View source for Fehl-Ritzhausen

{{Infobox German location
|image_photo       = FehlRitzhausen1.jpg
|image_coa            = Wappen Fehl-Ritzhausen.svg
|coordinates       = {{coord|50|38|42|N|8|00|11|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan          = Fehl-Ritzhausen im Westerwaldkreis.png
|state        = Rheinland-Pfalz
|district         = Westerwaldkreis
|Verbandsgemeinde  = Bad Marienberg (Westerwald)
|elevation              = 498
|area            = 4.02
|postal_code               = 56472
|area_code           = 02661
|licence               = WW
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 1 43 222
|website           = [http://www.bad-marienberg.de/verwaltung/fehlritz.php Fehl-Ritzhausen]
|mayor             = Volker Uhr<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/1430000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Westerwaldkreis], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 9 August 2021.</ref>
|leader_term       = 2019&ndash;24
}}
'''Fehl-Ritzhausen''' is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a community belonging to a ''[[Verbandsgemeinde]]'' – in the [[Westerwaldkreis]] in [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Germany]].

==Geography==

The community lies in the [[Westerwald]] between [[Limburg an der Lahn|Limburg]] and [[Siegen]]. The river [[Nister (river)|Nister]], which is within the Sieg’s [[drainage basin]], flows from east to west through the municipal area. Fehl-Ritzhausen belongs to the [[Bad Marienberg (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Bad Marienberg]], a kind of collective municipality. Its seat is in the [[Bad Marienberg|like-named town]].

==History==
Fehl-Ritzhausen celebrated the 700th jubilee of its existence from 27 to 29 April 2007. The constituent community of Fehl had its first documentary mention on 6 January 1307 when Count Heinrich III of Nassau-Siegen and his wife Adelheid confirmed the existing revenue for the [[abbot]] and [[convent]] of the [[Marienstatt]] [[Cistercian]] [[Monastery]] in  ''Velde'' (=Fehl) and ''Graynsiven'' (=[[Großseifen]]). The first mention by name of ''Roitzhusen'' comes from 27 October 1340; in his will, the knight Eberhard Daube von Selbach bequeathed to his widow Sophia a pension out of the village [[tithe]]s that were owed him.

Both communities’ origins stretch, if anything, much further back into time, as the namings in the documents suggest. The placename ending ''–hausen'' hints at a possible founding in the 9th or 10th century. The ''Ritz'' – earlier also ''Roitz'' – part of the name most likely comes from ''Rode'' (“clearing” in [[German language|German]]), which was often used as a word from the 9th to 12th centuries to describe settlements established on cleared woodland. Even older is ''Fehl''. The name comes from the German word ''Feld'' (“field”), a word customarily used in the 6th century to describe settlements built on open land (“''Gefilde''”) or next to waterways. Indeed, Fehl’s inhabitants did settle on a waterway – the river Nister – whereas to the north, the Ritzhauseners lived under the ''Scheidchen'' [[castle]]’s protection, which shielded them from, among other things, the northwest wind which brought [[snow]].

Belonging to the parish of Marienberg, 4 households were counted in Fehl in 1589 and 8 in Ritzhausen with all together some 50 persons. Towards the end of the [[Thirty Years' War]], the population had sunk to 18. Fehl and Ritzhausen were first mentioned as two communities belonging together in 1592. In 1732, separate naming appears again, before an administrative reform within the County of Nassau-Beilstein once again united the two. Indeed, the ''Handbuch der Geographie und Statistik des Herzogthums Nassau'' from 1823 speaks explicitly of ''Fehl und Ritzhausen'' as ''zwei Dörfern<!--That is a dative inflection from the original Handbuch. Do not “correct”.-->'', but nevertheless characterizes the two as a double community, listing their population figures as one – ''213 Seelen'' (“souls”).

When [[brown coal]] pits opened in [[Höhn]] in 1746 and four years later in [[Stockhausen-Illfurth|Stockhausen]], Fehl-Ritzhauseners were offered another way to earn an income. Their home village was connected to the [[Mail|postal]] network in 1775, leading immediately to postal coaches and messengers making the village a base. Further important links to a broader civilization came with the community’s [[Electricity|electrification]] in 1917 and, ten years earlier, the [[railway]] link through the ''Westerwaldquerbahn'', which brought along with it a [[Railway station|station]] in 1906-1907. The branchline from Fehl-Ritzhausen to Bad Marienberg, however, was abandoned in 1971. Exactly ten years later came the end for the Westerburg–(Fehl-Ritzhausen)–Rennerod stretch of the line. Since then, regular [[bus]] traffic has kept the community linked with the surrounding area.

Fehl-Ritzhausen managed to keep itself mostly unscathed by the destruction wrought by the [[Second World War]]. In late 1944 and early 1945, however, there were three [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] [[airstrike|air raids]] on the community, their main target being the railway station. The enemy’s [[bomb]]s only caused slight damage, and there was no loss of life among the officially reported 521 inhabitants (as of 1939). All the more painful was the loss of 38 men from Fehl-Ritzhausen, who as [[Wehrmacht]] soldiers fell in battle or went missing. Already in the [[First World War]], the community had paid a high price in blood, losing 22 men. Some local families, such as Neeb, Schell, Schürg, Stalp and Steup were struck a second time in the Second World War. Owing to local men’s induction into the forces, there was a dearth of workers, and in both world wars, [[France|French]] and [[Russia]]n [[Prisoner of war|prisoners of war]] were brought in to do labour.

On 27 March 1945, the community was occupied by [[United States]] troops without resistance.

==Politics==

The municipal council is made up of 12 council members who were elected in a municipal election on 7 June 2009.

==Economy and infrastructure==

===Transport===
North of the community runs ''[[Bundesstraße]]'' 414 leading from [[Driedorf]]-Hohenroth to [[Hachenburg]]. The nearest [[Autobahn]] [[interchange (road)|interchange]] is ''[[Haiger]]/[[Burbach (Siegerland)|Burbach]]'' on the [[Bundesautobahn 45|A&nbsp;45]] ([[Dortmund]]&ndash;[[Hanau]]), some 22&nbsp;km away. The nearest [[InterCityExpress]] stop is the [[railway station]] at Montabaur on the [[Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.fehl-ritzhausen.de/ Fehl-Ritzhausen] {{in lang|de}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222702/http://www.bad-marienberg.de/verwaltung/fehlritz.php Fehl-Ritzhausen in the collective municipality’s Web pages] {{in lang|de}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929023045/http://www.fehl-ritzhausen.de/flyerritzefitz.pdf Flyer about 700th jubilee, with summary of village history] {{in lang|de}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071005085204/http://cgi-host.uni-marburg.de/~hlgl/atlas/pdf/28a-b.pdf settlement name types] {{in lang|de}}

{{Cities and towns in Westerwaldkreis (district)}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate]]
[[Category:Westerwaldkreis]]