View source for Fu (kana)

{{More citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox kana
| Hiragana image = Japanese Hiragana kyokashotai HU.svg
| Katakana image = Japanese Katakana kyokashotai HU.svg
| Transliteration = fu, hu
| Transliteration Dakuten = bu
| Transliteration Handakuten = pu
| Hiragana Manyogana = 不
| Katakana Manyogana = 不
| Other Manyogana = 不 否 布 負 部 敷 経 歴
| Dakuten Manyogana = 夫 扶 府 文 柔 歩 部
| Braille = [[File:Japanese Fu Braille.svg|32px|⠭]]
| Unicode = U+3075, U+30D5
| flag1 = 9
| footnote = This mora was historically pronounced as "pu".
|Spelling = 富士山のフ [[Mount Fuji|Fujisan]] no "fu"
}}
{{kana gojuon sidebar}}

'''{{lang|ja|ふ}}''', in [[hiragana]], or '''{{lang|ja|フ}}''' in [[katakana]], is one of the Japanese [[kana]], each of which represents one [[Mora (linguistics)|mora]]. The hiragana is made in four strokes, while the katakana in one. It represents the phoneme {{IPA|/hɯ/}}, although for [[Japanese phonology|phonological reasons]] (general scheme for /h/ group, whose only phonologic survivor to /f/ ([ɸ]) remaining is ふ:   b←p←f→h), the actual pronunciation is {{IPA|ja|ɸɯᵝ||Ja-Fu.oga}}, which is why it is [[Romanization of Japanese|romanized]] ''fu'' in [[Hepburn romanization]] instead of ''hu'' as in [[Nihon-shiki romanization|Nihon-shiki]] and [[Kunrei-shiki romanization|Kunrei-shiki]] rōmaji (Korean 후 /hu/ creates the same phonetic effect as [[Labialization|lips are projected]] when pronouncing "u").  Written with a [[dakuten]] (ぶ, ブ), they both represent a "bu" sound, and written with [[handakuten]] (ぷ, プ) they both represent a "pu" sound.

The katakana フ is frequently combined with other vowels to represent sounds in foreign words.  For example, the word "file" is written in Japanese as ファイル (fairu), with ファ representing a non-native sound, ''fa''.

In certain [[Okinawan writing system]]s, ふ/フ can be written as ふぁ, ふぃ, ふぇ to make both ''fa'', ''fi'', and ''fe'' sounds as well as representing the sounds ''hwa'', ''hwi'', and ''hwe''.  In the Ryukyu University system, fa/hwa is written using the ''wa'' kana instead, ふゎ/フヮ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ryukyu-lang.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/srnh/sign.html|title=首里・那覇方言のかな表記について|language=ja|work=Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary|publisher=[[University of the Ryukyus]]|date=n.d.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211173523/http://ryukyu-lang.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/srnh/sign.html|archive-date=2020-02-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>  In the [[Ainu language#Writing|Ainu language]] the katakana with a handakuten プ can be written as a small ㇷ゚ to represent a final p sound. In the Sakhalin dialect, フ without a handakuten can be written as small ㇷ to represent a final h sound after an ''u'' sound (ウㇷ ''uh'').

{|class="wikitable"
!Forms
![[Rōmaji]]
![[Hiragana]]
![[Katakana]]
!Example words (with [[kanji]])
|-
!rowspan="2"|Normal ''f-''<br>(は行 ''ha-gyō'')
|''fu''
|ふ
|フ
|rowspan="2"|
*ふゆ ''fuyu'' 冬 winter
*ふえる ''fueru'' 増える to grow/increase
*ふつう ''futsū'' 普通 normal
*ふみきり ''fumikiri'' 踏み切り level crossing
*ふとん ''futon'' 布団 quilt/blanket
*ふるえる ''furueru'' 震える to shake
*フランス ''furansu'' France
|-
|''fuu, fwu''<br>''fū''
|ふう, ふぅ<br>ふー
|フウ, フゥ<br>フー
|-
!rowspan="2"|Addition [[dakuten]] ''b-''<br>(ば行 ''ba-gyō'')
|''bu''
|ぶ
|ブ
|rowspan="2"|
*はんぶん ''hanbun'' 半分 half
*かぶ ''kabu'' 株 share/stump
*ぶし ''bushi'' 武士 samurai
*ハーブ ''hābu'' herb
|-
|''buu, bwu''<br>''bū''
|ぶう, ぶぅ<br>ぶー
|ブウ, ブゥ<br>ブー
|-
!rowspan="2"|Addition [[handakuten]] ''p-''<br>(ぱ行 ''pa-gyō'')
|''pu''
|ぷ
|プ
|rowspan="2"|
*きっぷ ''kippu'' 切符 stamp
*おんぷ ''ompu'' 音符 note
|-
|''puu, pwu''<br>''pū''
|ぷう, ぷぅ<br>ぷー
|プウ, プゥ<br>プー
|}

{|class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" |Other additional forms
|-
|
{|align="center" style="background: transparent"
![[Rōmaji]]
![[Hiragana]]
![[Katakana]]
|-
|+'''Form A (''f-/fw-/fy-'')'''
|''fa, fwa''
|ふぁ, ふゎ
|ファ, フヮ
|ファール ''fāru'' foul
|-
|''fi'', ''fwi
|ふぃ
|フィ
|フィンランド ''finrando'' Finland
|-
|''(fwu)''
|(ふぅ)
|(フゥ)
|フリー ''furī'' Free
|-
|''fe, fwe''
|ふぇ
|フェ
|フェルト ''feruto'' felt
|-
|''fo, fwo''
|ふぉ
|フォ
|フォード ''fōdo'' Ford
|-
|''fya''
|ふゃ
|フャ
|
|-
|''fyu''
|ふゅ
|フュ
|
|-
|''fye''
|ふぃぇ
|フィェ
|
|-
|''fyo''
|ふょ
|フョ
|
|}
|
{| align="center" style="background: transparent"
![[Rōmaji]]
![[Hiragana]]
![[Katakana]]
|-
|+'''Form B (b''w-'')'''
|''bwa''
|ぶぁ, ぶゎ
|ブァ, ブヮ
|-
|''bwi''
|ぶぃ
|ブィ
|-
|''(bwu)''
|(ぶぅ)
|(ブゥ)
|-
|''bwe''
|ぶぇ
|ブェ
|-
|''bwo''
|ぶぉ
|ブォ
|}
|
{| align="center" style="background: transparent"
![[Rōmaji]]
![[Hiragana]]
![[Katakana]]
|-
|+'''Form C (p''w-'')'''
|''pwa''
|ぷぁ, ぷゎ
|プァ, プヮ
|-
|''pwi''
|ぷぃ
|プィ
|-
|''(pwu)''
|(ぷぅ)
|(プゥ)
|-
|''pwe''
|ぷぇ
|プェ
|-
|''pwo''
|ぷぉ
|プォ
|}
|}

==Stroke order==
{|
|-
| [[File:Hiragana ふ stroke order animation.gif|thumb|upright|alt=Stroke order in writing ふ|Stroke order in writing ふ]] 3, 4
| [[File:Katakana フ stroke order animation.gif|thumb|upright|alt=Stroke order in writing フ|Stroke order in writing フ]] 1
|}

[[Image:ふ-bw.png|thumb|none|280x60px|Stroke order in writing ふ]]
[[Image:フ-bw.png|thumb|none|280x60px|Stroke order in writing フ]]

==Other communicative representations==
{{Letter reps|lang=Japanese|radio={{lang|ja|富士山のフ}}|radio_trans=Fujisan no "Fu"|morse=--・・ |morse_sound=Z morse code.ogg|flag_img=ICS Zulu.svg|sign_img=FU-jsl-yubimoji.png|sem1=Japanese Semaphore Basic Stroke 9.svg|braille_img=Japanese Fu Braille.svg|braille=⠭}}

* Full Braille representation
{| class="wikitable nowrap" style="text-align:center"
|- 
!colspan=12| ふ / フ in [[Japanese Braille]]
|-
|rowspan=2| ふ / フ <br />'''fu''' ||rowspan=2| ぶ / ブ <br />'''bu''' ||rowspan=2| ぷ / プ <br />'''pu''' ||rowspan=2| ふう / フー <br />'''fū''' ||rowspan=2| ぶう / ブー <br />'''bū''' ||rowspan=2| ぷう / プー <br />'''pū''' ||colspan=6| Other kana based on [[Japanese Braille|Braille]] ふ
|-
| ひゅ / ヒゅ <br />'''hyu''' || びゅ / ビュ <br />'''byu''' || ぴゅ / ピュ <br />'''pyu''' || ひゅう / ヒュー <br />'''hyū''' || びゅう / ビュー <br />'''byū'''|| ぴゅう / ピュー <br />'''pyū'''
|-
|{{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|5|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|6|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|ふ|25}}||{{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|5|ふ|25}}||{{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|6|ふ|25}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|4|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|45|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|46|ふ}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|4|ふ|25}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|45|ふ|25}}|| {{Braille cell|type=kana|size=30px|46|ふ|25}}
|}

* [[Character encoding|Computer encodings]]
{{charmap
|3075|name1=Hiragana Letter Hu
|30D5|name2=Katakana Letter Hu
|FF8C|name3=Halfwidth Katakana Letter Hu
|31F7|name4=Katakana Letter Small Hu
|3076|name5=Hiragana Letter Bu
|map1=[[Shift JIS]] (plain)<ref name="shift_jis-utc">{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/JIS/SHIFTJIS.TXT |title=Shift-JIS to Unicode |author=Unicode Consortium |author-link=Unicode Consortium |date=2015-12-02 |orig-year=1994-03-08 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025220216/http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/JIS/SHIFTJIS.TXT |url-status=live }}</ref>|map1char1=82 D3|map1char2=83 74|map1char3=CC|map1char5=82 D4
|map2=[[Shift JIS-2004]]<ref name="shift-jis-2004">{{cite web |url=http://x0213.org/codetable/sjis-0213-2004-std.txt |title=Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table |date=2009-05-03 |author=Project X0213}}</ref>|map2char1=82 D3|map2char2=83 74|map2char3=CC|map2char4=83 F3|map2char5=82 D4
|map3=[[EUC-JP]] (plain)<ref name="euc-jp-2007">{{cite web |url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/euc-jp-2007.ucm |title=EUC-JP-2007 |author1=Unicode Consortium |author-link1=Unicode Consortium |author2=IBM |author-link2=IBM |work=[[International Components for Unicode]] |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629185519/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/euc-jp-2007.ucm |url-status=live }}</ref>|map3char1=A4 D5|map3char2=A5 D5|map3char3=8E CC|map3char5=A4 D6
|map4=[[EUC-JIS-2004]]<ref name="euc-jis-2004">{{cite web |url=http://x0213.org/codetable/euc-jis-2004-std.txt |title=EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table |date=2009-05-03 |author=Project X0213}}</ref>|map4char1=A4 D5|map4char2=A5 D5|map4char3=8E CC|map4char4=A6 F5|map4char5=A4 D6
|map5=[[GB 18030]]<ref name="gb18030">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GB18030-2005|title=GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set|last=Standardization Administration of China (SAC)|date=2005-11-18}}</ref>|map5char1=A4 D5|map5char2=A5 D5|map5char3=84 31 9A 30|map5char4=81 39 BD 31|map5char5=A4 D6
|map6=[[EUC-KR]]<ref name="euc-kr-ibm970">{{cite web |url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/ibm-970_P110_P110-2006_U2.ucm |title=IBM-970 |author1=Unicode Consortium |author-link1=Unicode Consortium |author2=IBM |author-link2=IBM |work=[[International Components for Unicode]] |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629144650/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unicode-org/icu/master/icu4c/source/data/mappings/ibm-970_P110_P110-2006_U2.ucm |url-status=live }}</ref> / [[Unified Hangul Code|UHC]]<ref name="uhc-ms949">{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP949.TXT |title=cp949 to Unicode table |last=Steele |first=Shawn |publisher=[[Microsoft]] / [[Unicode Consortium]] |date=2000 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615172622/http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP949.TXT |url-status=live }}</ref>|map6char1=AA D5|map6char2=AB D5|map6char5=AA D6
|map7=[[Big5]] ([[Big5#Kana and Cyrillic|non-ETEN kana]])<ref name="big5noneten-utc">{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/OTHER/BIG5.TXT |title=BIG5 to Unicode table (complete) |author=Unicode Consortium |author-link=Unicode Consortium |date=2015-12-02 |orig-year=1994-02-11 |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2023-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627235404/https://unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/OBSOLETE/EASTASIA/OTHER/BIG5.TXT |url-status=live }}</ref>|map7char1=C6 D9|map7char2=C7 6D|map7char5=C6 DA
|map8=[[Big5]] ([[Big5#ETEN extensions|ETEN]] / [[Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set|HKSCS]])<ref name="big5hkscs-html5">{{cite web |url=https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/big5.html |title=big5 |work=Encoding Standard |publisher=[[WHATWG]] |last=van Kesteren |first=Anne |author-link=Anne van Kesteren |access-date=2020-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504184159/https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/big5.html |url-status=live }}</ref>|map8char1=C7 5C|map8char2=C7 D1|map8char5=C7 5D
}}
{{charmap
|30D6|name1=Katakana Letter Bu
|3077|name2=Hiragana Letter Pu
|30D7|name3=Katakana Letter Pu
|31F7 309A|name4=Katakana Letter Ainu P<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NamedSequences.txt |title=Unicode Named Character Sequences |work=Unicode Character Database |author=Unicode Consortium |author-link=Unicode Consortium |access-date=2020-07-15 |archive-date=2020-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711232858/http://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NamedSequences.txt |url-status=live }}</ref>
|32EB|name5=Circled Katakana Hu
|map1=[[Shift JIS]] (plain)<ref name="shift_jis-utc"/>|map1char1=83 75|map1char2=82 D5|map1char3=83 76
|map2=[[Shift JIS-2004]]<ref name="shift-jis-2004"/>|map2char1=83 75|map2char2=82 D5|map2char3=83 76|map2char4=83 F6
|map3=[[EUC-JP]] (plain)<ref name="euc-jp-2007"/>|map3char1=A5 D6|map3char2=A4 D7|map3char3=A5 D7
|map4=[[EUC-JIS-2004]]<ref name="euc-jis-2004"/>|map4char1=A5 D6|map4char2=A4 D7|map4char3=A5 D7|map4char4=A6 F8
|map5=[[GB 18030]]<ref name="gb18030"/>|map5char1=A5 D6|map5char2=A4 D7|map5char3=A5 D7
|map6=[[EUC-KR]]<ref name="euc-kr-ibm970"/> / [[Unified Hangul Code|UHC]]<ref name="uhc-ms949"/>|map6char1=AB D6|map6char2=AA D7|map6char3=AB D7
|map7=[[Big5]] ([[Big5#Kana and Cyrillic|non-ETEN kana]])<ref name="big5noneten-utc"/>|map7char1=C7 6E|map7char2=C6 DB|map7char3=C7 6F
|map8=[[Big5]] ([[Big5#ETEN extensions|ETEN]] / [[Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set|HKSCS]])<ref name="big5hkscs-html5"/>|map8char1=C7 D2|map8char2=C7 5E|map8char3=C7 D3
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Wiktionary|ふ|ぶ|ぷ}}
{{Wiktionary|フ|ブ|プ}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fu (Kana)}}
[[Category:Specific kana]]