View source for Ford Sidevalve engine

{{No footnotes|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox automobile engine
| name = Ford Sidevalve engine
| image = Ford 12M BW 2011-09-03 13-47-06.jpg
| aka = Ford Flathead engine
| manufacturer = [[Ford Motor Company]]
| production = 1932&ndash;1962
| predecessor = None
| successor = [[Ford Kent engine]]<br>[[Ford Taunus V4 engine]]
| configuration = [[Naturally aspirated]] [[straight 4]]
| displacement = {{cvt|933|cc|CID|1}}<br/>{{cvt|1172|cc|CID|1}}
| length = 
| width = 
| height = 
| weight = 
| block = [[Cast iron]]
| head = Cast iron
| valvetrain = [[Side-valve engine|Sidevalve]] 2 valves per cyl.
| fuelsystem = [[Carburettor]]
| fueltype = Leaded Gasoline
| oilsystem = 
| coolingsystem = Thermosiphon (pump was only fitted after 1953)
| power = {{cvt|36|hp|0}}
| specpower = 
| torque = 
| compression = 6.0:1
}}

The '''Ford Sidevalve''' is a side valve ([[flathead engine]]) from the British arm of the [[Ford Motor Company]], often also referred to as the "English Sidevalve". The engine had its origins in the 1930s [[Ford Model Y]], and was made in two sizes, {{cvt|933|cc|CID|1}} or "8 HP", and {{cvt|1172|cc|CID|1}} or "10 HP".

==History==
Early Ford Sidevalve engines did not have a water pump as standard, instead relying on [[thermosiphon]] cooling as the [[Ford Model T|Model T]] engine had. A water pump was added in 1953 for the 100E models when the engine was re-engineered to the point that few specifications are identical between the early and the later series. The Sidevalve engine was used in many smaller Fords as well as farm vehicles, commercial vehicles and a marine version in boats. Production of the engine was stopped in 1962. Windscreen wipers were often driven by the vacuum generated in the [[inlet manifold]].

The Sidevalve engine was also used in German Fords, starting with the [[Ford Köln]] in 1932 and ending with the last rear-wheel drive [[Ford Taunus P1]] 12M (G13/G13AL) in 1962. Early further research and development were being carried out at the German Ford engine plant in Cologne to improve the engine for ease of use in the Taunus line of cars, including a 44 hp 1.5 developed from the 1172&nbsp;cc for the [[Ford Taunus G93A|Taunus G93A]] but this work was finally halted in 1942. 

Ford of Germany would later make use of the work on the 1.5 development of the 1.2 Sidevalve and convert it to a 55 hp 1498&nbsp;cc Overhead-Valve design for the 1955 [[Ford Taunus P1|Ford Taunus]] 15M P1, which would later be further enlarged to a 59 hp 1698&nbsp;cc for the 1957 [[Ford Taunus P2|Ford Taunus]] 17M P2 and 69–74 hp 1758&nbsp;cc for the 1960 [[Ford Taunus P3|Ford Taunus]] 17M/TS 1750 P3 until production ceased in 1964.

It was replaced by the [[Ford Kent engine|Kent engine]] in Britain and by the [[Ford Taunus V4 engine|Taunus V4 engine]] in Germany.

==Modifications==
Many ways were explored to enhance the power output of the standard engine, most notably special [[exhaust manifold]]s, twin [[carburettor]]s, stiffer valve springs, thinner cylinder [[head gasket]]s and modified [[camshaft]]s. The most hardcore performance tuning available was the [[IOE engine|Inlet Over Exhaust]] (IOE) cylinder head conversion from Willment and Elva, which could be built to produce 70+ BHP <ref name="occ-300e">{{Cite web |url=https://www.oldclassiccar.co.uk/powermaster.htm |title=Ford 300E with race-modified 100E engine. |last=Jones |first=Rick |date= |website=www.oldclassiccar.co.uk |publisher= |access-date= }}</ref>

==Power rating==
The [[nominal horsepower]] quoted for each engine size comes from the British method of power calculation for [[tax horsepower|road taxation purposes]], and bears no relationship with the actual power output. [[Engine displacement|Displacement]], cylinder diameter, stroke, and number of cylinders determined the power for road taxation purposes.

==Gearbox & transmission==
A three-speed [[gearbox]] was fitted as standard; three forward and one reverse. Several ways of improving the performance through modifications to the gearbox and transmission train were applied; replacement [[close-ratio gearbox|close ratio gears]] fitted to gearbox, [[overdrive (mechanics)|overdrive]] gears fitted behind the original gearbox and higher ratio crown & pinion gears fitted to the differential unit on the back axle.

== Applications ==
=== Ford cars ===
*Ford Model Y (1932–1937)
*Ford Model C (1934–1937)
*Ford 7W (1937–1938)
*Ford 7Y (1937–1939)
*Ford Anglia E04A, E494A (1939–1953)
*Ford Prefect E93A, E493A (1938–1953)
*Ford Popular 103e (1953–1959)
*100E series
**Ford Prefect (1953–1959)
**Ford Anglia (1953–1959)
**Ford Squire (1955–1959)
**Ford Escort (1955–1961)
**Ford Popular (1959–1962)
*[[Ford Köln]] (1932–1935)
*[[Ford Eifel]] (1935–1939)
*[[Ford Taunus G93A]] (1939–1951)
*[[Ford Taunus P1|Ford Taunus]] 12M first generation (1952–1959)
*[[Ford Taunus P1|Ford Taunus]] 12M second generation (1959–1962)

=== Other makers or models ===
{{col-float}}
*[[Ashley (automobile)|Ashley]]
*[[Autobee Pacemaker]]
*[[Buckler Cars|Buckler]]
*[[Concordette]]
*[[Convair]]
*[[Dellow]]
*[[Fairthorpe Electron]]
*[[Falcon (car make)|Falcon]]
**[[Caribbean]]
**[[Bermuda]]
*[[Ginetta Cars]]
**[[Ginetta Fairlite|Fairlite]]
**[[Ginetta G2|G2]]
**[[Ginetta G3|G3]] (Also called Fairlite)
*[[Gregory (car make)|Gregory]]
*Hud
{{col-float-break}}
*[[Lotus Cars|Lotus]]
**[[Lotus Mk2|Mk2]]
**[[Lotus Mk4|Mk4]]
**[[Lotus 6|6]]
**[[Lotus Seven|7 S1]]
*[[Aston Martin|Martin]]
*[[Mazengrabs]]
*[[Morgan Motor Company|Morgan]]
**[[Morgan F4|F4]]
**[[Morgan 4/4|4/4 Series II]]
**[[Morgan F4|F4]]/[[Morgan F2|F2]]
**[[Morgan F Super|F Super]]
*[[Naco Estate]]
*[[Nota]]
{{col-float-break}}
*[[Paramount Cars|Paramount]]
*[[Rochdale (car)|Rochdale]] 
**[[Rochdale C-type|C-type]]
**[[Rochdale F-type|F-type]]
**[[Rochdale MkVI|MkVI]]
**[[Rochdale ST|ST]]
**[[Rochdale GT|GT]]
**[[Rochdale Riviera|Riviera]]
*Shirley
*[[Speedex Sirocco GT]]
*[[Streamliner]]
*[[TVR]] 
**[[TVR Grantura|Grantura I]]
**[[Tornado Cars|Tornado]] 
**[[Tornado Typhoon|Typhoon]]
*[[Cannon (car make)|Cannon]] 
**[[Cannon Trials Car|Trials Car]]
{{col-float-end}}

== Ancillary equipment, designers & other related information ==
*Aquaplane, manufacturer of dedicated exhaust and inlet manifolds for the Ford sidevalve engine, also aluminium alloy cylinder heads etc.
*[[Leslie Ballamy]], designer of split front suspension used on many Ford "specials"
*[[Buckler Cars]] manufactured 1172 Formula racing cars using a space frame chassis and the 4 cylinder English Ford Sidevalve engine and other Buckler sporting cars using similar equipment. Manufacturer of close-ratio gears, special axle ratios, and all types of engine tuning equipment for the 4 cylinder sidevalve engines.
*Willment in the UK, designed and manufactured IOE valve cylinder heads for the side valve engines. 
*Elva Engineering in the U.K. designed and manufactured overhead inlet valve conversion cylinder heads for this sidevalve engine, also complete sports/racing cars and other tuning parts.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.fsoc.co.uk/ Ford Sidevalve Owners Club]

== Bibliography ==
* Cars and Car Conversions, "Tuning [[SU Carburettor]]s", Speed and Sports Publications Ltd, (1968).
* G B Wake, "Ford Special Builders Manual", J H Haynes & Co Ltd.
* Philip H. Smith, "The Ford Ten Competition Engine", G T Foulis & Co. Ltd. A complete tuning manual. 
* John Haynes, "Building a Ford 10 Special", Auto Publications, London.
* John Mills, "The Constructions of Ford Specials", B T Batsford, London.
* Bill Cooper, "Tuning Side-Valve Fords", Speed and Sports Publications Ltd, (1969).
* Miriam Nyhan, "Are You Still Below", The Collins Press, (2007) — The Ford Marina Plant, Cork, 1917–1984. {{ISBN|9781905172498}}
* Ford Motor Company, "Anglia-Prefect Repair Manual"
* Dave Turner, "Ford Popular and the Small Sidevalves", Osprey Publishing Ltd, (1984). {{ISBN|1-90308-804-6}}
* Bill Ballard, "English & Australian Small Fords", Ellery Publications, (2002). {{ISBN|1 876 720 07 7}}

[[Category:Ford engines|Sidevalve]]
[[Category:Gasoline engines by model]]
[[Category:Straight-four engines]]