View source for Fleuve

{{Short description|Senegalese breed of horse}}
{{for|the Pierre Favre album|Fleuve (album)}}
{{use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{use list-defined references|date=March 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox horse breed
| name            = Fleuve
| image           = 
| image_size      = 
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| status          = 
| altname         = {{ubl|{{langx|wo|i=no|Naru Gor}}|Narugor|{{nobreak|{{langx|fr|i=no|Cheval du Fleuve}}}}}}
| country         = [[Senegal]]
| distribution    = 
| standard        = 
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| colour          =  
| height          = over 1.44 m{{r|dehoux|page=37}}
| male_height     = 
| female_height   = 
| weight          = 325 kg{{r|dad}}
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}}

The '''Fleuve''' is a [[Senegal]]ese [[List of horse breeds|breed]] of [[riding horse]].{{r|dad}} Its name is the French word for "big river"; it is named for the [[Senegal River]] ({{langx|fr|i=no|Fleuve Sénégal}}). It is one of four Senegalese horse breeds, the others being the [[Foutanké]], the [[M'Bayar]] and the [[M'Par]].{{r|sen|page=23}}

== History ==

The origins of the horse in Senegal are not documented.{{r|larrat|page=261}} The Fleuve derives from [[Sahel]]-type horses from the [[Hodh]] and [[Kayes Region|Kayes]] regions of modern-day [[Mauretania]] and [[Mali]], to the north of Senegal.{{r|larrat|page=262}} Those in turn are descended from [[Barb (horse)|Barb]] horses from the [[Maghreb]] countries further to the north.{{r|mag|page=14}} The Fleuve has been described as a "degenerate Barb".{{r|dehoux|page=37–38}}

In 1996, Senegal had a horse population of about {{val|400,000}} head, the largest of any West African country.{{r|dehoux|page=36}} This was a substantial increase from the {{val|216,000}} reported in 1978,{{r|mag|page=10}} and a much greater increase from the population after the [[Second World War]], estimated at barely {{val|30,000}}.{{r|larrat|page=260}} Population numbers for the Fleuve are not reported.{{r|dad}} In 2007 the [[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]] did not have data from which to estimate the [[conservation status]] of the breed.{{r|barb|page=101}}

== Characteristics ==

The Fleuve is normally [[grey (coat colour)|grey]]. It is a well-made horse, with a fine head and slender legs; it is energetic, with lively [[gait (horse)|gait]]s. Poor examples may be too narrow in the chest, or have insufficient bone in the legs.{{r|mag|page=37}}

== Use ==

Horses play an important part in the social and economic life in Senegal.{{r|dehoux|page=52}} The Fleuve was once the horse of chieftains; it is now used as a [[saddle-horse]] and for [[horse-racing]].{{r|mag|page=15}}

It is also used in [[cross-breeding]]: a cross between a Fleuve [[stallion]] and an [[M'Bayar]] mare gives rise to the type called [[Foutanké]].{{r|mag|page=15}}

== References ==
<references>

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to: [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[https://dadis-breed-datasheet-ws.firebaseapp.com/?country=SEN&specie=Horse&breed=Fleuve&external=1&lang=en Breed data sheet: Fleuve / Senegal (Horse)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2025.</ref>

<ref name=dehoux>J.-P. Dehoux, A. Dieng, A. Buldgen (1996). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250831165101/https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e56d9a85-8d65-444d-a8c2-6231153383e1/content Le cheval Mbayar dans la partie centrale du bassin arachidier sénégalais] (in French). ''Animal Genetic Resources Information''. '''20''': 35–54. Archived 31 August 2025.</ref>

<ref name=larrat>René Larrat (1947). [https://revues.cirad.fr/index.php/REMVT/article/view/6780 L'élevage du cheval au Sénégal] (in French). ''Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux''. '''1''' (4): 257–265. {{doi|10.19182/remvt.6780}}.</ref>

<ref name=mag>Magatte Ndiaye (1978). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052810/http://www.sist.sn/gsdl/collect/eismv/index/assoc/HASH0ff0.dir/TD78-15.pdf Contribution à l'étude de l'élevage du cheval au Sénégal] (doctoral thesis, in French). Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires de Dakar. Archived 4 March 2016.</ref>

<ref name=sen>[Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles] (2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20191101064005/http://www.fao.org:80/ag/AGAinfo/programmes/en/genetics/documents/Interlaken/countryreports/Senegal.pdf Rapport national sur l'état des ressources zoogénétiques au Sénégal] (in French); annex to: [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 1 November 2019.</ref>

</references>

{{Horse breeds of Africa}}

[[Category:Horse breeds]]
[[Category:Horse breeds originating in Senegal]]

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