View source for European Green Party

{{short description|Green European political party}}
{{Cleanup reorganize|date=May 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox political party
| colorcode        = {{EUPP data|color}}
| name             = {{EUPP data|official name}}
| abbreviation     = {{EUPP data|acronym}}<br />EGP
| logo             = EGP-Logo 2017.svg
| president        = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
 |[[Ciarán Cuffe]] ([[Republic of Ireland|IE]])
 |[[Vula Tsetsi]] ([[Greece|GR]])
}}
| secretary_general= Benedetta De Marte ([[Italy|IT]])
| foundation       = {{start date and age|df=y|2004|2|21}}
| predecessor      = European Federation of Green Parties
| headquarters     = Rue du Taciturne 34,<br />1000 [[Brussels]], Belgium
| think_tank       = [[Green European Foundation]]
| youth_wing       = [[Federation of Young European Greens|Young European Greens]]
| membership_year  = {{EUPP data|individual members date}}
| membership       = {{EUPP data|individual members}}
| ideology         = [[Green politics]]<ref name="Nordsieck">{{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/eu.html|title=European Union|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|year=2019|access-date=30 May 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608032858/http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/eu.html|archive-date=8 June 2017}}</ref><br />[[Pro-Europeanism]]
| position         = {{nowrap|[[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]] to [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]]}}
| international    = [[Global Greens]]
| europarl         = [[Greens–European Free Alliance]]
| colours          = {{color box|{{EUPP data|color}}|border=darkgray}} Green
<!-- Values derived from Wikidata; do not manually edit -> https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950179 -->
| seats1_title     = [[European Parliament]]
| seats1           = {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EP}}
| seats2_title     = {{nobr|[[European Commission]]}}
| seats2           = {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EC}}
| seats3_title     = [[European Council]]
| seats3           = {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EUCO}}
| seats4_title     = [[National parliaments of the European Union|European<br/>Lower Houses]]
| seats4           = {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|ms-lower-house}}
| seats5_title     = [[National parliaments of the European Union|European<br/>Upper Houses]]
| seats5           = {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|ms-upper-house}}
| website          = {{EUPP data|website}}
| country          = the European Union
}}
{{green politics sidebar|Organizations}}
The '''European Green Party''' ('''EGP'''), also referred to as '''European Greens''', is a transnational, [[European political party]] representing national parties from across Europe who share Green values.

The European Greens works closely with the [[Greens–European Free Alliance]] (Greens/EFA) [[Political groups of the European Parliament|parliamentary group]] in the [[European Parliament]] which is formed by elected Green party members along with the [[European Free Alliance]], [[European Pirate Party]] and [[Volt Europa]]. The European Greens' partners include its youth wing the [[Federation of Young European Greens]] (FYEG), the [[Green European Foundation]] (GEF) and the [[Global Greens]] family.

Green parties participate in the governments of two countries in Europe: [[Latvia]] ([[The Progressives (Latvia)|The Progressives]]) and [[Spain]] ([[Catalunya en Comú]]/[[Sumar (electoral platform)|Sumar]]). They also externally support the government in [[Poland]] ([[The Greens (Poland)|Zieloni]]/[[Civic Coalition (Poland)|Civic Coalition]]).

== Ideology and positions ==
The European Greens have committed themselves to the basic tenets of [[Green politics]] as seen across Western Europe, namely [[environmental responsibility]], climate action, [[individual freedom]], [[Inclusive Democracy|inclusive democracy]], [[Multiculturalism|diversity]], [[social justice]], [[gender equality]], global [[sustainable development]] and [[Nonviolence|non-violence]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Tatiana |first=Rovinskaya |date=2015 |title=Greens in Europe: Incremental Growth |url=https://www.imemo.ru/en/publications/periodical/meimo/archive/2015/12-t-59/europe-new-realities/greens-in-europe-incremental-growth |journal=World Economy and International Relations |volume=59 |issue=12 |pages=58–71 |doi=10.20542/0131-2227-2015-59-12-58-71 |issn=0131-2227|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first1=Jon |last1=Henley |date=2019-05-28 |title=European elections: triumphant Greens demand more radical climate action |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/28/greens-eu-election-mandate-leverage-climate-policy |access-date=2024-05-29 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

The European Greens was the first party to form out of various national movements to become a European entity, committed to the integration of Europe.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Keating |first=Joshua |date=2019-06-03 |title=An Answer to Climate Change—and the Far Right |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2019/06/european-parliament-elections-green-party-climate-change-far-right.html |access-date=2024-05-29 |work=Slate |language=en-US |issn=1091-2339}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Heyman |first=Taylor |date=2019-09-17 |title=Green wave could change the balance of power in European Parliament |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/green-wave-could-change-the-balance-of-power-in-european-parliament-1.866717 |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref> The party aims to amplify the views of member parties by having common policy positions, mutual election manifestos, and cohesive European election campaigns. The European Greens also has networks which brings Green politicians together, such as the Local Councillors Network.<ref name="History of the European Green Party" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Join Local Councillors Network |url=https://localcouncillors.europeangreens.eu/ |website=Local Councillors Network}}</ref>

=== Charter ===
According to its charter,<ref name="charter">{{Cite web |title=Charter of the European Greens |publisher=European Greens |date=13-14 October 2006 |url= https://europeangreens.eu/charter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620152102/https://europeangreens.eu/charter |archive-date=2023-06-20 }}</ref> the European Greens is working towards a just and sustainable transition towards societies "respectful of human rights and built upon the values of environmental responsibility, freedom, justice, diversity and non-violence". The charter's guiding principles provide a framework for the political actions taken by member parties.

The priorities outlined in the charter include protecting human health and wellbeing, maintaining biological diversity, combatting global warming, transitioning to a just and sustainable economy, strengthening inclusive democracies, safeguarding diversity, and ensuring social justice.

== History ==
Green politics in Europe emerged from several grassroots political movements, including the peace movements, the ecology movement and movements for women's rights.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |title=Green identity in a changing Europe |publisher=[[Heinrich Böll Stiftung]] |year=2008 |editor-last=Fücks |editor-first=Ralf |location=Brussels |publication-date=October 2008}}</ref>

The [[anti-nuclear movement in Germany]] first had political expression as [[Alliance 90/The Greens|Vereinigung Die Grünen]], which formed in March 1979, and established itself as a party for the European Parliament in January 1980.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Franceschini |first=Georgio |title=Germany and nuclear weapons in the 21st century: atomic Zeitenwende? |date=2024 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-032-37639-4 |editor-last=Kühn |editor-first=Ulrich |series=Routledge global security studies |location=Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY |page=182}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Green Parties: reflections on the first three decades |publisher=Heinrich Böll Foundation North America |year=2006 |editor-last=Zelko |editor-first=Frank |editor-last2=Brinkmann |editor-first2=Carolin}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The History of Alliance 90/The Greens {{!}} Heinrich Böll Stiftung |url=https://www.boell.de/en/2016/02/18/history-of-alliance-90-the-greens |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=www.boell.de |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, activists in Britain's [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament]] had formed the [[Ecology Party]] in 1975.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Haq |first1=Gary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haOpAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22campaign+for+nuclear+disarmament%22+%22ecology+party%22+%22caroline+lucas%22&pg=PT25 |title=Environmentalism since 1945 |last2=Paul |first2=Alistair |date=2013-03-01 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63654-7 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-07-20 |title=The big divide: is ideology holding back greens from embracing nuclear power? |url=https://theecologist.org/2011/jul/20/big-divide-ideology-holding-back-greens-embracing-nuclear-power |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=theecologist.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite book |last=Wall |first=Derek |author-link=Derek Wall |title=Weaving a Bower Against Endless Night: an illustrated history of the UK Green Party [published March 1994 to mark the 21st anniversary of the party] |publisher=Green Party |year=1994 |isbn=1-873557-08-6}}</ref> However, it also brought in ecological movements, which had become active across Western European nations in the 1970s.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ideas, actors and political practices in the environmental history of Europe {{!}} EHNE |url=https://ehne.fr/en/encyclopedia/themes/ecology-and-environment-in-europe/ideas-actors-and-political-practices/ideas-actors-and-political-practices-in-environmental-history-europe |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=ehne.fr |language=en}}</ref> Environmental groups became especially political after the [[Chernobyl disaster]] in 1986, which strengthened groups such as the [[Italian Green Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-24 |title=Nuclear Power, No Thanks! The Aftermath of Chernobyl in Italy and the Nuclear Power Referendum of 1987 |url=https://www.environmentandsociety.org/arcadia/nuclear-power-no-thanks-aftermath-chernobyl-italy-and-nuclear-power-referendum-1987 |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=Environment & Society Portal |language=en}}</ref> In the Netherlands, feminists dominated [[GroenLinks]] party.<ref name=":2" /> Elements of all these national parties would go on to form the European Green Party.

Representatives from these and other parties sat in the European Parliament after the [[1984 European Parliament election]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=The Green Party in the European Parliament – Taking Stock | publisher = Heinrich Böll Stiftung |url=https://www.boell.de/en/2017/04/07/green-party-european-parliament-taking-stock |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=www.boell.de |language=en}}</ref> The following 11 members of this grouping, which was briefly known as the [[Rainbow Group (1984–1989)|Rainbow Group]], came from parties which went on to be part of the European Greens:<ref name=":4" />
* 1 [[Agalev]] MEP and 1 [[Ecolo]] MEP from Belgium
* 1 [[Pacifist Socialist Party|Pacifist Socialist]] MEP and 1 [[Political Party of Radicals|Radicals]] MEP from the Netherlands
* 7 [[Alliance 90/The Greens|Grünen]] MEPs from Germany
The European Green Party itself was officially founded at the 4th Congress of the European Federation of Green Parties on 20–22 February 2004 in Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |title=European Greens Found European Greens – DW – 02/23/2004 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/european-greens-found-european-greens/a-1119463 |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> At the convention, 32 Green parties from across Europe joined this new pan-European party.<ref name="History of the European Green Party">{{Cite web|url=https://europeangreens.eu/about/|title=About|date=9 May 2023|website=European Greens}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=HENDRICK |first=Annette |url=https://www.oram.be/fileadmin/images_et_fichiers_PDF/INVENTAIRES_REALISES/INVENTAIRES_ETOPIA_PDF/20170302_EGP_english_Inventaire_VF.pdf |title=European Green Party 1981-2009 |date=August 2014 |publisher=Etopia |publication-date=2014}}</ref> As such, the European Greens became a trans-national party, and the very first European political party.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bittersweet victories: The European Greens and the elections of 2021 {{!}} Heinrich Böll Stiftung {{!}} Brussels office - European Union |url=https://eu.boell.org/en/greens-elections-2021 |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=eu.boell.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" />

In the [[2004 European Parliament election]], member parties won 35 Seats and the Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament secured 43 in total.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/european-results/2004-2009/outgoing-parliament/ | title=Home &#124; 2024 European election results &#124; European Union &#124; European Parliament }}</ref>

In the [[2009 European Parliament election]], even though the European Parliament was reduced in size, the European Greens' member parties won 46 seats, the best result of the Green Parties in 30 years. The Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament secured 55 seats in total.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/european-results/2009-2014/constitutive-session/ | title=Home &#124; 2024 European election results &#124; European Union &#124; European Parliament }}</ref>

In the [[2014 European Parliament election]], the Green candidates were [[José Bové]] and [[Ska Keller]]. These elections marked the first time there were primaries including [[Spitzenkandidat]]en at the European elections, which allows Europeans to not only vote for who should represent them in the European Parliament, but also help to decide who should lead the European Commission. In May they presented a common programme including the [[Green New Deal]] at the launch of the European Greens' campaign which called for "a new direction of economic policy aimed at reducing our carbon footprint and improving our quality of life". The slogan of the campaign was 'Change Europe, vote Green'.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/eu-elections-2014/news/greens-present-green-new-deal-at-campaign-convention/ | title=Greens present 'Green New Deal' at campaign convention | date=24 February 2014 }}</ref> The Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament obtained 50 seats in total.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/elections2014-results/en/election-results-2014.html | title=Results of the 2014 European elections - European Parliament }}</ref>

The candidates for the [[2019 European Parliament election]] were [[Ska Keller]] and [[Bas Eickhout]], who campaigned for climate protection, a social Europe, more democracy and stronger rule of law.<ref name="theguardian.com">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/26/greens-surge-as-parties-make-strongest-ever-showing-across-europe | title=Greens surge as parties make strongest ever showing across Europe | newspaper=The Guardian | date=26 May 2019 | last1=Henley | first1=Jon }}</ref> That year, the Greens made the strongest ever showing across Europe,<ref name="theguardian.com"/> in part due to rising public awareness about climate change<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/climate-environment/news/climate-will-be-key-issue-in-eu-elections-poll-shows/ | title=Climate change will be key issue in EU elections, poll shows | date=16 April 2019 }}</ref> and the impact of youth movements for climate. The strongest surge was in Germany as [[Alliance 90/The Greens]] replaced the centre-left [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] as the second-strongest party.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://eu.boell.org/en/2019/07/16/green-wave-tsunami-or-just-storm-teacup | title=The Green Wave: A tsunami or just a storm in a teacup? &#124; Heinrich Böll Stiftung &#124; Brussels office - European Union }}</ref> The Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament obtained 74 seats in total.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en | title=Home &#124; 2024 European election results &#124; European Union &#124; European Parliament }}</ref> The Greens' results signified a new balance of power<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dw.com/en/eu-election-surge-for-greens-and-euroskeptics-losses-for-centrist-blocs/a-48883806 | title=EU election: Surge for Greens, losses for centrist blocs – DW – 05/26/2019 | website=[[Deutsche Welle]] }}</ref> as the [[European People's Party]] (EPP) and the [[Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats]] (S&D) lost their majority.

By 2023, ''The Economist'' analysed that "the policies espoused by environmentalists sit squarely at the centre of today's political agenda".<ref>{{Cite news |title=In Europe, green policies rule while green politicians struggle |newspaper=The Economist |date=7 December 2023 |access-date= |url= https://www.economist.com/europe/2023/12/07/in-europe-green-policies-rule-while-green-politicians-struggle }}</ref>

[[Terry Reintke]] and [[Bas Eickhout]] were elected by the European Greens to be lead candidates for the 2024 European Parliament election. The campaign ran under the slogan "Choose Courage".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-03 |title=European Greens field Terry Reintke and Bas Eickhout as top candidates ('Spitzenkandidaten') for EU elections |url=https://europeangreens.eu/news/european-greens-field-terry-reintke-and-bas-eickhout-as-top-candidates-spitzenkan/ |access-date=2024-05-13 |website=European Greens}}</ref> They were elected by more than 300 delegates at an Extended Congress in Lyon, France in February 2024. The campaign is focused on a Green and Social Deal, and the fight against the rise of the [[Far-right politics|far right]] in Europe.

At the 2024 [[Maastricht Debate]], organised by ''[[Politico]]'' and the [[University of Maastricht]], European Green top candidate [[Bas Eickhout]] asked directly to [[Ursula von der Leyen]], top candidate of the [[European People's Party]], what her position was towards the far right in Europe, [[European Conservatives and Reformists Group|European Conservatives and Reformists]] (ECR) and [[Identity and Democracy]]. Von der Leyen told the audience that a collaboration with the ECR "depends very much on how the composition of the Parliament is, and who is in what group."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wax |first1=Eddy |title=Von der Leyen opens the door to Europe's hard right |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/von-der-leyen-hard-right-maastricht-debate-giorgia-meloni-viktor-orban-schmit/ |access-date=26 May 2024 |publisher=Politico |date=30 April 2024}}</ref>

Numerous analyses in European quality media consider this as a win for the Greens<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mathiesen |first1=Karl |title=Greens lionized by Europe's young voters at EU presidential debate |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/maastricht-debate-ursula-von-der-leyen-greens-remember-what-it-was-like-to-be-popular/ |access-date=22 May 2024 |publisher=POLITICO |date=29 April 2024}}</ref> and the turning point of the 2024 election campaign.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Infobae |title=Scholz defiende que la Comisión Europea no debería contar con apoyo de la extrema derecha el próximo mandato |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2024/05/25/scholz-defiende-que-la-comision-europea-no-deberia-contar-con-apoyo-de-la-extrema-derecha-el-proximo-mandato/ |access-date=25 May 2024 |publisher=Infobae |date=24 May 2024}}</ref> The European Greens criticised heavily that von der Leyen, as incumbent president of the European Commission and lead candidate for the EPP, opened the door to collaboration with the far right.

== Organisational structure ==
{{multiple image
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| footer = [[Ulrike Lunacek]], ex vice-president of the [[European Parliament]] and [[Michaele Schreyer]], the only Green [[European Commission]] member so far
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The European Green Party is a [[European political party]], constituted out of political parties from European countries. Parties can also become associate members. Members of the [[Greens/EFA]] group in the European Parliament not belonging to a member party can be admitted as a special member with speaking rights but no vote.
[[File:Alice Bah Kuhnke 2014-12-17 001.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Alice Bah Kuhnke]], Deputy chairwoman of the [[Greens–European Free Alliance]] (Greens/EFA) group in the [[European Parliament]].]]
The governing bodies of the EGP are the Council and the Committee.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/EGP%20Statutes%20as%20adopted%20in%20Antwerp%20Council%20track%20changes%20accepted.pdf|title = Statutes of the European Green Party|website = europeangreens.eu|date = 20 May 2018|access-date = 24 January 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190125020522/https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/EGP%20Statutes%20as%20adopted%20in%20Antwerp%20Council%20track%20changes%20accepted.pdf|archive-date = 25 January 2019|url-status = dead}}</ref>
*The ''Council'' takes place twice a year and is the main decision-making body of the European Greens and consists of delegates of member parties. During Councils, delegates from European Greens parties set a common political direction, linked to the development of the European project and its values. They do so by debating and vote on resolutions on key issues in Europe. Delegates are allotted based on their most recent European or national election results. Each party has at least two delegates. consists of delegates of member parties. These are allotted on the basis of their most recent European or national election results. Each party has at least two delegates.<ref>{{cite web |title=EGP Rule Book |url=https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/EGP%20Rule%20Book%20as%20amended%2035th%20EGP%20Council%20June%202022.pdf |website=europeangreens.eu |access-date=17 November 2022 |archive-date=19 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019093744/https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/EGP%20Rule%20Book%20as%20amended%2035th%20EGP%20Council%20June%202022.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*The ''Committee'' consists of thirteen members, including two Co-Chairs (one man and one woman), a Secretary General a Treasurer and a representative from FYEG. They are responsible for daily political affairs, execution of the Council's decisions and the activities of the EGP office and staff. Co-Chairs [[Ciarán Cuffe]] and [[Vula Tsetsi]], Secretary General Benedetta De Marte, Treasurer Marc Gimenez, Christina Kessler from FYEG and Committee Members [[Rasmus Nordqvist]], Sibylle Steffan, Marina Verronneau, Marieke van Doorninck, [[Jelena Miloš]], Elīna Pinto, [[Rui Tavares]], and Joanna Kamińska were elected at the 39th European Green Party in Dublin, Eire.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-09 |title=Committee |url=https://europeangreens.eu/committee/ |access-date=2025-04-25 |website=European Greens}}</ref> The EGP has had several Co-Chairs.

=== Co-chairs of the European Greens ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Mandate
!Co-chairs
!Member party
!Years
!Secretary General
!Council election
|-
! rowspan="2" |Dec 2024 –
|{{flagicon|Greece}} [[Vula Tsetsi]]
| [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|12/2024 – present
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Benedetta De Marte]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Dublin]], {{flag|Ireland}}, December 2024
|-
|{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Ciarán Cuffe]]
|[[Green Party (Ireland)|Green Party]]
|12/2024 – present
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |May 2022 – Dec 2024
|{{flagicon|France}} [[Mélanie Vogel]]
|[[Europe Ecology – The Greens|EELV]]
|05/2022 – 12/2024
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Benedetta De Marte]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Riga]], {{flag|Latvia}}, November 2022
|-
|{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Thomas Waitz]]
|[[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Die Grünen]]
|05/2022 – 12/2024
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nov 2019 – May 2022
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Evelyne Huytebroeck]]
|[[Ecolo]]
|11/2019 – 05/2022
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Mar Garcia]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Tampere]], {{flag|Finland}}, November 2019
|-
|{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Thomas Waitz]]
|[[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Die Grünen]]
|11/2019 – 05/2022
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nov 2015 – Nov 2019
|{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Monica Frassoni]]
|[[Federation of the Greens|Federazione dei Verdi]]
|11/2015 – 11/2019
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Mar Garcia]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Lyon]], {{flag|France}}, November 2015
|-
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Reinhard Bütikofer]]
|[[Alliance 90/The Greens|Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen]]
|11/2015 – 11/2019
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nov 2012 – Nov 2015
|{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Monica Frassoni]]
|[[Federation of the Greens|Federazione dei Verdi]]
|11/2012 – 11/2015
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Jacqueline Cremers]] (until end 2014)
{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Mar Garcia]] (from January 2015)
| rowspan="2" |[[Athens]], {{flag|Greece}}, November 2012
|-
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Reinhard Bütikofer]]
|[[Alliance 90/The Greens|Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen]]
|11/2012 – 11/2015
|-
! rowspan="2" |Oct 2009 – Nov 2012
|{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Monica Frassoni]]
|[[Federation of the Greens|Federazione dei Verdi]]
|10/2009 – 11/2012
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Jacqueline Cremers]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Malmö]], {{flag|Sweden}}, October 2009
|-
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Philippe Lamberts]]
|[[Ecolo]]
|10/2009 – 11/2012
|-
! rowspan="2" |May 2006 – Oct 2009
|{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Ulrike Lunacek]]
|[[The Greens – The Green Alternative|Die Grünen]]
|05/2006 – 10/2009
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Juan Behrend]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Helsinki]], {{flag|Finland}}, May 2006
|-
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Philippe Lamberts]]
|[[Ecolo]]
|05/2006 – 10/2009
|-
! rowspan="2" |May 2003 – May 2006
|{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Grazia Francescato]]
|[[Federation of the Greens|Federazione dei Verdi]]
|05/2003 – 05/2006
| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|Malta}} [[Arnold Cassola]]
| rowspan="2" |[[St. Andrew's, Malta|Saint Andrews]], {{flag|Malta}}, May 2003
|-
|{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Pekka Haavisto]]
|[[Green League|Vihreä Liitto]]
|05/2003 – 05/2006
|}
*The ''Congress'' is an enlarged meeting of the Council which is convened by the Council at least once every 5 years and hosts more delegates.

=== Networks ===
The EGP hosts a collection of networks that have specific special interest focus, including:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://europeangreens.eu/networks/|title=Networks|date=27 September 2023|website=European Greens}}</ref>
* Balkan Network
* Mediterranean Network
* Gender Network
* European Queer Greens
* Local Councillors Networks
* European Green Disability Network
* European Network of [[Green seniors|Green Seniors]]

=== Partnerships ===
* [[Federation of Young European Greens]]
* [[Greens–European Free Alliance|Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament]]
* [[Global Greens]]
* [[Green European Foundation]]

== Membership ==
{{Update section|date=May 2024}}

=== Full members ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan=2 |Country
! Name
! MEPs{{efn|The number of MEPs listed below may not match the total number of MEPs of the European party, as it does not include MEPs who join as individual members.}}
! National MPs
! Government status
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Albania}} || [[Green Party of Albania]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|140|hex={{party color|Green Party of Albania}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Austria}} || [[The Greens – The Green Alternative]] || {{Composition bar|2|20|hex={{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}}}|| {{Composition bar|15|183|hex={{party color|The Greens – The Green Alternative}}}}|| {{no|Opposition}}
|-
| rowspan=2|{{Flag|Belgium}} || {{flag|Flemish Community|name=Flemish}} || [[Groen (political party)|Groen]] || {{Composition bar|1|12|hex={{party color|Green (political party)}}}}{{efn|[[Dutch-speaking electoral college]]}} ||{{Composition bar|6|87|hex={{party color|Green (political party)}}}} {{efn|Flemish seats in the Belgian [[Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)|Chamber of Representatives]], including seats for bilingual [[Brussels]].}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| {{flag|French Community|name=French}}<br />{{flag|German-speaking Community|name=German}} || [[Ecolo]] || {{Composition bar|1|8|hex={{party color|Ecolo}}}} {{efn|All seats for the [[French-speaking electoral college|French]] and [[German-speaking electoral college]]s.}}|| {{Composition bar|3|61|hex={{party color|Ecolo}}}} {{efn|All seats for French and German-speaking Communities in the Belgian [[Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)|Chamber of Representatives]], including seats for bilingual [[Brussels]].}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Bulgaria}} || [[Green Movement (Bulgaria)|Green Movement]]|| {{Composition bar|0|17|hex={{party color|Green Movement (Bulgaria)}}}}|| {{Composition bar|0|240|hex={{party color|Green Movement (Bulgaria)}}}}|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Croatia}} || [[We Can! (Croatia)|We Can!]] || {{Composition bar|1|12|hex={{party color|We can! (Croatia)}}}}|| {{Composition bar|10|151|hex={{party color|We can! (Croatia)}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Cyprus}} || [[Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation]] || {{Composition bar|0|6|hex={{party color|Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|56|hex={{party color|Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation}}}} || {{no|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Czech Republic}} || [[Green Party (Czech Republic)|Green Party]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|Green Party (Czech Republic)}}}}|| {{Composition bar|2|200|hex={{party color|Green Party (Czech Republic)}}}} || {{no|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Denmark}} || [[Green Left (Denmark)|Green Left]] || {{Composition bar|3|15|hex={{party color|Green Left (Denmark)}}}} || {{Composition bar|15|179|hex={{party color|Green Left (Denmark)}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Estonia}} || [[Estonian Greens]] || {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Estonian Greens}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|101|hex={{party color|Estonian Greens}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Finland}} || [[Green League]] || {{Composition bar|3|14|hex={{party color|Green League}}}} || {{Composition bar|13|200|hex={{party color|Green League}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|France}} || [[Europe Ecology – The Greens]] || {{Composition bar|5|81|hex={{party color|Europe Écologie}}}} || {{Composition bar|28|577|hex={{party color|Europe Écologie}}}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Georgia (country)|name=Georgia}} || [[Greens Party of Georgia]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Greens Party of Georgia}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Germany}} || [[Alliance 90/The Greens]] || {{Composition bar|12|96|hex={{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} || {{Composition bar|85|630|hex={{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Ireland}} || [[Green Party (Ireland)|Green Party]]{{efn|The Irish Green Party operates also in [[Northern Ireland]] as the "[[Green Party in Northern Ireland]]". The Northern Irish party is separately listed in this table although it does not have separate membership in the EGP.}} || {{Composition bar|0|14|{{party color|Green Alliance}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|174|hex={{party color|Green Alliance}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| scope=rowgroup colspan=2|{{Flag|Italy}} || [[Green Europe]] || {{Composition bar|2|76|hex={{party color|Green Europe}}}}|| {{Composition bar|5|400|hex={{party color|Green Europe}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| style="border-top:hidden"| || {{flag|South Tyrol}} || [[Greens (South Tyrol)|Greens]] || {{Composition bar|0|76|hex={{party color|Greens (South Tyrol)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|400|hex={{party color|Greens (South Tyrol)}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2| {{Flag|Latvia}} || [[The Progressives (Latvia)|The Progressives]] || {{Composition bar|1|9|hex={{party color|The Progressives (Latvia)}}}} || {{composition bar|10|100|hex={{party color|The Progressives (Latvia)}}}} || {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan=2| {{Flag|Lithuania}} || [[Union of Democrats "For Lithuania"]] || {{Composition bar|1|11|hex=#0A1172}} || {{composition bar|14|141|hex=#0A1172}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Luxembourg}} || [[The Greens (Luxembourg)|The Greens]] || {{Composition bar|1|6|hex={{party color|The Greens (Luxembourg)}}}} || {{Composition bar|4|60|hex={{party color|The Greens (Luxembourg)}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Malta}} || [[AD+PD]] || {{Composition bar|0|6|hex={{party color|AD+PD}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|79|hex={{party color|AD+PD}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Moldova}} || [[Ecologist Green Party (Moldova)|Ecologist Green Party]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|101|hex={{party color|Ecologist Green Party (Moldova)}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Montenegro}} || [[United Reform Action]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|4|81|hex={{party color|United Reform Action}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Netherlands}} || [[GroenLinks]] || {{Composition bar|3|26|hex={{party color|GroenLinks}}}} || {{Composition bar|8|150|hex={{party color|GroenLinks}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|North Macedonia}} || [[Democratic Renewal of Macedonia]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|120|hex={{party color|Democratic Renewal of Macedonia}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Norway}} || [[Green Party (Norway)|Green Party]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|8|169|hex={{party color|Green Party (Norway)}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Poland}} || [[The Greens (Poland)|The Greens]] || {{Composition bar|0|53|hex={{party color|The Greens (Poland, 2022)}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|460|hex={{party color|The Greens (Poland, 2022)}}}} || {{yes|Government}}
|-
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | {{Flag|Portugal}} || [[LIVRE]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|LIVRE}}}} || {{Composition bar|6|230|hex={{party color|LIVRE}}}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| [[Ecologist Party "The Greens"]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|Ecologist Party "The Greens"}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|230|hex={{party color|Ecologist Party "The Greens"}}}}|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Romania}} || [[Green Party (Romania)|Green Party]] || {{Composition bar|0|32|hex={{party color|Green Party (Romania)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|330|hex={{party color|Green Party (Romania)}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Serbia}} || [[Green–Left Front]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|10|250|hex={{party color|Green–Left Front}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2| {{Flag|Slovenia}} || [[Vesna – Green Party]] || {{Composition bar|1|9|hex={{party color|Vesna – Green Party}}}}|| {{Composition bar|0|90|hex={{party color|Vesna – Green Party}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| scope=rowgroup colspan=2|{{Flag|Spain}} || [[Greens Equo]] || {{Composition bar|0|54|hex={{party color|Greens Equo}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|350|hex={{party color|Greens Equo}}}} || {{yes|Government}}
|-
| style="border-top:hidden"| || {{Flag|Catalonia}} || [[Green Left (Catalonia)|Green Left]]|| rowspan=1|{{Composition bar|0|54|{{party color|Green Left (Catalonia)}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|48|{{party color|Green Left (Catalonia)}}}}{{efn|name=cat|Catalan seats in the [[Congress of Deputies]]; two [[Catalunya en Comú]] deputies are also members of [[Green Left (Catalonia)|Green Left]].}} || {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Sweden}} || [[Green Party (Sweden)|Green Party]] || {{Composition bar|3|20|hex={{party color|Green Party (Sweden)}}}}|| {{Composition bar|18|349|hex={{party color|Green Party (Sweden)}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Switzerland}} || [[Green Party of Switzerland]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|28|200|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Ukraine}} || [[Party of Greens of Ukraine]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Party of Greens of Ukraine}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| rowspan=3|{{Flag|United Kingdom}} || {{Flag|England}}<br />{{Flag|Wales}} || [[Green Party of England and Wales]] || rowspan=3|''Not in EU''|| {{Composition bar|4|573|hex={{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}}} {{efn|English and Welsh seats in the [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|House of Commons]].}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| {{Flag|Scotland}} || [[Scottish Greens]] || {{Composition bar|0|59|hex={{party color|Scottish Greens}}}} {{efn|Scottish seats in the [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|House of Commons]] (the party has 7 seats in the devolved [[Scottish Parliament]]).}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| {{flag|Northern Ireland}}  || ''[[Green Party in Northern Ireland]]'' {{efn|It does not have separate membership in the EGP because it is a part of the Irish Green Party.}} || {{Composition bar|0|18|hex={{party color|Green Party in Northern Ireland}}}} {{efn|Northern Irish seats in the [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|House of Commons]].}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
|colspan=6 align="right"|Sources<ref name="2023 nembers">{{cite web|url=https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/Adopted%20EGP%20Statutes%20with%20annexes%20-%20Annex%20B%2037th%20EGP%20EoCongress%2C%20Vienna%203%20June%202023.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230100/https://europeangreens.eu/sites/europeangreens.eu/files/Adopted%20EGP%20Statutes%20with%20annexes%20-%20Annex%20B%2037th%20EGP%20EoCongress,%20Vienna%203%20June%202023.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 August 2023|title=Adopted Annex B – EGP Membership List – 37th EGP EoCongress, Vienna 3 June 2023|website=European Greens|publisher=European Green Party|access-date=10 August 2023|page=24}}</ref>
|}
{{Clear}}

=== Associate members ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan=2 |Country
! Name
! MEPs
! National MPs
! Government status
|-
| colspan=2| {{Flag|Azerbaijan}} || Azerbaijan Green Party || ''Not in EU'' ||{{Composition bar|0|125|hex={{EUPP data|color}}}}|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
|colspan=2| {{Flag|Croatia}} || [[Green Alternative – Sustainable Development of Croatia]] || {{Composition bar|0|11|hex={{EUPP data|color}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|151|hex={{EUPP data|color}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
|{{Flag|Finland}}|| {{flag|Åland}} || [[Sustainable Initiative]] || {{Composition bar|0|13|hex={{party color|Sustainable Initiative}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|1|hex={{party color|Sustainable Initiative}}}}{{efn|Ålandic seats in the [[Parliament of Finland]].}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Hungary}} || [[Dialogue – The Greens' Party]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|Dialogue – The Greens' Party}}}}|| {{Composition bar|6|199|hex={{party color|Dialogue – The Greens' Party}}}} || {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2 | {{Flag|Portugal}} || [[People-Animals-Nature]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|People-Animals-Nature}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|230|hex={{party color|People-Animals-Nature}}}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan=2| {{Flag|Russia}} || [[Union of Greens of Russia]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Union of Greens of Russia}}}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| {{Flag|Spain}} || {{Flag|Catalonia}} || [[Catalunya en Comú]] || {{Composition bar|1|59|hex={{party color|Catalunya en Comú}}}}{{efn|name=Asens|[[Jaume Asens]] is member of both ''[[Catalunya en Comú]]'' and ''[[Green Left (Catalonia)|Green Left]]''.}} || {{Composition bar|5|48|hex={{party color|Catalunya en Comú}}}}{{efn|name=cat}} || {{yes|Government}}
|}

=== Former members ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! Year left
! Name
! MEPs (current)
! National MPs (current)
|-
|{{Flag|Belarus}}
|2023
|[[Belarusian Green Party]]
| colspan="2" |''n/a – defunct''
|-
|{{Flag|Denmark}}
|2012
|[[The Greens (Denmark)|De Grønne]]
| colspan="2" |''n/a – defunct''
|-
| colspan=1|{{Flag|Greece}} || 2025 || [[Ecologist Greens]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|Ecologist Greens}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|300|hex={{party color|Ecologist Greens}}}} || 
|-
| rowspan=2|{{Flag|Hungary}} || 2015 || [[Green Left (Hungary)|Green Left]] || colspan=2|''n/a – defunct''
|-
| 2024 || [[LMP – Hungary's Green Party]] || {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|LMP – Hungary's Green Party}}}}|| {{Composition bar|5|199|hex={{party color|LMP – Hungary's Green Party}}}}
|-
| {{Flag|Latvia}} || 2019 || [[Latvian Green Party]] || – || {{Composition bar|4|100|hex=#808000}}
|-
| {{Flag|Netherlands}} || 2017 || [[The Greens (Netherlands)|The Greens]] || – || 
|-
| {{Flag|Slovenia}} || 2024 || [[Youth Party – European Greens]] || – || 
|-
| {{Flag|Russia}} || 2016{{efn|Full member from 1994 to 2016. Downgraded to associate member in 2016.}} || [[Civil United Green Alternative|Green Alternative]] || ''Not in EU'' || 
|-
| {{Flag|Spain}} || 2012 || [[Confederation of the Greens]] || – ||
|-
| colspan=1| {{Flag|Turkey}} || || [[Green Left Party]] || ''Not in EU'' || {{Composition bar|0|600|hex={{party color|Green Left Party}}}} 
|-
|colspan=6 align="right"|Sources<ref name="2023 nembers"/>
|}

=== Individual members ===

The EGP also includes a number of individual members, although, as most other European parties, it has not sought to develop mass individual membership.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hertner |first1=Isabelle |date=9 September 2018 |title=United in diversity? Europarties and their individual members' rights |url= |journal=Journal of European Integration |volume=41 |issue=4 |publisher=Routledge |pages=487–505 |doi=10.1080/07036337.2018.1513500}}</ref>

Below is the evolution of individual membership of the EGP since 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/contracts-and-grants/en/political-parties-and-foundations/audit-reports-and-donations |title=Audit reports and donations |website=[[European Parliament]]}}</ref>
{{#chart:Individual members of European political parties.Line.chart
|arg:cols=year,EGP
}}

== Funding ==

As a registered European political party, the EGP is entitled to [[Funding of European political parties#European public funding|European public funding]], which it has received continuously since 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/contracts-and-grants/files/political-parties-and-foundations/european-political-parties/en-funding-amounts-parties-2025.pdf |website=European Parliament |title=Funding from the European Parliament to European political parties per party and per year |access-date=9 July 2025 }}</ref>

Below is the evolution of European public funding received by the EGP.
{{#chart:Evolution_of_public_funding_of_European_political_parties.Line.chart
|arg:where=party
|arg:eq=EGP
|arg:cols=year,maximum_allocated,amount_received
}}

In line with the Regulation on European political parties and European political foundations, the EGP also raises [[Funding of European political parties#Private funding|private funds]] to co-finance its activities. As of 2025, European parties must raise at least 10% of their reimbursable expenditure from private sources, while the rest can be covered using European public funding.{{efn|For the purpose of European party funding, "contributions" refer to financial or in-kind support provided by party members, while "donations" refer to the same but provided by non-members.}}

Below is the evolution of contributions and donations received by the EGP.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/contracts-and-grants/en/political-parties-and-foundations/audit-reports-and-donations |title=Audit reports and donations |website=European Parliament |access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref><ref name="epfo">{{cite web |url=https://epfo.eu/understanding-party-funding |title=EPFO - Understanding party funding |website=European Party Funding Observatory |publisher=European Democracy Consulting Stiftung |access-date=2024-02-16}}</ref>{{efn|For the financial year 2007, the European Green Party was later unable to recall its amount of member contributions, which is therefore null. For that year, the EGP's final reports, which determine a European party's final amount of public funding, indicate €230,500 of "own resources", a category which include contributions, donations, and other limited income. In preceding and several successive years, the EGP did not raise any donations.}}
{{#chart:Contributions raised by European political parties.Line.chart
|arg:cols=year,EGP
}}
{{#chart:Donations raised by European political parties.Line.chart
|arg:cols=year,EGP
}}

== Electoral standing and political representation ==
{{Update|date=August 2020|reason=}}
{{Main|European Greens election results}}
The table below shows the results of the Greens in each election to the European Parliament, in terms of seats and votes. It also shows how many European Commissioners the European Greens have, and who led the parliamentary group. It also lists how the Green parliamentary group and supra-national organisations was named and what European parliamentary group they joined.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/directory.html;jsessionid=E9454D4F8435789E10AB5DFA004B28FB.node2|title=Directory|access-date=26 August 2015}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
![[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]]s
!MEPs %
!Votes %
![[European Commission|EC]]
!Leaders
!EP Subgroup
!EP group
!Organization
|-
|[[1979 European Parliament election|1979]]
|0
|0
|2.4%
|0
|''none''
|''none''
|''none''
|Coordination of European Green and Radical Parties
|-
|[[1984 European Parliament election|1984]]
|11
|2.5%
|4.2%
|0
|[[Friedrich-Wilhelm Graefe zu Baringdorf]] (1984–86)<br />[[Bram van der Lek]] (1984–86)<br />[[Brigitte Heinrich]] (1986)<br />[[François Roelants du Vivier]] (1986)<br />[[Frank Schwalba-Hoth]] (1986–87)<br />[[Paul Staes]] (1987–88)<br />[[Wilfried Telkämper]] (1987–89)
|Green Alternative European Link
|[[Rainbow Group (1984–1989)|Rainbow Group]]
|European Green Coordination
|-
|[[1989 European Parliament election|1989]]
|25
|4.8%
|7.4%
|0
|[[Maria Amelia Santos]] (1989–90)<br />[[Alexander Langer]] (1990)<br />[[Adelaide Aglietta]] (1990–94)<br />[[Paul Lannoye]] (1990–94)
|colspan=2|[[The Green Group in the European Parliament|Green Group in the European Parliament]]
|European Green Coordination
|-
|[[1994 European Parliament election|1994]]
|21
|3.7%
|7.4%
|0
|[[Claudia Roth]] (1994–98), <br />[[Alexander Langer]] (1994–95), <br />[[Magda Aelvoet]] (1997–99)
|colspan=2|Green Group in the European Parliament
|European Federation of Green Parties
|-
|[[1999 European Parliament election|1999]]
|38
|6.1%
|7.7%
|1{{efn|[[Michaele Schreyer]] for [[Alliance '90/The Greens]]}}
|[[Heidi Hautala]] (1999–2002), <br />[[Paul Lannoye]] (1999–2002), <br />[[Monica Frassoni]] (2002–04), <br />[[Daniel Cohn-Bendit]] (2002–04)
|European Greens
|[[Greens–European Free Alliance]]
|European Federation of Green Parties
|-
|[[2004 European Parliament election|2004]]
|35
|4.8%
|7.3%
|0
|[[Monica Frassoni]] (2004–09), <br />[[Daniel Cohn-Bendit]] (2004–09)
|European Greens
|Greens–European Free Alliance
|European Green Party
|-
|[[2009 European Parliament election|2009]]
|48{{efn|Includes 6 independent MEPs elected for the Europe Écologie group.}}
|6.2%
|7.3%
|0
|[[Rebecca Harms]] (2009–14), <br />[[Daniel Cohn-Bendit]] (2009–14)
|European Greens
|Greens–European Free Alliance
|European Green Party
|-
|[[2014 European Parliament election|2014]]
|50<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.results-elections2014.eu/en/election-results-2014.html|title=Results of the 2014 European elections – European Parliament|work=results-elections2014.eu|access-date=16 October 2016}}</ref>{{efn|Includes 14 MEPs, from 8 countries, NOT affiliated with EGP member parties.}}
|6.7%
|7.3%
|0
|[[Rebecca Harms]] (2014–2016), <br />[[Ska Keller]] (2017–2019), <br />[[Philippe Lamberts]] (2014–2019)
|European Greens
|Greens–European Free Alliance
|European Green Party
|-
|[[2019 European Parliament election|2019]]
|67
|11.4%
|10.0%
|0
|[[Ska Keller]] and [[Bas Eickhout]]
|European Greens
|Greens-EFA
|European Green Party
|-
|[[2024 European Parliament election|2024]]
|55
|7.6%
|7.4%
|0
|[[Terry Reintke]] and [[Bas Eickhout]]
|European Greens
|Greens-EFA
|European Green Party
|}

=== Current electoral standing ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan=2 |Country
! Name
!Votes
!Total
! Last EU election
!Votes
!Total
! Last national<br />election
! Government status
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Austria}} || [[The Greens – The Green Alternative|<small>The Greens – The Green Alternative</small>]]
|532,193
|3,834,662
| 14.1%
|664,055
|4,835,469
| 13.9%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Belgium}} || {{flag|Flemish Community|name=Flemish}} || [[Groen (political party)|<small>Groen</small>]]
|525,908
| rowspan="2" |6,732,157
|7.8%
|413,836
| rowspan="2" |6,780,538
| 6.1%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| {{flag|French Community|name=French}}<br />{{flag|German-speaking Community|name=German}} || <small>[[Ecolo]]</small>
|492,330
|7.2%
|416,452
| 6.1%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Bulgaria}} || [[The Greens (Bulgaria)|<small>The Greens</small>]]
|''EPP''
|2,015,320
|6.1%{{efn|name=YesDemocrats|In a coalition with [[Yes, Bulgaria!]] and [[Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria]]

as [[Democratic Bulgaria]]}}
|EPP
|2,658,548
| 6.3%{{efn|name=YesDemocrats}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Croatia}} || [[We Can! (Croatia)|<small>We Can!</small>]]
|44,670
|764,089
| 5.9%
|193,051
|2,180,411
| 9.1%|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Cyprus}} || [[Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation|<small>Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation</small>]]
|9,232
|280,935
|3.3%{{efn|With SYPOL}}
|15,762
|357,712
| 4.4%|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Czech Republic}} || [[Green Party (Czech Republic)|<small>Green Party</small>]]
|0
|2,370,765
|''<small>did not compete</small>''
|53,343
|5,375,090
| 1.0%|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Denmark}} || [[Socialist People's Party (Denmark)|<small>Socialist People's Party</small>]]
|364,895
|2.758.855
|13.2%
|272,304
|3,569,521
| 7.7%|| {{yes2|Confidence and supply}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Estonia}} || [[Estonian Greens|<small>Estonian Greens</small>]]
|5,824
|332,104
|1.8%
|10,226
|561,131
| 1.8%|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Finland}} || [[Green League|<small>Green League</small>]]
|292,892
|1,830,045
|16.0%
|354,194
|3,081,916
| 11.5%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|France}} || [[Europe Ecology – The Greens|<small>Europe Ecology – The Greens</small>]]
|3,055,023
|22,654,164
|13.5%
|973,527
|22,655,174
| 4.3%|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Germany}} || [[Alliance 90/The Greens|<small>Alliance 90/The Greens</small>]]
|7,677,071
|37,396,889||20.5%
|6,852,206
|46,442,023
| 14.8%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Greece}} || [[Ecologist Greens|<small>Ecologist Greens</small>]]
|49,099
|5,656,122
|0.9%
|0
|5,769,542
| ''<small>did not compete</small>''|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Hungary}} || [[LMP – Hungary's Green Party|<small>LMP – Hungary's Green Party</small>]]
|75,498
|3,470,257
|2.2%
|404,429
|5,732,283
| 7.1%|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Ireland}} || <small>[[Green Party (Ireland)|Green Party]]{{efn|The Irish Green Party operates also in [[Northern Ireland]] as the "[[Green Party in Northern Ireland]]". The Northern Irish party is separately listed in this table although it does not have separate membership in the EGP.}}</small>
|93,575
|1,745,230
|5.4%
|66,911
|2,202,454
| 3.0%|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" scope="rowgroup" |{{Flag|Italy}} || rowspan="2" | [[Green Europe|<small>Green Europe</small>]]
| rowspan="2" |621,492
| rowspan="2" |26,783,732
| rowspan="2" |2.3%
| rowspan="2" |1.071.663
| rowspan="2" |29,172,085
| rowspan="2" | ''3.6%''|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| style="border-top:hidden"| || {{flag|South Tyrol}} || {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Luxembourg}} || [[The Greens (Luxembourg)|<small>The Greens</small>]]
|39.535
|217,086
|18.9%
|32.177
|216,177
| 15.1%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan=2|{{Flag|Malta}} || <small>[[AD+PD]]</small>
|7,142
|260,212
|''<small>did not compete</small>''
|0
|310,665
| ''<small>did not compete</small>''|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Netherlands}} || <small>[[GroenLinks]]</small>
|599,283
| 5,497,813|| 10.9%
|1.643.073
|10,432,726
|15.75%{{efn|As part of the [[GroenLinks–PvdA|GreenLeft-Labour]] alliance.}}|| {{maybe|TBD}} ([[2023 Dutch general election|Election]])
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Poland}} || [[The Greens (Poland)|<small>The Greens</small>]]
|''EPP''
| 13,647,311|| ''<small>38.5%</small>''{{efn|Parties included in the coalition are the [[Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)|Democratic Left Alliance]] (since 16 February), [[The Greens (Poland)|The Greens]] (since 17 February), [[Now! (political party)|Now!]] (since 18 February), [[Civic Platform]] (since 21 February), [[.Modern|Modern]], [[Alliance of Democrats (Poland)|Democratic Party]] (since 22 February), [[Polish People's Party]], [[Union of European Democrats]] (since 23 February), [[Social Democracy of Poland]] (since 2 March), [[Union of the Left (Poland)|Liberty and Equality]] (since 3 March), [[League of Polish Families]] (since 11 March) and [[Feminist Initiative (Poland)|Feminist Initiative]] (since 15 March).

The Coalition also gained the support from [[Barbara Nowacka]] and her movement, the [[Polish Initiative]] and civic organisation [[Committee for the Defence of Democracy]].

The Coalition came in second place in the [[2019 European Parliament election in Poland|2019 European Parliament election]] with 38.5% of the vote, returning 22 MEPs.}}
|EPP
|18,470,710
| ''<small>27.4%</small>''{{efn|The party participate in the [[2019 Polish parliamentary election]] as part of the [[Civic Coalition (Poland)|Civic Coalition]].}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Portugal}} || [[Ecologist Party "The Greens"|<small>Ecologist Party "The Greens"</small>]]
|''LEFT''
|3,314,414
|6.9%{{efn|name=Unitary|These are the results for [[Unitary Democratic Coalition]].}}
|LEFT
|5,340,890
| 6.3%{{efn|name=Unitary}}|| {{no2|Opposition}}
|-
|[[LIVRE]]
|60,575
|3,084,505
|1.8%<ref>{{Citation |title=2019 European Parliament election in Portugal |date=2023-06-12 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal&oldid=1159699618 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-10-19 |language=en}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=September 2024}}
|5,417,715
|71,232
|1.3%<ref>{{Citation |title=2022 Portuguese legislative election |date=2023-08-08 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Portuguese_legislative_election&oldid=1169251105 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-10-19 |language=en}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=September 2024}}
|
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Romania}} || [[Green Party (Romania)|<small>Green Party</small>]]
|0
|9,069,822
|''<small>did not compete</small>''
|23,085
|5,908,331
| 0.4%|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Slovenia}} || [[Youth Party – European Greens|<small>Youth Party – European Greens</small>]]
|0
|482,075
|''<small>did not compete</small>''
|0
|891,097
| ''<small>did not compete</small>''|| {{no|Extra-parliamentary}}
|-
| colspan="2" scope="rowgroup" |{{Flag|Spain}} || <small>[[Equo]]</small>
|0
| rowspan="3" |22,426,066
|''<small>did not compete</small>''
|582,306
| rowspan="3" |24,258,228
| 2.4%|| {{yes2|Confidence and supply}}
|-
| style="border-top:hidden" | || rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Catalonia}} || <small>[[Esquerra Verda]]{{efn|Esquerra Verda is member party of Catalunya en Comú.}}</small>
|''[[GUE-NGL|LEFT]]''
|''<small>Run with UP</small>''{{efn|name=ICV|On 2 July 2020, former ICV members announced the founding of a new party and that it would be part of the [[En Comú Podem]], with David Cid, Marta Ribas and Ernest Urtasun being members of the new party.}}
|0
| ''<small>did not compete</small>''|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| style="border-top:hidden" | || [[Catalunya en Comú|<small>Catalunya en Comú</small>]]
|''[[GUE-NGL|LEFT]]''
|''<small>Run with UP</small>''{{efn|name=ICV}}
|''LEFT''
| ''<small>Run with UP</small>''|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flag|Sweden}} || [[Green Party (Sweden)|<small>Green Party</small>]]
|478,258
|4,151,470
|11.5%
|285,899
|6,535,271
| 4.4%|| {{yes|Government}}
|-
| colspan="10" |
|-
| colspan="3" |European Greens
|15,061,100
|177,624,368
|8.48%
|12,240,131
|214,300,854
|5.71%
|
|}

=== Current political representation in European institutions ===
{| class="wikitable"
<!-- Values derived from Wikidata; do not manually edit -> https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25079 -->
|-
! Organisation !! Institution !! Number of seats 
|-
|rowspan=5 | {{EU}} || [[European Parliament]] || {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EP|percent=yes|reference=yes}}
|-
| [[European Commission]] || {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EC|percent=yes|reference=yes}}
|-
| [[European Council]]<br /><small>(Heads of Government)</small> || {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|EUCO|percent=yes|reference=yes}}
|-
| [[Council of the European Union]]<br /><small>(Participation in Government)</small> ||
|-
| [[Committee of the Regions]] || {{EUPP data|seat composition bar|COR|percent=yes|reference=yes}}
|-
| {{flag|Council of Europe}} (as part of {{wikidata|property|Q132153910|P1813}})|| [[Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe|Parliamentary Assembly]] ||  {{Composition bar|{{wikidata|property|Q132153910|P1410|P194=Q939743}}|{{wikidata|property|Q939743|P1342}}|hex={{EUPP data|color}}|per=1}}{{wikidata|references|Q132153910|P1410|P194=Q939743}} <!-- Values derived from Wikidata; do not manually edit -> https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132153910 -->
|}

== See also ==
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[European political party]]
* [[Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations]]
* [[European political foundation]]
* [[Alter-globalization]]
* [[Anti-nuclear movement]]
* [[Club of Rome]]
* [[Common good (economics)]]
* [[Communalism (Bookchin)|Communalism]]
* [[Ecofeminism]]
* [[Ecological economics]]
* [[Environmental movement]]
* [[Ethics of care]]
* [[Participatory economics]]
* [[Political ecology]]
* [[Tobin tax]]
* [[Universal basic income]]
* [[Via Campesina]]
{{div col end}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|European Green Party}}
* {{Official website}}

{{European political parties}}
{{Political organisations at European Union level}}
{{Green parties}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar|European Union|Politics|Environment|Ecology|Earth sciences|Energy}}

[[Category:2004 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2004]]
[[Category:European Green Party| ]]
[[Category:Green parties in Europe|*]]
[[Category:European political alliances]]
[[Category:European political parties]]
[[Category:Greens–European Free Alliance]]
[[Category:Anti-bullfighting organizations]]
[[Category:Pro-European European political alliances]]
[[Category:Pro-European political parties]]