View source for Football in Montenegro

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox sport overview
| boxwidth      = 250
| title         = Football in Montenegro
| image         = 
| imagesize     = 240px
| image_alt     = <!-- alt text, which will be seen when hovering over the image -->
| caption       = 
| union         = [[Football Association of Montenegro]]
| country       = Montenegro
| sport         = association football
| noncountry    = <!-- other country this country represents -->
| teamlabel1    = <!-- overrides the "National team" label with custom label -->
| nationalteam  = [[Montenegro national football team|men's national team]]
| teamlabel2    = <!-- overrides the "Representative team" label with customer label -->
| repteam       = <!-- overrides the representative team link, requires full wikitext syntax -->
| nickname      = <!-- nicknames -->
| first         = 
| registered    = 
| clubs         = 
| national_list = 
| club_list     = 
| intl_list     = [[UEFA Champions League|Champions League]] <br> [[UEFA Europa League|Europa League]] <br> [[UEFA Europa Conference League|Europa Conference League]] <br> [[UEFA Super Cup|Super Cup]] <br>[[FIFA Club World Cup]]<br>[[FIFA World Cup]] (National Team)<br> [[UEFA European Championship|European Championship]] (National Team)<br> [[UEFA Nations League]] (National Team)
| match         = 
| league        = 
}}

[[Montenegro]] was independent from the [[Late Middle Ages]] until 1918, when it declared its union with [[Kingdom of Serbia|Serbia]] and, subsequently, became part of various incarnations of [[Yugoslavia]] and the state union of [[Serbia and Montenegro]]. During this time, '''football in Montenegro''' was part of the wider Yugoslavian structures. As a result of the [[Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006|Montenegrin independence referendum]] held on May 21, 2006, Montenegro declared independence two weeks later, on June 3, and formed its own [[Football Association of Montenegro|football association]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wsc.co.uk/the-archive/18-letter-from/1228-montenegro |title=When Saturday Comes - Montenegro |publisher=Wsc.co.uk |date=2012-07-09 |access-date=2015-03-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://goal.blogs.nytimes.com/author/david-gendelman/|title=Montenegro’s Rapid Ascent Stuns England|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2015-03-11}}</ref>

==History==
===Pre-2006===
{{Main|Football Association of Yugoslavia}}
Football in Montenegro, as part of [[Yugoslavia]], was organised first by the [[Football Association of Yugoslavia]], founded in 1919 and renamed the [[Football Association of Serbia and Montenegro]] in 2003. [[Yugoslavia national football team|Yugoslavia]], later [[Serbia and Montenegro national football team|Serbia and Montenegro]], was one of the leading countries in European football. They twice reached the semi-finals of the [[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]] (in [[1930 FIFA World Cup|1930]] and [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]) and twice finished runners-up in the [[European football championships|European Championships]] (in [[1960 European Football Championship|1960]] and [[1968 European Football Championship|1968]]). The first player from Montenegro to play in a World Cup was [[Milovan Jakšić]] who was the Yugoslav goalkeeper at 1930 World Cup.  Ever since, Montenegrins were usually well represented in the Yugoslav and Serbia and Montenegro teams, some as [[Dragoljub Brnović]], [[Dejan Savićević]] and [[Predrag Mijatović]], became among the most prominent Yugoslav players of all time.

Initially, in the period between the two world wars, football in Yugoslavia was organised regionally. Each region had its own football subassociation which was responsible for organising its own league system which would organise the club in league competitions separated by vertically organised leagues. The top league would be formed by the best clubs within the subassociation and the winner would qualify to the [[Yugoslav First League|Yugoslav championship]] where it will met with the winners of all the other subassociations. There was no Montenegro at that time, but the territory of today Montenegro was included in a slightly enlarged [[Zeta banovina]] which besides today Montenegro also included the coast of [[Dubrovnik]] including the [[Pelješac]] peninsula, Eastern [[Herzegovina]], [[Raška (region)|Raška]] region of today Serbia, and Western parts of [[Kosovo]] and [[Metohija]].

The Zeta banovina had its football subassociation formed in March 1931 in [[Cetinje]], thus becoming known as the [[Cetinje Football Subassociation]]. Since that year the Cetinje subassociation formed its league system and would organise competition regularly as the rest of Yugoslav subassociations.<ref name="fos">[https://fosmedia.me/sport/fudbal/fos-kultura-sjecanja-detici-u-beogradu-ili-kako-su-crnogorski-fudbaleri-navikli-na FOS istorija: Đetići u Beogradu ili kako su 18. maja 1939. crnogorski fudbaleri prošli u prvom meču reprezentacije] at fosmedia.me, 18-5-2018, retrieved 6-8-2019</ref>

The Cetinje subassociation top league was marked by the rivalry between the two major clubs, SK Crnogorac from [[Cetinje]], and SK Balšić from [[Podgorica]].<ref>Sportista, n 13, Belgrade 18 July 1924, page 1</ref>  Before the Second World War Crnogorac was the only Montenegrin club to play in the final stage of [[Yugoslav First League|Yugoslav Championship]], and it was only in one occasion, in the [[1935–36 Yugoslav Football Championship|1935–36]] edition which was played in a cup system.

{{Main|Montenegrin clubs in Yugoslav football competitions (1946–2006)}}

Later, after 1945, the best Montenegrin clubs usually played in the [[Yugoslav First League]]. The Montenegrin Republic League was the highest league played on a Montenegrin level. It formed part of the third or fourth (depending on exact period) tier of football in Yugoslavia.  The [[Montenegrin First League]] was formed in 2004 as local second tier, and after Montenegrin independence, in 2006, it became country's top level.

===2006 FIFA World Cup===
Following Montenegro's independence in June 2006, the [[Serbia national football team|Serbia]] team was seen as the successors to the Serbia and Montenegro team. However, at the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]], held in the latter half of June and in July 2006, Serbia and Montenegro continued to play, representing the two independent states of [[Serbia]] and [[Montenegro]]. Despite an impressive record in qualification for the tournament, the team struggled in a [[2006 FIFA World Cup - Group C|tough first round group]] and were eliminated having won no games, conceded ten goals and scored just two. After the tournament, the team disbanded and was replaced by [[Serbia national football team|Serbia]].

===Post-independence===
The [[Football Association of Montenegro]] had been in existent as a sub-federation since March 1931, but applied for independent membership of [[FIFA]] and [[UEFA]] on June 30, 2006. Full membership of UEFA was given in January 2007. Meanwhile, the association had continued to run the Montenegrin First League as the new country's premier football competition. The winners of this will enter European competition in 2007. The [[Montenegro national football team|new national team]] was organised and its debut fixture was against [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] in [[Podgorica]] on 24 March 2007. The [[Montenegro national football team|Montenegrin side]] won the match 2–1.

==Domestic competitions==
Exclusively domestic competition started in Montenegro when Cetinje Football Subassociation started its regular league championship in 1931.<ref name="fos"/>

Nowadays, the top-tier football competition in Montenegro is the [[Montenegrin First League]]. It is at the top of a pyramid of three leagues, of which the lowest, the [[Montenegrin Third League]], is split into three regional competitions (North, Central, South). Since 2007, the champions of the Montenegrin First League enter the qualification for the [[UEFA Champions League]]; the runners-up and third-placed team will enter the [[UEFA Europa League]], same as a [[Montenegrin Cup]] winner.

Main Cup competition is [[Montenegrin Cup]]. Lower-tier teams are playing in the [[Montenegrin Regional Cups]], which have three divisions.

Women's competitions are existing since 2008. Top-tier competition is [[Montenegrin Women's League]], whose champion is playing in qualification for [[UEFA Women's Champions League]]. Another competition is [[Montenegrin Cup (women)]].

===League system===
====Men's football====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|  style="width:4%; text-align:center;"|
'''Level'''
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''League(s)/Division(s)'''
|-
|  style="text-align:center; width:4%; background:#efefef;"|
1
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''[[Montenegrin First League|Telekom 1.CFL]]'''<br>
''10 clubs''<br />
|- style="background:#c8c8c8"
| style="width:4%;"|
| colspan="9" style="width:96%;"| ↓↑ 1-3 clubs
|-
|  style="text-align:center; width:4%; background:#efefef;"|
2
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''[[Montenegrin Second League|Druga Liga]]'''<br>
''10 clubs''<br />
|- style="background:#c8c8c8"
| style="width:4%;"|
| colspan="9" style="width:96%;"| ↓↑ 2 clubs
|-
|  style="text-align:center; width:4%; background:#efefef;"|
3
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''[[Montenegrin Third League]]'''<br>
''29 clubs''<br />
|}

====Women's football====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|  style="width:4%; text-align:center;"|
'''Level'''
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''League(s)/Division(s)'''
|-
|  style="text-align:center; width:4%; background:#efefef;"|
1
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''[[Montenegrin Women's League]]'''<br>
''8 clubs''<br />
|- style="background:#c8c8c8"
| style="width:4%;"|
| 
|-
|}

====Futsal====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|  style="width:4%; text-align:center;"|
'''Level'''
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''League(s)/Division(s)'''
|-
|  style="text-align:center; width:4%; background:#efefef;"|
1
| colspan="12"  style="width:96%; text-align:center;"|
'''[[Montenegrin Futsal First League]]'''<br>
''10 clubs''<br />
|- style="background:#c8c8c8"
| style="width:4%;"|
| 
|-
|}

===Cup Competitions===
*'''[[Montenegrin Cup]]'''
*'''[[Montenegrin Regional Cups]]'''
*'''[[Montenegrin Cup (women)]]'''

==National team==
The [[Montenegro national football team|Montenegro national team]] played its first match in [[Podgorica]] on March 24, 2007, when they beat [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] 2–1.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://goal.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/09/hey-mirko-vucinic-show-us-your-underalls/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0|title=Hey, Mirko Vucinic, Show Us Your Underalls|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2015-03-11}}</ref> Its home stadium is [[Podgorica city stadium]] and its coach is Montenegrin footballer [[Zoran Filipović]]. Montenegro are members of UEFA and play in a red kit with yellow trim. After independence in June 2006, Montenegro was still represented by the [[Serbia and Montenegro national football team|Serbia and Montenegro team]] which had qualified for the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]]. Serbia and Montenegro's final game in this tournament, a 3–2 defeat against [[Ivory Coast national football team|Ivory Coast]] was the final game for the unified side.

The unofficial, debut Montenegro national team match was on 18 May 1939. The controversy involves the meaning or designation of ''national team''. The team of Montenegrin players that travelled to Yugoslav (Serbia) capital [[Belgrade]] by mid May 1939, which was formed of players from [[Podgorica]], [[Tivat]], [[Kotor]] and [[Cetinje]], corresponded to what was the first attempt to gather the best Montenegrin players in one team and play against an adversary. The team was not known as ''Montenegro'', or anything of the kind, but was the selection of the best players of the Cetinje subassociation. Other subassociations within Yugoslavia had this tradition of selecting their best players to form a team which would be the subassociation selection, longly established, but in the Cetinje subassociation case, this was the first time, and since, the Cetinje subassociation corresponded to Zeta banovina, which in turn corresponded to both, historical and modern Montenegro, this team was from the beginning considered as the Montenegro's best selection of players, thus, unofficially, the Montenegro national team. They travelled to Belgrade to play against the strong [[Belgrade Football Subassociation|Bekgrade subassocuation team]], and the game was to be a prelude to great FIFA-sponsored game between [[Yugoslavia national football team|Yugoslavia]] and [[England national football team|England]]. First Cetinje versus Belgrade subassociations and then the Yugoslavia versus England games were to be played at the BSK stadium, which at time had a capacity of 30.000 spectators and was the biggest and most modern in the Balkans (after Second World War and reconstruction it became the [[Partizan Stadium]].<ref name="fosmedia">[https://fosmedia.me/sport/fudbal/fos-kultura-sjecanja-detici-u-beogradu-ili-kako-su-crnogorski-fudbaleri-navikli-na FOS istorija: Đetići u Beogradu ili kako su 18. maja 1939. crnogorski fudbaleri prošli u prvom meču reprezentacije] at fosmedia.me, Branko Krivokapic, 18-5-2018, retrieved 6-8-2019</ref>

That year, the [[Football Association of Yugoslavia]] was celebrating its 20th birthday, and the decision to mark the occasion with an exhibition game with none less them the cradle of modern football, England, cost Yugoslav FA the nothing modest value of 240.000 [[Yugoslav Dinar]]s at time. The decision for the prelude of the game to be a match between Belgrade and Cetinje subassociations was mostly merith of [[Đuro Čejović]], at time president of the Cetinje subassociation and already in process of becoming the Minister of Sports in the cabinet of [[Dragiša Cvetković]], a nomination that became official slightly less than a month after the event.<ref name="fosmedia"/>

The organization of the Belgrade vs Cetinje game was delegated to Cetinje subassociation secretary, Milan Bokan, and his assistant, Vlada Mitrović, while the technicalities were the responsibility of 33-year old Milan Becić, who already had a playing experience besides local Podgorica and Cetinje, also abroad, having played for [[Montpellier HSC|Montpellier]] and [[CA Paris-Charenton|CA Paris]]. As they had time to prepare it, the game was filled with proud and prestige on behalve of Montenegrins, and Čejović provided 60.000 Dinars which at that time was a considerable amount, to select and properly prepare the cetinje subassociation team to present as highest quality football as possible. The selected players gathered at April 25 in [[Tivat]] where the 3-weeks preparations begin. Tivat was a logical choice as it was at time the only pitch with proper dimensions and had all other commodities such as showers.<ref name="fosmedia"/>

At the beginning 27 players were selected, they were members of Cetinje teams Sloga and Crnogorac, then Podgorica teams Balšić and Crna Gora, Arsenal from Tivat, Jugosloven from Kotor, Leotar from Trebinje and Hercegovac from Bileća. Accused by authorities of gathering youth with Communist ideals, players from Budućnost or Lovćen were ignored. The first games of this team were the preparation games against Dubrovnik and the combined team of Kotor and Tivat.<ref name="fosmedia"/>

As typical, media was divided and there was skepticism. The journal "Zeta" wrote that the important was not to be humiliated, specially because the game meant so much for all Montenegrins, from homeland, as much as the many living in Belgrade. Meantime, media from Belgrade, as case of Pravda, were calling the attention that football in the provinces as Montenegro has improved substantially and has been being worth much more attention for some time.<ref name="fosmedia"/>

At the day of the game, the stadium was full since morning and included even extravagances such as groups of cyclists which came from [[Skopje]] on their bikes in 3 days. At 15 hours in front of a 30.000 spectators, Montenegrin team entered the field. It was formed by  Ikontije Nakić, [[Vlado Božović]], Vlado Mugoša, Vojo Mugoša, Asim Đurđević, (Jovan?) Kruška, Rogović, Jovićević, Klemen, Arsić and – Karlo Marks. The ticket for only the Montenegrins against Belgrade game was 100 Dinars. When the game started the general impression was that they played with a lot a sacrifice and gambled risking good technical skills, however, at the end the result was a 2:6 defeat. But the general impression was good as potential was seen. As comfort, they could watch the game Yugoslavia against England, which Yugoslavia bravely won 2:1.<ref name="fosmedia"/>

==See also==
*[[Montenegro national football team]]
*[[Montenegrin Football Championship (1922-1940)]]
*[[Montenegrin clubs in Yugoslav football competitions (1946–2006)]]
*[[Football Association of Montenegro]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Football in Europe}}
{{Football in Montenegro}}
{{Montenegrin First League}}
{{Montenegrin Second League}}
{{Montenegrin Third League}}
{{Sport in Montenegro}}
{{League systems}}

[[Category:Football in Montenegro| ]]