View source for Foreign relations of Greenland

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}{{Use British English|date=January 2025}}
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{{About|the foreign relations of Greenland|the foreign relations of sovereign state of the Kingdom of Denmark|foreign relations of Denmark}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Hans_Egede_-_Johan_Horner.jpg|thumb|[[Hans Egede]] (1686–1758), [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] [[missionary]], credited with revitalising Denmark's relationship with Greenland]]
Being part of the [[Kingdom of Denmark]], the '''foreign relations of Greenland''' are handled in cooperation between the [[Cabinet of Denmark|government of Denmark]] and the [[Naalakkersuisut|government of Greenland]].

Unlike [[Denmark proper]], [[Greenland]] is not part of the [[European Union]] (EU). The country's status was changed to an [[Special member state territories and the European Union#Overseas countries and territories|Overseas Country and Territory]] (OCT) associated with the EU, a dependent territory that has a special relationship with a member state of the EU. However, Greenland remains a part of the [[Council of Europe]] and [[NATO]] as part of Denmark.

== General aspects of diplomatic relations ==
{{Main|List of diplomatic missions in Greenland}}

With the Kingdom of Denmark having the responsibility for Greenland's international affairs, other countries often do not have direct [[Diplomatics|diplomatic]] representation in Greenland—their embassies or consulates in Denmark are responsible for their relations with Greenland and their citizens in Greenland. Greenland is represented internationally by both the Greenland Representations and the embassies and consulates of Denmark. Further Greenland participates in the parliamentary Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers, and organisations as the [[West Nordic Council]] and the EU-based [[Overseas Countries and Territories Association]], the latter being former colonies of the EU (dependent countries/territories).

The [[United States]] reopened its consulate in June 2020, in Nuuk, after it closed in 1953.<ref name="np20200611">{{Cite news |date=2020-06-11 |title=U.S. opens consulate in Greenland, months after Trump attempt to buy the territory rejected |language=en-CA |work=National Post |agency=The Telegraph |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/trump-opens-consulate-in-greenland-months-after-u-s-attempt-to-buy-the-territory-rejected |access-date=2020-07-05}}</ref>

== Diplomatic representations ==
The [[Premier of Greenland]] is unable to speak to a foreign leader without a Danish ambassador present.<ref name="jungersen20250110">{{Cite news |last=Jungersen |first=Rasmus |date=2025-01-10 |title=Grønlænderne vil ikke være danskere - eller amerikanere: Her er de vigtigste pointer fra pressemøde |url=https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/indland/groenlaenderne-vil-ikke-vaere-danskere-eller-amerikanere-her-er-de-vigtigste-pointer |access-date=2025-01-10 |publisher=Danish Broadcasting Corporation |language=da-DK}}</ref> Greenland has representative offices in several countries and otherwise is represented by [[List of diplomatic missions of Denmark|embassies of Denmark]] worldwide. The Self-Government Act of 2009 allows the government of Greenland to open diplomatic offices, mainly within areas of full jurisdiction of Greenland, this being foreign trade, industry, fisheries, education, science, mining etc. Further Greenlandic [[diplomat|diplomats]], representing the government of Greenland, participate in areas of shared responsibilities between Denmark and Greenland, this mainly being observed in the defence cooperation between the Kingdom of Denmark and the United States.{{r|berlingske20191104}}

=== Current representations ===
[[File:Nordatlantens Brygge 01.jpg|thumb|Representative Office of Greenland in Copenhagen]]
* {{BEL}}
** [[Brussels]] ([[Greenland Representation to the European Union|Representative Office]])
* {{China}}
** [[Beijing]] (Representative Office)<ref>[https://kina.um.dk/en/news/greenland-now-represented-in-china Greenland now represented in China]</ref>
* {{DNK}}
** [[Copenhagen]] (Representative Office)
* {{Flag|Iceland}}
** [[Reykjavík]] (Representative Office)<ref>[https://www.arctictoday.com/greenland-names-first-representative-iceland/ Kevin McGwin: ''Greenland names first representative to Iceland'', arctictoday.com 28 August 2018.]</ref><ref>[https://www.arctictoday.com/greenlands-first-representative-iceland-man-reasons/ Kevin McGwin: ''Greenland's first representative in Iceland is a man for all reasons'', arctictoday.com 22 October 2018.]</ref>
* {{USA}}
** [[Washington, D.C.]] (Representative Office)<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/e33f5bfc-a49b-11e3-b915-00144feab7de Philip Stephens: ''Greenland building closer US relations, prime minister says'', ft.com 6 March 2014.]</ref>

=== Planned representations ===
* {{USA}}
** [[New York City]] (Representative Office)<ref name="berlingske20191104">{{Cite news |last=Kruse |first=Simon |url=https://www.berlingske.dk/content/item/1416458 |title=Verdens største ø vil til New York: Grønland lufter nye planer om kontorer i Kina og USA |date=2019-11-04 |work=Berlingske |access-date=2020-02-20 |last2=Mouritzen |first2=Kristian |language=da}}</ref>

== Diplomatic missions in Greenland ==
{{See also|List of diplomatic missions in Greenland}}
=== High Commission ===
* [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]]
** {{DNK}} (High Commission)
=== Consulate general ===
* [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]] 
** {{ISL}} (Consulate General)
=== Consulate ===
* [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]]
**{{Canada}} (Consulate)<ref name="Canada consulate">{{cite news |title='Finally': Greenland MP reacts to Canada opening consulate amid U.S. threats |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcOHM872qNs |access-date=12 November 2025 |publisher=CBC |date=12 November 2025}}</ref>
** {{USA}} (Consulate)<ref name="US consulate">{{cite news |last1=Wingate |first1=Sophie |title=US opens a consulate in Greenland, a year after a bid to buy |url=https://www.arctictoday.com/us-opens-a-consulate-in-greenland-a-year-after-a-bid-to-buy/ |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=ArcticToday |date=11 June 2020}}</ref>

=== Honorary consuls ===
* [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]]
** {{BEL}} (honorary consul)
** {{CAN}} (honorary consul)
** {{CZE}} (honorary consul)
** {{FIN}} (honorary consul)
** {{FRA}} (honorary consul)
** {{GER}} (honorary consul)
** {{LUX}} (honorary consul)
** {{NED}} (honorary consul)
** {{NOR}} (honorary consul)
** {{RUS}} (honorary consul)<ref>{{cite web |title=Consulates in Greenland - Naalakkersuisut |url=https://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments/INNAS/Udenrigs/Konsulater-i-Groenland |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730115812/https://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Departments/INNAS/Udenrigs/Konsulater-i-Groenland |archive-date=2021-07-30 |website=naalakkersuisut.gl}}</ref>
** {{SWE}} (honorary consul)
** {{GBR}} (honorary consul)
* [[Tasiilaq]], [[Greenland]]
** {{ISL}} (honorary consul)
=== Representative Office ===
* [[Nuuk]], [[Greenland]]
** {{EU}} (Representative Office)

== Disputes ==
* [[Pituffik]] and [[North Star Bay|Old Thule]] is a sensitive area, due to the forced removal of the local population when establishing [[Pituffik Space Base|the U.S. military base]], handling of removal, compensation of the locals, later incidents aggravated the case.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Kingdom of Denmark}}

* [[Greenland and the European Union]]
* [[Greenland–United Kingdom relations]]
* [[Politics of Greenland]]
* [[Proposals for the United States to purchase Greenland]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Greenland topics}}
{{Foreign relations of Denmark}}
{{Europe topic|Foreign relations of|title=Foreign relations in Europe}}
{{Americas topic|Foreign relations of|title=Foreign relations in the Americas}}

[[Category:Foreign relations of Greenland| ]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Denmark|*]]