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{{Short description|Liftback sport coupe (1988–1997)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Ford Probe
| image = 2nd Ford Probe GT.jpg
|manufacturer = [[Mazda]]<br />[[Ford Motor Company]]
| production = 1988–1997
| model_years = 1989–1997
| assembly = United States: [[Flat Rock, Michigan|Flat Rock]], Michigan ([[AutoAlliance International|AAI]])
| predecessor = [[Ford Capri]] ([[Europe]] / [[Australia]])<br />[[Ford EXP]] ([[North America]])
| class = [[Sport compact]]
| layout = [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|FF layout]]
| successor = {{Plain list|
* [[Ford Cougar]] ([[Europe]])
* [[Mercury Cougar]]
* [[Ford ZX2]] ([[North America]])
}}
| related = {{Plain list|
* [[Mazda MX-6]]
* [[Mazda 626]]
* [[Ford Telstar]]
}}
| designer = [[Jack Telnack]]
}}

The '''Ford Probe''' is a [[hatchback#liftback|liftback (i.e., hatchback)]] [[coupé]] manufactured and marketed by [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] for model years 1988-1997 over two generations. The Probe was a byproduct of Ford's collaboration with its Japanese partner [[Mazda]], and both generations derived from the front-wheel drive [[Mazda G platform]] of the [[Mazda Capella]].

The Probe succeeded the [[Ford EXP]], and the instrument cluster of the first-generation Probe and pop-up headlight mechanisms were borrowed from the [[Mazda RX-7|FC Series RX-7]].

Based on the [[Mazda MX-6]] as a sport compact [[coupé|coupe]], the Probe was intended to fill the market niche formerly occupied by the [[Ford Capri|Capri]] in Europe, and it was originally intended to be the fourth generation [[Ford Mustang]] in the North American market as a direct competitor with the [[Honda Integra|Acura Integra]], [[Isuzu Impulse]], [[Nissan 200SX]], and the [[Toyota Celica]]. Ford's marketing team deemed the [[front-wheel drive]] platform would have lower production costs and would be acceptable (borrowed [[Mazda G platform|Mazda GD and GE platforms]])as front drive had gained considerably in consumer popularity.

Mustang fans objected to the [[front-wheel drive]] configuration, [[Japan]]ese engineering, and lack of a [[V8 engine|V8]], so Ford began work on a new design for the Mustang instead. On March 17, 1997, Ford announced the discontinuation of the Probe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.performanceprobe.com/text/info/history.htm |title=Probe History |publisher=Performanceprobe.com |date=March 17, 1997 |access-date=June 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207112708/http://www.performanceprobe.com/text/info/history.htm |archive-date=February 7, 2012 }}</ref>

== Background ==
Starting in the late 1970s, Ford and [[Carrozzeria Ghia|Ghia]] started exploring a series of futuristic designs with the "Probe" series of [[concept car|concept vehicle]]s.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080705143355/http://www.aus-cartalk.com/probe/history.htm History of the Ford PROBE, Concept Cars]</ref> The '''Probe I''', first shown in 1979, was a wedge-shaped design that incorporated a number of drag-reducing features like covered rear wheels and pop-up headlights. This was followed the next year by a much more conventional looking '''Probe II''', whose [[hatchback]] styling was also reminiscent of the [[pony car]]s. The 1981 '''Probe III''' was an advanced demonstrator with covered wheels, but its bodywork evolved into the more conventional [[Ford Sierra]] (or [[Merkur XR4Ti]]) and styling notes that were used on the [[Ford Taurus (first generation)|Ford Taurus]].<ref>{{cite web|author=mojo1961 |url=http://www.carstyling.ru/en/cars.1981_Ford_Probe%20III.html |title=1981 Ford Probe III |publisher=Carstyling.ru |date=May 2, 2010 |access-date=July 21, 2010}}</ref> The 1983 '''Probe IV''' was a more radical concept car with a low Cd ([[drag coefficient]]), and evolved into the equally radical 1985 '''Probe V'''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sergio |url=http://www.carstyling.ru/en/cars.1985_Ford_Probe%20V.html |title=1985 Ford Probe V (Ghia) |publisher=Carstyling.ru |date=June 10, 2008 |access-date=July 21, 2010}}</ref>

After the [[1979 energy crisis]], the economic slump initiated by high fuel prices prompted [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] to give the [[Ford Mustang]] a major redesign. The new design would be based on a totally new platform introduced to Ford by Japanese automaker [[Mazda]], who had been partnering with Ford since 1971, and whom Ford had owned a 25% stake in since 1979. Toshi Saito, a North American-based designer working for Ford, took the lead in envisioning styling directions for the front-wheel drive Mustang, and a design by Saito was chosen and finalized in early 1984. The project was then transferred to Mazda in Hiroshima, Japan and in internal Ford parlance, was referred to by the codename "ST-16".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Rosa|first1=Mike|title=Design Notes: 1989 Ford Probe|url=http://autosofinterest.com/2012/10/20/design-notes-1988-ford-probe/}}</ref> It was intended to gradually phase out the RWD Fox platform Mustang under the name "Mustang Classic" and have it eventually supplanted by the ST-16 as the "Mustang."

By 1985, Mazda acquired the former Ford [[Flat Rock Assembly Plant]] (then AutoAlliance International) in [[Flat Rock, Michigan]], and intended to commence production of the two Mazda-badged GD platform cars for North America, the 626 along with the MX-6, and the ST-16, contracted by Ford, in 1987.

Christopher Sawyer, writing for [[AutoWeek]] magazine, in their issue for April 13, 1987, was the first to publicly reveal the existence of the ST-16 Mustang in a sensational report that featured an artist rendering on the issue's cover of a vehicle nearly identical to what would be released as the 1989 Ford Probe GT stating "Exclusive: The '89 Mustang," along with detailed technical reports about its Mazda origins and switch to front-wheel drive. The public outcry was immediate, with many Mustang fans and [[pony car]] purists detesting the ST-16's Japanese engineering, front-wheel drive platform and lack of a V8 engine, which were anathema to traditional Mustang buyers and enthusiasts. Ford Motor Company executives, along with many car magazines received strongly-worded letters of criticism decrying the decision.

Neil Ressler, the then-chief of small car engineering at Ford, spoke about the internal cultural differences at Ford Motor Company which led to a strong disagreement between two factions that had radically different notions about what the Mustang should be:

{{cquote|This idea came forth that we would replace the Mustang with this front-drive car, the ST-16. There were a lot of people who thought that was a great idea—a modern car. There were also a lot of us who were appalled by that. It was like the champagne sipping crowd replaced the beer drinking crowd. The idea that we would replace the Mustang with a Japanese car—a different car from a different culture aimed at a different audience—this is not going to work.}}

By 1987, [[Alex Trotman]], the newly appointed vice president in charge of Ford's North American operations, with strong urging from Ford Marketing vice president Bob Rewey, a dedicated performance enthusiast, decided that in the light of consumer outrage, the ST-16 would not make a suitable Mustang. At this point, somewhat ironically, Mustang sales, which were lackluster, grew substantially after the article's publication, out of fear that it would be the last opportunity to purchase a traditional RWD V8 Mustang. While Trotman approved the development of a RWD successor, there were many difficulties, notably that the engineering budget for the Mustang was spent on the ST-16 and Ford was still recovering from a financial crisis of the early 1980s that brought the company close to bankruptcy until the [[Ford Taurus|Taurus]] arrived.

[[John Coletti]], Ford's small-car engineering manager and a vociferous opponent of the ST-16 Mustang, said of the project, "I would rather have seen the Mustang name die than put the Mustang name on the Probe&nbsp;...".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pierce|first1=Benjamin|title=How Ford Almost Ruined the Mustang|url=https://blog.americanmuscle.com/2016/10/20/how-ford-almost-ruined-the-mustang/}}</ref>

Ken Dabrowski, Ford's small-car line manager, tapped Coletti to lead a [[Skunkworks project|skunkworks team]] that would develop a RWD Mustang successor with the understanding there would not be a full budget to create an entirely new car. Coletti's team heavily revised the 1979 [[Ford Fox platform|Fox platform]] for the new car, which eventually became the [[Ford Mustang (fourth generation)|fourth-generation Ford Mustang]] released for the 1994 model year.

However, production for the ST-16 was about to commence, meaning Ford had to put it on sale or lose its development budget along with further potential financial headaches if Ford would break its production contract with Mazda. It was decided that the ST-16 would be released as the '''Ford Probe''' in 1988, taking the name from Ford's line of futuristic concept vehicles, and be sold alongside the Mustang, which would continue production in its then-current form with minor refreshing. Instead of being aimed as a successor to the Mustang or as a rival to its traditional competitors, the [[Chevrolet Camaro]] and [[Pontiac Firebird]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wernle|first1=Bradford|title=How Ford's pony car survived a brush with death|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20140411/OEM03/304149994/how-fords-pony-car-survived-a-brush-with-death|website=[[Automotive News]]|date=April 10, 2014|access-date=March 8, 2018}}</ref> Ford would aim the Probe against popular imported sports coupes of the era such as the [[Toyota Celica]] and [[Honda Prelude]].

Both generations of the Probe were sold in Japan as Fords, at Ford/Mazda sales channels called Autorama. Japanese models were not in compliance with Japanese Government regulations concerning [[vehicle size class#Japan|exterior dimensions and engine displacement]], resulting in Japanese buyers being held liable for additional taxes as a result.

The Probe was a sales success in its first model year, owing to its futuristic styling and enjoyable driving experience. In fact, demand exceeded supply in 1988, enough that buyers were paying list price or higher for a Probe, and Jim Mateja, the automotive columnist for the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'', urged potential Probe buyers who couldn't find a Probe to consider its sibling, the Mazda MX-6.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Mateja|first1=Jim|title=If You Can't Find A Ford Probe, Try Its Cousin: Mazda's Mx-6|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1988/08/21/if-you-cant-find-a-ford-probe-try-its-cousin-mazdas-mx-6/|website=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=August 21, 1988 }}</ref> Sales of the first-generation Probe were successful enough that Ford partnered with Mazda again, with further Ford engineering from the beginning of the project, to create a second-generation Probe for the 1993 model year developed alongside a second-generation Mazda MX-6. A proposed third-generation Probe, which would have been based on the [[Ford Mondeo]] instead of being Mazda-derived, was eventually released as the 1999 [[Ford Cougar|Mercury Cougar]] in the North American market to strengthen the Mercury brand. After disappointing sales of the Cougar and the waning popularity of front-wheel drive sport coupes in the late 1990s in favor of [[sport utility vehicle]]s, Ford left the market segment with the 2002 discontinuation of the Cougar, and the 2003 discontinuation of the ZX2.

== First generation (1989) ==
{{Infobox automobile
| name = First generation
| production = 1988–1992
| model_years = 1989–1992
| image = Ford Probe GT (40406914970) (cropped).jpg
| body_style = 3-door liftback
| platform = [[Mazda G platform#GD|Mazda GD platform]]
| wheelbase = {{convert|99|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|177|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|67.9|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1989–1991 GT: {{convert|68.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1991–93 GT: {{convert|68.3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|51.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1991–93 LX: {{convert|51.9|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1991–93 GT: {{convert|52.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| transmission = 4-speed [[Mazda G4A-EL]] [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]<br />5-speed [[Mazda M5]] [[Manual transmission|manual]]
| engine = 2.2&nbsp;L {{Convert|110|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Mazda F engine#F2|Mazda F2]] [[Straight-4|I4]]<br />2.2&nbsp;L [[Turbocharger|Turbo]] {{Convert|145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Mazda F engine#F2T|Mazda F2T]] I4<br />3.0&nbsp;L {{Convert|140-145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Ford Vulcan engine|Vulcan]] [[V6 engine|V6]]
| designer = Toshi Saito (1983)<ref>{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.performanceprobe.com/index2.php?redirect=http://www.performanceprobe.com/info/index.php?do=history|access-date=January 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135142/http://www.performanceprobe.com/index2.php?redirect=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.performanceprobe.com%2Finfo%2Findex.php%3Fdo%3Dhistory|archive-date=February 13, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Shoar|first1=Perry|title=Curbside Classic: 1990 Ford Probe GT – Under Pressure|date=September 24, 2020|url=http://www.curbsideclassic.com/curbside-classics-american/cc-capsule-1990-ford-probe-gt-under-pressure/}}</ref>
}}

The first generation Ford Probe was based on the [[Mazda G platform|Mazda GD platform]], and was powered by a 2.2&nbsp;L SOHC 12-valve 4-cylinder [[Mazda F engine#F2|Mazda F2 engine]]. It debuted in 1988 for the 1989 model year and was produced until 1992 in the United States in [[Flat Rock, Michigan|Flat Rock]], Michigan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-08-24|title=Mazda Finally Ends U.S. Production At Flat Rock, Michigan|url=https://www.automobilemag.com/news/mazda-finally-ends-u-s-production-at-flat-rock-michigan-165589/|access-date=2021-04-23|website=Automobile Magazine|language=en}}</ref> The Probe was available in several trim levels that differ depending on the market in which the vehicle was sold. In the [[United States]], the Probe was available in GL, LX, and GT trim levels:<ref name="Mon896">{{cite journal | ref=MA896 | journal=Le Moniteur de l'Automobile | page= 120 | title= Ford Probe: La Maztang |trans-title=Ford Probe: the MazTang | last= Geenen | first= Bernard | location=Brussels, Belgium | language=fr | volume=3 | number= 896 | date=March 31, 1988 | publisher=Editions Auto-Magazine }}</ref>
* The GL was the base model with the {{Convert|110|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}/{{convert|130|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} F2 2.2&nbsp;L 4-cylinder engine and few options. Most Probes sold in the United States were equipped with air conditioning.
* The LX added options for power locks, power windows, electrically adjusted exterior mirrors, a storage tray underneath the front passenger seat, as well as an optional flip-up moon roof. Starting in 1990, the LX was available with the 3.0&nbsp;L "Vulcan" [[V6 engine]], that was also used in the [[Ford Taurus]], [[Ford Ranger]], [[Ford Tempo]], and [[Ford Aerostar]]. The LX package offered optional equipment, such as a single-disc CD player, and a [[Electronic instrument cluster|digital instrument cluster]] coupled with a fuel economy computer installed in a hidden compartment on top of the center dashboard air conditioning vents.
* [[File:Ford Probe GT (40406915200) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Ford Probe GT rear]]The GT included all the equipment of the LX, but featured the F2T 2.2&nbsp;L [[Turbocharger|turbocharged]], intercooled 4-cylinder engine that produced {{Convert|145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|190|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque. It came with an IHI RHB5-VJ11 turbocharger and an intercooler to the intake tract, as well as a knock sensor and electronic boost controller to the engine-control system. The boost pressure was {{convert|7.3|psi|bar|abbr=on}} in the vicinity of 2,500 rpm. The GT version also came with 4-wheel disc brakes with [[Anti-lock braking system|ABS]], a 3-way adjustable suspension utilizing variable damping shocks, and a speed-sensitive variable-assist power steering (VAP). The Probe GT's suspension system was based on a Mazda design, but its tuning was different and included nitrogen-gas pressurized front and rear struts, with stabilizer bars.

The 1991 Probe was given a 4-star crash rating in collision tests conducted by the U.S. [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]].<ref name="NHTSA">{{cite web|url=http://www.safercar.gov/Cars/1125.html|title=NHTSA|access-date=February 29, 2008|work=safercar.gov}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

=== Engine specifications ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Engine Family|| [[Mazda F engine#F2|Mazda F2]]<ref name="For Probe FAQ">{{cite web|url=http://performanceprobe.com|title=Ford Probe Specs|access-date=February 29, 2008|work=performanceprobe.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430144354/http://www.performanceprobe.com/|archive-date=April 30, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> || [[Mazda F engine#F2|Mazda F2T]]<ref name="For Probe FAQ"/>|| [[Ford Vulcan engine]]<ref name="For Probe FAQ"/>
|-
| Engine Setup||  align="center"colspan="2" | {{cvt|2184|cc|L cc cuin|1|order=out}}<br />inline-4 || align="center"| {{cvt|2986|cc|L cc cuin|1|order=out}}<br />60° V6
|-
| Valve Train|| align="center"colspan="2" | 3-Valves SOHC|| align="center"| 2-Valves Pushrod OHV 
|-
| Compression Ratio||  align="center"| 8.6:1 || align="center"| 7.8:1 || align="center"| 9.7:1 
|-
| Power (SAE net)|| align="center"| {{cvt|110|hp|hp PS kW|0|order=out}} @ 4700 rpm<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" | {{cvt|145|hp|hp PS kW|0|order=out}} @ 4300 rpm|| align="center" | {{Cvt|140|hp|hp PS kW|0|order=out}} @ 4800 rpm ('90)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /><br />{{Cvt|145|hp|hp PS kW|0|order=out}} @ 4800 rpm ('91-'92)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| Torque (SAE net)||align="center"| {{cvt|130|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|0|order=out}} @ 3000 rpm<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" | {{cvt|190|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|0|order=out}} @ 3500 rpm|| align="center" | {{cvt|160|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|0|order=out}} @ 3000 rpm ('90)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /><br />{{cvt|165|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|0|order=out}} @ 3400 rpm ('91-'92)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| 0-60&nbsp;mph||align="center"|9.3s<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |7.0s<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-05-03 |title=Tested: 1989 $20K Sports Coupe Roundup |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/comparison-test/a36291810/1989-sports-coupe-comparison-test/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Car and Driver |language=en-us}}</ref>|| align="center" |8.2s<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| 1/4 mile|| align="center"|17.0s<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |15.3s @ {{cvt|90|mph|km/h|1}}<ref name=":0" />|| align="center" |16.2s<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| Top speed|| align="center"|{{cvt|113|mph|km/h|1}}<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /> Electronically Limited || align="center" |{{cvt|131|mph|kph|1}}<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |{{cvt|113|mph|km/h|1}}<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /> Electronically Limited
|-
| Fuel Delivering|| align="center" colspan="2" | Mazda with port-fuel injection || align="center"|Ford EEC-IV
|-
| Fuel Capacity|| align="center" colspan="3" | {{convert|15.1|usgal}}<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| Fuel Efficiency|| align="center"|{{cvt|10.2|L/100km|km/L l/100km mpgimp mpgus|1|order=out}} || align="center"|{{cvt|11.5|L/100km|km/L l/100km mpgimp mpgus|1|order=out}} || align="center"|{{cvt|13.7|L/100km|km/L l/100km mpgimp mpgus|1|order=out}}
|-
| NET Weight ||align="center"| {{cvt|2730|lbs|kg|0}} (MT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
{{Cvt|2810|lbs|kg}} (AT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
| align="center" | {{cvt|3000|lbs|kg|1}} (MT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
{{Cvt|3035|lbs|kg}} (AT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
| align="center" | {{cvt|2970|lbs|kg|1}} (MT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
{{Cvt|3070|lbs|kg}} (AT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|}

=== Production figures ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Ford Probe Production Figures<ref name="Standard Catalog of American Cars, 1976–1999">{{Cite book |last=Flammang |first=James M. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43301709 |title=Standard Catalog of American Cars, 1976–1999 |date=1999 |publisher=Krause Publications |others=Ron Kowalke |isbn=0-87341-755-0 |edition=3rd |location=Iola, WI |oclc=43301709}}</ref>
!
!Yearly Total
|-
|'''1989'''
|162,889
|-
|'''1990'''
|109,898
|-
|'''1991'''
|73,200
|-
|'''1992'''
|41,035
|-
!Total
!<u>387,022</u>
|}

== Second generation (1993) ==
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Second generation
| production = 1992 – June 20, 1997
| model_years = 1993–1997
| image = 1994-1996 Ford Probe liftback 02.jpg
| body_style = 3-door liftback
| transmission = 4-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]]<br />5-speed [[manual transmission|manual]]
| platform = [[Mazda G platform#GE|Mazda GE platform]]
| wheelbase = 1993–94: {{convert|102.9|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1994–97: {{convert|102.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| length = 1993–94: {{convert|178.9|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1994–97 Base: {{convert|178.7|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1994–97 GT: {{convert|179.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|69.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|51.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<br />1993–94 GT: {{convert|51.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|2619-2892|lb|kg||abbr=on}}
| engine = 2.0&nbsp;L {{Convert|118|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Straight-4|I4]]<br />2.5&nbsp;L {{Convert|164|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[V6 engine|V6]]
| designer = Mimi Vandermolen (1989)<ref name="core77.com">{{cite web|last1=Veit|first1=Rebecca|title=Mimi Vandermolen, the Ergonomics Genius Behind Ford's "Rounded Edge Revolution"|url=http://www.core77.com/posts/39532/Mimi-Vandermolen-the-Ergonomics-Genius-Behind-Fords-Rounded-Edge-Revolution}}</ref>
}}

The Ford and Mazda design teams merged once again to give the Ford Probe a complete redesign for the 1993 model year. As before, the Probe was to share its under-structure with Mazda's MX-6 and 626. Mazda engineered the engine, transmission, and chassis, while Ford engineered the body and interior. Technically, the second generation Probe is 60% Mazda and 40% Ford. Despite the car being extended and widened {{cvt|2|in|-1}} it was {{convert|125|lbs|-1}} lighter than the first generation Probe. The second generation Probe was introduced in August 1992 as a 1993 model. As first planned during 1992, it finally went on sale in Europe in the spring of 1994, filling the gap left there by Ford in that market sector since the demise of the [[Ford Capri|Capri]] seven years earlier. The Capri had regularly been one of Britain's 10 best selling cars throughout the 1970s, but its popularity declined in the early 1980s as Ford launched high performance versions of the [[Ford Fiesta|Fiesta]], [[Ford Escort (Europe)|Escort]] and [[Ford Sierra|Sierra]] hatchbacks. Such was the falling demand for this type of car that by 1986, when the end of Capri production was announced, Ford decided against launching a direct replacement.

The second-generation Probe was designed by a team led by Mimi Vandermolen, who led the interior design of the 1986 [[Ford Taurus]]. In 1987, Vandermolen became the first female designer to be the design executive of small cars for an automobile manufacturer, and Vandermolen designed the Probe to improve the driving experience for women, stating "If I can solve all the problems inherent in operating a vehicle for a woman, that'll make it that much easier for a man to use."<ref name="core77.com"/>

However, the late 1980s and early 1990s saw the sales of affordable sports cars recover, first with a rising demand for Japanese built models like the [[Honda Prelude]], [[Nissan Silvia]], [[Mitsubishi Eclipse]], and [[Toyota Celica]], and then with the [[Volkswagen Corrado]] and the [[Opel Calibra|Vauxhall/Opel Calibra]] from Ford's direct competitor [[General Motors]]. By 1992, Ford had decided that there was now justifiable demand in Europe for a new affordable sports coupe to be launched.

Ford had been hoping to sell around 20,000 Probes each year in Britain as the car market recovered from the effects of the [[Early 1990s recession|recession]] from 1992, but in the three years it was sold there, a total of just over 15,000 were sold - around a quarter of the projected figure for that length of time. Imports ceased during 1997, and its [[Ford Cougar|Cougar]] successor - launched a year later - was even less successful, being imported to Europe for just two years.

By February 2016, just 718 examples of the Probe were still in use in Britain.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/cars/enthusiasts/100-popular-cars-vanishing-from-our-roads/ss-BBpikzO#image=23 |title=100 popular cars vanishing from our roads |website=www.msn.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160213193718/http://www.msn.com/en-gb/cars/enthusiasts/100-popular-cars-vanishing-from-our-roads/ss-BBpikzO |archive-date=2016-02-13}}</ref>

The base model started at just over US$13,000 and came standard with the 2.0&nbsp;L Mazda FS 16-valve 4-cylinder engine, performance instrument cluster with tachometer and full gauge complement, and an electronic AM/FM stereo. The sportier GT model started at $15,504<ref name="Driver 1992, Pages 32-37">Car and Driver, August 1992, Vol.38 No.2, Pages 32-37</ref> and came standard with the 2.5&nbsp;L [[Mazda K engine]] KL-DE 24-valve V6, low profile P225/50VR16 91V Goodyear VR50 Gatorback tires, 4-wheel disc brakes, unique front and rear fascias, fog lights, 5-spoke aluminum wheels, leather-wrapped steering wheel, and driver-seat power lumbar/seat back side bolster adjustment. Both engines featured dual overhead cam designs with the choice of a 5-speed [[manual transmission]] or a 4-speed automatic transmission.<ref name="ReferenceA">Ford original sales brochure, Litho in Canada 4/92, Pages 20-21</ref>

Two [[automatic transmission]]s were available in the Probe. At first both engines shared the same automatic transmission, the [[Ford F-4EAT transmission]], but from 1994 onwards this changed.  The [[V6 engine]] continued to use the 4EAT, but the 2.0&nbsp;L I4 engine used a different automatic transmission, the [[Ford CD4E transmission]]. It was sourced by Ford, and manufactured at Ford's [[Batavia Transmission]] plant in Batavia, Ohio.<ref name="A-Team">{{cite web|url=http://atxprobes.com/atxinfo.html|title=ATX Info|access-date=February 28, 2008|work=atxprobes.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040904120713/http://atxprobes.com/atxinfo.html|archive-date=September 4, 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref>

A new SE (Sport Edition) trim level was available for 1995 and 1996. It included the GT front fascia (without fog lamps), unique {{convert|15|in|mm|adj=on}} aluminum wheels, P205/55R15 BSW and Sport Edition "SE" nomenclature.<ref name="autogenerated1">Ford original sales brochure, Litho in Canada 9/93, Page 14</ref>

In a coast to coast road test by Automobile Magazine in search of the best cars in the world, the Probe GT scored third place, behind an $80,000 Mercedes-Benz and an $80,000 BMW. In the article, the Probe listed at about $15,000.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

===Special editions===
For 1993 and 1994, Ford offered a "SE" appearance package on the base model Probe. The package offered 3 spoke swirl-style alloy wheels, the GT model's ground effects, and the GT model's front bumper. Unlike the base model, buyers were able to opt for power windows and mirrors on the SE package. Appearance wise, the only noticeable differences from the GT model were the wheels, "SE" nomenclature, rear bumper w/o air slot and lack of fog lights. "SE" was an appearance package and not an actual model or trim level. "SE" became a trim level in 1995 and was the middle-grade model in the Probe lineup between base and GT models.

In 1994, Ford released a limited edition of the Probe, marketed as the Probe "Feature Car", but officially called the "GT Plus" package. This special package is better known to the general public and enthusiast community as the Probe "Wild Orchid Edition". Included on this limited appearance package was Wild Orchid exterior paint, "PROBE" badge on floor mats outlined in Wild Orchid, black cloth bucket seats with unique Wild Orchid inserts, and the "PROBE" badge on the rear outlined in Wild Orchid. This package was offered in 1994 only, and was exclusive to GT models. After dropping the Probe Feature Car after only a year of production, Ford carried over the Wild Orchid exterior color for the 1995 model year which was available on all Probe models.

In 1997, a "GTS" package was offered on the Probe GT. It was essentially nothing more than an appearance package, as performance was identical to the GT, but differences with the exterior were distinct. Dual racing stripes available in either white or black started at the top edge of the front bumper and continued on to the back lip of the hatch, terminating just below the center light reflector on the rear bumper. A chrome plated version of the GT's directional "swirlie" wheels and a spoiler were also included in the package, as well as having a "blank" center reflector which lacked "GT" lettering as the regular GT models have. The "GTS" was an appearance package and not an actual model or trim level. Very few Probes were produced with the GTS package and are considered today to be extremely rare.
{{clear}}

===Models/trim levels===
* Base • 1993–1995; 1997
* SE • 1995–1996
* GT • 1993–1997

In most other markets outside [[North America]], trim levels were labeled as simply 16v (I4) and 24v (V6).

===Appearance packages===
* SE • 1993–1994
* GT Plus (Wild Orchid Edition) • 1994
* GTS • 1997

{{gallery
| width = 150
| height = 120
| File:93ProbeGT.jpg|1993 Ford Probe GT
| File:94ProbeGT red.jpg|1994 Ford Probe GT
| File:1995ProbeGT.jpg|1995 Ford Probe GT
| File:96ProbeGT.jpg|1996 Ford Probe GT
| File:97ProbeGT.jpg|1997
 Ford Probe GT
| File:97ProbeGTS.JPG|1997 Ford Probe GTS
}}{{clear}}
{{anchor|V30}}

=== Engine specifications ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Engine Family|| [[Mazda F engine#FS|Mazda FS]] || [[Mazda K engine#KL|Mazda KL-DE]]
|-
| Engine Setup|| align="center"| {{cvt|1991|cc|L cc cuin|1|order=out}}<br />inline-4 || align="center"| {{cvt|2497|cc|L cc cuin|1|order=out}}<br />60° V6
|-
| Valve Train|| align="center"colspan="2" | 4-valves DOHC
|-
| Compression Ratio|| align="center"| 9.0:1 || align="center"| 9.2:1 
|-
| Power (SAE net)|| align="center"| {{cvt|118|HP|HP PS kW|1|order=out}} @ 5500 rpm || align="center" | {{cvt|164|hp|hp PS kW|1|order=out}} @ 5600 rpm ('93-'95)<br />{{cvt|164|hp|hp PS kW|1|order=out}} @ 6000 rpm ('96-'97)
|-
| Torque (SAE net)||align="center"| {{cvt|127|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|1|order=out}} @ 4500 rpm || align="center" | {{cvt|156|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|1|order=out}} @ 4000 rpm ('93-'95)<br />{{cvt|160|lb.ft|lb.ft Nm|1|order=out}} @ 4800 rpm ('96-'97)
|-
| 0-60&nbsp;mph||align="center"|9.6s<ref>{{Citation |title=MotorWeek {{!}} Retro Review: 1992 Ford Probe | date=March 4, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDEukaGYBic |language=en |access-date=2022-10-18}}</ref>|| align="center" |7.0s (MT)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a15142784/1993-ford-probe-gt-archived-test-review/|title=Tested: 1993 Ford Probe GT|date=May 13, 2020}}</ref><br />8.5s (AT)
|-
| 1/4 mile|| align="center"|16.8s<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |15.5s @ {{cvt|89|mph|kph|1}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
| Top speed|| align="center"|{{cvt|113|mph|kph|1}} (electronically limited)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |{{cvt|133|mph|kph|1}} (MT)<ref name=":1" /><br />{{cvt|127.5|mph|kph|1}} (AT)
|-
| Fuel Capacity|| align="center" colspan="2" | 15.5 Gallons<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|-
| Fuel Efficiency|| align="center"|{{cvt|8.5|L/100 km|km/L l/100km mpgimp mpgus|1|order=out}} || align="center"|{{cvt|11.2|L/100 km|km/L l/100km mpgimp mpgus|1|order=out}}
|-
| NET Weight ||align="center"| {{cvt|2619|lbs|kg|1}} (MT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /><br />{{cvt|2712|lbs|kg|1}} (AT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />|| align="center" |{{cvt|2815|lbs|kg|1}} (MT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" /><br />{{cvt|2892|lbs|kg|1}} (AT)<ref name="For Probe FAQ" />
|}

===Year to year changes===
===1994===
*The 1994 Ford Probe becomes one of the first production cars to have dual airbags as standard equipment
*The dashboard gets a major overhaul. It now used completely different materials, and the right side is redesigned to house a passenger airbag
*Ford introduces the Probe in the European market
*Foglights are slightly redesigned and now made by a different company
*The stripe on the dashboard is gone, but remains on the interior panels
*The stripe color on Probe GT's door panels are changed from red to the color of the car's interior
*New Ford CD4E automatic transaxle for base and SE models
*"V6 DOHC 24 VALVE" emblem on engine intake manifold is no longer indented into the manifold and is now raised
*The button to raise the pop up headlights is removed but the wiring remained, the button could be added to restore function
*Fog light button on GT's is slightly redesigned

===1995===
*Redesigned tail lights; the base/SE models are outlined in black, the GT's are outlined in red
*SE becomes a trim level/model
*The wiring to raise the headlights without turning them on is removed
*SE model no longer has the GT's ground effects/side skirts
*Distributors are redesigned for better reliability
*New alloy wheels for SE and GT (3-spoke 15-inch directional for SE, 5-spoke 16-inch directional "swirlies" for GT)
*Two interior colors are dropped, Red and blue
*Interior panels no longer have a stripe on them
*Door panels are redesigned and are now a one piece design. GT models get a cloth or leather insert on the door panels.
*Cloth seats are redesigned and are given a unique "spider web" pattern
*GT models get the option of tan/saddle leather interior
*Cup holders are slightly redesigned
*GT models receive red center reflector with 'GT' logo between tail lights. License plate indent moved down onto bumper.
*GT decal on rear bumper replaced with metal '24v' badge
*Rear bumper is redesigned
*Exterior mirrors are redesigned
*Heated exterior mirrors option is dropped
*Graphic equalizer is dropped

===1996===
*"PROBE" badge stamped on rear windows is gone
*Door ding guards no longer are extended onto the fenders
*Base model dropped; SE is now the standard model
*Probe GT gets the 1995 base/SE's black outlined tail lights
*Illuminated exterior door locks are dropped
*Tan/saddle color interiors are now available in cloth
*Spoilers are redesigned
*Floor lighting is dropped
*"GT" center reflector above bumper on GT models is now outlined in black
*Probe GT gets more refined suspension to improve ride. Ride height is now higher and handling is different as a result.
*Cloth seats are redesigned again and get new fabric
*Probe GT now has spoilers standard
*Front seats are redesigned again 
*Rear seats are redesigned
*Probe GT steering wheel's leather is no longer perforated
*New seat belts with automatic locking retractors
*Rear ashtray and map pocket on the passenger door of GT models are dropped
*Rear windshield wiper dropped as an option
*[[On-board_diagnostics#OBD-II|OBD-II]] ECU
*New colors
*New interior finishes.

===1997===
*SE model is dropped; base model returns and has the GT's front bumper
*Cloth/leather inserts on GT door panels are removed
*Base models get wheel covers from the Mazda 626, with 15-inch 3-spoke directional alloys from 95 and 96 Probe SE optional 
*Or optional 16-inch 5-spoke directional rims "swirlies"
*Rear windshield wiper returns as an option
*ABS is no longer standard on GT models and is now an option
*GT logos behind the front wheel wells have new letter styling
*Probe GT no longer has "24v" badge beside the "PROBE" badge
*Side door intrusion beams redesigned to meet 1997 Federal Side Impact Standards
*GTS appearance package added to the GT's option list
*Last year for the Probe, with the last Probe being manufactured on June 20, 1997

{{gallery
| width = 180
| height = 120
| File:93ProbeGTinterior.jpg|1993 Ford Probe GT with red interior
| File:94ProbeGTinterior.jpg|1994 Ford Probe GT with black interior
| File:95ProbeGTinterior.jpg|1995 Ford Probe GT with black interior
| File:96ProbeGTinterior.jpg|1996 Ford Probe GT with saddle leather interior
| File:97ProbeGTinterior.jpg|1997 Ford Probe GT with black interior
}}{{clear}}
{{anchor|V30}}

===Production figures===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Ford Probe Production Figures<ref name="Standard Catalog of American Cars, 1976–1999"/>
!
!Yearly Total
|-
|'''1993'''
|119,769
|-
|'''1994'''
|85,505
|-
|'''1995'''
|58,226
|-
|'''1996'''
|30,125
|-
|'''1997'''
|16,821
|-
!Total
!<u>310,446</u>
|}

== Proposed third generation ==
The last Probe was built on June 20, 1997. A third-generation model, using the same platform as the [[Ford Contour]], was under development intended for release in mid-1998 as a 1999 model. When Ford decided to discontinue the Probe, this new design became the next-generation [[Mercury Cougar]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hemmings.com/blog/2013/05/16/cars-of-futures-past-ford-probe/ |title=Cars of Futures Past – Ford Probe |last=Ernst |first=Kurt |work=Hemmings Daily |publisher=American City Business Journals |date=May 16, 2013 |access-date=August 12, 2019}}</ref> The name change was intended to attract younger buyers into Mercury showrooms, but this proved unsuccessful.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} The [[Escort ZX2]], released shortly after the discontinuation of the Probe, was considered the Probe's successor.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} In June 1998, Ford released what would have been the new Probe as the [[Mercury Cougar#Eighth generation .281999.E2.80.932002.29|1999 Mercury Cougar]].

=== Awards ===
The Probe ''GT'' was ''[[Motor Trend]]'' magazine's [[Car of the Year]] for 1993. It also made ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine's [[Car and Driver Ten Best|Ten Best list]] for 1989, 1993, and 1994.

The [[NASCAR Dash Series]] version of a 1990 Ford Probe driven by [[Jeffrey Collier]] set a new track record at [[Daytona International Speedway]] on February 13, 1990, with a speed of 166.553&nbsp;mph. That record still stands as the fastest closed course lap for a non-turbo four-cylinder powered car.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* {{Cite magazine|title=Ford Probe GT|magazine=Car and Driver|pages=32–37|issue=August 1992|author=Kevin Smith}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.fordprobe24v.com Ford Probe 24v] – Information, documents, pictures, about Ford Probe 24v of 1993

{{Modern North American Ford vehicles}}
{{Modern European Ford vehicles}}
{{FordEurope}}
{{Ford Motor Company vehicles}}

[[Category:1990s cars]]
[[Category:Cars introduced in 1988]]
[[Category:Cars discontinued in 1997]]
[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Ford vehicles|Probe]]
[[Category:Front-wheel-drive sports cars]]
[[Category:Hatchbacks]]
[[Category:Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States]]
[[Category:Sport compact cars]]