View source for Freedom! '90

{{Short description|1990 single by George Michael}}
{{For|the unrelated earlier song by Wham!|Freedom (Wham! song)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox song
| name          = Freedom! '90
| cover         = Gmfreedom.jpg
| type          = single
| artist        = [[George Michael]]
| album         = [[Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1]]
| B-side        =
* "[[Fantasy (George Michael song)|Fantasy]]"
* "Freedom" (Back to Reality mix)
| written       = June 1989<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=[[Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1]]|others=George Michael|year=3 September 1990|type=liner notes|publisher=[[Epic Records]]|id=467295 2|page=4}}</ref>
| released      = {{start date|1990|10|df=y}}
| recorded      =
| genre         =
* [[Pop music|Pop]]<ref name="Breihan 2021">{{cite web|first= Tom |last= Breihan |title= The Number Ones: George Michael's "Praying For Time" |website= [[Stereogum]] |date= 13 October 2021 |url= https://www.stereogum.com/2163309/the-number-ones-george-michaels-praying-for-time/columns/the-number-ones/|access-date= 9 December 2023|quote= 'Freedom! '90' is a glorious pop anthem, equal parts house and gospel and Madchester shuffle...}}</ref>
* [[House music|house]]<ref name="Breihan 2021"/>
* [[breakbeat]]<ref name="Breihan 2021 2">{{cite web|first= Tom |last= Breihan |title= The Number Ones: Stevie B's "Because I Love You (The Postman Song)" |website= [[Stereogum]] |date= 27 October 2021 |url= https://www.stereogum.com/2165124/the-number-ones-stevie-bs-because-i-love-you-the-postman-song/columns/the-number-ones/|access-date= 15 December 2023|quote= George Michael's euphoric 'Freedom! '90', a gospel-infused and breakbeat-driven dissection of the man's own career...}}</ref>
| length        =
* 6:30 (album/video/single edit)
* 4:31 (UK radio edit)
* 5:21 (radio edit)
| label         = [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
| writer        = George Michael
| producer      = George Michael
| prev_title    = [[Waiting for That Day]]
| prev_year     = 1990
| next_title    = [[Heal the Pain]]
| next_year     = 1991
| misc          = {{External music video|{{YouTube|kDXtCEMPsEc|"Freedom! '90"}}}}
}}

"'''Freedom! '90'''" (also known simply as "'''Freedom!'''") is a song written, produced, and performed by English singer-songwriter [[George Michael]], and released by [[Columbia Records]] in October 1990. The {{"'}}90" added to the end of the title is to prevent confusion with a hit by Michael's former band [[Wham!]], also entitled "[[Freedom (Wham! song)|Freedom]]". The song's backing beat is a sample from [[James Brown]]'s song "[[Funky Drummer]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/q/why-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer-is-the-most-important-drum-solo-ever-1.3992128|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|title=Why Clyde Stubblefield's 'Funky Drummer' is the most important drum solo ever|author=Cowie, Del|date=21 February 2017|access-date=14 June 2021|archive-date=22 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222141513/https://www.cbc.ca/radio/q/why-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer-is-the-most-important-drum-solo-ever-1.3992128}}</ref>

It was the third single taken from ''[[Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1]]'' (1990), though released as the second single from the album in the US and Australia. "Freedom! '90" was one of a few uptempo songs on this album. The song refers to Michael's past success with Wham!, yet also shows a new side of himself as a new man, who is more cynical about the music business than ever before.

Michael refused to appear in the music video for the song, directed by [[David Fincher]], and cast a group of supermodels to appear instead. It went into heavy rotation on MTV and was remastered for the 2017 documentary, ''George Michael: Freedom''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJHUtoaJd-E|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/hJHUtoaJd-E|archive-date=21 December 2021|url-status=live|title=George Michael: Freedom - The Film|publisher=georgemichael|via=[[YouTube]]|date=17 October 2017|access-date=2 November 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On 30 October 2020, it premiered on YouTube in 4K for its 30th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc|title=George Michael - Freedom! '90 (Official 4K Video)|publisher=georgemichael|via=[[YouTube]]|date=30 October 2020|access-date=2 November 2020}}</ref> Michael performed this song, alongside his 2012 single "[[White Light (George Michael song)|White Light]]", during the [[2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony#A Symphony of British Music (22:07–23:21)|closing ceremony]] of the [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London Olympics]]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' placed "Freedom! '90" at number 126 in their list of "500 Best Songs of All Time" in 2021.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-songs-of-all-time-1224767/the-supremes-baby-love-3-1224838/|title=500 Best Songs of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=15 September 2021|access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref> ''Billboard'' ranked it number 39 in their "500 Best Pop Songs of All Time" in 2023.<ref name="billboard500bestpopsongs">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/lists/best-pop-songs-all-time-hits/39-george-michael-freedom-90/|title=The 500 Best Pop Songs: Staff List|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=19 October 2023|access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref>

==Personnel==
* [[George Michael]] – lead and backing vocals, bass, percussion
* [[Phil Palmer]] – acoustic and electric guitars
* Chris Cameron – piano, keyboards
* Danny Cummings – percussion
* Shirley Lewis – backing vocals

==Chart performance==
"Freedom! '90" is 6:30 long, but a shorter version was made available for radio consumption. It was the second US single from the album ''[[Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1]]'', and had contrasting fortunes each side of the Atlantic—it peaked at number 28 on the [[UK Singles Chart]], but was a major success on both the US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and US [[Cash Box Top 100|''Cash Box'' Top 100]], reaching number 8 and 7 respectively,<ref>{{cite book|title=Top Pop Singles 1955–2010|year=2011|last=Whitburn|first=Joel|author-link=Joel Whitburn|publisher=Record Research}}</ref><ref name="Whitburn">{{cite book|title=Cash Box Pop Hits: 1952–1996|last=Whitburn|first=Joel|author-link=Joel Whitburn|year=2014|publisher=Record Research}}</ref> selling over 500,000 copies to earn a Gold certification from the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]. In Canada, Michael achieved another chart-topper. As of October 2017, the single sold 83,000 copies in UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/remembering-george-michaels-listen-without-prejudice-vol-1__20742/|work=[[Official Charts Company]]|title=Remembering George Michael's Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1 |date=13 October 2017|access-date=25 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025184029/http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/remembering-george-michaels-listen-without-prejudice-vol-1__20742/|archive-date=25 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Music video==
[[File:David Fincher (2012) 3.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=|[[David Fincher]] directed the music video for "Freedom! '90".]]
By 1990, Michael had become weary of the pressures of fame, telling the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', "At some point in your career, the situation between yourself and the camera reverses. For a certain number of years, you court it and you need it, but ultimately, it needs you more and it's a bit like a relationship. The minute that happens, it turns you off ... and it does feel like it is taking something from you." Accordingly, he decided not to appear in photo shoots and music videos,<ref name=Allure>{{cite web|author=Rogers, Patrick|date=August 2015|url=http://www.allure.com/celebrity-trends/2015/25th-anniversary-george-michael-freedom-video|title=The 25th Anniversary of George Michael's 'Freedom' Music Video|magazine=[[Allure (magazine)|Allure]]|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-date=15 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715113100/http://www.allure.com/celebrity-trends/2015/25th-anniversary-george-michael-freedom-video|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Q>Deevoy, Adrian (September 1990). "Strictly No Admittance: The privatisation of George Michael". ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]''.</ref> saying, "I would like to never step in front of a camera again."<ref name=Q/>

Although he later relented and decided to film a video for his new song, he still refused to appear in it. Instead, inspired by [[Peter Lindbergh]]'s now-iconic portrait of [[Naomi Campbell]], [[Linda Evangelista]], [[Tatjana Patitz]], [[Christy Turlington]], and [[Cindy Crawford]] for the January 1990 cover of the British edition of ''[[Vogue (British magazine)|Vogue]]'', Michael asked the five models to appear in the video. While models appearing in music videos was then commonplace, they usually played the singer's love interest, as with [[Christie Brinkley]]'s appearance [[Billy Joel]]'s "[[Uptown Girl]]" video, or Turlington's appearance in [[Duran Duran]]'s "[[Notorious (Duran Duran song)|Notorious]]" video. For "Freedom! '90", the five models, rather than portraying his on-screen girlfriends, would [[lip sync]] the song in Michael's place.<ref name=Allure/> The video also included male models John Pearson,<ref>{{cite web|author=Trebay, Guy; Bernstein, Jacob|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/fashion/george-michael-freedom-video.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=30 December 2016|title=George Michael's Freedom Video: An Oral History}}</ref> Peter Formby, [[Rafael Edholm]],<ref>{{cite web|author=Zelig, Leonard|url=https://thefincheranalyst.com/2020/10/31/george-michael-freedom-90-official-4k-video/|publisher=The Fincher Analyst|date=31 October 2020|access-date=14 June 2021|title=George Michael – Freedom! '90 (Official 4K Video)}}</ref> and fashion photographer [[Mario Sorrenti]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Rogers, Patrick; Paynych, Sophia Panych|url=https://www.allure.com/gallery/george-michael-freedom-video-behind-the-scenes|title=Behind George Michael's "Freedom! '90" Video: All the Secrets You Never Knew|magazine=[[Allure (magazine)|Allure]]|date=26 December 2016|access-date=14 June 2021}}</ref>

Evangelista took some persuading before agreeing to appear in the video, saying, "He thought it would make us into a big deal, that it would be good for us. I was like, 'Please, we're here. We've already arrived!'" After speaking with Michael, she was convinced, and rearranged her schedule. In a 2015 ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'' article, Evangelista reflected on her decision positively, saying, "Little did I know that to this day, when someone meets me for the first time, they bring up that video. That's what they remember. So yeah, George was right." An initial disagreement over their salaries was resolved when Annie Veltri, who represented Crawford, Evangelista, Campbell, and Patitz at [[Elite Model Management]], clarified that all of her clients would be compensated equally, at $15,000 a day.<ref name=Allure/>

The video was directed by [[David Fincher]], who had also directed videos by [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], [[Billy Idol]], [[Aerosmith]], and [[Paula Abdul]] (who choreographed George Michael's Faith Tour). His team for the multi-day "Freedom! '90" shoot included [[Camilla Nickerson]], who later became a ''Vogue'' contributing editor, as the clothes stylist, hair stylist [[Guido Palau|Guido]] and makeup artist Carol Brown. Cinematographer [[Mike Southon (cinematographer)|Mike Southon]] shot the video in a vast building in the [[London Borough of Merton]] that Nickerson says exhibited "a grandeur and a ''[[Blade Runner]]'' feel". Despite not appearing in the video, Michael was on set.<ref name=Allure/>

The 92-sketch storyboard called for each model to film on separate days, except for Evangelista and Turlington, who appear in a scene together. Each model was assigned a verse to lip-synch, while for the song's chorus, Fincher envisioned the three iconic items from Michael's 1987 music video "[[Faith (George Michael song)|Faith]]" that had come to symbolize his public image at the time: his leather jacket, a [[Wurlitzer]] jukebox, and guitar, exploding in a ball of flame, except the leather jacket, at each occurrence of the word "freedom" during the chorus. Before the chorus, the leather jacket was simply ignited and burned. Whereas "Faith" had opened with a jukebox [[phonograph]] needle touching a vinyl record, "Freedom! '90" opens with a [[compact disc]] player's laser beam reading a CD,<ref name=Allure/> after Evangelista turns on the CD player. In a 2004 interview with [[Adam Mattera]] for ''[[Attitude (magazine)|Attitude]]'' magazine, Michael reflected on the significance of the video's symbolism: "By the end of the ''Faith'' tour I was so miserable because I absolutely knew that I was gay... I didn't suddenly want to come out. I wanted to do it with some kind of dignity. So I thought 'okay, you have to start deconstructing this whole image.'"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://attitude.co.uk/article/george-michael-discusses-open-relationships-in-frank-2004-attitude-interview-part-3-1/13320/|title=George Michael's candid 2004 interview with Attitude|publisher=Attitude|access-date=26 June 2012|archive-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206111520/https://attitude.co.uk/article/george-michael-discusses-open-relationships-in-frank-2004-attitude-interview-part-3-1/13320/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Nickerson envisioned a "low-key street style" for the wardrobe, which she characterizes as "a sort of undone beauty", contrasting the prevailing "vampy, larger-than-life" direction in which the fashion industry, typified by models doing film work, was moving at the time. The black sweater worn by Evangelista was from Nickerson's own closet, and the studded biker boots worn by Campbell belonged to Nickerson's boyfriend. Most of the wardrobe budget, however, went to the 60-foot-long linen sheet used by Turlington, the nature of which was specified by Fincher. Guido looked to each model's personality to devise hairdos that would accentuate their "true beauty". Evangelista was up until 3:00am the night before the shoot dyeing her hair platinum blonde, which reflected the cool-blue lights of the set, while Campbell's hair was curled and pulled up with a headband for a 1960s "tough chic" in order to highlight her movement for a shot in which she dances solo. Patitz's hair was framed with soft curls and Turlington's was gelled back to exploit her statuesque form as her character crosses the screen trailing the linen sheet. Brown also tried to highlight each model's personality with makeup, saying, "Cindy was the sexy one; Christy was the cool, classic one; and Linda was the chameleon. She could do anything." Following Fincher's instruction that Crawford's makeup look "completely trashed, as if she'd been in a steamy atmosphere," Brown did Crawford's makeup, and then oiled it down by covering her with glycerin. Crawford spent most of her time topless and sitting in an empty bathtub, resting on an apple box so that enough of her would be visible.<ref name=Allure/>

The video premiered a few weeks after the shoot, and was heavily aired on MTV. Reflecting on the video in 2015, Crawford stated that, at the time, they thought they were simply making "a really cool video," but that in retrospect, the video exhibits a dark humour: As MTV had altered the music industry so that physical beauty was now necessary to sell music, the video used five beautiful faces instead of the song's vocalist to mock this.<ref name=Allure/>

==Analysis==
Alan Jones from ''[[Music Week]]'' wrote, "Despite its title, the song is not a direct descendant of [[Wham!]]'s 1984 chart-topper '[[Freedom (Wham! song)|Freedom]]', owing more to [[Soul II Soul]]'s '[[Back to Life (However Do You Want Me)|Back to Life]]'."<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Alan|last=Jones|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1990/MW-1990-12-01.pdf|title=Mainstream: Singles|magazine=[[Music Week]]|date=1 December 1990|page=10|access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>

Ethan Hein, adjunct professor of music at [[New York University]] said that "Freedom! '90" has "an exceedingly peculiar structure for a mainstream pop song"<ref>[https://wp.nyu.edu/musedlab/2017/05/30/freedom-90/#comment-4940 Hein, Ethan; Analysis of musical structure of "Freedom! '90" published on NYU Music Experience Design Lab, 30 May 2017]</ref> in which a basic four-bar instrumental intro is followed by the chorus harmony and an instrumental break, with the first chorus finally appearing almost two minutes in: "an eternity—most pop songs are practically over at that point". Other features include a five-layer drum pattern with a [[Funky Drummer]] break, and a C [[Mixolydian]] harmony intro and chorus with Afro-Cuban [[syncopation]] and [[hemiola]].

==Critical reception==
[[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] from [[AllMusic]] named the song a "highlight" from ''[[Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1]]''.<ref>{{cite web|first= Stephen Thomas |last= Erlewine |title= George Michael – ''Listen Without Prejudice, Vol. 1'' |publisher= [[AllMusic]] |access-date= 4 November 2020 |url= https://www.allmusic.com/album/listen-without-prejudice-vol-1-mw0000690256 |author-link= Stephen Thomas Erlewine}}</ref> [[Larry Flick]] from ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' wrote, "Platinum pop star waxes both cynical and philosophical on this well-worded stab at his early days of fame. Slowly ingratiating, midtempo [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]/[[Hip hop music|hip-hop]] base could also reaffirm his presence at club level."<ref>{{cite magazine|first= Larry |last= Flick |title= Single Reviews |magazine= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date= 20 October 1990 |page= 81 |access-date= 28 October 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1990/BB1990.pdf |author-link= Larry Flick}}</ref> In a 2008 review, The Daily Vault's Melanie Love stated, "Its catchy [[chorus effect|chorus]] and uptempo, jangling instrumentation, coupled with his signature soaring vocals make this confessional a striking example of Michael's newfound independence and proves that his struggle for seriousness could retain the hooks and brilliant tones that make his music so endearing."<ref>{{cite web|first= Melanie |last= Love |title= ''Listen Without Prejudice, Vol. 1'' – George Michael |publisher= The Daily Vault |date= 19 April 2008 |access-date= 22 November 2020 |url= http://dailyvault.com/toc.php5?review=5395}}</ref> [[Adam Sweeting]] from ''[[The Guardian]]'' named it one of the "best tracks" of the album, adding, "'Freedom! '90' is a boppy slice of pop which nods in the direction of [[House music|house]] and of [[Happy Mondays]]' much more scintillating "[[Step On]]". Its bright, clanging piano provides the aural focus."<ref>[[Adam Sweeting|Sweeting, Adam]] (30 August 1990). "Music: Now George Wants Your Cheques". ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref> Chris Roberts from ''[[Melody Maker]]'' declared it as "a bleeding-heart apology for his reckless sexy past."<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Chris|last=Roberts|magazine=[[Melody Maker]]|title=Albums|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/nothingelseon/52187066403/|date=1 September 1990|access-date=24 February 2023}}</ref>

''[[Music & Media]]'' magazine remarked that a "stirring [[Bo Diddley]] beat, a [[gospel music|gospel]] approach and a great piano riff are the main features of this addictive hit candidate."<ref>{{cite magazine|title= Previews: Singles |magazine= [[Music & Media]] |date= 10 November 1990 |page= 18 |access-date= 3 November 2020 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1990/MM-1990-11-10.pdf}}</ref> Victoria Segal from ''[[NME]]'' noted the "hate-fuelled '[[Sympathy for the Devil]]' roll" of the song.<ref>{{cite web|first= Victoria |last= Segal |title= George Michael – Ladies And Gentlemen - The Best Of George Michael |url= http://www.nme.com/reviews/reviews/19981006103726reviews.html |work= [[NME]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20000817211528/http://www.nme.com/reviews/reviews/19981006103726reviews.html |access-date= 24 November 2020|archive-date= 17 August 2000 }}</ref> A reviewer from ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' commented, "On "Freedom 90"—at least this one's set to a radio-ready groove—he rails against the image he has spent the last four years cultivating: "''I was every little hungry schoolgirl's pride and joy/And I guess it was enough for me/To win the race? A prettier face!/Brand new clothes and a big fat place/On your rock and roll TV/But today the way I play the game is not the same/No way''"."<ref>{{cite magazine|url= https://people.com/archive/picks-and-pans-review-listen-without-prejudice-vol-1-vol-34-no-14/ |title= Picks and Pans Review: Listen Without Prejudice Vol 1. |magazine= [[People (magazine)|People]] |date= 8 October 1990 |access-date= 13 November 2020}}</ref>

==Impact and legacy==
''[[Slant Magazine]]'' listed "Freedom! '90" at number 30 in their ranking of "The 100 Best Singles of the 1990s" in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.slantmagazine.com/features/best-singles-of-the-1990s/8/ |title= The 100 Best Singles of the 1990s |work= [[Slant Magazine]] |access-date= 3 May 2021 |date= 9 January 2011}}</ref> Polish ''Porcys'' included it in their "100 Singli 1990–1999" in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=100 Singli 1990–1999|url=https://www.porcys.com/ranking/100-singli-1990-1999/3/|website=Porcys|date=20 August 2012|language=pl|access-date=22 October 2024|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209231403/http://www.porcys.com/ranking/100-singli-1990-1999/9/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' ranked it number two in their list of "The 50 Best Gay Songs to Celebrate Pride All Year Long" in 2022.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.timeout.com/music/best-gay-songs|title=The 50 Best Gay Songs to Celebrate Pride All Year Long|magazine=[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]|date=21 January 2022|access-date=21 February 2022}}</ref> Same year, it was named the 16th-best song of the 1990s by ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/the-best-songs-of-the-1990s/|title=The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s|website=Pitchfork|date=27 September 2022|access-date=18 April 2023}}</ref> In 2023, ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine ranked "Freedom! '90" number 39 in their list of "500 Best Pop Songs of All Time",<ref name="billboard500bestpopsongs"/> while ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' ranked it number nine in their "The 50 Most Inspirational [[LGBTQ]] Songs of All Time".<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Tim|last=Chan|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-inspirational-lgbtq-anthems-pride-songs-1234773829|title=The 50 Most Inspirational LGBTQ Songs of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=28 June 2023|access-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> In 2024, ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' ranked it number 20 in their list of "The 50 Best Songs of the '90s".<ref>{{cite web|first1=Abigail|last1=Covington|url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/music/g61592643/best-90s-songs/|title=The 50 Best Songs of the '90s|work=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]|date=19 July 2024|access-date=7 August 2024}}</ref> In 2025, ''Billboard'' ranked it number 28 in their "The 100 Greatest LGBTQ+ Anthems of All Time" list.<ref>{{cite magazine|first1=Joe|last1=Lynch|first2=Stephen|last2=Daw|first3=Hannah|last3=Dailey|first4=Glenn|last4=Rowley|first5=Hannah|last5=Jocelyn|first6=Lucas|last6=Villa|url=https://www.billboard.com/lists/lgbtq-anthems-queer-pride-songs/|title=The 100 Greatest LGBTQ+ Anthems of All Time|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=4 June 2025|access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref>

==Formats and track listings==
* '''7-inch and cassette single (UK)'''
# "Freedom! '90" – 6:29
# "Freedom" ([[Back to Life (However Do You Want Me)|Back to Reality]] mix) – 5:01

* '''CD single (US)'''
# "Freedom! '90" – 6:29
# "[[Fantasy (George Michael song)|Fantasy]]" – 5:01

==Charts==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Weekly charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (1990–2016)
! scope="col"| Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|Australia|18|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Austria|25|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Flanders|26|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Canadatopsingles|1|chartid=1417|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Canadaadultcontemporary|15|chartid=1414|rowheader=true|access-date=23 April 2020}}
|-
! scope="row"| Europe ([[European Hot 100 Singles|Eurochart Hot 100]])<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1991/MM-1991-01-12.pdf|title=Eurochart Hot 100 Singles|magazine=[[Music & Media]]|volume=8|issue=2|page=31|date=12 January 1991|access-date=23 April 2020}}</ref>
| 39
|-
! scope="row"| Finland ([[The Official Finnish Charts|Suomen virallinen lista]])<ref>{{cite book|first=Jake|last=Nyman|year=2005|title=Suomi soi 4: Suuri suomalainen listakirja|edition=1st|publisher=Tammi|location=Helsinki|isbn=951-31-2503-3|language=fi}}</ref>
| 22
|-
{{single chart|France|23|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Germany|41|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|songid=21691|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
! scope="row"| Greece ([[IFPI Greece|IFPI]])<ref name="m&m">{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1991/MM-1991-01-12.pdf|title=Top 10 in Europe|magazine=[[Music & Media]]|volume=8|issue=2|page=29|date=12 January 1991|access-date=23 April 2020}}</ref>
| 10
|-
{{single chart|Hungarysingle|34|year=2016|week=52|rowheader=true|access-date=30 October 2020}}
|-
{{single chart|Ireland2|17|song=Freedom 90|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Dutch40|8|year=1990|week=46|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Dutch100|15|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|New Zealand|13|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
! scope="row"| Portugal ([[Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa|AFP]])<ref name="m&m"/>
| 9
|-
{{single chart|Sweden|20|artist=George Michael|song=Freedom! '90|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|UK|28|date=19901222|rowheader=true|access-date=4 January 2019}}
|-
{{single chart|Billboardhot100|8|artist=George Michael|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Billboardadultcontemporary|27|artist=George Michael|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Billboarddanceclubplay|16|artist=George Michael|rowheader=true|access-date=24 February 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Billboarddancesales|18|artist=George Michael|rowheader=true|access-date=13 February 2024}}
|-
! scope="row"| US [[Cash Box Top 100|''Cash Box'' Top 100]]<ref name="Whitburn" />
| 7
|-
! scope="row"| Zimbabwe (ZIMA)<ref>{{cite book|last=Kimberley|first=Christopher|title=Zimbabwe Singles Chart Book: 1965-1996}}</ref>
| 1
|}
{{col-2}}

===Year-end charts===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (1990)
! scope="col"| Position
|-
! scope="row"| Canada Top Singles (''RPM'')<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.9139&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.9139.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.9139|title=Top 100 Hit Tracks of 1990|magazine=[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]|publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|access-date=11 May 2018}}</ref>
| 96
|-
! scope="row"| Netherlands (Single Top 100)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1990&cat=s|title=Jaaroverzichten – Single 1990|website=dutchcharts.nl|access-date=14 December 2020}}</ref>
| 95
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (1991)
! scope="col"| Position
|-
! scope="row"| Australia (ARIA)<ref>{{cite book|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|title=Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010|year=2011|publisher=Moonlight Publishing|location=Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia|edition=pdf|page=187}}</ref>
| 59
|-
! scope="row"| Canada Top Singles (''RPM'')<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.2024&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.2024.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.2024|title=RPM Hit Tracks of 1991|magazine=[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]|publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|access-date=11 May 2018}}</ref>
| 53
|-
! scope="row"| Europe (European Hit Radio)<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1991/MM-1991-12-21.pdf|title=EHR Year-End Top 100|magazine=[[Music & Media]]|volume=8|issue=51–52|page=20|date=21 December 1991|access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref>
| 33
|-
! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>{{cite web |url=http://longboredsurfer.com/charts.php?year=1991 |title=Billboard Top 100 – 1991 |access-date=15 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707155835/http://longboredsurfer.com/charts.php?year=1991 |archive-date=7 July 2009}}</ref>
| 95
|}
{{col-end}}

==Certifications==
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Australia|type=single|award=Platinum|relyear=1990|certyear=2017|access-date=4 January 2019}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Denmark|type=single|title=Freedom! '90|artist=George Michael|award=Gold|certyear=2023|id=12841|access-date=8 September 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=New Zealand|type=single|title=Freedom! '90|artist=George Michael|award=Platinum|certyear=2023|source=radioscope|access-date=20 April 2025}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=George Michael|title=Freedom|award=Platinum|relyear=2006|certyear=2023|id=2392-1018-1|salesamount=715,909|salesref=<ref name="UK sales">{{cite web|url=http://www.musicweek.com/analysis/read/george-michael-on-the-charts/067107|title=George Michael on the charts|date=11 January 2017|work=[[Music Week]]|publisher=Intent Media|access-date=16 August 2024}}</ref>|access-date=28 July 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=single|artist=George Michael|title=Freedom|award=Gold|relyear=1990|certyear=1991|access-date=4 January 2019}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=true|streaming=true}}

== Credits==
* [[George Michael]] – composer, guitar, primary artist, vocalist<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/freedom-90-mw0000415281/credits|title=Freedom '90: Credits|language=en-US|url-status=live|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=28 November 2022|archivedate=28 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128144351/https://www.allmusic.com/album/freedom-90-mw0000415281/credits}}</ref>

==Robbie Williams version==
{{Infobox song
| name          = Freedom
| cover         = Robbie Williams-Freedom s.jpg
| alt           = 
| type          = single
| artist        = [[Robbie Williams]]
| album         = 
| released      = {{start date|1996|07|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite magazine|title=New Releases: Singles|magazine=[[Music Week]]|page=43|date=27 July 1996}}</ref>
| recorded      = 
| studio        = 
| venue         = 
| genre         = <!-- Do not add unsourced genres -->
| length        = 
* 5:24 (album version)
* 4:23 (single version)
| label         = [[Chrysalis Records|Chrysalis]]
| writer        = George Michael
| producer      = [[Stephen Hague]]
| next_title    = [[Old Before I Die]]
| next_year     = 1997
| misc          = {{External music video|{{YouTube|eZ05LV-EKYs|"Freedom"}}}}
}}
English singer-songwriter [[Robbie Williams]] covered "Freedom" and released it as his debut solo single in July 1996 by [[Chrysalis Records|Chrysalis]], a year after his departure from [[Take That]]. In 2010, it appeared on Williams' greatest hits album ''[[In and Out of Consciousness: Greatest Hits 1990–2010]]''.

===Critical reception===
Caroline Sullivan from ''[[The Guardian]]'' rated Williams' version of the song three out of five.<ref>Sullivan, Caroline (26 July 1996). "Music: This week's pop CD releases". ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref> A reviewer from ''[[Music Week]]'' gave it four out of five, adding, "A pretty good return from Williams. His fans should forgive the, at times, dodgy vocals and send him towards the top of the chart with this [[George Michael]] cover."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1996/Music-Week-1996-07-20.pdf|title=Reviews: Singles|magazine=Music Week|page=42|date=20 July 1996|access-date=1 September 2021}}</ref>

===Music video===
The accompanying music video shows Williams dancing in the sea and in a field, celebrating his separation from his former group. In a 2010 interview with [[Magic 105.4]], Williams told Neil Fox that the song had not even been recorded by the scheduled date of filming, which required him to mime to Michael's version of the song.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/robbie-williams-admits-miming-on-debut-single-video-2082111.html|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|title=Robbie Williams admits miming on debut single video|date=17 September 2010|access-date=5 July 2020|archive-date=20 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920194126/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/robbie-williams-admits-miming-on-debut-single-video-2082111.html}}</ref>

===Track listings===
{{col-begin|width=74%}}
{{col-2}}
* '''UK CD1'''<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Freedom|others=[[Robbie Williams]]|year=1996|type=UK CD1 liner notes|publisher=[[Chrysalis Records]]|id=CDSFREE 1, 7243 8 83187 2 3}}</ref>
# "Freedom"
# "Freedom" (Arthur Baker mix)
# "Freedom" (instrumental)
# "Interview" (part one)

* '''UK CD2'''<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Freedom|others=Robbie Williams|year=1996|type=UK CD2 liner notes|publisher=Chrysalis Records|id=CDFREE 1, 7243 8 83186 2 4}}</ref>
# "Freedom" (radio edit)
# "Freedom" (The Next Big Genn mix)
# "Freedom" (Arthur Baker's Shake and Bake mix)
# "Interview" (part two)
{{col-2}}
* '''UK cassette single'''<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Freedom|others=Robbie Williams|year=1996|type=UK cassette single sleeve|publisher=Chrysalis Records|id=TCFREE 1, 7243 8 83186 4 8}}</ref>
# "Freedom" (full length version)
# "Freedom" (The Next Big Genn mix)
# "Freedom" (Arthur Baker's Shake and Bake mix)

* '''European CD single'''<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Freedom|others=Robbie Williams|year=1996|type=European CD single liner notes|publisher=Chrysalis Records|id=7243 8 83190 2 7}}</ref>
# "Freedom" (radio edit)
# "Freedom" (The Next Big Genn mix)
{{col-end}}

===Charts===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

====Weekly charts====
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
!scope="col"|Chart (1996)
!scope="col"|Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|Australia|6|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Austria|19|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Flanders|16|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Wallonia|16|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
!scope="row"|Denmark ([[IFPI Danmark|IFPI]])<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1996/MM-1996-08-31.pdf|title=Top National Sellers|magazine=[[Music & Media]]|volume=13|issue=35|page=15|date=31 August 1996|access-date=13 April 2020}}</ref>
|9
|-
!scope="row"|Estonia (Eesti Top 20)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dea.digar.ee/?a=d&d=eestipaevaleht19960907.2.24.11.3&srpos=3&e=-------en-25--1--txt-txIN%7ctxTI%7ctxAU%7ctxTA-Freedom+Robbie+Williams------------|title=MUUSIKAEDETABELID: EESTI TOP 20|work=[[Sõnumileht]]|date=7 September 1996|page=12|access-date=14 December 2024|language=et}}</ref>
|align="center"|8
|-
!scope="row"|Europe ([[European Hot 100 Singles|Eurochart Hot 100]])<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1996/MM-1996-08-17.pdf|title=Eurochart Hot 100 Singles|magazine=Music & Media|volume=13|issue=33|page=28|date=17 August 1996|access-date=13 April 2020}}</ref>
|5
|-
! scope="row"|Europe (European AC Radio)<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1996/MM-1996-09-07.pdf|title=European Adult Contemporary Top 25|magazine=Music & Media|volume=13|issue=36|page=16|date=7 September 1996|access-date=28 December 2024}}</ref>
|align="center"|12
|-
!scope="row"|Europe (European Hit Radio)<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/90s/1996/MM-1996-08-24.pdf|title=EHR Top 40|magazine=[[Music & Media]]|volume=13|issue=34|date=24 August 1996|page=21|access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref>
| 7
|-
!scope="row"|Finland ([[The Official Finnish Charts|Suomen virallinen lista]])<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://finnishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Robbie+Williams&titel=Freedom|title=Robbie Williams: Freedom|magazine=FinnishCharts|access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>
|7
|-
!scope="row"|France Airplay ([[SNEP]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tubesenfrance.com/annees-90/classements-de-1996/classement-du-20-octobre-1996/|title=Top 100 French Radio Airplay|publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]]|date=20 October 1996|access-date=22 December 2024}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|40
|-
{{single chart|Germany|10|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|songid=3269|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
!scope="row"|Iceland ([[Íslenski listinn|Íslenski Listinn Topp 40]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timarit.is/page/2944287#page/n33/mode/2up|title=Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (18.8. – 24.8. '96)|newspaper=[[DV (newspaper)|Dagblaðið Vísir]]|language=is|page=42|date=24 August 1996|access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref>
|18
|-
{{single chart|Ireland2|6|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018|refname=ire2}}
|-
!scope="row"|Israel ([[Israel Broadcasting Authority|IBA]])<ref>27 August 1996</ref>
|4
|-
! scope="row"|Italy (''[[Musica e dischi]]'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicaedischi.it/classifiche_archivio.php|title=Classifiche|work=[[Musica e dischi]]|language=it|access-date=28 May 2022}} Set "Tipo" on "Singoli". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Robbie Williams".</ref>
|align="center"|12
|-
{{single chart|Dutch40|10|year=1996|week=33|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018|refname=dut402}}
|-
{{single chart|Dutch100|12|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|New Zealand|39|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Scotland|1|date=19960810|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|- 
!scope="row"|Spain ([[Productores de Música de España|AFYVE]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|last=Salaverri|first=Fernando|date=September 2005|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|isbn=84-8048-639-2|edition=1st|location=Spain}}</ref>
|1
|-
{{single chart|Sweden|24|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Switzerland|8|artist=Robbie Williams|song=Freedom|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|UK|2|date=19960810|rowheader=true|access-date=11 May 2018|refname="UKRobbieWilliams"}}
|}
{{col-2}}

====Year-end charts====
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
!scope="col"|Chart (1996)
!scope="col"|Position
|-
!scope="row"|UK Singles (OCC)<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Top 100 Singles 1996|magazine=Music Week|page=25|date=18 January 1997}}</ref>
|46
|}
{{col-end}}

===Certifications===
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Robbie Williams|title=Freedom|award=Silver|relyear=1996|certyear=1996|id=2392-2807-1|access-date=18 February 2021}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=true}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{George Michael singles}}
{{Robbie Williams singles}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1990 songs]]
[[Category:1990 singles]]
[[Category:1996 debut singles]]
[[Category:Chrysalis Records singles]]
[[Category:Columbia Records singles]]
[[Category:George Michael songs]]
[[Category:Music videos directed by David Fincher]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Scotland]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Spain]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Zimbabwe]]
[[Category:Robbie Williams songs]]
[[Category:RPM Top Singles number-one singles]]
[[Category:Song recordings produced by George Michael]]
[[Category:Song recordings produced by Stephen Hague]]
[[Category:Songs written by George Michael]]
[[Category:Songs about fame]]
[[Category:Songs about freedom]]
[[Category:LGBTQ-related songs]]