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{{short description|1982 Fujitsu home computer}}
{{other uses|FM7 (disambiguation){{!}}FM7}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2009}}{{Expand Japanese|date=January 2019}}{{Infobox information appliance
| name = FM-7
| image = [[File:FM-New7, May 2013 B.jpg|275px]]
| caption = 
| manufacturer = [[Fujitsu]]
| type = [[Personal Computer]]
| releasedate = {{Start date and age|1982|11}}
| discontinued = {{Start date|1984|04}} (original model)<ref name="fm7_discont">{{Cite book|language=ja|author=小林紀興|title=富士通の大逆襲計画|trans-title=The big counterattack plan by Fujitsu|year=1987|publisher=講談社|isbn=4061928074|page=95}}</ref>
| price = ¥126,000 ($500)
| connectivity = 
| lifespan = 
| unitssold = 220,000 (original model)<ref name="fm7_discont" />
| media = [[Cassette tape]], 5{{frac|1|4}}-inch [[floppy disk]]
| os = Fujitsu Disk Basic, [[OS-9]], [[FLEX (operating system)|FLEX]]
| input = [[Keyboard (computing)|Keyboard]], [[joystick]]
| camera = 
| power = 
| cpu = 2× [[Motorola 6809#Versions|MBL 68B09]] clocked at 2MHz
| storage = 
| memory = 64KB [[RAM]], 48KB [[VRAM]], 48KB [[Read-only memory|ROM]]
| display = 8 colours at 640 × 200 pixel resolution
| audio = 
| service = <!-- online service/s offered -->
| dimensions = 43.2 × 28.5 × 10.2
| weight = 4.5 kg
| touchpad = 
| predecessor = [[FM-8]]
| successor = [[FM Towns]]
| related = 
| graphics = MBL 68B09
| sound = AY-3-8910, YM2203 (FM77AV onwards)
}}
The '''FM-7''' ("Fujitsu Micro 7") is a [[home computer]] created by [[Fujitsu]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=FM-7 (1982) |url=https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/corporate/history/products/computer/personalcomputer/fm7.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Fujitsu Global |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FM 7 Fujitsu |url=https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=325 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.old-computers.com}}</ref> It was first released in 1982 and was sold in [[Japan]] and [[Spain]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Campos |first=Daniel |title=Fujitsu FM-7: O "CoCo japonês" ? {{!}} AMX PROJECT |url=http://amxprojects.com/?p=2251 |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=pt-PT}}</ref> It is a stripped-down version of Fujitsu's earlier [[FM-8]] computer,<ref name=":0" /> and during development it was referred to as the "FM-8 Jr.".

Although it was designed to be a cut-down version of the FM-8 (with the FM-7 costing 126,000 [[Japanese yen|yen]], compared to 218,000 yen for the FM-8<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=FM-8 (1981) |url=https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/corporate/history/products/computer/personalcomputer/fm8.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Fujitsu Global |language=en}}</ref>), most notably removing the (expensive) [[bubble memory]] technology, the FM-7 was given a more advanced [[AY-3-8910]] sound chip capable of three voice sound synthesis, leading to a strong uptake among the hobbyist computer market in Japan and making it a more popular system than the FM-8.

The FM-7 primarily competed with the [[NEC PC-8801]] and [[Sharp X1]] series of computers in the early 1980s. It was succeeded by the FM-77 series of computers in 1984, which featured backwards compatibility with the FM-7. The FM-77 series was later succeeded by the 32-bit [[FM Towns]] in 1989.

The FM-7 is based around the [[Motorola 6809|6809]] chip, which was also used in home computers such as the [[TRS-80 Color Computer]] and [[Dragon 32/64]], as well as several [[arcade games]].

==Hardware==
* Two [[Motorola 6809|MC 68B09]] CPUs @ 2&nbsp;MHz: one main [[Central processing unit|CPU]] and one graphics processor.
* Screen resolution: 640×200, 8 colors
* [[Computer storage|Memory]]: 40 [[kilobyte|KB]] [[Read-only memory|ROM]], 64 [[kilobyte|KB]] [[Random access memory|RAM]]
* Sound: 3-channel ([[AY-3-8910]]) [[Programmable Sound Generator|PSG]] chip, built-in speaker mounted near the top of the unit. From FM77AV onwards, the system includes the 6-channel [[YM2203]] (3 PSG channels + 3 FM channels, making it a total of six).
* Interfaces: [[RS-232]], monitor and [[Centronics]] ports, 3 expansion slots.
* Storage: 5.25" [[floppy disk]]
* [[Operating system]]: [[OS-9]] (compatible with [[Color Computer]])<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nausicaa.net/~lgreenf/fm7page.htm | title = The Fujitsu Micro FM7 - Larry Green's Homepage at Nausicaä.net | access-date = 2009-03-02 | author = Larry Green | date = 2005-04-08 | archive-date = 2017-12-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171228041941/http://www.nausicaa.net/~lgreenf/fm7page.htm | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Fujitsu Micro 7 - Retrocomputing | url=https://www.roug.org/retrocomputing/os/os9/fm7 | access-date=2022-12-06 | website=www.roug.org}}</ref>
* Three slots for optional plug-in cards, including a [[Z-80]] CPU and additional [[RS-232]] ports.
* Full-size keyboard, with keys handling multiple functions (as many as 5, depending on what SHIFT/KANA/GRAPH/etc key is pressed).
* 10 Function Keys at the top, pre-programmed with shortcuts (LIST, etc.).
* Numeric keypad (on right) and cursor-control keys (upper-right).

==F-BASIC==
The included "F-BASIC" is an enhanced version of the [[Color BASIC]] language used on the TRS-80 Color Computer. Changes include a different character set that includes [[katakana]] and a few [[kanji]], the ability to have graphics appear on the default text screen, and several new commands such as <code>BEEP</code>, <code>CONNECT</code>, <code>MON</code>, <code>SYMBOL</code>, <code>INTERVAL</code>, <code>MERGE</code>, <code>RANDOMIZE</code>, <code>SWAP</code>, and <code>TERM</code>. There are also strings for <code>TIME$</code> and <code>DATE$</code>, which access a temporary built-in internal clock, though if the power is turned off, the time and date are lost.

While F-Basic has commands that Color BASIC does not, most commands featured in both versions of the language operate in exactly the same fashion.

While the BASIC <code>EDIT</code> command works the same as on Color BASIC, the cursor position is important on the FM-7: there is a small keypad on the upper-right of the FM-7 with cursor-control keys (arrows, INSERT & DELETE), and wherever the user decides to position the cursor, it will move it there and affect whatever is underneath it.

Both Microsoft and Fujitsu share the copyright on the [[BASIC]].

== Spain ==
The FM-7 was sold in Spain as the '''Secoinsa FM-7'''. Secoinsa was a electronics supplier to [[Telefonica]], the main Spanish telecom, and was eventually transformed into Fujitsu Spain. It retained an independent R&D department until Fujitsu's 1990 acquisition of [[International Computers Limited|ICL]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Fujitsu / Secoinsa FM-7 | url=https://www.museo8bits.com/fm7.htm | lang=es}}</ref> Secoinsa adapted the FM-7 for the Spanish market and specifically for the Spanish government's push towards computers in school, the "Athena Project".<ref>"Athena in Castille" - Educational Computing in Spanish Schools; Dieuzeide, Henri; The OECD Observer; Paris Iss. 175 (Apr/May 1992): 13.</ref>

== Models ==
There were several models of the computer:
* 1982 – FM-7: M68B09, RAM 64 KB, ROM 48 KB, VRAM 48 KB, 640×200, 8 colors
* 1984 – FM-NEW7: M68B09 integrated memory and LSI chip (cheap production). The features are the same as the FM-7.
* 1984 – FM77: M68B09E, RAM 64 KB (max 256 KB), VRAM 48 KB
* 1985 – FM77L2, M68B09E
* 1985 – FM77L4, M68B09E
* 1985 – FM77AV: M68B09E, RAM 128 KB (max 192 KB), ROM 48 KB, VRAM 96 KB, 640×200 (8 colors), 320×200 (4096 colors), 4096 colors, 1 (AV-1) or 2 (AV-2) floppy 3.5-inch 320 KB
* 1986 – FM77AV20: M68B09E, like FM77AV but has floppy 640 KB
* 1986 – FM77AV40: M68B09E, like FM77AV20 but has RAM 192 KB (max 448 KB), VRAM 144 KB to support 320×200 (262144 colors)
* 1987 – FM77AV20EX: M68B09E, RAM 128 KB (max 192 KB), VRAM 96&nbsp;KB, 640x400
* 1987 – FM77AV40EX: M68B09E, RAM 192 KB (max 448 KB), VRAM 144 KB, 640x400
* 1988 – FM77AV40SX: M68B09E, RAM 192 KB (max 448 KB), VRAM 144 KB, 640x400, built-in video digitizer
<ref>https://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/personal/0017.html</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100123204911/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=325 Fujitsu FM 7], OLD-COMPUTERS.COM Museum
* [http://www.nausicaa.net/~lgreenf/fm7page.htm The Fujitsu FM-7] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228041941/http://www.nausicaa.net/~lgreenf/fm7page.htm |date=2017-12-28}}, 8-Bit Computer Page, Larry's Homepage
* [https://fm-7.com/ Oh!FM-7 museum]

{{Fujitsu}}

[[Category:Fujitsu computers]]
[[Category:6809-based home computers]]
[[Category:Home video game consoles]]
[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1982]]