View source for Fraser Stoddart

{{Short description|Scottish chemist (1942–2024)}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix  = [[Sir]]
| name              = Fraser Stoddart
| honorific_suffix  = {{postnominals|country=GBR|FRS|FRSE|HonFRSC|size=100%}}
| birth_name        = James Fraser Stoddart
| image             = Nobel Laureates 7327 (30647283454).jpg
| caption           = Stoddart in 2016
| birth_date        = {{Birth date|1942|05|24|df=yes}}
| birth_place       = [[Edinburgh]], Scotland
| death_date        = {{Death date and age|2024|12|30|1942|05|24|df=yes}}
| death_place       = [[Melbourne]], Australia
| citizenship       = United Kingdom<br />United States
| website           = {{URL|http://stoddart.northwestern.edu}}
| thesis1_title     = Studies on plant gums of the Acacia group
| thesis1_url       = http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.662504
| thesis1_year      = 1966
| thesis2_title     = Some adventures in stereochemistry
| thesis2_url       = http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14487
| thesis2_year      = 1980
| children          = 2
| spouse            = {{marriage|Norma Agnes Scholan|1968|2004|end=her death}}<ref name=whoswho>{{Who's Who | title=STODDART, Sir (James) Fraser | id = U36360 | volume = 1997 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford}}</ref><ref name="Award"/><ref name="Scotsman">{{cite news|title=Norma Stoddart (Obituary)|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/norma-stoddart-1-513988|access-date=27 May 2016|work=The Scotsman|date=16 February 2004|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225232730/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/norma-stoddart-1-513988|url-status=live}}</ref>
| field             = Physical Organic Chemistry<br />Lock-and-Key Chemistry<br />Unnatural Product Synthesis<br />[[Molecular Nanotechnology]]
| work_institution  = [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]] (1967–1969)<br />[[University of Sheffield]] (1970–1990)<br />ICI Corporate Laboratory, Runcorn (1978–1981)<br />[[University of Birmingham]] (1990–1997)<br />[[University of California, Los Angeles]] (1997–2007)<br />[[Northwestern University]] (2008)<br />[[Tianjin University]] (2014)<br />[[University of New South Wales]] (2018)<br />[[University of Hong Kong]] (2023)
| alma_mater        = [[University of Edinburgh]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BSc]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])
| doctoral_advisor  = {{Plainlist|
* [[Edmund Langley Hirst]]<ref name=cv>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005211334/http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Fraser_Stoddart/Stoddart%20CV%20full.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2016 |url=http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Fraser_Stoddart/Stoddart%20CV%20full.pdf |website=stoddart.northwestern.edu |title=James Fraser Stoddart: Curriculum Vitae, Full Version |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*  Douglas M W Anderson<ref name=cv/>}}
| academic_advisors = {{Plainlist|
*  J K N (Ken) Jones FRS
*  W David Ollis FRS}}
| notable_students  = [[David Leigh (scientist)|David Leigh]] [[Narayanaswamy Jayaraman]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2009 winner of the RSC Merck Award |url=http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/MerckAward/2009winner.asp |publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry |access-date=6 October 2016 |archive-date=31 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331154156/https://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/MerckAward/2009winner.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> <br /> [[Douglas Philp]]
| known_for         = Mechanical Bond in Chemistry<br />[[Molecular shuttle]]s and [[Molecular switch]]es<br />Artificial Molecular Machines<br />Template-Directed Synthesis<br />Chemical Topology<br />[[Stereochemistry]]<br />Metal-Organic Frameworks<br />Cyclodextrin Chemistry
| awards            = {{Plainlist|
* [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] of London (1994)<ref name=frs>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815114707/https://royalsociety.org/people/james-stoddart-12357/|archive-date=15 August 2016|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/james-stoddart-12357/|publisher=[[Royal Society]]|location=London|author=Anon|year=1994|title=Sir James Stoddart FRS|website=royalsociety.org}} One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: {{blockquote|All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under [[Creative Commons license|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]]." --{{cite web |url=https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |title=Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies |access-date=9 March 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925220834/https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |archive-date=25 September 2015  }}}}</ref>
* Nagoya Gold Medal in Organic Chemistry (2004)
* [[King Faisal Prize]] (2007)
* [[Albert Einstein World Award of Science]] (2007)
* [[Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology]] (2007)
* [[Knight Bachelor]] (2007)
* [[Arthur C. Cope Award]] (2008)
* [[Davy Medal]] by The Royal Society of London (2008)
* [[Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]] (2008)
* [[Member of the National Academy of Sciences]] (2014)
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (2016)<ref name="NP-20161005" />
* Fellow of The [[National Academy of Inventors]] (2019)}}
}}

[[File:President_Barack_Obama_greets_the_2016_American_Nobel_Prize_winners_in_the_Oval_Office.jpg|thumb|President Barack Obama greets the 2016 American Nobel Prize winners in the Oval Office, 30 November 2016, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart (2nd right), Laureate of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.]]
[[File:Rotaxane Crystal Structure EurJOrgChem page2565 year1998.png|thumb|Crystal structure of a [[rotaxane]] with a cyclobis(paraquat-''p''-phenylene) [[macrocycle]] reported by Stoddart and coworkers in the Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 2565–2571.]]
[[File:Catenane Crystal Structure ChemComm page634 1991 commons.png|thumb|Crystal structure of a [[catenane]] with a cyclobis(paraquat-''p''-phenylene) [[macrocycle]] reported by Stoddart and coworkers in the Chem. Commun., 1991, 634–639.]]
[[File:Molecular Borromean Rings Atwood Stoddart commons.png|thumb|Crystal structure of [[molecular Borromean rings]] reported by Stoddart and coworkers Science 2004, 304, 1308–1312.]]

'''Sir James Fraser Stoddart''', {{postnominals|country=GBR|FRS|FRSE|HonFRSC}}<ref name=frs/> (24 May 1942 – 30 December 2024) was a British-American chemist who was Chair Professor in Chemistry at the [[University of Hong Kong]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.hku.hk/press/news_detail_26533.html | title=Nobel Laureate Professor Sir Fraser Stoddart joins HKU as Chair Professor of Chemistry – All News – Media – HKU | access-date=10 May 2024 | archive-date=16 September 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916210125/https://www.hku.hk/press/news_detail_26533.html | url-status=live }}</ref> He was the Board of Trustees Professor of Chemistry and head of the Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group in the Department of Chemistry at [[Northwestern University]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2007/08/stoddart.html|title= Nanotechnology Star Fraser Stoddart to Join Northwestern|work= NewsCenter|publisher= [[Northwestern University]]|date= 16 August 2007|access-date= 17 August 2007|archive-date= 4 July 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190704142443/https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2007/08/stoddart.html|url-status= dead}}</ref> He worked in the area of [[supramolecular chemistry]] and [[nanotechnology]].  Stoddart developed highly efficient syntheses of [[mechanically-interlocked molecular architectures]] such as [[molecular Borromean rings]], [[catenane]]s and [[rotaxane]]s utilising [[molecular recognition]] and [[molecular self-assembly]] processes.  He demonstrated that these topologies can be employed as molecular switches.<ref>A. Coskun, M. Banaszak, [[Raymond Dean Astumian|R. D. Astumian]], J. F. Stoddart, B. A. Grzybowski, [https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C1CS15262A ''Chem. Soc. Rev.'', 2012, 41, 19–30]</ref> His group has even applied these structures in the fabrication of nanoelectronic devices and [[nanoelectromechanical systems]] (NEMS).<ref>A. Coskun, J. M. Spruell, G. Barin, W. R. Dichtel, A. H. Flood, Y. Y. Botros, J. F. Stoddart. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2CS35053J ''Chem. Soc. Rev.'', '''2012''', ''41'' (14), 4827–59.]</ref> His efforts were recognized by numerous awards, including the 2007 [[King Faisal International Prize]] in Science.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=The Scientists' Channel|title=Sir James Fraser Stoddart|url=https://www.thescientistschannel.com/sir-james-fraser-stoddart|access-date=11 February 2021|website=www.thescientistschannel.com|language=en-GB|archive-date=4 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304083117/https://thescientistschannel.com/sir-james-fraser-stoddart|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Faisal">{{cite journal|title=Stoddart Wins King Faisal International Prize|journal=Chemical & Engineering News|date=19 March 2007|volume=85|issue=12|page=71|url=http://cen.acs.org/articles/85/i12/Stoddart-Wins-King-Faisal-International.html?type=paidArticleContent|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624045951/http://cen.acs.org/articles/85/i12/Stoddart-Wins-King-Faisal-International.html?type=paidArticleContent|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNANOI">{{cite web|title=Fraser Stoddart is awarded the 2007 King Faisal International Prize for Science|url=http://www.cnsi.ucla.edu/news/item?item_id=235742|website=California NanoSystems Institute|date=17 January 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210012644/http://www.cnsi.ucla.edu/news/item?item_id=235742|archive-date=10 February 2007}}</ref> He shared the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] together with [[Ben Feringa]] and [[Jean-Pierre Sauvage]] in 2016 for the design and synthesis of [[molecular machine]]s.<ref name="NP-20161005">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2016/press.html |date=5 October 2016 |work=[[Nobel Foundation]] |access-date=5 October 2016 |archive-date=5 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005100522/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2016/press.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20161005">{{cite news |last1=Chang |first1=Kenneth |last2=Chan |first2=Sewell |title=3 Makers of 'World's Smallest Machines' Awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/06/science/nobel-prize-chemistry.html |date=5 October 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=5 October 2016 |archive-date=15 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515065741/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/06/science/nobel-prize-chemistry.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Davis Sample 2016">{{cite web | last1=Davis | first1=Nicola | last2=Sample | first2=Ian | title=live | website=the Guardian | date=5 October 2016 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2016/oct/05/nobel-prize-in-chemistry-2016-to-be-announced-live | access-date=5 October 2016 | archive-date=10 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210205613/https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2016/oct/05/nobel-prize-in-chemistry-2016-to-be-announced-live | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/summary/|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016|website=NobelPrize.org|access-date=29 June 2021|archive-date=21 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521195340/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/summary/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Van NoordenCastelvecchi2016">{{cite journal|last1=Van Noorden|first1=Richard|last2=Castelvecchi|first2=Davide|title=World's tiniest machines win chemistry Nobel|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|year=2016|doi=10.1038/nature.2016.20734|volume=538|issue=7624|pages=152–153|pmid=27734892|bibcode=2016Natur.538..152V|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Fraser Stoddart was born in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]], on 24 May 1942,<ref name=whoswho/> the only child of Tom and Jean Stoddart.<ref name="Capecelatro, Alex N. 2007">Capecelatro, Alex N. (2007). "From Auld Reekie to the City of Angels, and all the Meccano in between: A Glimpse into the Life and Mind of Sir Fraser Stoddart" (PDF). The UCLA USJ. 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2016.</ref><ref name="Sir J 2018">"Sir J. Fraser Stoddart – Facts". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 18 November 2018.</ref> He was brought up as a tenant farmer on Edgelaw Farm, a small community consisting of three families. Sir Fraser professed a passion for jigsaw puzzles and construction toys in his formative years, which he believed was the basis for his interest in molecular construction.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/lecture/ | title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 | access-date=19 November 2018 | archive-date=19 November 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119092124/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/lecture/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

Stoddart received early schooling at the local village school in [[Carrington, Midlothian]], before going on to [[Melville College]] in Edinburgh.<ref name="Capecelatro">{{cite journal|last1=Capecelatro|first1=Alex N.|title=From Auld Reekie to the City of Angels, and all the Meccano in between: A Glimpse into the Life and Mind of Sir Fraser Stoddart|journal=The UCLA USJ|date=2007|volume=20|url=http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Interviews/Interview1.pdf|access-date=27 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331234220/http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Interviews/Interview1.pdf|archive-date=31 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name = Melville>{{cite web|url= http://issuu.com/stewartsmelvillefpnews/docs/fp_news_2014|title= It's all Kids Stuff|author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date= December 2014|website= FP News, The magazine and Annual Review of The Stewart's Melville FP Club|publisher= Daniel Stewart's and Melville College Former Pupils Club|pages= 13–14|access-date= 29 July 2015|archive-date= 21 March 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160321180218/https://issuu.com/stewartsmelvillefpnews/docs/fp_news_2014|url-status= live}}</ref> He started at the [[University of Edinburgh]] in 1960 where he initially studied chemistry, physics and mathematics.<ref name="Capecelatro, Alex N. 2007"/> He was awarded a [[Bachelor of Science]] degree in Chemistry in 1964 followed by a [[Doctor of Philosophy]] in 1966<ref name=stodphd>{{cite thesis|degree=PhD|publisher=University of Edinburgh|title=Studies on plant gums of the Acacia group|first=James Fraser|last=Stoddart|date=1967|url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.662504|archive-date=6 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006205612/http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.662504|url-status=live}}</ref> for research on [[natural gum]]s in ''[[Acacia]]s'' supervised by Sir [[Edmund Langley Hirst]] and D M W Anderson<ref name=cv/> from the University of Edinburgh.<ref>"2005 – Professor J Fraser Stoddart". The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 26 May 2016.</ref>

==Career==
In 1967, Stoddart went to [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]] (Canada) as a [[National Research Council of Canada|National Research Council]] Postdoctoral Fellow. In 1970 he moved to the [[University of Sheffield]] as an [[Imperial Chemical Industries]] (ICI) Research Fellow, before joining the academic staff as a lecturer in chemistry. In early 1978 he was a [[Science Research Council]] Senior Visiting Fellow at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA) Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Later in 1978, he was transferred to the ICI Corporate Laboratory in [[Runcorn]], England where he first started investigating the mechanically interlocked molecules that would eventually become molecular machines.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/lecture/|title=Sir J. Fraser Stoddart – Facts|website=NobelPrize.org|access-date=18 November 2018|archive-date=19 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119092124/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/lecture/|url-status=live}}</ref> At the end of the three year secondment he returned to Sheffield<ref name="Marcus"/> where he was promoted to a Readership in 1982.

Stoddart was awarded a [[Doctor of Science]] degree from the [[University of Edinburgh]] in 1980<ref name=stodsc>{{cite thesis|degree=DSc|publisher=University of Edinburgh|title=Some adventures in stereochemistry|first= James Fraser|last=Stoddart|date=1980|oclc=605975820|hdl=1842/14487}} {{open access}}</ref> for his research into [[stereochemistry]] beyond the molecule. In 1990, he moved to the Chair of [[Organic Chemistry]] at the [[University of Birmingham]] and was Head of the School of Chemistry there (1993–97) before moving to UCLA as the [[Saul Winstein]] Professor of Chemistry in 1997, succeeding Nobel laureate [[Donald Cram]].<ref name="CNANOI"/><ref name="Wolpert"/>

In July 2002, Stoddart became the Acting Co-Director of the [[California NanoSystems Institute]] (CNSI). In May 2003, he became the [[Fred Kavli]] Chair of NanoSystems Sciences and served from then through August 2007 as the Director of the CNSI.<ref name="Wolpert">{{cite web|last1=Wolpert|first1=Stuart|title=UCLA Chemist Fraser Stoddart Named Director of California NanoSystems Institute|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/UCLA-Chemist-Fraser-Stoddart-Named-4695|website=UCLA Newsroom|date=6 November 2003|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006210223/http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/UCLA-Chemist-Fraser-Stoddart-Named-4695|archive-date=6 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2008, Stoddart established the Mechanostereochemistry Group and was named Board of Trustees Professor in Chemistry at Northwestern University.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2016/10/fraser-stoddart-awarded-nobel-prize-in-chemistry/|title=Sir Fraser Stoddart is awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry|website=news.northwestern.edu}}</ref> He went on to be the Director of the Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems (CCIS) at Northwestern University in 2010.<ref>"James Fraser Stoddart: Curriculum Vitae, Full Version" (PDF). stoddart.northwestern.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2016.</ref>

In 2017, Stoddart was appointed a part-time position at the [[University of New South Wales]] to establish his ''New Chemistry'' initiative at the UNSW School of Chemistry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/science-tech/unsw-appoints-2016-nobel-prize-winner-chemistry-professor-sir-fraser-stoddart|title=UNSW appoints 2016 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry, Professor Sir Fraser Stoddart|date=15 December 2017|website=UNSW Newsroom|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=12 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412192402/https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/science-tech/unsw-appoints-2016-nobel-prize-winner-chemistry-professor-sir-fraser-stoddart|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, Stoddart introduced a skincare brand called Noble Panacea.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/noble-panacea-met-event-launch | title=Skin-Care Line Noble Panacea Launched with a Glitzy, Model-Heavy Gala at the Met | date=23 October 2019 | access-date=3 November 2019 | archive-date=3 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103122219/https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/noble-panacea-met-event-launch | url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2021, Stoddart co-founded a startup called H2MOF, dedicated to solving the challenges associated with hydrogen storage and transportation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our founders |url=https://h2mof.com/our-founders/ |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=H2MOF |date=8 June 2023 |language=en-US |archive-date=13 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713191957/https://h2mof.com/our-founders/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2023, Stoddart joined the University of Hong Kong as Chair Professor of Chemistry.<ref name="auto"/>

During 35 years, nearly 300 PhD students and [[postdoctoral research]]ers have been trained in his laboratories.<ref name="Capecelatro"/>

==Research==
Stoddart is one of only a few chemists of the past quarter century to have pioneered a new field in organic chemistry.  By establishing a new field where the main feature is mechanical bonds, he paved the way for molecular recognition, self-assembly processes for template-directed mechanically interlocked syntheses, molecular switches, and motor-molecules. These advances have formed the basis of the fields of nanoelectronic devices, nanoelectromechanical systems, and molecular machines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stoddart.northwestern.edu/fraser-stoddart/|title=Fraser Stoddart – Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group|website=stoddart.northwestern.edu|language=en-US|access-date=19 November 2018|archive-date=28 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828025726/https://stoddart.northwestern.edu/fraser-stoddart/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NP-20161005" />

One of his major contributions to the development of [[mechanically-interlocked molecular architectures]] such as [[rotaxane]]s and [[catenane]]s was the establishment of efficient synthetic protocols based on the binding of [[cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene)|cyclobis(paraquat-''p''-phenylene)]] with electron-rich aromatic guests.<ref name="Stoddart 2009 p=1802">{{cite journal | last=Stoddart | first=J. Fraser | title=The chemistry of the mechanical bond | journal=Chemical Society Reviews | publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) | volume=38 | issue=6 | year=2009 | pages=1802–1820 | issn=0306-0012 | doi=10.1039/b819333a | pmid=19587969 }}</ref> His group reported the synthesis of an advanced mechanically interlocked molecular architecture called [[molecular Borromean rings]] through the use of [[dynamic covalent chemistry]].<ref name="Chichak pp. 1308–1312">{{cite journal | last=Chichak | first=K. S. | title=Molecular Borromean Rings | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=304 | issue=5675 | date=28 May 2004 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.1096914 | pages=1308–1312 | pmid=15166376 | bibcode=2004Sci...304.1308C | s2cid=45191675 | url=http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/22968/1/196491_534%20Cave%20PostPrint.pdf | archive-date=24 February 2021 | access-date=8 July 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224134726/http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/22968/1/196491_534%20Cave%20PostPrint.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> The efficient procedures developed to synthesize these molecular architectures was applied to the construction of [[molecular switch]]es that operate based on the movement of the various components with respect to one another.  These interlocked molecules have potential uses as [[molecular sensor]]s, [[actuators]], [[amplifiers]], and [[molecular switch]]es, and can be controlled chemically, electrically, and optically.<ref name="Science Watch">{{cite journal|title=UCLA's J. Fraser Stoddart on Switching to Molecular Electronics|journal=Science Watch|date=2005|volume=16|issue=5|url=http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Interviews/Interview3.pdf|access-date=27 May 2016|archive-date=31 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331235024/http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Interviews/Interview3.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{blockquote|His work bridged the gap between chemistry and the scientific and engineering challenges of nanoelectromechanical systems."<ref name = Davy/>}}

Stoddart pioneered the use of [[mechanically interlocked molecular architectures]] to create [[Nanomechanics|nanomechanical systems]].<ref name="Richards"/><ref name="Madou">{{cite book|last1=Madou|first1=Marc J.|title=From MEMS to bio-MEMS and bio-NEMS : manufacturing techniques and applications|date=2009|publisher=CRC|location=Boca Raton, Fla.|isbn=978-1-4200-5516-0|pages=131–133|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBzSBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA132|access-date=27 May 2016}}</ref> He has demonstrated that such devices can be fabricated using a combination of the [[Top-down and bottom-up design|bottom-up]] approach of [[molecular self-assembly]] and a [[Top-down and bottom-up design|top-down approach]] of [[lithography]] and [[microfabrication]].<ref name="Tseng">{{cite journal|last1=Stoddart|first1=J. F.|last2=Tseng|first2=H.-R.|title=Chemical synthesis gets a fillip from molecular recognition and self-assembly processes|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=12 March 2002|volume=99|issue=8|pages=4797–4800|doi=10.1073/pnas.052708999|pmc=122671|pmid=11891314|bibcode=2002PNAS...99.4797F|doi-access=free}}</ref>

{{blockquote|The credit for making molecular machines attractive to chemists goes to Fraser Stoddart, (... who) had the vision to realise that these architectures gave you the possibility of large amplitude-controlled motions, and that that could be the basis of molecular machines. <p>— [[David Leigh (scientist)|David Leigh]].<ref name="Richards">{{cite journal|last1=Richards|first1=Victoria|title=Molecular Machines|journal=Chemistry World|date=16 February 2016|url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/molecular-machines/9457.article|archive-date=31 May 2019|access-date=6 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531140622/https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/molecular-machines/9457.article|url-status=live}}</ref></p>}}

===Presentation style===
{{external media | width = 180px | float = right | headerimage= [[File:Molecular Solomon's knot AngewChemIntEd 2007 v46 p218.jpg | 170px]] | video1 = [http://steamconnect.org/fraser-stoddart-mingling-art-with-science/ "Fraser Stoddart: Mingling Art with Science"], STE[+a]M Connect | video2 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96uHJq4yqCY "The Beauty and Promise of Molecular Nanotechnology"], PSW Science | video3 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wfeBIpYooA "Fraser Stoddart on Molecular Assembly"], 1990, [[University of Birmingham]] }}

Stoddart's papers and other material are instantly recognizable due to a distinctive "[[cartoon]]"-style of [[scientific visualization|representation]] he developed beginning in the late 1980s. A solid circle is often placed in the middle of the [[aromatic]] rings of the molecular structures he has reported, and different colours to highlight different parts of the molecules. The different colours usually correspond to the different parts of a cartoon representation of the molecule, but are also used to represent specific molecular properties (blue, for example, is used to represent [[electron acceptor|electron-poor recognition units]] while red is used to represent the corresponding [[electron donor|electron-rich recognition units]]). The distinctive colouring has led to coining the term 'little blue box' for the cyclophane cyclobis(paraquat-''p''-phenylene); an important π-acceptor used to synthesize mechanically bonded structures.<ref name=":0" /> Stoddart maintains this standardized colour scheme across all of his publications and presentations, and his style has been adopted by other researchers reporting mechanically interlocked molecules based on his syntheses.<ref name="Art">{{cite news|title=Fraser Stoddart: Mingling Art with Science|url=http://steamconnect.org/fraser-stoddart-mingling-art-with-science/|access-date=27 May 2016|work=Ste(a)m Connect|archive-date=23 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623211417/http://steamconnect.org/fraser-stoddart-mingling-art-with-science/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Brough">{{cite journal|last1=Brough|first1=B.|last2=Northrop|first2=B. H.|last3=Schmidt|first3=J. J.|last4=Tseng|first4=H.-R.|last5=Houk|first5=K. N.|last6=Stoddart|first6=J. F.|last7=Ho|first7=C.-M.|title=Evaluation of synthetic linear motor-molecule actuation energetics|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=30 May 2006|volume=103|issue=23|pages=8583–8588|doi=10.1073/pnas.0509645103|pmc=1482623|pmid=16735470|bibcode=2006PNAS..103.8583B|doi-access=free}}</ref>

===ISI ratings===
{{As of | 2024}} Stoddart had an [[h-index]] of 168.<ref name="H-Index">{{cite web | title=Web of Science | website=www.webofscience.com | url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/H-1518-2011 | access-date=3 January 2025 | archive-date=27 November 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127172023/https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/H-1518-2011 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="j056">{{cite web | title=J. Fraser Stoddart: Chemistry H-index & Awards | website=Research.com | url=https://research.com/u/j-fraser-stoddart | access-date=3 January 2025 | archive-date=3 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203232938/https://research.com/u/j-fraser-stoddart | url-status=live }}</ref> As of 2023 he had published more than 1200 publications.<ref name="Publications">{{cite web | title=Publications – Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group | website=Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group – Chemistry & Molecular Nanotechnology in Tomorrow's World | date=12 August 2023 | url=https://stoddart.northwestern.edu/publications/ | access-date=3 January 2025 | archive-date=15 September 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915073600/https://stoddart.northwestern.edu/publications/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Personal life and death==
Stoddart was an American and British citizen. He was married to Norma Agnes Scholan from 1968<ref name=whoswho/><ref name="Award"/><ref name="Scotsman"/> until her death in 2004 from cancer.<ref name=":0" /> They had two daughters: Fiona Jane and Alison Margaret.<ref name=whoswho/> Norma Stoddart obtained a PhD in biochemistry and helped support the research efforts of her husband at the Universities of Sheffield, Birmingham, and California, Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=norma-agnes-stoddart&pid=1799050|title=Obituary – Norma Agnes Stoddart|date=14 January 2004|website=Los Angeles Times|access-date=18 November 2018|archive-date=19 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119132912/https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=norma-agnes-stoddart&pid=1799050|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 30 December 2024, Stoddart died from [[cardiac arrest]] at a hotel in Melbourne, Australia, where he was visiting his daughter, at the age of 82.<ref>{{cite web|title=J. Fraser Stoddart, Who Developed Microscopic Machines, Dies at 82|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/11/science/j-fraser-stoddart-dead.html|date=11 January 2025|last=McClain|first=Dylan Loeb|work=The New York Times|access-date=11 January 2025}}</ref><ref name="h186">{{cite web | last=Yiu | first=William | title=Fraser Stoddart, Nobel laureate and professor at University of Hong Kong, dies | website=South China Morning Post | date=31 December 2024 | url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education/article/3292928/fraser-stoddart-nobel-laureate-and-professor-university-hong-kong-dies | access-date=31 December 2024 | archive-date=31 December 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241231115315/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education/article/3292928/fraser-stoddart-nobel-laureate-and-professor-university-hong-kong-dies | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="k962">{{cite web | last=Halford | first=Bethany | title=Organic chemist and nanoscientist Fraser Stoddart dies at 82 | website=Chemical & Engineering News | date=31 December 2024 | url=https://cen.acs.org/people/obituaries/Organic-chemist-nanoscientist-Fraser-Stoddart/102/web/2024/12 | access-date=2 January 2025 | archive-date=2 January 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250102175414/https://cen.acs.org/people/obituaries/Organic-chemist-nanoscientist-Fraser-Stoddart/102/web/2024/12 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="t154">{{cite web | title=In Memoriam: Sir Fraser Stoddart | website=Universiteit Twente | date=31 December 2024 | url=https://www.utwente.nl/en/news/2024/12/46788/in-memoriam-sir-fraser-stoddart | access-date=31 December 2024 | archive-date=31 December 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241231212624/https://www.utwente.nl/en/news/2024/12/46788/in-memoriam-sir-fraser-stoddart | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="e524">{{cite web | title=Tributes paid to University of Sheffield Nobel Prize winner | website=BBC News | date=2 January 2025 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp3zr6lpdrko.amp | access-date=2 January 2025}}</ref>

==Philanthropy==
The Fraser and Norma Stoddart Prize for PhD students was established at their alma mater, the University of Edinburgh.<ref name="Award">{{cite web|title=Alumnus Presents New Prize for PhD Students|url=http://www.chem.ed.ac.uk/alumni/get-informed/newsletter-issue-5/alumnus-presents-new-prize-phd-students|access-date=27 May 2016|website=University of Edinburgh|archive-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701065749/http://www.chem.ed.ac.uk/alumni/get-informed/newsletter-issue-5/alumnus-presents-new-prize-phd-students|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was first awarded in 2013.<ref name="Prize">{{cite web|title=First Ever Fraser and Norma Stoddart Prize|url=http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/news/first-ever-fraser-and-norma-stoddart-prize|website=University of Edinburgh|access-date=24 May 2013|archive-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701061240/http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/news/first-ever-fraser-and-norma-stoddart-prize|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
Stoddart was appointed a [[Knight Bachelor]] in the New Year's Honours December 2006, by [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] for Services to Chemistry and Molecular Nanotechnology.<ref name="Marcus">{{cite web|last1=Marcus|first1=Jennifer|title=UCLA's J. Fraser Stoddart Adds Knight Bachelor to His List of Honors|url=http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/UCLA-s-J-Fraser-Stoddart-Adds-7598|website=UCLA Newsroom|date=4 January 2007|access-date=27 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218202130/http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/UCLA-s-J-Fraser-Stoddart-Adds-7598|archive-date=18 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Knight>{{cite web|url= http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Index.php?View=News/NewsSheet.php&ID=77|title= Ma'am to the Rescue|access-date= 19 January 2009|publisher= Stoddart Mechanostereochemistry Group|date= 13 June 2007|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100612192443/http://stoddart.northwestern.edu/Index.php?View=News%2FNewsSheet.php&ID=77|archive-date= 12 June 2010|url-status= dead}}</ref>

In 2007, he received the [[Albert Einstein World Award of Science]] in recognition for his outstanding and pioneering work in molecular recognition and self-assembly, and the introduction of quick and efficient template-directed synthetic routes to mechanically interlocked molecular compounds, which have changed the way chemists think about molecular switches and machines.<ref name="WCC">{{cite web|title=Prof. Sir Fraser Stoddart|url=http://www.consejoculturalmundial.org/winners/winners-of-the-world-award-of-science/prof-sir-fraser-stoddart/|website=World Cultural Council|date=24 November 2007|access-date=6 October 2016|archive-date=10 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010172245/http://www.consejoculturalmundial.org/winners/winners-of-the-world-award-of-science/prof-sir-fraser-stoddart/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2016, he shared the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] together with [[Ben Feringa]] and [[Jean-Pierre Sauvage]] for the design and synthesis of [[molecular machine]]s.<ref name="NP-20161005"/><ref name=":1" />

===Memberships===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
*2014 Membership, [[National Academy of Sciences]], US<ref name="NAS">{{cite web|title=Sir J. Fraser Stoddart, Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Biochemistry at UCLA, has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS)|url=http://www.chemistry.ucla.edu/news/national-academy-sciences|website=UCLA|date=1 May 2014}}</ref>
*2012 Fellowship, [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], US<ref name="Anyaso">{{cite web|last1=Anyaso|first1=Hilary Hurd|title=Faculty Members Named AAAS Fellows|url=http://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2012/04/american-academy-of-arts-and-sciences.html|website=Northwestern News|date=18 April 2012|access-date=27 May 2016|archive-date=28 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728181650/http://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2012/04/american-academy-of-arts-and-sciences.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2011 Honorary Fellowship, [[Royal Society of Chemistry]], UK<ref name="RSCFellow">{{cite web|title=Who our members are|url=http://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/who-our-members-are/#honorary-fellows|access-date=27 May 2016|website=Royal Society of Chemistry|date=10 February 2015|archive-date=16 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416061118/http://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/who-our-members-are/#honorary-fellows|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2008 Honorary Fellowship, [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]], UK<ref name="RSEFellow">{{cite web|title=Directory 2016/2017|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/publications/directory/directory_nolist.pdf|website=Royal Society of Edinburgh|access-date=27 May 2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102800/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/publications/directory/directory_nolist.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2006 Appointed Knight Bachelor by HM Queen Elizabeth II, UK<ref name=Knight/>
*2006 Foreign membership, Science Division of the [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/7175 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214185257/https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/7175 |title=J.F. Stoddart |publisher=Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |archive-date=14 February 2016 |access-date=14 February 2016}}</ref>
*2005 Fellowship, [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], US<ref name="AAAS">{{cite web|title=UCLA Members of the American Association for the Advancement of Science|url=http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/faculty/american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science|website=UCLA|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601131656/http://www.ucla.edu/about/awards-and-honors/faculty/american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science|url-status=live}}</ref>
*1999 Fellowship, [[Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]], Germany<ref name="Leopoldina">{{cite web|title=List of Members: Sir J. Fraser Stoddart|url=http://www.leopoldina.org/en/members/list-of-members/member/713/|website=Leopoldina|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624125748/http://www.leopoldina.org/en/members/list-of-members/member/713/|url-status=live}}</ref>
*1994 Elected a [[List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1994|Fellow of the Royal Society]] of London, UK<ref name=frs/>
{{div col end}}

===Other awards and honours===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
*2018 Fray International Sustainability Award <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flogen.org/?p=38&bio=Stoddart|title=Fraser Stoddart Winner of the Fray Award|website=www.flogen.org|access-date=3 February 2021|archive-date=8 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208000011/https://www.flogen.org/?p=38&bio=Stoddart|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2016 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]
*2016 Haworth Memorial Lectureship, [[Royal Society of Chemistry]]<ref name="Haworth">{{cite web|title=Sir J. Fraser Stoddart to deliver Haworth Memorial Lecture|url=http://www.rsc.org/news-events/articles/2016/oct/fraser-stoddart-lecture/|website=Royal Society of Chemistry|access-date=7 October 2016|date=7 October 2016|archive-date=9 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009152646/http://www.rsc.org/news-events/articles/2016/oct/fraser-stoddart-lecture/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Haworth lecture">{{cite web|title=Serendipity in science|url=http://www.rsc.org/news-events/175-stories/2016/nov/fraser-stoddart-lecture/|website=Royal Society of Chemistry|date=3 November 2016|access-date=3 November 2016|archive-date=4 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141408/http://www.rsc.org/news-events/175-stories/2016/nov/fraser-stoddart-lecture/|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2014 Centenary Prize Winner, Royal Society of Chemistry<ref name="Centenary">{{cite web|title=Centenary Prize 2014 Winner Professor Sir Fraser Stoddart Professor Sir Fraser Stoddart|url=http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/CentenaryPrizes/2014-winner-stoddart.asp|website=Royal Society of Chemistry|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=11 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611044124/http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/CentenaryPrizes/2014-winner-stoddart.asp|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2012 Distinguished Citizen Award, Illinois Saint Andrew Society, Chicago, US
*2010 Royal Medal of the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]] presented by [[Duke of Edinburgh]]<ref name="RSE">{{cite web|title=Royal Medallists|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/937_RoyalMedallists.html|website=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=6 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006213622/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/937_RoyalMedallists.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Fellman">{{cite web|last1=Fellman|first1=Megan|title=Sir Fraser Stoddart Honored With Royal Medal|url=http://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2010/08/stoddart.html|website=Northwestern University|date=3 August 2010|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=7 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007110732/http://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2010/08/stoddart.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2008 [[Davy Medal]] of the [[Royal Society of London]]<ref name="Davy">{{cite web|title=Award Winners Davy Medal|url=https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1021770356&single=true|website=The Royal Society|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=7 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507114325/https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1021770356&single=true|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2008 [[American Chemical Society]] [[Arthur C. Cope Award]]<ref name="ACSCope2008">{{cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Award|url=http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-c-cope-award.html|website=American Chemical Society|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=5 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005235854/http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-c-cope-award.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2007 [[Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology]] (Experimental)<ref name="Feynman">{{cite web|title=2007 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/FI/2007Feynman.html|website=[[Foresight Institute]]|access-date=26 May 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317013836/http://www.foresight.org/FI/2007Feynman.html|archive-date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
*2007 [[Albert Einstein World Award of Science]]<ref name="WCC"/>
*2007 [[Tetrahedron Prize]] for Creativity in Organic Chemistry<ref name="Tetrahedron">{{cite web|title=Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity|url=https://www.elsevier.com/awards/global/tetrahedron-prize-for-creativity|website=Elsevier|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005104629/https://www.elsevier.com/awards/global/tetrahedron-prize-for-creativity|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2007 [[King Faisal International Prize]] in Science<ref name="Faisal"/><ref name="CNANOI"/>
*2007 [[Jabir Ibn Hayyan]] (Geber) Medal ([[Saudi Chemical Society]])
*2005 University of Edinburgh Alumnus of the Year 2005 Award<ref name="Edinburgh">{{cite web|title=2005 – Professor J Fraser Stoddart|url=http://www.ed.ac.uk/alumni/services/notable-alumni/alumnus/fraserstoddart|website=The University of Edinburgh|date=21 April 2015|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701033853/http://www.ed.ac.uk/alumni/services/notable-alumni/alumnus/fraserstoddart|url-status=live}}</ref>
*2004 Nagoya Gold Medal in Organic Chemistry<ref name="Nagoya">{{cite web|title=The Nagoya Medal of Organic Chemistry|url=http://www.itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/news/NagoyaMedal.pdf|website=[[Nagoya University]]|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=6 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106215213/http://www.itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/news/NagoyaMedal.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
*1999 American Chemical Society Arthur C Cope Scholar Award<ref name="ACSCope1999">{{cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards|url=http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-cope-scholar-award.html|website=American Chemical Society|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102185942/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-cope-scholar-award.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*1993 [[International Izatt-Christensen Award]] in Macrocyclic Chemistry<ref name="Izatt-Christensen">{{cite web|title=Izatt-Christensen Awards|url=http://old.chem.byu.edu/faculty/jdl/ISMC/award.html|website=[[Brigham Young University]]|access-date=26 May 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140503195535/http://old.chem.byu.edu/faculty/jdl/ISMC/award.html|archive-date=3 May 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Nobelprize|name=Sir J. Fraser Stoddart}}
* [https://thescientistschannel.com/sir-james-fraser-stoddart Sir James Fraser Stoddart] on The Scientists' Channel

{{Albert Einstein World Award of Science Laureates|state=collapsed}}
{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry}}
{{2016 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{FRS 1994}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stoddart, Fraser}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Stewart's Melville College]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Sheffield]]
[[Category:Albert Einstein World Award of Science Laureates]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Chemistry]]
[[Category:Imperial Chemical Industries people]]
[[Category:Scottish chemists]]
[[Category:21st-century American chemists]]
[[Category:Scottish expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles faculty]]
[[Category:Northwestern University faculty]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Birmingham]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry]]
[[Category:Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Scottish Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:British Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:American Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Hong Kong]]