View source for Ford Pilot

{{Use British English|date=October 2024}}
{{Short description|Car model by Ford (1947-1951)}}
{{distinguish|Honda Pilot}}{{Infobox automobile
| name = Ford Pilot
| image = Ford Pilot.jpg
| caption = Ford V8 Pilot saloon
| manufacturer = [[Ford of Britain|Ford UK]]
| production = 1947–1951
| aka = Ford V8 Pilot <ref>Ford V8 Pilot advertisement, ''Australian Monthly Motor Manual'', March 1950</ref>
| predecessor = [[Ford Model 48|Ford Model 62]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.simoncars.co.uk/ford/pilot.html |last=Geoghegan |first=Simon |title=Ford V8 Pilot |work=Simon Cars |access-date=2 April 2015}}</ref>
| assembly = United Kingdom: [[Ford Dagenham assembly plant|Dagenham]], [[East London]]<br /> Australia: [[Geelong]] ([[Ford Australia]])<ref name=Darwin>{{cite book |last=Darwin |first=Norm |year=1986 |title=The History of Ford in Australia |place=Newstead |publisher=Eddie Ford Publications |isbn=978-0959228724 |page=122}}</ref>
| successor = [[Ford Zephyr]]<br>[[Fordson E83W|Thames E83W]] (pickup & van)
| class = [[Mid-size]] / [[Large family car]] ([[D-segment|D]])
| body_style = 4-door [[sedan (car)|saloon]] <br /> 4-door [[estate car]] <br /> 2-door [[pickup truck|pick-up]] <br /> 2-door [[coupe utility]]<ref name=Restored_Cars>{{cite news |title=1949 Ford Pilot Sedan |newspaper=Restored Cars |issue=37 |date=July–August 2016 |pages=45–47}}</ref><br /> 3-door [[panel van]]
| height = 
| weight = {{Convert|3200|lb|abbr=on}}
| engine = 2.2 L [[Ford flathead V8 engine#136|V-8]] <br /> 3.6 L [[Ford flathead V8 engine#221|V-8]]
| width = {{convert|69.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|108.25|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=BritishCars>{{cite book |last1=Culshaw |first1=David |last2=Horrobin |first2=David |title=Complete Catalogue of British Cars |year=1974 |publisher=Macmillan |place=London |isbn=0-333-16689-2}}</ref>
| length = {{convert|175|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| model_code = E71A
}}

The '''Ford Pilot''' (''Model E71A'') is a medium-sized [[Automobile|car]] that was built by [[Ford of Britain|Ford UK]] from August 1947 to 1951.<ref name=AlleAutosder50er>{{cite book |last=Gloor |first=Roger |title=Alle Autos der 50er Jahre 1945–1960 |edition=1. |year=2007 |publisher=Motorbuch Verlag |place=Stuttgart |isbn=978-3-613-02808-1}}</ref> It was effectively replaced in 1951 with the launch of Ford UK's [[Ford Zephyr|Zephyr Six]] and [[Ford Consul|Consul]] models, though V8 Pilots were still offered for sale, being gradually withdrawn during that year. In its production run 22,155 cars were made.

==Engine and running gear==
The Pilot was the first large post-War British Ford.  It was based on the pre-War 22 hp Model 62 chassis, and was initially offered in 1947 with a 2535 cc side-valve 21 hp (66 bhp) V8  engine with the same stroke, but smaller bore,  as the 3621 cc 30 hp  (82 bhp) V8 engine. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=August 15, 1947 |title=A Smaller V8 |journal=Autocar |volume=91 |issue=2702 |pages=713 - 718}}</ref> Note that this 21 hp engine is different from the 22 hp 2227 cc (63 bhp) V8 engine used in some pre-war Ford cars. Dagenham cast its own version of the US 1937 Model 78, 21 stud, 30 indicated hp, 221 cubic inch/3.6 litre block and probably all ancillaries, most of which had Enfo part numbers. The E71A engine had a number of differences from the 1937 US engine. The block had one frost (core) plug at the rear on each side, just below the heads, the heads had the firing order cast in, the crankshaft had a long snout, allowing for the fitting of double pulley fan belts for trucks, and [[connecting rod|big end]] bearings were flanged 1/4 shells (4 per journal). The sump was also different, because it had a pear-shaped locating hole to accommodate the [[Lucas Industries|Lucas]] starter. Exhaust manifolds had a flowing design, which was an improvement on US versions.
[[File:Ford V8 Pilot OxfordPky GrilleBadge.jpg|thumb|left|180px|1949 or '50 Ford Pilot 3.6 V8 grille badge, Oxfordshire]]
The E71 30&nbsp;hp 3622&nbsp;cc engine developed {{convert|81|bhp|abbr=on}}, with a stroke of {{convert|3+3/4|in}} and a bore of {{convert|3+1/16|in}}, and was fed by a single [[Solex Carburetor|Solex]] [[carburettor]]. The engine, with twin-sheave belt pulleys, was also used in Thames trucks.

The gearbox had three forward ratios and one reverse, and gears were changed by a gear lever on the steering column. Steering used a form of worm and roller mechanism called a [[Marles steering gear|Marles]] steering box, which had an "hour-glass cam and a double roller".<ref name=PracticalMotorist1961>{{cite journal |journal=Practical Motorist |volume=84 |series=7 |last=Merritt |first=Peter |title=When the worm turns...or the pinion rotates...|pages=1278–1279 |date=August 1961}}</ref> The car was considered old-fashioned even when new, but its front brakes were hydraulically operated.<ref name=AlleAutosder50er/> The rear brakes were cable-operated.

The Pilot was built with 6-volt Lucas electrics, including the starter & generator. A twin exhaust system was standard, providing a quality sound.

The wide stud pattern {{convert|16|in}} wheels were the same as on 1936 to 1939 US cars. The front and rear brake drums were ENFO-made but had the same dimensions as the 1936 US Model 68.

Most Pilots were four-door [[sedan (car)|saloons]], based on the 1935 USA Model 48, but [[station wagon|Estate]] (Shooting Brake (Woody)) versions were also built. The chromed brass front windscreen could be opened for ventilation, pivoted about a top hinge. Leather upholstery was standard, and the trim on all interior window frames and the dashboard was made of [[Bakelite]] plastic. [[Trafficator]]-type turn indicators were standard, and a hydraulic four-jack system was optional. Production ended in 1951 when Ford replaced the Pilot with the [[Ford Zephyr|Zephyr]].

Like other Fords of its era, the Pilot had [[vacuum]]-driven wipers powered from the engine manifold, with a vacuum reservoir tank to improve performance under load, whereas wipers on US cars without the reservoir tended to work much more slowly or even stop under full throttle or under load. The car was reputed to accelerate from 0 to {{convert|60|mph}} in 21 seconds, have a top speed of {{convert|80|mph|abbr=on}}, and return {{convert|18|mpgimp}}.

Commercial versions of the Pilot saloon were also offered, such as [[van|vans]], [[Pickup truck|pickups]] and some [[Coachbuilder|coachbuilders]] also built [[Hearse|hearses]] upon the chassis. Some hearses based upon the Pilot had a lengthened wheelbase and increased length made by using imported American components. The Pilot vans and pickups were the only [[light commercial vehicle]] offered with a V8 in the UK, and although that greatly improved their speed and carrying ability, it was not economic for most fleet users. Thus, after the discontinuation of the Pilot range only the [[Fordson E83W|E83W]] models were kept on in production. Pilots were also exported to some European markets, including [[Norway]], where a local company called "Elverum Karosseriverksted" converted them into [[Ambulance|ambulances]].
<br />
<gallery widths="200" heights="150">
File:FordV8Pilot.jpg|Ford V8 Pilot saloon police car, with windscreen open
File:Ford V8 Pilot "Woody" (3356280201).jpg|Ford V8 Pilot estate
File:Ford V8 Pilot Pick Up - Flickr - mick - Lumix.jpg|Ford V8 Pilot pick-up. This one has non original US Ford hubcaps.
File:Ford V8 Pilot saloon (28932840316).jpg|Ford V8 Pilot saloon
File:1954 Ford V8 Pilot Pick-Up 3.6.jpg| Ford V8 Pilot [[panel van]]
File:1951 Ford V-8 Shooting Brake in the Sandringham Motor Museum.jpg|Ford V8 Pilot shooting brake (formerly owned by King [[George VI]]).
</gallery>

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==Australian assembly==
[[File:Ford V8 Pilot Coupe Utility.jpg|thumb|Ford V8 Pilot coupe utility. This body style differs from the pick-up in its roofline, side windows and integration of the rear bodywork]]
[[Ford Australia]] introduced the Pilot to Australia in 1949, importing the model in both fully assembled and [[semi-knocked down]] form.<ref name=Darwin/> Initially dearer than the Canadian [[Ford Custom V8]], its price was gradually reduced in relative terms until it was cheaper than the Custom.<ref name=Darwin/> A [[coupe utility]] variant was also produced.<ref name=Restored_Cars/> The  Pilot was sold new in Australia until well into the 1950s.

Such importation (along with that of the Ford Prefect and Anglia) was essential in maintaining a presence in that country after a refusal by the then-Federal Government to provide any direct financial assistance to produce a local car (this despite Ford providing a more detailed and comprehensive proposal than GMH, and despite the fact that many millions of pounds had been invested by Ford US in Australian vehicle assembly plants since 1925).<ref name=FordAustralianCars>{{cite book |last=Easdown |first=Geoff |author-link= |title=A History of the Ford Motor Company in Australia |year=1987 |publisher=Golden Press |location=Sydney |isbn=073-020112-0}}</ref> Australian vehicles were also exported to [[New Zealand]].
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==Motor sport==
[[Ken Wharton]] drove a Ford Pilot to victory in the 1950 [[Tulip Rally]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Ford triumph in the Tulip Rally |newspaper=The Autocar |date=28 April 1950 |page=490}}</ref> and in the 1950 Lisbon International Rally.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.teamdan.com/archive/www2/miscral/50miscra.html |title=Lisbon International Rally, June 1950' |work=Team Dan |access-date=1 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121331/http://www.teamdan.com/archive/www2/miscral/50miscra.html |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Ford Prefect]] – the intermediate family saloon
*[[Ford Anglia]] – the cheapest Ford of the range

==References==
{{commons category|Ford Pilot}}
{{reflist}}

{{Ford}}
{{FordEurope}}
{{Early European Ford vehicles}}

[[Category:1950s cars]]
[[Category:Cars introduced in 1947]]
[[Category:Ford of Europe vehicles|Pilot]]
[[Category:Rally cars]]
[[Category:Cars discontinued in 1951]]
[[Category:1940s cars]]
[[Category:Coupé utilities]]
[[Category:Station wagons]]
[[Category:Vans]]
[[Category:Ford vehicles|Pilot]]