5FHome/Product%5FFinder/Cameras/Digital%5FSLR/EOS%5F7D/|archive-date=August 30, 2011}}</ref> / [[Nikon D800E]] (2012)
* [[Nikon D810]] (June 26, 2014)
* [[Nikon D850]] (August 24, 2017)
* [[Nikon Df]] (5 November 2013)<ref>{{cite press release|title=Fall in Love Again: New Df D-SLR is Undeniably a Nikon with Legendary Performance and Timeless Design|date=November 4, 2013|publisher=Nikon Inc.|url=http://www.nikonusa.com/en/About-Nikon/Press-Room/Press-Release/hndp8ist/Fall-in-Love-Again%3A-New-Df-D-SLR-is-Undeniably-a-Nikon-with-Legendary-Performance-and-Timeless-Design.html|access-date=November 5, 2013}}<!--The official announcement was on November 5 in Japan; the US announcement came late in the evening of November 4 due to time zone differences.--></ref>
* [[Nikon D700]] (2008)
* [[Nikon D750]] (September 12, 2014)
*[[Nikon D780]] (January 2020)
* [[Nikon D600]] (13 September 2012)<ref>{{cite press release|title=Performance that Fuels the Passion: The New Nikon D600 Puts FX-Format in Focus for Photo Enthusiasts|date=September 13, 2012|publisher=Nikon Inc.|url=http://www.nikonusa.com/About-Nikon/Press-Room/Press-Release/h6tve4go/Performance-that-Fuels-the-Passion%3A-The-New-Nikon-D600-Puts-FX-Format-in-Focus-for-Photo-Enthusiasts.html|access-date=September 13, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Nikon D600#Nikon D610|Nikon D610]] (8 October 2013)<ref>{{cite press release|title=Concentrate on the Clarity: The New Nikon D610 FX-Format D-SLR Places Emphasis on the Image Making Experience|date=October 8, 2013|publisher=Nikon Inc.|url=http://www.nikonusa.com/en/About-Nikon/Press-Room/Press-Release/hm12ju4m/Concentrate-on-the-Clarity%3A-The-New-Nikon-D610-FX-Format-D-SLR-Places-Emphasis-on-the-Image-Making-Experience.html|access-date=October 8, 2013}}</ref>
[[File:Pentax K1 Mk2 jm61673.jpg|thumb|306x306px|The [[Pentax K-1 II]] is Pentax's flagship full-frame DSLR]]
*[[Pentax K-1]] (February 18, 2016)
* [[Pentax K-1#K-1 II|Pentax K-1 II]] (February 21, 2018)
*[[Sony Alpha 900|Sony α DSLR-A900]] (2008)
* [[Sony Alpha 850|Sony α DSLR-A850]] (2009)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.sel.sony.com/en/press_room/consumer/digital_imaging/digital_cameras/dslr/release/41559.html |title=Sony α DSLR-A850 press announcement as of August 27th, 2009 |publisher=News.sel.sony.com |date=2009-08-27 |access-date=2010-12-30 |archive-date=2011-07-16  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716105157/http://news.sel.sony.com/en/press_room/consumer/digital_imaging/digital_cameras/dslr/release/41559.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Sony Alpha 99|Sony α SLT-A99 / Sony α SLT-A99V]] (12 September 2012)<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://presscentre.sony.eu/content/detail.aspx?ReleaseID=8033&NewsAreaId=2 |title=Sony introduces full-frame α99 |publisher=Sony |date=September 12, 2012 |access-date=September 17, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917035111/http://presscentre.sony.eu/content/Detail.aspx?ReleaseID=8033&NewsAreaID=2 |archive-date=17 September 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (utilizing a semi-transparent [[Sony SLT camera|SLT]] mirror)
* [[Sony α99 II|Sony α ILCA-99M2]] (2016)

The [[Nikon E series#Nikon E2/E2S|Nikon E2/E2s]] (1994),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/htmls/models/digitalSLRs/E2E2s/index.htm |title=Technical information on Nikon E2/E2s and Fujifilm Fujix DS-505/DS-515 at MIR - Photography in Malaysia |publisher=Mir.com.my |access-date=2010-12-30}}</ref> [[Nikon E series#Nikon E2N/E2NS|E2N/E2NS]] (1996)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/htmls/models/digitalSLRs/E2NE2Ns/index.htm |title=Technical information on Nikon E2N/E2Ns and Fujifilm Fujix DS-505A/DS-515A at MIR - Photography in Malaysia |publisher=Mir.com.my |access-date=2010-12-30}}</ref> and [[Nikon E series#Nikon E3/E3S|E3/E3S]] (1998)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/htmls/models/digitalSLRs/E3E3s/index.htm |title=Technical information on Nikon E3/E3s and Fujifilm Fujix DS-560/DS-565 at MIR - Photography in Malaysia |publisher=Mir.com.my |access-date=2010-12-30}}</ref> digital SLRs as well as the similar Fujifilm Fujix DS-505/DS-515, DS-505A/DS-515A and DS-560/DS-565 models used a reduction optical system (ROS) to compress a full-frame 35&nbsp;mm field onto a smaller [[image sensor format|2/3-inch]] (11&nbsp;mm diagonal) [[Charge-coupled device|CCD imager]]. They were therefore not digital SLRs with full-frame sensors, however had an [[angle of view]] equivalent to full-frame digital SLRs for a given lens; they had no crop factor with respect to angle of view.<ref>Jarle Aasland, [http://www.nikonweb.com/e2n/ Nikon E2N], NikonWeb.com.</ref>

The first full-frame DSLR cameras were developed in Japan from around 2000 to 2002: the [[Pentax MZ-D|MZ-D]] by [[Pentax]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dpreview.com/opinion/4721880615/the-long-difficult-road-to-pentax-full-frame|title=The long, difficult road to Pentax full-frame|website=dpreview.com}}</ref> the [[Contax N Digital|N Digital]] by [[Contax]]'s Japanese R6D team,<ref name="bjp">''[[British Journal of Photography]]'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=uk9WAAAAMAAJ Issues 7410-7422], 2003, page 2</ref> and the [[Canon EOS-1Ds|EOS-1Ds]] by [[Canon Inc.|Canon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/7466980622/canoneos1ds|title=Canon EOS-1Ds, 11 megapixel full-frame CMOS|website=dpreview.com}}</ref>

Nikon has designated its full frame cameras as ''FX'' format and its smaller sensor interchangeable-lens camera formats as [[Nikon DX format|''DX'']] and [[Nikon CX format|''CX'']].

===Other technologies===
* [[Sony Handycam NEX-VG900]] (announced September 2012) – a 35mm<!-- 24×36 mm, not "super 35mm" --> full-frame video camera (also capable to shoot hi-resolution photos) with interchangeable lenses ([[Sony E-mount]])
* [[Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1]] (announced September 2012) and [[Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1R]] (announced June 2013) – full-frame compact cameras with fixed lens
* [[Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1R II]] – full-frame compact camera with fixed lens from 2015

==Features of some full frame DSLR cameras==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
!Brand
!Model name
![[Image sensor format|Sensor size]]
!Effective [[Megapixel|megapixels]]
![[Lens mount]]
!{{tooltip|2=(% of the frame)|[[Viewfinder]] coverage}}
![[Metering mode|Metering]] zones
![[Autofocus|Focus]] points
!Lowest [[Film speed|ISO]]
!Highest [[Film speed|ISO]]
! data-sort-type="number" |{{tooltip|2=(sensor) overall score|[[DxO Labs|DxO]] score}}
!{{tooltip|2=Noise levels: what is the highest ISO level that still gives a specific print quality?|DxO [[Film speed|ISO]]}}<ref>ISO value, at which the noise starts to disturb the photo. Unit: ISO. More at [http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/About/Sensor-scores/Use-Case-Scores DxOMark - Use Case Scores] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003031906/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/About/Sensor-scores/Use-Case-Scores |date=2013-10-03  }}</ref>
!{{tooltip|2=(fps)|[[Burst mode (photography)|Cont. shtg]]}}
!{{tooltip|2=(inch)|LCD size}}
!LCD articulation method
![[Live view]]
!Movie mode
!{{tooltip|2=storage|[[Memory card]]}}
!Video
!{{tooltip|2=(W x H x D)|Dimensions (mm)}}
!Weight (g; incl. Battery?)<ref>Data taken from specification pages of [http://www.dpreview.com/camerareviews/?category=slrs&order=rating Digital Photography Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614001131/http://www.dpreview.com/camerareviews/?category=slrs&order=rating|date=2012-06-14}} review pages (usually page #2 of given camera review), e.g. [http://www.dpreview.com/reviews/nikond7000/page2.asp here] for a Nikon D3000</ref>
!Announced (date)
!Reference
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS 5D Mark IV|5D Mark IV]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|30.1
|EF
|100
|252
|61
|50
|102,400
|91
|2995
|7
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]+[[SD Card|SD]]
|
|150.7×116.4×75.9
|890
| align="right" |{{dts|Aug 2016}}
|[http://www.canon.co.uk/cameras/eos-5d-mark-iv/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>]
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS-1D X Mark II|1D X Mark II]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|20.2
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|100
|216
|61
|50
|409,600
|88
|3207
|14
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]+[[CompactFlash#CFast|CFast]]
|
|158x168x83
|1530
| align="right" |{{dts|Feb 2016}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-1Dx-Mark-II] [https://downloads.canon.com/nw/camera/products/eos/1d-x-mark-ii/specifications/canon-eos-1dx-mkii-specification-chart.pdf]
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS-1D X|1D X]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|18.1
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|100
|252
|61
|50
|204,800
|82
|2786
|14
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] (2x)
|
|158x164x83
|1530
| align="right" |{{dts|Oct 2011}}
|[https://archive.today/20130208041344/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-1Dx] [http://usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_1d_x#Specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124045733/http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_1d_x#Specifications |date=2011-11-24  }}
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark III|1Ds Mark III]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|21.1
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|100
|63
|45
|50
|3,200
|80
|1663
|5
|3
|None
|yes
|no
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]+[[Secure Digital|SD]]
|
|150x160x80
|1205
| align="right" |{{dts|Aug 2007}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-1Ds-Mark-III] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628043646/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-1Ds-Mark-III |date=2010-06-28  }}[http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_1ds_mark_iii#Specifications]
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS 5D Mark III|5D Mark III]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|22.3
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|100
|63
|61
|50
|102,400
|81
|2293
|6
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]+[[Secure Digital|SD]]
|
|152x117x77
|950 (860 without battery)
| align="right" |{{dts|Mar 2012}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Publications/DxOMark-Reviews/Canon-5D-Mark-III-Review/Sensor-performance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430184759/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Publications/DxOMark-Reviews/Canon-5D-Mark-III-Review/Sensor-performance |date=2012-04-30  }}[http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_5d_mark_iii#Specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103132744/http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_5d_mark_iii#Specifications |date=2015-11-03  }}
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS 5D Mark II|5D Mark II]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|21.1
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|98
|35
|9
|50
|25,600
|79
|1815
|3.9
|3
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]
|
|152x114x75
|810
| align="right" |{{dts|Sep 2008}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-5D-Mark-II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814175532/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Camera-Sensor/All-tested-sensors/Canon/EOS-5D-Mark-II |date=2010-08-14  }}[http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_5d_mark_ii#Specifications]
|-
|[[Canon Inc.|Canon]]
|[[Canon EOS 6D|6D]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|20.2
|[[Canon EF lens mount|EF]]
|97
|63
|11
|50
|102,400
|82
|2340
|4.5
|3
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SD]]
|
|145x111x71
|755 (680 without battery)
| align="right" |{{dts|Sep 2012}}
|[http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_6d#Specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031085117/http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/consumer/products/cameras/slr_cameras/eos_6d#Specifications |date=2015-10-31  }}
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D5|D5]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|20.8
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|180,000
|153
|50
|3,280,000
|88
|2434
|12
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SD]] (2x) or [[XQD card|XQD]] (2x)
|2160p30
|160x159x92
|1405(with battery)
| align="right" |{{dts|Feb 2017}}
|[https://imaging.nikon.com/lineup/dslr/d5/spec.htm]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D4|D4]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|16.2
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|91,000
|51
|50
|204800
|89
|2965
|11
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] + [[XQD card|XQD]]
|
|160x157x91
|1180 (without battery)
| align="right" |{{dts|Jan 2012}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Publications/DxOMark-Reviews/Nikon-D4-review/Sensor-performance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322153054/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Publications/DxOMark-Reviews/Nikon-D4-review/Sensor-performance |date=2012-03-22  }} [http://www.nikonusa.com/Nikon-Products/Product/Digital-SLR-Cameras/25482/D4.html#tab-ProductDetail-ProductTabs-TechSpecs]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D3X|D3X]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24.4
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|1,005
|51
|50
|6,400
|88
|1992
|5
|3
|None
|yes
|no
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] (2x)
|
|160x157x88
|1220
| align="right" |{{dts|Dec 2008}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D3X] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802124238/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D3X |date=2013-08-02  }}[https://web.archive.org/web/20081202073617/http://www.nikonusa.com/Find-Your-Nikon/Product/Digital-SLR/25442/D3X.html]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D3S|D3S]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|12.1
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|1,005
|51
|100
|102,400
|82
|3253
|9
|3
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] (2x)
|
|160x157x88
|1246
| align="right" |{{dts|Oct 2009}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D3s] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801023156/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D3s |date=2013-08-01  }}[https://web.archive.org/web/20100920074740/http://www.nikonusa.com/Find-Your-Nikon/Product/Digital-SLR/25466/D3S.html]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D850|D850]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|45.7
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|180,000
|153
|64 (32 with expansion) 
|25,600
|100
|2660
|{{tooltip|2=(9 with battery grip)|7}}
|3.2
|Tilting
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] + [[XQD card|XQD]]
|2160p30
|146x124x79
|1005
| align="right" |{{dts|Oct 2017}}
|[https://www.dxomark.com/Cameras/Nikon/D850]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D810|D810]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|36.3
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|91,000
|51
|64
|51,200
|
|
|5
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] + [[Secure Digital|SD]]
|1920p60
|146x123x82
|980
|
|[https://imaging.nikon.com/lineup/dslr/d810/spec.htm]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D800|D800]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|36.3
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|91,000
|51
|50
|25,600
|{{tooltip|2=96 (D800E)|95}}
|{{tooltip|2=2979 (D800E)|2853}}
|4
|3.2
|None
|yes
|yes
|[[CompactFlash|CF]] + [[Secure Digital|SD]]
|
|145x122x82
|900 (without battery)
| align="right" |{{dts|Feb 2012}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D800] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328064315/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D800 |date=2012-03-28  }} [http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D800E] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120624072153/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D800E |date=2012-06-24  }} [http://www.nikonusa.com/Nikon-Products/Product/Digital-SLR-Cameras/25480/D800.html#tab-ProductDetail-ProductTabs-TechSpecs]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D780|D780]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24.3
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|91,000
|51
|100
|51,200
|
|
|7
|3.2
|Tilting
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SDXC]] (2x)
|
|143.4x115.5x76
|840 incl. Batt.
|Jan 2020
|
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D750|D750]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|91,000
|51
|100
|12,800
|93
|2956
|6.5
|3.2
|Tilting
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SD]] (x2)
|
|141x113x78
|840 incl. Batt.
| align="right" |{{dts|Sept 2014}}
|[https://www.dxomark.com/nikon-d750-sensor-review-another-nikon-sensor-in-the-dxomark-top-10/][https://www.nikonusa.com/en/nikon-products/product/dslr-cameras/d750.html]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D700|D700]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|12.1
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|95
|1,005
|51
|100
|25,600
|80
|2303
|5
|3
|
|yes
|no
|[[CompactFlash|CF]]
|
|147x123x77
|995
| align="right" |{{dts|Jul 2008}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D700] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801045449/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D700 |date=2013-08-01  }}[https://web.archive.org/web/20100830152350/http://www.nikonusa.com/Find-Your-Nikon/Product/Digital-SLR/25444/d700.html]
|-
|[[Nikon]]
|[[Nikon D600|D600]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24.3
|[[Nikon F-mount|F-mount]]
|100
|2,016
|39
|50
|25,600
|94
|2980
|5.5
|3.2
|
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SD]] (x2)
|
|141x113x82
|850 incl. Batt.
| align="right" |{{dts|Sep 2012}}
|[http://www.nikonusa.com/Nikon-Products/Product/Digital-SLR-Cameras/25488/D600.html] [http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D600] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916001314/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D600 |date=2012-09-16  }}
|-
|[[Pentax]]
|[[Pentax K-1|K-1]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|36.3
|[[Pentax K mount|K mount]]
|100
|86,000
|33
|100
|204,800
|96
|3280
|4.4
|3.2
|[[Articulating screen|Cross-tilt]]
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SDXC]] (2x)
|1080p30
|136.5x110x85.5
|1010 incl. Batt.
| align="right" |{{dts|Sep 2016}}
|[https://www.dxomark.com/Cameras/Pentax/K-1][http://www.ricoh-imaging.co.jp/english/products/k-1/]
|-
|[[Pentax]]
|[[Pentax K-1|K-1]] II
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|36.3
|[[Pentax K mount|K mount]]
|100
|86,000
|33
|100
|204,800
|96
|3280
|4.4
|3.2
|[[Articulating screen|Cross-tilt]]
|yes
|yes
|[[Secure Digital|SDXC]] (2x)
|1080p30
|136.5x110x85.5
|1010 incl. Batt.
|{{dts|Feb 2018}}
|
|-
|[[Sony]]
|[[Sony Alpha 900|Alpha 900]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24.6
|[[Minolta AF|Sony α/Minolta A]]
|100
|40
|9
|100
|6400
|79
|1431
|5
|3
|
|no
|no
|[[CompactFlash|CF]], [[Memory Stick|MS]]
|
|156x117x82
|895 incl. Batt.
| align="right" |{{dts|Sep 2008}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Sony/Alpha-900] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926234411/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Sony/Alpha-900 |date=2013-09-26  }}
[http://www.sony.co.uk/product/dsd-body/dslr-a900#pageType=TechnicalSpecs]
|-
|[[Sony]]
|[[Sony Alpha 850|Alpha 850]]
|[[Full-frame digital SLR|Full frame]]
|24.6
|[[Minolta AF|Sony α/Minolta A]]
|98
|40
|9
|100
|6400
|79
|1415
|3
|3
|
|no
|no
|[[CompactFlash|CF]], [[Memory Stick|MS]]
|
|156x117x82
|895
| align="right" |{{dts|Aug 2009}}
|[http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Sony/Alpha-850] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926233838/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Sony/Alpha-850 |date=2013-09-26  }}[http://www.sony.co.uk/product/dsd-body/dslr-a850#pageType=TechnicalSpecs]
|- class="sortbottom"
!Brand
!Model name
![[Image sensor format|Sensor size]]
!Effective [[Megapixel|megapixels]]
![[Lens mount]]
![[Viewfinder]] coverage (% of the frame)
![[Metering mode|Metering]] zones
![[Autofocus|Focus]] points
!Lowest [[Film speed|ISO]]
!Highest [[Film speed|ISO]]
!DxOMark [[Image sensor|sensor]] score
!DxO [[Film speed|ISO]] performance<ref>ISO value, at which the noise starts to disturb the photo. Unit: ISO. More at [http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Learn-more/Understanding-DxOMark-Scores/Sensor-Scores/Use-Case-Scores#Sports DxOMark Sensor Scores - Sports & action photography: Low-Light ISO] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720022303/http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Learn-more/Understanding-DxOMark-Scores/Sensor-Scores/Use-Case-Scores#Sports|date=2013-07-20}}</ref>
![[Continuous shooting|Cont. shtg]] (fps)
!LCD size (in)
!LCD articulation method
![[Live view]]
!Movie mode
![[Memory card]] type
!Video
!Dimensions (mm)
!Weight (g)<ref>Please specify if battery and card included! Data taken from specification pages of [http://www.dpreview.com/camerareviews/?category=slrs&order=rating Digital Photography Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614001131/http://www.dpreview.com/camerareviews/?category=slrs&order=rating|date=2012-06-14}} review pages (usually page #2 of given camera review), e.g. [http://www.dpreview.com/reviews/nikond7000/page2.asp here] for a Nikon D3000</ref>
!Announced (date)
!Reference
|}

==Prototype full-frame digital SLRs==
* [[Pentax MZ-D]] "MR-52" (presented in 2000, based on [[Pentax MZ-S]], with the same sensor as Contax N, it never went into production)<ref>Asahi Optical Historical Club (2001) ''[http://www.aohc.it/pressrelease/MR52e.htm "MR-52" 6 Megapixel digital SLR] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228134634/http://www.aohc.it/pressrelease/MR52e.htm |date=2009-02-28 }}''</ref>
* [[Sony Alpha]] flagship model "CX62500" (presented at PMA 2007, early prototype of what one-and-a-half years later became the [[Sony Alpha 900|DSLR-A900]] (aka "CX85100"), though with many detail differences)<ref>{{cite web|author=&ndash; Charlie White |url=https://gizmodo.com/242663/pma-07-breaking-sony-alpha-flagship-first-pics |title=Charlie White's Gizmodo PMA March 8th, 2007 report on Sony press announcement in regard to Sony Alpha flagship model "CX62500" |publisher=Gizmodo.com |date=2007-03-08 |access-date=2010-12-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author-first=Matthias R. |author-last=Paul |title=Sony Alpha CX model codes overview |date=2009-09-30 |language=de  |work=Minolta-Forum |url=http://www.mi-fo.de/forum/index.php?showtopic=18771&view=findpost&p=249551 |access-date=2016-01-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401150359/http://www.mi-fo.de/forum/index.php?showtopic=18771&st=0&p=249551&#entry249551 |archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Full-frame mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera]]
* [[Image sensor format]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Full-frame DSLR cameras}}{{Canon EOS digital cameras}}
{{Nikon DSLR cameras}}
{{Pentax digital interchangeable lens cameras}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Full-Frame Digital SLR}}
[[Category:Digital single-lens reflex cameras]]
[[Category:Digital photography]]
[[Category:Japanese inventions]]
[[Category:Full-frame DSLR cameras| ]]