View source for Federal Police (Mexico)

{{Short description|Mexican federal police}}
{{POV|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox law enforcement agency
| agencyname        = Federal Police
| nativename        = {{lang|es|Policía Federal}}<br/><small>{{nobold|1999–2019}}</small>
| abbreviation      = PF
| logo              = Mexico Federal Police Shield.png
| formed            = May 30, 2009 (from Federal Preventive Police)
| dissolved         = October 1, 2019
| superseding       = [[File:Logo de la Guardia Nacional (México).svg|frameless|24px]]  [[National Guard (Mexico)|National Guard]]
| preceding1        = 3rd Military Police Brigade, [[Mexican Army]]
| preceding2        = [[Mexican Federal Highway Patrol]]
| preceding3        = Mexican Federal Attorney Police 
| preceding4        = [[Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional|CISEN]] Counter-Intelligence Unit
| employees         = + 40,000 (at disbandment)
| budget            = US$34.6 billion (2010)
| country           = Mexico
| federal           = Yes
| governingbody     = [[Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection (Mexico)|Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection]]
| police            = Yes
| anniversary1      = Federal Police Day, June 2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2011/06/02/internacionales/62378 |title=México conmemora el Día del Policía. La Prensa |publisher=Laprensa.com.ni |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325070454/http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2011/06/02/internacionales/62378 |archive-date=2014-03-25 }}</ref>
}}
The '''Federal Police''' ({{langx|es|Policía Federal}}, '''PF'''), formerly known as the '''Federal Preventive Police''' ({{lang|es|Policía Federal Preventiva}}) and sometimes referred to in the U.S. as "[[Federales]]",<ref>In a news conference after the Zacatecas prison break in May, spokesman Ricardo Nájera for the Mexican Attorney General stated that the name and acronym PFP (Policia Federal Preventiva) has not been used for a year and a half.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR_eCjjRA9I |title=YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |access-date=2016-11-29 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213123144/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR_eCjjRA9I |archive-date=2017-02-13 }}</ref> was a Mexican national police force formed in 1999. In 2019 it was incorporated into the [[National Guard (Mexico)|National Guard]] and operated under the authority of the [[Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection (Mexico)|Department of Security and Civil Protection]].

The Federal Police was formed through the merger of four previously independent federal police agencies — the Federal Highway Police, the Fiscal Police, the Investigation and National Security Center, and the [[Mexican Army]]'s 3rd Military Police Brigade — and was initially referred to as the Federal Preventive Police.

Throughout its 20-year existence, the Federal Police was dogged by [[Police corruption in Mexico|allegations of widespread corruption]] and abuse — allegations which [[President of Mexico|President]] [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] said influenced his administration's decision to disband the force.<ref name=MPFTorture>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/former-top-police-official-mexico-arrested-torture-rcna1340|title=Former top police official in Mexico is arrested for torture|website=NBC News|date=6 July 2021 }}</ref> Since its disbandment, two high-ranking commanders have been arrested for offences they committed while leading the Federal Police.<ref name=MPFTorture /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-edny/pr/former-mexican-federal-police-commander-sentenced-10-years-imprisonment-drug|title=Former Mexican Federal Police Commander Sentenced to 10 Years' Imprisonment for Drug Trafficking Conspiracy|website=United States Department of Justice|date=9 February 2022 }}</ref>

The police force was 1,870,406,000 pesos in debt to creditors, members of the public, and former employees when it was disbanded.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.milenio.com/policia/hoy-ultimo-dia-de-la-policia-federal|title=Hoy, último día de la Policía Federal|website=Milenio|date=31 December 2019 }}</ref>

==History==
[[File:FederalPoliceDF.jpg|thumb|250px|Mexico City Federal Police Building.]]

On May 29, 2009, the [[Federal Preventive Police]] name was changed to Federal Police, and some duties were added to it. The Federal Police was created as the main Federal Preventive Police in 1999 by the initiative of [[President of Mexico|President]] [[Ernesto Zedillo]] (1994–2000) to prevent, combat and to enforce the law that drugs should not circulate on Mexico's streets. The PF has been assuming its authority in stages over time, as its budget has grown and it has combined and reorganized police departments from major agencies such as those for migration, treasury, and highways. Many large bus stations and airports in Mexico are assigned a PF detachment.

Public Safety Secretary [[Genaro García Luna]] hoped to reform the nation's long-troubled police. Among other steps, he consolidated several agencies into a Federal Police force of nearly 25,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-mexcopsbox15-2008sep15,0,3329902.story?track=rss |title=L.A. Times |publisher=L.A. Times |date=2008-09-15 |access-date=2014-03-25}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

The Federal Police celebrates its anniversary on July 13 every year (Federal Police Day), with its history dating to 1928 as the successor of the agencies mentioned above.

===Mexican Federal Preventive Police===
{{Infobox law enforcement agency
|agencyname   = Mexican Federal Preventive Police
|nativename   = Policía Federal Preventiva de Mexico
|abbreviation = PFP
|patchcaption = Badge of the Mexican Federal Preventive Police
|logo         = Escudo PFP.png
|formed       = January 1, 1999
|dissolved    = May 30, 2009
|preceding1   = [[Mexican Federal Highway Patrol]]
|superseding  = Mexico Federal Police
|employees    = 50,000-100,000
|country      = Mexico
|federal      = yes
|headquarters = [[CDMX]], Mexico
}}

The Mexican Federal Preventive Police was an agency created by the [[Mexican Highway Patrol]] in 1999. It was replaced by the Mexican Federal Police due to [[corruption]] problems and [[bribe|bribing]] issues. On May 30, 2009, the Mexican Federal Police took over the PFP's duties as the [[Federal Ministerial Police]] which also took over the [[Federal Ministerial Police|Mexican Federal Investigative Agency]]'s duties.

===Calderón's administration===
{{Main|Mexican Drug War}}

When [[Felipe Calderón]] took office as president in 2006, there were roughly half a dozen drug cartels in Mexico. Each of the organizations was large and dominated huge parts of Mexico's territorial landscape, and operated internationally and overseas as well.<ref name=bonner>{{cite news|last=Bonner |first=Robert C. |title=Cracking the Mexican Cartels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/16/opinion/16iht-edbonner16.html |access-date=7 July 2012 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=15 April 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829034729/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/16/opinion/16iht-edbonner16.html |archive-date=29 August 2012 }}</ref> When Calderón assumed the presidency, he realized that he could not rely on the federal police nor the intelligence agencies to restore order and crack down the logistics of the mafias.<ref name=bonner /> Over several decades, the cartels had bribed police commanders and top politicians; and often riddled with corruption, state authorities would not only fail to cooperate with other authorities in distinct federal levels, but would actively protect the cartels and their leaders. With limited options available, Calderón turned to the [[Mexican Armed Forces]], which, because of its limited involvement in acting against the cartels, remained relatively immune to corruption and organized crime infiltration.<ref name=bonner /> He then moved the military to parts of Mexico most plagued by drug-violence to target, capture, and – if necessary – kill the leaders of the drug trafficking organizations. Yet, the president understood that the military could not fight the cartels alone and needed cops to rely on for patrolling, collecting intelligence information, and gathering evidences necessary to prosecute drug traffickers.<ref name=bonner />

With the argument that he was tired of the corruption, Calderón abolished the [[Agencia Federal de Investigación|AFI]] agency created in May 2009 and created an entirely new police force.<ref name=bonner /> The new force has formed part of Mexico's first national crime information system, which stores the [[fingerprint]]s of everyone arrested in the country. They also have assumed the role of the Army in several parts of the country. According to ''[[The New York Times]]'', the federal police have avoided "any serious incidents of corruption."<ref name=bonner />

On October 21, 2008, President Felipe Calderón proposed to break the former Federal Preventive Police to replace it with a different organization, because "the PFP has not yielded the expected results and has not been a strong institution capable of serving as a model for all police services in the country."<ref>{{cite web|first=Andrea |last=Merlos |title=Pide Calderón 'zar' policiaco |date=2008-10-22 |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/primera/31838.html |publisher=El Universal |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024055722/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/primera/31838.html |archive-date=2008-10-24 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Toni |first=Cano |title=Calderón quiere una policía lejana a los narcos |date=2008-10-23 |publisher=Diario Córdoba |url=http://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=439387 |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211171753/http://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=439387 |archive-date=2009-02-11 }}</ref> The new corporation became the Federal Police. It provides support to the police as to the Federal District, states and municipalities. This decision was said to be not entirely unexpected, given the insufficient number of convictions, the alarming increase of violence, abductions and cases of corruption and complicity with organized crime elements.<ref>{{cite web |title=Relevan a 284 mandos de la Policía Federal Preventiva para depuración |date=2007-06-25 |publisher=Notimex |url=http://mx.starmedia.com/noticias/politica/mexico_198794.html |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211201450/http://mx.starmedia.com/noticias/politica/mexico_198794.html |archive-date=2009-02-11 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Ricardo |last=Ravelo |title=Las policias: Improvización, caos, desastre |date=2008-08-17 |url=http://democratanortedemexico.blogspot.com/2008/08/las-policas-improvisacin-caos-desastre.html |publisher=Democrata – Norte de Mexico |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708032853/http://democratanortedemexico.blogspot.com/2008/08/las-policas-improvisacin-caos-desastre.html |archive-date=2011-07-08 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Daniel Blancas Madrigal |title=Arrestan a más federales por el caso Martí |date=2006-09-26 |url=http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=387426 |publisher=La Cronica de Hoy |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020002225/http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=387426 |archive-date=2008-10-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jacinto |last=Segura Garnica |title=Gatilleros son empelados administrativos de PFP |date=2007-04-30 |url=http://www.oem.com.mx/elmexicano/notas/n295242.htm |publisher=El Mexicano |access-date=2008-10-23 |language=es }}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cae mando de PFP por proteger al Rey Zambada |date=2008-10-30 |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/163281.html |publisher=El Universal |access-date=2008-11-03 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102100115/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/163281.html |archive-date=2008-11-02 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Maria de la Luz |last=González |title=Confirma PGR arraigo de ex comisionado de PFP |date=2008-11-04 |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/552550.html |publisher=El Universal |access-date=2008-11-05 |language=es |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081107120940/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/552550.html |archive-date=2008-11-07 }}</ref>

=== Peña Nieto's administration ===
{{Multiple issues|section=yes|{{update|section|date=March 2014}}}}

In 2012, it was reported that President [[Enrique Peña Nieto]]'s government had proposed the creation of a new unit to replace all Federal Police duties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/worth-creating-gendarmerie-in-mexico |title=Is it Worth Creating a Gendarmerie in Mexico? - InSight Crime &#124; Organized Crime in the Americas |publisher=InSight Crime |date=2012-12-10 |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325072101/http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/worth-creating-gendarmerie-in-mexico |archive-date=2014-03-25 }}</ref> The Federal Police would not be disbanded, but they would be assigned to special tasks and missions.{{citation needed|date=May 2017}} Additional information on Mexico's planned [[gendarmerie]] was on the website MexiData.info on December 24, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mexidata.info/id3526.html |title=The 'National Gendarmerie' and Mexico's Crime Fighting Plans |publisher=Mexidata.info |date=2008-12-15 |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325071531/http://www.mexidata.info/id3526.html |archive-date=2014-03-25 }}</ref>

In 2014, the Federal Police's Gendarmerie Division was created with 5,000 police agents. Its focus is on providing ongoing public security in areas with heavy criminal activities and providing border security. It is also expected to reinforce state, city, and [[municipal police]] forces as needed. It is one of the seven constituent divisions of the Federal Police, reporting directly to the Commissioner, and the newest to be incepted.

The National Gendarmerie is defined as a military-grade force within the Federal Police.

===López Obrador's administration===
{{Main|National Guard (Mexico)}}
Before becoming [[President of Mexico]], [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] campaigned on a promise to take the military off the streets of Mexico.<ref name="WaPo-1">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/with-border-deployment-mexicos-new-national-guard-gets-its-first-big-mission/2019/06/10/91564d14-8ad2-11e9-b6f4-033356502dce_story.html|title=Mexico is sending its new national guard to the Guatemala border. The mission is unclear.|last1=Sieff|first1=Kevin|date=10 June 2019|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=2019-07-14|last2=Sheridan|first2=Mary Beth|language=en}}</ref> Shortly after getting into office, Obrador released a plan to create the National Guard under control of the [[Mexican Armed Forces]] which would be in charge of "preventing and combating crime".<ref name="WaPo-1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lopezobrador.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Plan-Nacional-de-Paz-y-Seguridad_.pdf|title=Plan Nacional de Paz y Seguridad|website=transicion.mx|language=es|access-date=14 July 2019}}</ref> Obrador stated that the new National Guard would be critical to solving Mexico's ongoing security crisis.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=A Look At Mexico's New National Guard |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/13/741391138/a-look-at-mexicos-new-national-guard |access-date=14 July 2019 |work=NPR.org |date=13 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite news |last1=Semple |first1=Kirk |last2=Villegas |first2=Paulina |title=Mexico Approves 60,000-Strong National Guard. Critics Call It More of the Same. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/28/world/americas/mexico-amlo-national-guard.html?auth=login-email&login=email&module=inline |access-date=14 July 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=28 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

On 28 February, [[Congress of the Union|Mexico's General Congress]] voted to approve a 60,000-member national guard.<ref name=":2"/> On 30 June 2019, the National Guard was officially established in the Constitution of Mexico.<ref name="NYT8Aug19">{{cite news |last1=Correa |first1=Catalina Pérez |title=México necesita una Guardia Nacional realmente civil |url=https://www.nytimes.com/es/2019/08/08/espanol/opinion/guardia-nacional-mexico.html |access-date=9 August 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=8 August 2019 |language=es-LA}}</ref>

The new National Guard, de facto successor to a similar formation raised in 1821 and abolished in 1935, is composed today of personnel from parts of both the National Gendarmerie and Federal Forces Divisions of the Federal Police.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9ob2xkdGhlc2V0cnV0aHN3aXRoZGFuY3JlbnNoYXcubGlic3luLmNvbS9yc3M/episode/MjQzNmEyOTMtZjM1YS00MDE2LWEwMjItOTU0MTQ2YmRiMDNi?sa=X&ved=0CBwQz4EHahcKEwigidz8kKj9AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAQ | title=Hold These Truths with Dan Crenshaw - Inside the Mexican Cartel Wars &#124; ed Calderon }}</ref>

==Strength==
In 2000, the PF had 10,878 agents and staff:
* 4,899 from the [[Mexican army]]'s 3rd Brigade of the [[Military Police]] ({{lang|es|Tercera brigada de policía militar}}), included two military police battalions and an Assault Battalion.
* 4,000 from the Federal [[Highway patrol|Highway Police]] ({{lang|es|Policía Federal de Caminos}})
* 1,500 from the Fiscal Police (Policía Fiscal Federal)
* 600 from the Interior Ministry's [[Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional|Center of National Security And Investigation]] ({{lang|es|Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional}}) – Mexican [[intelligence agency]].

==Organization==
[[File:Día_del_Policía_Federal.jpg|thumb|right|275px|Federal Police Day celebration.]]
Regulation of the Law of the Federal Police in the Official Gazette of May 17, 2010, to establish the basic organizational structure of this Decentralized Administrative Body, Article 5 of that system, comprising a total of 136 seats of middle and senior management, broken 130 seats structure, as shown below:
*1 General Commissioner;
*7 Divisions: Intelligence Research, Regional Security; Scientific, Drug, Federal and Gendarmerie Forces;
*1 General Secretariat;
*1 Internal Affairs;
*20 Coordination;
*66 DGs;
*6 DGs in aid to the Chief of the Division of Regional Security;
*32 State Coordination at the regional level; and
*1 Head of Internal Affairs.

===Commissioner General===
* Generale Vargas Pitt Azian of Legal Affairs
* Directorate General of Information
* Directorate General of Social Communication
* Directorate General of Planning and Coordination

===Intelligence Division===
* Coordination of Technical Services
* General Directorate of Technical Monitoring Center
** Directorate General of the Center for Risk Alert and Response
** Directorate General for Development and Operation of Coverage
* Covert Operations Coordination
** Directorate General Operations and Infiltration
** Directorate General of Recruitment and Resource Management
** Directorate General for Supervision and Surveillance
* Coordination Analysis and International Liaison
** Directorate General of Analysis and Statistics
** Directorate General for International Police Affairs
** Indicators DG Information Integration

===Research Division===
* Research Coordination Office
** Directorate General of Tactical Analysis
** General Directorate of Criminal Records and Records
** Directorate General for Crisis Management and Negotiation
* Coordination of Field Research
** DG Research of Crimes against the Security and Integrity of Persons
** Directorate General for Research of Crimes High Impact
** DG Research of Federal Crimes
*Technical Research Coordination and Operation
** Directorate General of Technical Operations
**Directorate General of Operational Intelligence
**Directorate General Tactical Support

===Regional Security Division===
* DG Personnel
* DG Information
* Directorate General Operations
* Department of Logistics and Training
* Directorate General of Planning and Supervision
* Directorate General of Operational Control
* State Coordinators (32)
* Regional Coordination Zones (5)
** Central Regional Coordination Zone
** Northeast Regional Coordination Zone
** Northwest Regional Coordination Zone
** West Regional Coordination Zone
** Southeast Regional Coordination Zone

===Scientific Division===
* For the Prevention of Electronic Crimes
** Department Cyber Crimes Prevention
** '''[[Computer emergency response team|CERT]]-MX''' – Centre of Expertise in Technological Response ({{lang|es|Centro Especializado en Respuesta Tecnológica}})
** DG Laboratories in Electronics and Forensic Investigation
* Coordination of Technological Innovation
** Directorate General for Emerging Information Technologies
** Department of Infrastructure and Implementation of Technological Processes
** Directorate General for Innovation and Development
* Coordination of Criminology
** Directorate General of Criminal Behavior
** DG Laboratories
** DG Specialties

===Drug Division===
* Drug Research Coordination Office
** Tactical Analysis Directorate General of Drug
** Directorate General of Records and Registration of Drug Trafficking and Related Crimes
** Liaison Department and Institutional Cooperation
** Field Research Coordination and Technical Drug
** Directorate General of Technical Operation Drug
** Directorate General of Drug Intelligence Operations
** Directorate General Tactical Support against Drug Trafficking and Related Crimes
* Research Coordination Illicit Resources
** Directorate General of Tactical Analysis of Crimes Financial System
** Financial Intelligence Directorate for Prevention
** Prevention Directorate General Operations Illicit Resources

===Federal Forces Division===
* Coordination for Law and Order Restoration
** Directorate General for Force Protection
** Directorate General for Rescue Operations and Civil Support
** Directorate General of Prison Transfers and Support
* Coordination of Immediate Quick Reaction Forces
** Directorate General of Physical Security
** Directorate General for Quick Action Forces
** Directorate General of the Canine Units
* Coordination of Special Operations
** Directorate General of Intervention
** Directorate General of Explosives
** Directorate General of Special Equipment

===National Gendarmerie Division===
''See article: [[National Gendarmerie (Mexico)]]''

*Coordination Bureau of the National Gendarmerie
** Directorate General of Planning and Logistics
** Directorate General of Strategic Operations and Special Units of the Gendarmerie
** Directorate General of Social Services and Public Affairs

===General Secretary===
* Coordination of General Services
** Directorate General of Human Resources
** Directorate General of Financial Resources
** Department of Material Resources
* Air Operations Coordination
** Directorate General Operations
** Directorate General Maintenance
** Directorate General for Aviation and Safety Supervision
* Coordination Technical Support
** Department of Information
** Directorate General of Telecommunications
** Directorate General of Technical Facilities and Maintenance
* Police Coordination System Development
** Control Directorate General Trust
** Directorate General of Civil Service System and Disciplinary
** Directorate-General for Education and Professionalization

===Internal Affairs===
* Directorate General for Internal Oversight Monitoring and
* Directorate General for Internal Investigation
* Directorate General Accountability

===Internal Control===

===Superior Academy of Public Security of the Federal Police===
* Directorate General;
* Directorate-General for Administration;
* Academic Board;
* Preceptory address
* Services Division

===Divisions===
[[File:Policia Federal (Mexico) cars at parade.jpg|thumb|Vehicles of the Policía Federal in a parade in Tepic]]

The Policía Federal consists of seven branches of service, known as divisions, administered by a central administration called the General Secretariat ({{lang|es|Secretaría General}})
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ssp.gob.mx/portalWebApp/wlp.c?__c=7f9 |title=Comisión Nacional de Seguridad |access-date=11 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201155721/http://www.ssp.gob.mx/portalWebApp/wlp.c?__c=7f9 |archive-date=1 December 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cns.gob.mx/portalWebApp/wlp.c?__c=1f402 |title=Comisión Nacional de Seguridad |access-date=11 December 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031231152/http://www.cns.gob.mx/portalWebApp/wlp.c?__c=1f402 |archive-date=31 October 2014 }}</ref>

* Anti-drug Division – {{lang|es|División Antidrogas}}
* Scientific Division – {{lang|es|División Científica}}
* Federal Forces Division – {{lang|es|División de Fuerzas Federales}}
* Intelligence Division – {{lang|es|División de Inteligencia}}
* Investigation Division – {{lang|es|División de Investigación}}
* Regional Security Division – {{lang|es|División de Seguridad Regional}}
* National Gendarmerie Division – {{lang|es|División de Gendarmería Nacional}}

There is also a separate Internal Affairs Unit ({{lang|es|Unidad de Asuntos Internos}}).

2010 included the {{lang|es|Policía Federal}} approx 35,000 civil servants on.<ref>{{cite web |author=Alex Gertschen |url=http://www.nzz.ch/nachrichten/politik/international/moral_fuer_den_krieg_ohne_absehbares_ende_1.7458708.html |title=Moral für den Krieg ohne absehbares Ende |date=6 September 2009 |publisher=Neue Zürcher Zeitung |language=de |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181127234406/https://www.nzz.ch/moral_fuer_den_krieg_ohne_absehbares_ende-1.7458708 |archive-date=27 November 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A Comisionado General (General Manager), which is used directly by the President of Mexico, heads with wide-ranging powers the institution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/ref/lpf/LPF_orig_01jun09.pdf |title=Diario Oficial de la Federación. Cámara de Diputados, 1. Juni 2009; retrieved, 15 April 2012 (PDF; 98&nbsp;kB, spanisch, Gesetzestext). |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612203609/http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/ref/lpf/LPF_orig_01jun09.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2012 }}</ref> Maribel Cervantes Guerrero broke off in February 2012 Facundo Rosas Rosas, who held this office since 2009 .<ref>{{cite web |author=kheinle |url=http://justiceinmexico.org/2012/02/13/mexico-names-first-female-chief-of-federal-police/ |title=Justice in Mexico Project, 13 February 2012 |publisher=Justiceinmexico.org |date=2012-02-13 |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302191907/http://justiceinmexico.org/2012/02/13/mexico-names-first-female-chief-of-federal-police/ |archive-date=2 March 2014 }}</ref>

The [[Grupo de Operaciones Especiales (Mexico)|Special Operations Group]] (GOPES) is the police elite counter terror hostage rescue unit.

==Ranks==
[[File:Grados 2-01.jpg|thumb|Rank insignia of the Mexican Federal Police.]]

;Commissioned officers
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/Mexico (Federal Police)}}
|}

;Basic scale ladder
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Mexico (Federal Police)}}
|}

The ranks from Commissioner to Commissioner General wear more complex rank insignia involving the seven-pointed star of the Federal Police badge above one to four five-pointed stars placed between two stripes.

==Equipment==

===Weapons===
[[File:HKUSP.png|thumb|[[Heckler & Koch USP]]]]
[[File:MP5.jpg|thumb|[[Heckler & Koch MP5]]]]
[[File:FN-FAL belgian.jpeg|thumb|[[FN FAL]]]]
[[File:G3a3 edit.png|thumb|[[Heckler & Koch G3A3]]]]
[[File:MSG 90 rifle museum 2014.jpg|thumb|[[Heckler & Koch MSG90]]]]
[[File:HK21.JPG|thumb|[[Heckler & Koch HK21]]]]
[[File:Shotgun Mossberg 590.jpg|thumb|[[Mossberg 500]]]]

====Pistols====
* [[Glock pistol]]
* [[Heckler & Koch USP]]
* [[Jericho 941]]
* [[FN FNP|FNP-9]]
* CZ P-09

====Submachine guns====
* [[Colt 9&nbsp;mm SMG]]
* [[Heckler & Koch MP5]]
* [[Heckler & Koch MP7]]
* [[Heckler & Koch UMP]]
* [[Uzi]]

===== Long guns =====
* [[Beretta AR70/90]]
* [[Beretta ARX 160]]
* [[CZ-805 BREN]]
* [[FN FAL]]
* [[Galil ACE]]
* [[Heckler & Koch G3]]

====Sniper rifles====
* [[Barrett M82]]
* [[DSR-50]]
* [[Heckler & Koch PSG1|Heckler & Koch MSG90]]

====Machine guns====
* [[FN MAG]]
* [[FN Minimi]]
* [[Heckler & Koch HK21]]
* [[IMI Negev]]
* [[M2 Browning]]
* [[M60E4]]

====Shotguns====
* [[Mossberg 500]]

====Grenade Launchers====
* [[Heckler & Koch AG36]]
* [[Milkor MGL]]

===Transport===
The Mexican Federal Police has many vehicles; land, [[Police watercraft|sea]], and [[Police aviation|air]], it is estimated to own more than 17,000 [[Police car|patrol cars]]. The exact information regarding transport vehicles and aircraft that comprise the fleet of the Federal Police is [[classified information|classified]], to protect the life and efficiency of agents.<ref>[http://www.ssp.gob.mx/portalWebApp/appmanager/ssp/desk?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ssp_page_3&nodeId=/BEA%20Repository/270813//archivo&pathImg=%2FBEA+Repository%2Fimport%2FPolicia+Federal+Preventiva%2FLey+de+Transparencia+en+la+PFP%2FSOLICITUDES+Y+RESPUESTAS%2FSOLICITUDES+Y+RESPUESTAS+2007&docName=Documento%20sin%20título Transporte] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412030916/http://www.ssp.gob.mx/portalWebApp/appmanager/ssp/desk?_nfpb=true |date=2016-04-12 }}</ref>

Rotary wing and fixed wing pilot training takes place in the school of Naval Aviation located in Las Bajadas, Veracruz.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://portalaviacion.vuela.com.mx/articulos/enaval.html |title=Entrenamiento de Pilotos de la PF |publisher=Portalaviacion.vuela.com.mx |access-date=2014-03-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706125904/http://portalaviacion.vuela.com.mx/articulos/enaval.html |archive-date=2012-07-06 }}</ref>

===Aircraft===
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Manufacturer
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Aircraft
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Versions
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Type
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|In Service
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Origin
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Notes
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Image
|-
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''Fixed-wing aircraft'''
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"

|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA|CASA]] || [[CASA CN-235]] || CN-235-400 || Transport || 2 || {{ESP}} || 1 on order ||[[File:PF-512 Casa C.235 Policia Federal (7629940848).jpg|center|100px]]
|-
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''Unmanned aerial vehicles'''
|-
| [[Hydra Technologies]] ||[[Hydra Technologies Ehécatl|Hydra Technologies S4 Ehécatl]]|| S4B || Observation & Reconnaissance || 12 || {{MEX}} || Will be supported by 3 [[Elbit Hermes 900]] ||[[File:S4ehecatl1.jpg|center|100px]]
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[Elbit Systems]] || [[Elbit Hermes 450]]|| H-450 || Observation & Reconnaissance || 4 || {{ISR}} || 10 ||[[File:Hermes 450 in flight.jpg|center|100px]]
|-
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''Helicopters'''
|-
| [[Sikorsky Aircraft|Sikorsky]] || [[UH-60 Black Hawk]]|| UH-60M/L || Transport & Air Support|| 13 || {{USA}} ||  ||[[File:Día del Policía. 88 Aniversario de la Policía Federal (27677338323).jpg|center|100px]]
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant|Mil]] ||[[Mil Mi-17]]|| Mi-171-V || Transport & Air Support || 3 || {{RUS}} ||  ||[[File:Mil Mi-17MTV-1 Hip, Mexico - Police JP6047258.jpg|center|100px]]
|-
| [[Eurocopter]] || [[Eurocopter AS350]] Écureuil|| AS350L1 || Reconnaissance & Air Support || 10|| {{EU}} || 3 more ordered ||[[File:Eurocopter AS 350B3 Squirrel, Mexico - Police JP5968496.jpg|center|100px]]
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[Eurocopter]] || [[Eurocopter EC120 Colibri]]|| EC120 || Transport & Reconnaissance || 3 || {{EU}} ||  ||[[File:Eurocopter Colibri Policia Nacional.jpg|center|100px]]
|-
| [[Bell Helicopter]] || [[Bell 206]] || B-206L || Transport & Reconnaissance || 5 || {{USA}} || 1 loss || [[File:Helicóptero de la Policía de México.jpg|center|100px]]
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[Bell Helicopter]] || [[Bell 412]] || B-412EP || Transport, Air Support & Reconnaissance || 3 || {{USA}} || Recently introduced, accompanied by one B-412 from the [[Fuerza Aérea Mexicana|FAM]] ||[[File:Bell 412EP, Mexico - Air Force AN2158278.jpg|center|100px]]
|- style="background:#efefef; color:black"
| [[MD Helicopters]] || [[MD Helicopters MD 500|MD 500]]|| MD 530G || Reconnaissance & Air Support || 7 || {{USA}} || Recently introduced, accompanied by one B-412 from the [[Fuerza Aérea Mexicana|FAM]] ||[[File:1138 Hughes 369 MD-500 Fuerza Aerea Mexicana (7635534028).jpg|center|100px]]
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Mexico}}
* [[Attorney General of Mexico]] 
* [[Crime in Mexico]]
* [[Federales]]
* [[Grupo de Operaciones Especiales (Mexico)]]
* [[Rurales]]
* [[Mexican Drug War]]
* [[United States Marshals Service]]
{{Commons category|Policía Federal}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130516234619/http://www.ssp.gob.mx/portalWebApp/wlp.c;jsessionid=ZzWGP9CDyJpnrqP3DG0XnHmCLNy8nj0WxkLBtH5phYwH8pQhswyT!-1099219462?__c=7dd PF Official site] – English
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070306204208/http://www.ssp.gob.mx/ Official site] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.seguridadpublicaenmexico.org.mx/ Statistics of Crime in Mexico] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027160834/http://www.seguridadpublicaenmexico.org.mx/ |date=2019-10-27 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100715031228/http://members.fortunecity.com/fedcars/mexfed.html Photos of PF cars]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060404185147/http://www.lawg.org/countries/mexico/police_guide.htm Federal Police Forces]
* [http://repositories.cdlib.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1025&context=usmex Police Forces in Mexico]

{{Border protection agencies}}
{{Law enforcement in Mexico}}
{{Mexican Drug War}}
{{Police}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Defunct law enforcement agencies of Mexico]]
[[Category:Drug control law enforcement agencies]]
[[Category:Gendarmerie]]
[[Category:Mexican drug war]]
[[Category:National police forces|Mexico]]