View source for Franciszek Bohomolec

{{Short description|Polish teacher, writer and satirist (1720–1784)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{expand Polish|topic=bio|date=April 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type             = priest
| honorific-prefix = [[Reverend]]  
| name             = Franciszek Bohomolec
| honorific-suffix = [[Society of Jesus|SJ]]
| title            = 
| image            = Franciszek Bohomolec.jpg
| image_size       = 220px
| alt              = 
| caption          = Franciszek Bohomolec, print by Karl Minter after a portrait by [[Ludwik Marteau]], 1826 
| elected          = <!-- or | appointed = -->
| term_start       = 
| quashed          = 
| term_end         = 
| predecessor      = 
| successor        = 
| opposed          = 
| other_post       = teacher, editor, dramatist
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination       = 1747
| ordained_by      = 
| consecration     = 
| consecrated_by   = 
| cardinal         = 
| rank             = 
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| created_cardinal_by =
| birth_name       = Franciszek Bohomolec
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1720|01|29|df=y}} 
| birth_place      = [[Vitebsk]], [[Republic of the Two Nations]]
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|1784|04|24|1720|01|29|df=y}}
| death_place      = [[Warsaw]], [[Poland]]
| buried           = [[Powązki Cemetery]]
| nationality      = [[Polish people|Polish]]
| religion         = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]
| residence        = Warsaw
| parents          = Paweł Bohomolec, Franciszka Cedrowska
| spouse           = <!-- or | partner = -->
| children         = 
| occupation       = teacher, writer, social satirist, philanthropist
| profession       = Jesuit priest
| alma_mater       = Wilnius Academy, [[Gregorian University]], [[Rome]]
| signature        = 
| coat_of_arms     = [[Bogoria Coat of Arms|Bogoria]]
| motto            = 
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| education        =
| signature_alt    = 
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}}
'''Franciszek Bohomolec''', S.J., [[Bogoria Coat of Arms]] (29 January 1720 &ndash; 24 April 1784), writing pseudonymously as: ''Daniel Bobinson, Dzisiejkiewicz, F. B., F. B. S. J., Galantecki, J. U. P. Z., Jeden Zakonnik S. J., Jeden Zakonnik Societatis Jesu, Lubożoński, Ludziolubski, M. Z. S. W., Murmiłowski, N. N., N** N***, Ochotnicki, Odziański, Pokutnicki, Pośrzednicki, Poznajewski, Prożniak nie Tęskniący, Staroświat, Śmiałecki, Szkolnicki, Theosebes, Ucziwski'', was a Polish [[Jesuit]] [[teacher]], [[writer]], [[poet]], satirist, social commentator, linguist, translator, [[dramatist]] and theatrical reformer. He was one of the principal playwrights of the [[Polish Enlightenment]]. After the [[Suppression of the Society of Jesus]], he continued his usual work and in addition became an editor, publisher and printer.<ref>Stanisław Bednarski T.J.: Bohomolec Franciszek. W: Polski Słownik Biograficzny. T. 2: Beyzym Jan – Brownsford Marja. Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności – Skład Główny w Księgarniach Gebethnera i Wolffa, 1936, s. 224–225. Reprint: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Kraków 1989, (in Polish) {{ISBN|83-04-03291-0}}</ref>

After completing his studies for the [[Jesuit]] priesthood and ordination in [[Vilnius]], he spent two years studying [[rhetoric]] in Rome. Bohomolec returned to [[Warsaw]] to teach. As well as teaching poetry, he began to adapt the comedies of [[Carlo Goldoni]] and [[Molière]] for performance by his pupils. His early works satirized the ignorance and folly of the Polish aristocracy. His later plays reached a wider public. They included ''Małżeństwo z kalendarza'' ("Marriage by the Calendar", 1766), which ridicules ignorance and superstition and is usually considered his best work, and ''Czary'' ("Sorcery", 1775), which also satirises superstition. ''Pan dobry'' ("The Good Landowner", 1967) is a social commentary on the relationship between peasants and the gentry. Bohomolec was an [[habitué]] of King [[Stanisław August Poniatowski]]'s weekly [[Thursday Dinners|Thursday Lunches]].

For the last 20 years of his life Bohomolec edited the magazine ''Monitor'', which greatly contributed to the Enlightenment in Poland. It was modelled on the famed English magazines ''[[The Tatler (1709 journal)|The Tatler]]'' and ''[[The Spectator (1711)|The Spectator]]'' and was one of the first modern periodicals in Poland. His works in [[Latin]] include a study of Polish [[vernacular]] language. A famous anonymous poem of his time, entitled, ''"Kurdesz"'', (taken from the [[Turkish language|Turkish]] word for 'brother') and addressed to the mayor of Warsaw, is most often attributed to him.<ref>{{Cite book | author = Kostkiewiczowa, Teresa| title = Oświecenie. Słownik literatury polskiej| publisher = słowo / obraz terytoria; Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe | place = Gdańsk | date = 2007 | pages = 95–96|language = pl| isbn = 978-83-7420-092-9}}
</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2014}}

==External links==
* [https://polona.pl/search/?filters=public:1,creator:%22Bohomolec,_Franciszek_(1720--1784)%22 Selected works of Franciszek Bohomolec] in the [[Polona]] Library Collection
*{{commons category-inline|Franciszek Bohomolec}}

{{Age of Enlightenment}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bohomolec, Franciszek}}
[[Category:1720 births]]
[[Category:1784 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Warsaw]]
[[Category:Clan of Bogoria]]
[[Category:18th-century Polish Jesuits]]
[[Category:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian philosophers]]
[[Category:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian poets]]
[[Category:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Enlightenment philosophers]]
[[Category:Polish male poets]]
[[Category:Polish male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Polish male writers]]
[[Category:Polish philanthropists]]
[[Category:Polish political writers]]
[[Category:Polish satirists]]
[[Category:Polish theatre directors]]
[[Category:Burials at Powązki Cemetery]]


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