View source for Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma

{{short description|Medium-lift helicopter series by Aerospatiale, later Airbus Helicopters}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name= AS332 Super Puma<br>H215
 |image= File:Eurocopter AS332M-1 Super Puma ‘T-319’.jpg
 |caption= AS332M1 Super Puma of the [[Swiss Air Force]]
 |type= Medium [[utility helicopter]]
 |national_origin= France
 |manufacturer= [[Aérospatiale]]<br>[[Eurocopter]]<br>[[Airbus Helicopters]]
 |designer= <!--only appropriate for single designers, not project leaders-->
 |first_flight= 13 September 1978
 |introduction= <!--date the aircraft entered or will enter military or revenue service-->
 |retired= <!--date the aircraft left military or revenue service. If vague or multiples, it probably should be skipped-->
 |status= In service
 |primary_user= [[French Air and Space Force]]
 |more_users= [[CHC Helicopter]]<br>[[Babcock Mission Critical Services Offshore]]<br>[[Hellenic Air Force]]<br>
[[Spanish Air and Space Force]] <!--limited to three "more users" total. please separate with <br>-->
 |produced= 1978–present
 |number_built=1,000 (Sep 2019)<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-airbus-delivers-1000th-super-puma-helicop-460724/ |title= Airbus delivers 1,000th Super Puma helicopter |date= 7 Sep 2019 |author= Dominic Perry |work= Flightglobal}}</ref>
 |developed_from= [[Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma]]
 |variants= [[Eurocopter AS532 Cougar]]
 |developed_into= [[Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma]]
}}

The '''Airbus Helicopters H215''' (formerly '''Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma''') is a four-bladed, twin-engined, medium-sized, [[utility helicopter]] developed and initially produced by French aerospace company [[Aérospatiale]]. It has been subsequently manufactured by the successor companies [[Eurocopter]] and [[Airbus Helicopters]]. The Super Puma is a re-engined and larger version of the original [[Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma]].

The Super Puma was developed during the 1970s, based on the successful SA 330 Puma. While retaining a similar layout, the fuselage was redesigned to increase its damage tolerance and crashworthiness, and [[composite material]]s were more extensively used. A pair of more powerful [[Turbomeca Makila]] [[turboshaft]] engines was<!-- pair is singular --> used, the nose was more [[streamlined]], and there were other changes. Two alternative fuselage lengths, a shortened and stretched form, were developed from the onset. On 5 September 1977, the ''SA 331'' preproduction prototype performed its [[maiden flight]]; the first true Super Puma made its first flight roughly one year later. By 1980, the Super Puma had succeeded the SA 330 Puma as Aérospatiale's principal utility helicopter.
The Super Puma quickly proved itself to be a commercial success for both military and civilian customers. The [[French Army]] was a keen early customer, using the type in its new [[Force d'Action Rapide|rapid-response task force]], and routinely dispatching Super Pumas to support France's overseas engagements in Africa and the [[Middle East]].

The Indonesian state-owned aircraft manufacturer [[PT Dirgantara Indonesia]] <!-- (PT DI) --> manufactured the model [[licensed production|under license]]. In the civilian sector, it has been heavily used to support offshore [[oil rig]]s and [[aerial firefighting]]. Since 1990, Super Pumas in military service have been marketed under the [[Eurocopter AS532 Cougar|AS532 Cougar]] name. In civilian service, a next-generation successor to the AS 332 was introduced in 2004, the further-enlarged [[Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma]].

==Development==

===Origins===

During 1974, Aérospatiale commenced development of a new medium transport helicopter based on its successful SA 330 Puma. The project's existence was publicly announced at the 1975 [[Paris Air Show]]. While the new design retained a similar general layout to the preceding AS 330, it was powered by a pair of [[Turbomeca Makila]] [[turboshaft]] engines, which had recently been developed and were more powerful than the preceding [[Turbomeca Turmo]]. The rotorcraft's four-bladed main rotor was redesigned to make use of [[composite material]]s. The design team paid substantial attention to increasing the new model's damage resistance; a more robust fuselage structure and a new crashworthy [[Landing gear|undercarriage]] were adopted, the [[rotor blade]]s are able to withstand some battle damage, and various other key mechanical systems were modified.<ref name="Jackson AI p7-10">Jackson 1984, pp. 7–10.</ref>

External features that distinguish the new helicopter from the SA 330 include a ventral fin underneath the tail boom and a more [[streamlined]] nose.<ref name="Lake var p82">Lake 2002, p. 82.</ref> From the project's onset, it had been planned for the new rotorcraft to be available in two fuselage lengths: a short-fuselage version with similar capacity to the SA 330 while providing superior performance under "hot and high" conditions, and a stretched version which allowed more internal cargo or passengers to be carried in circumstances where overall weight was deemed to be less critical.<ref name="Jackson AI p11">Jackson 1984, p. 11.</ref>

On 5 September 1977, a preproduction prototype, the ''SA 331'', modified from a SA 330 airframe by the addition of Makila engines and a new gearbox, performed its [[maiden flight]].<ref name="Jackson AI p10">Jackson 1984, p.10.</ref> The first prototype of the full Super Puma made its first flight on 13 September 1978, and was quickly followed by a further five prototypes.<ref name="Lake var p85"/> Flight testing found that the AS 332 Super Puma had a higher cruise speed and more range than the SA 330 Puma,, in part due to the Makila engine providing greater power output, and also a 17% reduction in fuel consumption. The Super Puma was also far more stable in flight, and was less reliant on automated corrective systems.<ref>Lambert 1979, pp. 437, 439.</ref> The development of military and civilian variants was carried out in parallel, including at the certification stage.<ref name ='lambert 437'>Lambert 1979, p. 437.</ref> During 1981, the first civil Super Puma was delivered.<ref name = "janes 272">Endres and Gething 2005, p. 272.</ref>

===Production and improvements===
By 1980, the AS 332 Super Puma had replaced the preceding SA 330 Puma as Aérospatiale's principal utility helicopter.<ref name ='McGowen 194'>McGowen 2005, p. 194.</ref> It quickly proved to be highly popular amongst its customers; between July 1981 and April 1987, on average, three helicopters per month were being built for operators from both the military and civilian sectors.<ref name ='sedbon 1987'>Sedbon, Gary. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%200144.html "Aerospatiale develops Super Puma II."] ''Flight International'', 18 April 1987. p. 12.</ref> The success of the AS 332 Super Puma led to the pursuit of additional development programs that produced further advanced models. These included the introduction of features including lengthened rotor blades, more powerful engines and gearboxes, increases in takeoff weight, and modernised avionics.<ref name ='sedbon 1987'/> Overseas manufacturing was established; [[Indonesian Aerospace]] (IPTN) produced both the SA 330 and AS 332 [[licensed production|under license]] from Aerospatiale; IPTN-build rotorcraft were produced for both domestic and some overseas customers.<ref name ='McGowen 195'/>

A wide variety of specialised Super Puma variants followed the basic utility transport model into operation, including dedicated [[search-and-rescue]] (SAR) and [[antisubmarine warfare]] (ASW) versions. Since 1990, military-orientated Super Pumas have been marketed under the ''[[Eurocopter AS 532|AS532 Cougar]]'' name. As a fallback option to the [[NHIndustries NH90]] programme, a ''Mark III'' Super Puma was considered for development at one stage.<ref name ='sedbon 1987'/> By 2005, various models of Super Puma had been operated by numerous customers across 38 nations for a wide variety of purposes.<ref name ='McGowen 195'>McGowen 2005, p. 195.</ref> 565 Super Pumas (including military-orientated Cougars) had been delivered or were on order at this time.<ref name = "janes 487">Endres and Gething 2005, p. 487.</ref>

During February 2012, Eurocopter announced that it was offering a lower-cost basic Super Puma configuration that would be more competitive with rivals such as the Russian-built [[Mil Mi-17]].<ref>Pyadushkin, Maxim and Robert Wall. [http://aviationweek.com/awin/mil-mi-171-super-puma-do-battle "Mil Mi-171, Super Puma To Do Battle."] ''Aviation Week'', 13 February 2012.</ref> Starlite Aviation became the launch customer for this new variant, designated AS 332 C1e.<ref>Noyé, Régis. [http://airbushelicoptersinc.com/images/news/Rotor-Journals/ROTOR_94.pdf "Starlite: Launch Customer for the New AS 332 C1e Super Puma."] ''Airbus Helicopters'', May 2013.</ref> In November 2015, Airbus Helicopters announced that manufacturing activity of the AS 332 Super Puma, which was redesignated H215, would be transferred to a new purpose-built final-assembly facility in [[Brasov]], Romania<ref>[http://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/en/press/Romania-to-host-production-of-new,-robust,-and-cost-effective-H215-heavy-helicopter_1865.html "Romania to host production of new, robust, and cost-effective H215 heavy helicopter."] ''Airbus Helicopters'', 17 November 2015.</ref> to cut production time and cost by simplifying production to a single baseline configuration that would then be customised to meet the needs of civilian and military customers.<ref>Perry, Dominic. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-helicopters-to-revive-romanian-aircraft-manuf-419220/ "Airbus Helicopters to revive Romanian aircraft manufacturing."] ''Flight International'', 17 November 2015.</ref>

==Design==
[[File:Aerospatiale AS-332M1 Super Puma, France - Army AN0185496.jpg|thumb|A French Army AS332 Super Puma, 1999]]
[[File:Prime Minister Orpo and President of European Commission Ursula von der Leyen in Lappeenranta and Imatra border crossing 19. April 2024 (53664203969).jpg|thumb|Interior of a Finnish Border Guard H215, 2024]]

The Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma is a medium-sized utility helicopter, powered by a pair of Turbomeca Makila 1A1 turboshaft engines, which drive the rotorcraft's four-bladed main rotor and five-bladed tail rotor along with a pair of independent [[hydraulic]] systems and a pair of electrical [[alternator]]s. Fuel is housed across six internal fuel tanks, while additional auxiliary and external tanks can be equipped for extended flight endurance. For safety, the fuel tanks use a crashworthy plumbing design and fire-detection and suppression systems are installed in the engine bay. The monocoque tail boom is fitted with tail rotor strike protection; the forward portion of the boom also accommodates a luggage compartment. The retractable [[tricycle landing gear]] has been designed to provide high energy-absorption qualities.<ref name = "as332 technical">[https://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_39/tile_2686/AS332-L1e-15td.pdf "AS332 L1e Technical Data – 2015."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912062500/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_39/tile_2686/AS332-L1e-15td.pdf |date=12 September 2015 }} ''Airbus Helicopters'', 2015.</ref>

The main cabin of the Super Puma, which is accessed via a pair of sliding [[plug door]]s, features a reconfigurable floor arrangement that enables various passenger seating or cargo configurations to be adopted, which includes specialised configurations for medical operators. According to Airbus Helicopters, in addition to the two pilots, the short-fuselage AS332 can accommodate up to 15 passengers, while the stretched-fuselage AS332 increases this to 20 passengers in a comfortable configuration.<ref>[https://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_39/tile_2686/CIVILRange-02-2015.pdf "Civil Range."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911135843/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_39/tile_2686/CIVILRange-02-2015.pdf |date=11 September 2015 }} ''Airbus Helicopters'', 2015.</ref> Soundproof upholstery is installed, as is separately-adjustable heating and ventilation systems. In addition to the doors, 12 windows line the sides of main cabin area, these are [[wikt:Special:Search/jettison|jettisonable]] to become emergency exits if required. The lower fuselage can also be fitted with [[Personal flotation device|flotation gear]] to give the rotorcraft additional [[buoyancy]]. A hatch is set into the cabin floor which facilitates access to the cargo sling pole, in addition to individual stowage space for airborne equipment.<ref name = "as332 technical"/>

The [[flight control system]] of the Super Puma uses four dual-body [[Servomechanism|servo units]] for pitch control of the [[Helicopter flight controls#Cyclic|cyclic]], [[Helicopter flight controls#Collective|collective]], and tail rotor. A duplex digital [[autopilot]] is also incorporated. The cockpit is equipped with dual flight controls. Principle instrumentation consists of four multifunction [[liquid crystal display]]s along with two display and autopilot control panels; for redundancy, a single integrated standby instrument system <!-- (ISIS) --> and vehicle monitoring system <!-- (VMS) --> are also fitted.<ref name = "as332 technical"/> According to Airbus Helicopters, the avionics installed on later variants has ensured a high level of operational safety.<ref name = "C1e 2014"/> Third-party firms have offered various upgrades for the Super Puma, including integrated [[flight management system]]s, [[global positioning systems]] <!-- (GPS) --> receivers, a digital map display, [[Flight recorder#Flight data recorder|flight data recorders]], a [[Airborne collision avoidance system|collision warning system]], [[night vision device|night-vision goggles]]-compatibility, and multiple [[radio]]s.<ref>Morris, John. [http://aviationweek.com/defense/ruag-aviation-shows-super-puma-upgrade "RUAG Aviation Shows Super Puma Upgrade."] ''Aviation Week'', 11 September 2012.</ref><ref>Osborne, Tony. [http://aviationweek.com/awin/adding-capabilities-combat-helicopters-europe "Adding On Capabilities For Combat Helicopters In Europe."] ''Aviation Week'', 25 March 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/67777/chc-unit-to-upgrade-swedish-super-pumas-(mar-31).html "CHC's Heli-One Group Awarded Swedish Military Super Puma Upgrade Contract."] ''CHC Helicopters'', 30 March 2006.</ref>

A marine variant of the Super Puma has been manufactured for anti-submarine and [[anti-surface warfare]]. In this configuration the Super Puma is modified with additional [[corrosion]] protection, a folding tail rotor boom, a deck-landing guidance system, [[sonar]] equipment, and the nose-mounted Omera [[search radar]]. For the anti-surface role, as of 1987 it could be armed with a pair of [[Exocet]] [[anti-ship missile]]s.<ref name = "flight 87">{{Cite magazine|title=Military Aircraft of the World - A S . 3 3 2 Super Puma|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1987/1987%20-%201326.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208052948/https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1987/1987%20-%201326.PDF|archive-date=8 December 2015|magazine=Flight International|date=1 August 1987|page=24}}</ref>

==Operational history==
[[File:OsakaPrefPolice AS332L1 JA9679 RJOY 20091023-001.jpg|thumb|An AS332 Super Puma of the [[Law enforcement in Japan#Local organization|Osaka Prefectural Police]], 2009]]

In August 1983, the French government created a new rapid-response task force, the [[Rapid Action Force (France)|Force d'Action Rapide]], to support France's allies and to contribute to France's overseas engagements in Africa and the Middle East; up to 30 Super Pumas were assigned to it.<ref>Chipman 1985, pp. 19–20.</ref> In June 1994, France staged a military intervention in the ongoing [[Rwandan genocide]], dispatching a military task force to neighboring Zaire; Super Pumas provided the bulk of the task force's rotary-lift capability, transporting French troops and equipment during their advance into Rwanda.<ref>Charbonneau 2008, pp. 140–141.</ref>

During the 1980s, the French Army were interested in mounting an airborne battlefield surveillance radar upon the Super Puma. The first prototype ''Orchidée'' was assembled at Aérospatiale's [[Marignane]] factory and began testing in late 1988; the French Army intended to procure 20 aircraft to equip two squadrons. Orchidée was described as having a pulse-[[Doppler radar]] mounted on the fuselage's underside, capable of 360° scanning to detect low-flying helicopters and ground vehicles at ranges of up to 150&nbsp;km; gathered data were to be relayed in real time to mobile ground stations by a single-channel [[data link]] for processing and analysis before being transmitted to battlefield commanders. The system was said to be capable of all-weather operation, and would counteract hostile [[electronic countermeasures]].<ref>Sedbon, Gilbert. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%201599.html "France develops Battlefield Radar."] ''Flight International'', 18 June 1988. p. 17.</ref> However, development was aborted in mid-1990 during post-[[Cold War]] defence spending reductions.<ref>"French end development of Orchidee radar." ''Aviation Week & Space Technology'', 133(13), 24 September 1990. p. 22.</ref>

[[File:IPTN NAS-232 Super Puma; @HLP 2017 (34265904195).jpg|thumb|An Indonesian Super Puma in 2017]]
Indonesia has been a key customer for the Super Puma; state-owned aircraft manufacturer [[PT Dirgantara Indonesia]] (PT DI) secured a license to produce the type.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2012-02-10/airbus-military-launches-pacific-drive-indonesia |title = Airbus Military launches Pacific drive from Indonesia |publisher = ainonline.com |date = 10 February 2012}}</ref> While the company was initially involved in the assembly and finishing of Super Pumas delivered from Europe, PT DI has expanded the range of its manufacturing involvement in the type over time, while also expanding its collaboration with [[Eurocopter]].<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2012-06-08/eurocopter-boosts-asian-prospects-indonesia-kazakhstan |title = Eurocopter Boosts Asian Prospects via Indonesia, Kazakhstan |publisher = ainonline.com |first = Chris |last = Pocock |date = 8 June 2012}}</ref> In 1989, the [[Indonesian Air Force]] placed an order for 16 Super Pumas as a replacement for its ageing [[Sikorsky S-58T]] fleet, but amid continued funding shortfalls, only seven units had been delivered by 2008, the operations of which were reportedly hampered by a lack of spare parts. The Indonesian government had also ordered 16 Super Pumas for purposes such as [[VIP]] transport, seven of which had been delivered by 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296757977 |title = Indonesia reduces Super Puma order |first = J |last = Grevatt |date = January 2008}}</ref> These helicopters were manufactured locally by PT DI.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296433321 |title = PT Dirgantara nears aircraft deal for Indonesian forces |first = J |last = Grevatt |date = May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://en.antaranews.com/news/167028/pt-di-delivers-super-puma-chopper-to-air-force |title = PT DI delivers Super Puma chopper to Air Force |publisher = en.antaranews.com |date = 29 January 2021}}</ref>

[[File:Swedish Super Puma 1.jpg|thumb|left|A Swedish AS332, 2004]]

A key export customer was Switzerland, which had originally purchased fifteen AS 332M1 Super Pumas, locally designated ''TH89'', for the [[Swiss Air Force]]. These were subsequently joined by 11 AS 532UL Cougars, designated ''TH98'', while the ''TH06'' programme was launched in 2006 to retrofit the earlier Super Puma fleet with new avionics that equalled or exceeded the capabilities of the newer Cougar fleet by [[RUAG]]. The Swiss Air Force has typically deployed the type for [[intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance]]  and search-and-rescue (SAR) missions.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2013-06-18/ruag-shows-super-puma-upgrade-delivers-do-228s |title = Ruag Shows Off Super Puma Upgrade, Delivers Do 228s |publisher = ainonline.com |first1 = Neelam |last1 = Mathews |first2 = David |last2 = Donald |date = 18 June 2013}}</ref> Swiss Super Pumas have occasionally been deployed outside the country, usually to provide humanitarian aid, such as a deployment to Greece for [[aerial firefighting]] in August 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.airmedandrescue.com/latest/news/swiss-helicopters-return-greece-wildfires |title = Swiss helicopters return from Greece wildfires |publisher = airmedandrescue.com |date = 19 August 2021}}</ref>

During 1988, Sweden arranged to procure a fleet of 12 Super Pumas; they were primarily operated domestically, although some were deployed overseas occasionally, such as to provide medical evacuation services to coalition forces engaged in the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|war in Afghanistan]].<ref>[http://www.shephardmedia.com/news/rotorhub/swedish-helicopter-wing-prepares-for-operations-in-afghanistan/5388/ "Swedish Helicopter Wing prepares for operations in Afghanistan ."] ''Shephard Media'', 12 June 2010.</ref> In October 2015, the [[Swedish Air Force]] retired its last Super Puma, replacing it with newer rotorcraft such as the [[NHIndustries NH90]] and [[Sikorsky UH-60M Black Hawk]].<ref name = "flight sweden2015">{{cite web |url = https://www.flightglobal.com/helicopters/swedish-military-retires-last-super-puma/118586.article |title = Swedish military retires last Super Puma |publisher = flightglobal.com |first = Gunnar |last = Åkerberg |date = 20 October 2015}}</ref> Six of the retired Super Pumas were sold and refurbished for further service with other operators.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://ex-changeparts.com/img/news/ExCP_AS332M1PressReleaseOct2018.pdf |title = Ex-Change Parts acquires Super Puma AS332M1 helicopters from the Swedish Armed Forces |publisher = ex-changeparts.com |date = 9 October 2018}}</ref>

During 1990, Nigeria made a deal with Aerospatiale to exchange several of their Pumas for larger Super Pumas.<ref>African Defence Journal, Issues 113–124, 1990. p. 12.</ref> In November 2009, an additional five used Super Pumas were acquired from France for peacekeeping and surveillance operations in the [[Niger Delta]].<ref>[http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5546 "Nigeria buys oil security, peacekeeping ’copters."] ''Reuters'', 26 November 2009.</ref> In 2015, it was reported that a number of weaponised Super Pumas had been procured by the [[Nigerian Air Force]] for anti-insurgency operations against [[Boko Haram]].<ref>Ejiofor, Clement. [https://www.naij.com/446387-naf-use-weaponised-helicopters-against-boko-haram.html "NAF Use Weaponised Helicopters Against Boko Haram."] ''Naija'', May 2015.</ref> During 2000, a pair of Nigerian Super Pumas were deployed to in Cross River State to improve area surveillance and increase available firepower in response to insecurity in the vicinity of the Bakassi axis.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://ait.live/fighting-puma-helicopter-airforce-to-deploy-two-super-puma-helicopter-to-cross-river/ |title = Airforce deploys 2 Puma Helicopter to Bakassi in Cross River State |publisher = ait.live |first = Rasheed |last = Olanrewaju |date = 2020}}</ref>

In late 1990s, the [[Hellenic Air Force]]<!-- (HAF) --> issued a request to acquire more modern and capable SAR helicopters,<ref>[http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/as332-c1e-super-puma-twin-engine-helicopter/] ''airforce-technology.com''</ref> to replace its ageing fleet of Agusta Bell [[AB-205]] SAR helicopters, which were in use since 1975. The need for an all-weather, day and night, long range SAR helicopter for operations throughout the Athens FIR came up after the [[Imia/Kardak]] incident of 1996, and the growing tension between Greece and Turkey over territorial water disputes on the [[Aegean Sea]]. The Greek government signed a deal with Eurocopter for the purchase of an initial four AS-332 C1 Super Pumas in 1998.<ref>[http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/3979/greece-orders-four-sar-super-pumas-(dec.-22).html] ''Defence-aerospace.com'', 21 December 2000.</ref><ref>[http://www.helis.com/news/1999/aespgre.htm] ''helis.com''.</ref> HAF acquired two more Super Pumas for air support operations of the [[Athens 2004 Olympic Games]], and six more followed from 2007 to 2011 for the new CSAR role of the 384 SAR/CSAR Sq. All HAF Super Pumas are of the C1 version, which includes features such as a four-axis auto pilot, a NADIR type1000 navigation and mission management computer, [[FLIR]] turrets, an RBR1500B search radar, an engine anti-icing system, hydraulic and electrical hoists, a SPECTROLAB SX-16 searchlight, engine exhaust-gas deflectors, a Bertin loudspeaker, and six-stretcher interior configuration for MEDEVAC missions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.haf.gr/en/equipment/as-332c1-super-puma/|title=AS 332C1 Super Puma - Hellenic Air Force|first=Hellenic Air|last=Force}}</ref>

[[File:Spanish Air Force Super Puma flying over Herat province in 2008.jpg|thumb|AS332 of the [[Spanish Air Force]] conducting a medevac over [[Herat Province]], Afghanistan, 2008]]

The [[Spanish Air Force]] operated Super Pumas for various purposes. The fleet participated in the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|war in Afghanistan]] between 2005 and 2011, at one point being the sole rotorcraft providing [[combat search and rescue|combat SAR]] <!-- (CSAR) --> and MEDEVAC cover in Afghanistan's western regions, the last of these were withdrawn in November 2013.<ref>Cherisey, Erwan de. [http://www.emad.mde.es/Galerias/DOCUMENTOS-INTERES/multimedia/documentos-descargados/documentosOPERACIONES/140201-HELISAF-SPANISH-SAR-IF-AFGHANISTAN.pdf "HELISAF: Spanish SAR in Afghanistan."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208194345/http://www.emad.mde.es/Galerias/DOCUMENTOS-INTERES/multimedia/documentos-descargados/documentosOPERACIONES/140201-HELISAF-SPANISH-SAR-IF-AFGHANISTAN.pdf |date=8 December 2015 }} ''Air Forces Monthly'', February 2014. No. 311. pp. 36–40.</ref><ref>"Spanish helicopters attacked by Afghan insurgents during rescue mission." ABC News, 12 July 2008.</ref> The type has also been used domestically for firefighting.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.surinenglish.com/malaga/axarquia/competa-forest-fire-20220718192117-nt.html |title = Cómpeta fire is declared 'extinguished' |publisher = |first1 = Isabel|last1 = MÉndez |first2 = Eugenio |last2 = Caberazas |date = 19 July 2022}}</ref> During the 2010s, Spain decided to replace its Super Puma with the newer NH90, the first of which was delivered in 2020.

[[File:AS-332 (7952347754).jpg|thumb|A Brazilian Navy Super Puma]]
''VH-34'' is the [[Brazilian Air Force]]'s designation for the helicopter used to transport the [[President of Brazil]]. A pair of modified Super Pumas, configured to carry up to 15 passengers and three crew members, were used as the main presidential helicopters. The ''VH-34'' model was progressively supplemented and later replaced by the ''VH-36'', the later EC725.<ref>[http://www.fab.mil.br/portal/aeronaves/htm/ch34.htm "VH-34 Super Puma."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928200033/http://www.fab.mil.br/portal/aeronaves/htm/ch34.htm |date=28 September 2011 }} ''Brazilian Air Force''. Retrieved 26 January 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.ebc.com.br/noticias/brasil/2013/10/helicoptero-que-transportaria-dilma-apresenta-problema-no-motor "Helicóptero de Dilma apresenta problema no motor."] ''EPC'', 2 November 2013.</ref> Several French presidents, including [[François Mitterrand]], have used military Super Pumas for official transport during diplomatic missions.<ref>Ripley 2010, p. 11.</ref> During 2008, British Prime Minister [[Gordon Brown]] was flown in a Super Puma during a tour of Iraq.<ref>Watt, Nicholas. [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/jul/20/iraq.iraq "Brown sets out plan for UK pull-out from Iraq."] ''The Guardian'', 20 July 2008.</ref>

The Super Puma has reportedly proven to be well-suited to offshore operations for the [[North Sea]] [[oil industry]], where the type has been used to ferry personnel and equipment to and from oil platforms. One of the biggest civilian operators of the Super Puma is [[Bristow Helicopters]], which had a fleet of at least 30 Super Pumas in 2005;<ref name ='McGowen 195'/> [[CHC Helicopters]] is another large civil operator, having possessed a fleet of 56 Super Pumas in 2014.<ref>[http://ir.chc.ca/Cache/1500062168.PDF?Y=&O=PDF&D=&FID=1500062168&T=&IID=4293047 "CHC Helicopter Fiscal 2014 Fourth Quarter."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706111921/http://ir.chc.ca/Cache/1500062168.PDF?Y=&O=PDF&D=&FID=1500062168&T=&IID=4293047 |date=6 July 2022 }} ''CHC Helicopter'', 10 July 2014. p. 28.</ref> During the 1990s, Iran procured at least seven Indonesian-built Super Pumas for civil offshore [[oil exploration]] missions.<ref>Hunter 2010, p. 138.</ref><ref>[https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1993/1993%20-%202706.PDF "IPTN pushes Super Puma sales to Iran."] ''Flight International'', 16 November 1993.</ref> Super Pumas are also operated by [[Petrobras]], the largest energy company in Brazil, to support its long-distance [[oil rig]]s.<ref name = "Petrobras eurocopter2013"/> The largest civilian helicopter operator in China, [[CITIC Offshore Helicopter]], operates a sizeable Super Puma fleet.<ref name = "citic eurocopter2013"/> At least 19 Super Pumas were operated by [[Federal Police (Germany)|Germany's Federal Police]] service as of 2018.<ref name = "german eurocopter2018"/>

The [[Finnish Border Guard]] has operated numerous AS332 L1 Super Pumas equipped for maritime reconnaissance and SAR operations throughout the country. To better suit the challenging prevailing conditions, they are typically fitted with [[forward-looking infrared]], a four-axis autopilot, and de-icing apparatus.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.helicopters.airbus.com/website/en/press/Eurocopter%20will%20supply%20two%20more%20AS332%20L1%20Super%20Puma%20helicopters%20to%20the%20Finnish%20Border%20Guard%20for%20maritime%20search%20and%20rescue%20missions_944.html |title = Eurocopter will supply two more AS332 L1 Super Puma helicopters to the Finnish Border Guard for maritime search and rescue missions |publisher = helicopters.airbus.com |date = 20 December 2012}}</ref> During the late 2010s, older members of Finland's Super Puma fleet were transported to Romania to be modernised and equipped to the newer H215 standard.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/companii/finlanda-isi-va-moderniza-elicopterele-in-romania-724723 |title = Finlanda își va moderniza elicopterele în România |publisher = digi24.ro |date = 15 May 2017}}</ref>

In 2014, Airbus Helicopters, the manufacturer of the type, stated that the Super Puma/Cougar family had delivered 890 to customers across 56 nations.<ref name = "C1e 2014">[https://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_38/tile_2683/AS332_C1e-MP-0114E.pdf "AS332 C1e."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911201911/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/docs_wsw/RUB_38/tile_2683/AS332_C1e-MP-0114E.pdf |date=11 September 2015 }} ''Airbus Helicopters'', 2014.</ref> By 2015, 187 Super Pumas had reportedly been ordered by military customers; amongst others, the orders included 29 for Argentina, 30 for Spain, 33 for Indonesia, 22 for Singapore and 12 for Greece.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.military-today.com/helicopters/eurocopter_puma_cougar.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070518200222if_/http://www.military-today.com/helicopters/eurocopter_puma_cougar.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=18 May 2007|title=Eurocopter Puma / Cougar Medium transport helicopter|last=ARG}}</ref>

In November 2017, Romania announced its intention to buy up to 16 helicopters, and planned to make a 30% down payment towards the first four aircraft that year.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adamowski|first1=Jarosław|title=Romania to buy H215 helos from Airbus-IAR consortium|url=https://www.defensenews.com/air/2017/11/03/romania-to-buy-h215-helos-from-airbus-iar-consortium/|website=Defense News|access-date=4 November 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171104154543/https://www.defensenews.com/air/2017/11/03/romania-to-buy-h215-helos-from-airbus-iar-consortium/|archive-date=4 November 2017|location=Warsaw, Poland|date=3 November 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Variants==
[[File:Armée de l'Air AS532 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma ([[Defense Minister of France]])]]

* '''SA 331''' – Initial prototype, based on SA 330 airframe, first flew on 5 September 1977<ref name="Lake var p85">Lake 2002, p. 85.</ref>
* '''AS 332A''' – Commercial preproduction version
* '''AS 332B''' – Military version
* '''AS 332B1''' – First military version
* '''AS 332C''' – Production civilian version<ref name = "janes 272"/>
* '''AS 332C1''' – SAR version, equipped with a search radar and six stretchers<ref name = "janes 272"/>
* '''AS 332F''' – Military antisubmarine and antiship version
* '''AS 332F1''' – Naval version
* '''AS 332L''' – Civilian version with more powerful engines, a lengthened fuselage, a larger cabin space, and a larger fuel tank<ref name = "janes 272"/>
* '''AS 332L1''' – Stretched civilian version, with a long fuselage and an airline interior<ref name = "janes 272"/>
* '''AS 332L2 Super Puma Mk 2''' – Civilian transport version, fitted with Spheriflex rotor head and EFIS<ref name = "janes 272"/>
* '''AS 332M''' – Military version of the AS 332L
* '''AS 332M1''' – Stretched military version
* '''NAS 332''' – Licensed version built by [[IPTN]], now Indonesian Aerospace PT DI
* '''UH-14''' – Brazilian Navy designation of the AS 332F.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Brazilian Military Aircraft Designations |url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/brazil.html |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=designation-systems.net}}</ref>
* '''CH-34''' – Brazilian Air Force designation of the AS 332M.<ref name=":0" />
* '''VH-34''' – Brazilian Air Force designation of the VIP-configured AS 332M1.<ref name=":0" />
* '''H.9''' – ({{langx|th|ฮ.๙}}) [[Royal Thai Armed Forces]] designation for the AS 332L2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thai Military Aircraft Designations |url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/thailand.html |access-date=2025-03-20 |website=designation-systems.net}}</ref>

==Operators==
===Civilian===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Civilian operators
|-
! Country
! Airlines
|-
| Azerbaijan
| [[Azerbaijan Airlines]]<ref>[http://www.eurocopter.com/publications/FO/scripts/newsFO_complet.php?lang=EN&news_id=70 Eurocopter Press Release – Azerbaijan Airlines Orders 6 Helicopters From Eurocopter] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926223214/http://www.eurocopter.com/publications/FO/scripts/newsFO_complet.php?lang=EN&news_id=70 |date=26 September 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Azerbaijan Airlines AS332 |url=http://www.helis.com/database/modelorg/1829/ |access-date=12 March 2013}}</ref>
|-
| Brazil
| [[Petrobras]]<ref name="Petrobras eurocopter2013">{{Cite web |title=A Satisfied Eurocopter Customer |url=http://www.eurocopter.com/w1/jrotor/71/petrobras.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005001720/http://www.eurocopter.com/w1/jrotor/71/petrobras.html |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=eurocopter.com |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| Canada
| [[CHC Helicopter]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHC Helicopters fleet |url=http://www.chc.ca/AboutCHC/Fleet/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213054621/http://www.chc.ca/AboutCHC/Fleet/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=13 February 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=chc.ca |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| China
| [[CITIC Offshore Helicopter]]<ref name="citic eurocopter2013">{{Cite web |title=Eurocopter and COHC Sign Contract for Two AS 332 L1 Super Pumas |url=http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/press/Eurocopter-and-COHC-Sign-Contract-for-Two-AS-332-L1-Super-Pumas-in-Offshore-Configuration-and-Additional-Optional-Helicopters_284.html?iframe=true&width=700 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004233454/http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/press/Eurocopter-and-COHC-Sign-Contract-for-Two-AS-332-L1-Super-Pumas-in-Offshore-Configuration-and-Additional-Optional-Helicopters_284.html?iframe=true&width=700 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=eurocopter.com |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| Germany
| [[Federal Police (Germany)|German Federal Police]]<ref name="german eurocopter2018">{{Cite web |date=14 December 2018 |title=German Federal Police strengthens Super Puma fleet with delivery of three H215s |url=http://www.helicopters.airbus.com/website/en/press/German-Federal-Police-strengthens-Super-Puma-fleet-with-delivery-of-three-H215s_2229.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119104928/http://www.helicopters.airbus.com/website/en/press/German-Federal-Police-strengthens-Super-Puma-fleet-with-delivery-of-three-H215s_2229.html |archive-date=19 January 2023 |access-date=14 August 2022 |publisher=helicopters.airbus.com}}</ref>
|-
| Greece
| [[Hellenic Fire Service]] - Operates two AS332L.1s.<ref>Scharenborg 2022, p. 70</ref>
|-
| Hong Kong
| [[Government Flying Service (Hong Kong)|Government Flying Service]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GFS fleet |url=http://www.gfs.gov.hk/eng/aircraft4.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005005901/http://www.gfs.gov.hk/eng/aircraft4.htm |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=Government of Hong Kong}}</ref>
|-
| Iceland
| [[Icelandic Coast Guard]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=World's Air Forces 2004 pg. 63 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202356.html |access-date=12 March 2013}}</ref>
|-
| Japan
| 
* [[Japan Coast Guard|Coast Guard]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2011 |title=Japan Coast Guard to boost its fleet |url=http://www.aviationnews.eu/2011/08/18/japan-coast-guard-to-boost-its-fleet-with-new-ec225-helicopters-after-intensive-rescue-missions-in-the-wake-of-the-japanese-earthquake-and-tsunami/ |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=aviationnews.eu}}</ref>
* [[Tokyo Fire Department]]<ref>Thompson, Paul [http://www.j-hangarspace.jp/fire-disaster-prevention Fire/Disaster Prevention] ''J-HangarSpace'' Retrieved February 27, 2017</ref>
|-
| Norway
| [[Lufttransport]]
|-
| Serbia
| [[Serbian police helicopter unit|Serbian Police]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bozinovski |first=Igor |date=18 March 2019 |title=Serbia to acquire H215 helicopters |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/serbia-to-acquire-h215-helicopters-456730/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190318223700/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/serbia-to-acquire-h215-helicopters-456730/ |archive-date=18 March 2019 |access-date=18 March 2019 |website=FlightGlobal |location=Belgrade}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Serbia and Airbus Helicopters expand partnership |date=26 June 2019 |url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/06/serbia-and-airbus-helicopters-expand-partnership.html |access-date=12 October 2019 |website=Airbus}}</ref>
|-
| Ukraine
| [[State Emergency Service of Ukraine]]
|-
| United Kingdom
| 
* [[Bond Offshore Helicopters]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bond fleet |url=http://www.bondaviationgroup.com/engineering/fleet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005013848/http://www.bondaviationgroup.com/engineering/fleet |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=bondaviationgroup.com |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[Bristow Helicopters]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bristow Helicopter Fleet |url=http://www.bristowgroup.com/clients/helicopter-fleet/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610051454/http://www.bristowgroup.com/clients/helicopter-fleet/ |archive-date=10 June 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=bristowgroup.com}}</ref>
* [[CHC Scotia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHC Scotia |url=http://www.chc.ca/ |access-date=24 August 2013 |publisher=chc.ca}}</ref>
|-
| United States
| [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sheriff's New Super Puma Rescue Helicopters |url=http://sheriff.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/lasd/!ut/p/b0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOItDQwM3P2dgo3czXwtDTydQ8y8w0wCDP1DzPQLsh0VAQswzxU!/?1dmy&page=dept.lac.lasd.home.newsroom.detail.hidden&urile=wcm%3Apath%3A/lasd+content/lasd+site/home/home+top+stories/new+super+puma+helicopters+are+unveiled |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002539/http://sheriff.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/lasd/!ut/p/b0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOItDQwM3P2dgo3czXwtDTydQ8y8w0wCDP1DzPQLsh0VAQswzxU!/?1dmy&page=dept.lac.lasd.home.newsroom.detail.hidden&urile=wcm%3Apath%3A%2Flasd+content%2Flasd+site%2Fhome%2Fhome+top+stories%2Fnew+super+puma+helicopters+are+unveiled |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=lacounty.gov}}</ref>
|-
| Vietnam
| [[Southern Vietnam Helicopter Company]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=VNH South - Super Puma AS332 L2 |url=http://www.vnhs.com.vn/en/helicopter-fleet/super-puma-as332-l2.php |access-date=2021-10-24 |website=www.vnhs.com.vn}}</ref>
|}

<gallery>
LASD Rescue 5.jpg|An [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department|L.A. County Sheriff's Department]] Super Puma flying a [[Search and rescue|SAR]] mission
CHC G-CHCG IMG 0440 (8634746795).jpg|A [[CHC Helicopter|CHC]] AS332L2 Super Puma
Icelandic Coast Guard Puma (cropped).jpg|AS 332, named ''[[TF-LÍF|Líf]]'', of the [[Icelandic Coast Guard]]
</gallery>

===Military===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Military operators
|-
! Country
! Airlines
|-
| Albania
| [[Albanian Air Force|Albanian air force]]{{Citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|-
| Argentina
| [[Argentine Army Aviation]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019">{{Cite web |year=2019 |title=World Air Forces 2019 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126/ |access-date=5 January 2019 |publisher=Flightglobal Insight}}</ref>
|-
| Bolivia
| [[Bolivian Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Brazil
| [[Brazilian Army Aviation]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Chile
| [[Chilean Navy]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Ecuador
| [[Ecuadorian Army]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Finland
| [[Finnish Border Guard]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurocopter will supply two more AS332 L1 Super Puma helicopters to the Finnish Border Guard |url=http://www.aviationnews.eu/2012/12/20/eurocopter-will-supply-two-more-as332-l1-super-puma-helicopters-to-the-finnish-border-guard-for-maritime-search-and-rescue-missions/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130311011843/http://www.aviationnews.eu/2012/12/20/eurocopter-will-supply-two-more-as332-l1-super-puma-helicopters-to-the-finnish-border-guard-for-maritime-search-and-rescue-missions/ |archive-date=11 March 2013 |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=aviationnews.eu}}</ref>
|-
| France
| [[French Air and Space Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Gabon
| [[Gabonese Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Georgia
| [[Ministry of Defense (Georgia)|Ministry of Defense]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kirtzkhalia |first=N. |date=7 September 2015 |title=Georgian President strongly against sale of Super Puma helicopters by Defence Ministry |url=http://en.trend.az/scaucasus/georgia/2187203.html |access-date=22 June 2015 |agency=Trend}}</ref>
|-
| Greece
| [[Hellenic Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Indonesia
|  [[Indonesian Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Jordan
| [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Kuwait
| [[Kuwait Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Lebanon
| [[Lebanese Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Mali
| [[Military of Mali Air Force|Mali Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Morocco
| [[Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2012 |title=Moroccan Royal Gendarmerie recognized |url=http://helihub.com/2012/04/09/moroccan-royal-gendarmerie-recognized-for-50-years-of-eurocopter-operations/ |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=helihub.com}}</ref>
|-
| Nigeria
| [[Nigerian Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Oman
| [[Royal Air Force of Oman]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Saudi Arabia
| [[Royal Saudi Navy]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| South Korea
| [[Republic of Korea Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Spain
| [[Spanish Air and Space Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" /> 
|-
| Switzerland
| [[Swiss Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| United Arab Emirates
| [[United Arab Emirates Air Force]]
|-
| United Kingdom 
| [[Royal Air Force]]
|-
| Ukraine
| [[National Guard of Ukraine]]
|-
| Uzbekistan
| [[Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces|Uzbekistan Air Force]]
|-
| Venezuela
| [[Venezuelan Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|}

<gallery>
HAF Super Pumas (modified).jpg|AS 332 of the [[Hellenic Air Force]]
Singapore Super Puma lands on USS Inchon (cropped).jpg|A [[Republic of Singapore Air Force|Singapore Air Force]] Super Puma approaching {{USS|Inchon}}
Aerospatiale AS-332B1 Super Puma - Lofting.jpg|AS 332 of the [[Spanish Air Force]]
140514-F-XO702-229 (14243871674).jpg|[[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] Super Puma
</gallery>

====Former operators====
[[File:Venezuela Air Force Eurocopter AS-332B1 Super Puma AADPR-1.jpg|thumb|AS 332B1 Super Puma of [[Venezuela Air Force]]]]
[[File:Aerospatiale AS-332 L Super Puma Togo - Air Force, GRQ Groningen (Eelde), Netherlands PP1168187814.jpg|thumb|A Togolese Super Puma in 1990]]

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Former operators
|-
! Country
! Airlines
|-
| Brazil
| [[Brazilian Air Force]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Plavetz|first=Ivan|date=2015-12-01|title=FAB desativa helicópteros H-34|url=https://tecnodefesa.com.br/fab-desativa-helicopteros-h-34/|website=Tecnologia & Defesa|access-date=2025-09-02}}</ref><ref name=wiltgen>{{Cite web|last=Wiltgen|first=Guilherme|date=2022-10-06|title=Batalhão de Manutenção da AvEx atinge 75% de disponibilidade do HM-3 Cougar|url=https://www.defesaaereanaval.com.br/aviacao/batalhao-de-manutencao-da-avex-atinge-75-de-disponibilidade-do-hm-3-cougar|website=Defesa Aérea & Naval|access-date=2025-09-02}}</ref><br/>
[[Brazilian Naval Aviation]]<ref name=wiltgen/>
|-
| Cameroon
| [[Cameroon Air Force]]<ref>{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |date=16–22 November 2004 |work=Flight International |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=49 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202342.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2014 |title=TJ-AAR aerospatiale AS332L Super Puma C/N 2119 |url=http://www.helis.com/database/cn/25746/ |access-date=2 August 2016 |website=Helis.com}}</ref>
|-
| China
| [[People's Liberation Army Ground Force]]<ref>{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |date=16–22 November 2004 |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=51 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202344.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref>
|-
| Democratic Republic of the Congo
| [[Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congolese Democratic Air Force]]<ref>{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |date=16–22 November 2004 |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=52 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202345.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=aerospatiale AS332L Super Puma C/N 2108 |url=http://www.helis.com/database/cn/25720/ |access-date=2 August 2016 |website=Helis.com}}</ref>
|-
| Indonesia
| [[Indonesian Navy]]<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Willis |editor-first=David |title=Aerospace Encyclopedia of World Air Forces |date=1999 |location=London, UK |publisher=Aerospace Publishing Ltd |isbn=1-86184-045-4 |pages=293 }}</ref>
|-
| Japan
| [[Japan Ground Self-Defense Force]]<ref>{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |date=16–22 November 2004 |work=Flight International |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=68 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202361.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref>
|-
| Sweden
| [[Swedish Air Force]]<ref name = "flight sweden2015"/>
|-
| Thailand
| [[Royal Thai Air Force]]<ref name="auto">{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |date=16–22 November 2004 |work=Flight International |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=89 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202382.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AS332L2 Super Puma in Royal Thai Air Force |url=http://www.helis.com/database/modelorg/1825/ |access-date=2 August 2016 |website=Helis.com}}</ref>
|-
| Singapore
| [[Republic of Singapore Air Force]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2019" />
|-
| Togo
| [[Togolese Air Force]]<ref name="auto1">{{Citation |title=World's Air Forces 2004 |work=Flight International |volume=166 |issue=4960 |page=90 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202383.html |access-date=12 March 2013 |via=Flightglobal Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=5V-TAH G-BWZX LN-OLE aerospatiale AS332L Super Puma C/N 2120 |url=http://www.helis.com/database/cn/25747/ |access-date=2 August 2016 |website=Helis.com}}</ref>
|}

==Notable accidents and incidents==
* 16 July 1988 – an AS332 L operated by Helikopter Service AS ditched in the North Sea due to heavy vibrations caused by the loss of a metal strip from one of the main rotor blades. All passengers and crew survived.<ref name=Dagbladet>{{cite web |url=http://www.dagbladet.no/970908/nyh-10-b.html |title=Helikotertragedien: Tidligere helikopterulykker i Nordsjøen |language=no |trans-title=The helicopter tragedy: Previous helicopter accidents in the North Sea |publisher=Dagbladet |date=8 September 1997 |access-date=5 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010184636/http://www.dagbladet.no/970908/nyh-10-b.html |archive-date=10 October 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* 14 March 1992 – [[1992 North Sea Bristow Super Puma crash|G-TIGH]] lost control and crashed into the North Sea near [[East Shetland Basin]]; 11 of the 17 passengers and crew died.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aaib.gov.uk/cms_resources.cfm?file=/2-1993%20G-TIGH.pdf |title=Report on the accident to AS 332L Super Puma, G-Tigh near in Comorant 'A' Platform, East Shetland Basin, on 14 March 1992. |date=1993-04-26 |website=Air Accidents Investigation Branch |access-date=2018-07-13}}</ref>
* 19 January 1995 – G-TIGK, operating [[Bristow Helicopters Flight 56C]], ditched in the North Sea, after being hit by an abnormally large [[lightning]] strike; there were no fatalities, but the aircraft was written off.<ref>{{cite book|title=Aircraft Accident Report 2/97|publisher=Air Accidents Investigation Branch|date=15 Aug 1997}}</ref>
* 18 January 1996 – LN-OBP, an AS332 L1 operated by Helikopter Service AS, ditched in the North Sea some 200&nbsp;km south-west of Egersund. All passengers and crew survived and the helicopter was still floating 3 days later.<ref name=Dagbladet/>
* 18 March 1996 – LN-OMC, an AS332 operated by Airlift from Svalbard Airport crashed at [[Wijdefjorden]]. There were no fatalities
* 8 September 1997 – [[Helikopter Service Flight 451|LN-OPG]], an AS332 L1 operated by Helikopter Service AS, suffered a catastrophic main gearbox failure and crashed en route from Brønnøysund to the [[Norne oil field]], killing all 12 aboard.<ref name="Rep47">{{cite web|url=http://www.aibn.no/items/247/144/6203097590/LN_OPG_eng.pdf|title=Report on the air accident 8 September 1997 in the Norwegian Sea approx. 100 nm west north west of Brønnøysund, involving Eurocopter AS 332L1 Super Puma, LN-OPG, operated by Helikopter Service AS|date=November 2001|publisher=Air Accident Investigation Board, Norway|access-date=16 April 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008213437/http://www.aibn.no/items/247/144/6203097590/LN_OPG_eng.pdf|archive-date=8 October 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Eurocopter accepted some but not all of the AAIB/N recommendations.<ref>[http://www.aibn.no/items/247/158/8027784998/LN_OPG_appendix_4.pdf "Comments on the conclusion & recommendations on the draft of the final report."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008215417/http://www.aibn.no/items/247/158/8027784998/LN_OPG_appendix_4.pdf |date=8 October 2006 }} May 2001.</ref>
*11 August 2000 - Kaskasapakte, [[Sweden]]. A Swedish Air Force AS332M1 (10404 / H94) crash into the mountainside during initial approach to perform hoisting operations during a mountain rescue mission. All 3 crewmembers are killed. The cause of the accident was not fully determined, but difficult visual conditions is believed to have caused the crew to lose judgement of distance to the mountain side.<ref>{{Cite web|title=All you need to know about helicopters in Sweden - Nordic Rotors|url=http://www.nordicrotors.com/memorial|access-date=2021-02-05|website=www.nordicrotors.com|archive-date=13 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213162136/http://www.nordicrotors.com/memorial|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 18 November 2003 - [[Rörö]], Sweden. A Swedish Air Force AS332M1 (10409 / H99) crash into the sea during a night-time hoist exercise near Rörö in Gothenburg's archipelago. The task was to conduct a number of hoist cycles to the rescue ship ''[[Swedish Sea Rescue Society|Märta Collin]]''. On approach the aircraft suddenly hit the water at high velocity, killing six crew members. Only one crew member, a conscript rescue swimmer, survived with minor injuries. The cause of the accident was not fully determined, but was believed to have been the result of incorrect flight attitude awareness in bad weather.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/72728 |title=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
* 21 November 2006 – A Eurocopter AS332 L2 SAR helicopter ditched in the North Sea. The aircraft was equipped with two automatic inflatable life rafts, but both failed to inflate. The Dutch Safety Board afterwards issued a warning.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.onderzoeksraad.nl/en/index.php/onderzoeken/noodlanding-in-zee-gemaakt-2006137/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130222152354/http://www.onderzoeksraad.nl/en/index.php/onderzoeken/noodlanding-in-zee-gemaakt-2006137/|url-status=dead|title=Emergency landing in sea, AS322L2 Search and rescue helicopter, North…|date=22 February 2013|archive-date=22 February 2013}}</ref>
* 1 April 2009 – A Bond Offshore Helicopters AS332L2 with 16 people on board [[April 2009 North Sea helicopter crash|crashed into the North Sea]] {{convert|13|mi|km}} off [[Crimond]] on the Aberdeenshire coast; there were no survivors.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/north_east/7994779.stm "Call for grounding of helicopters."] BBC News, 11 April 2009.</ref> The [[Air Accidents Investigation Branch|AAIB]]'s initial report found that the crash was caused by a "catastrophic failure" in the aircraft's main rotor [[gearbox]] [[epicyclic]] module.<ref>[http://www.aaib.gov.uk/latest_news/super_puma_accident___1_april_2009___initial_report.cfm "Initial Report – Super Puma accident"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413154601/http://www.aaib.gov.uk/latest_news/super_puma_accident___1_april_2009___initial_report.cfm |date=13 April 2009 }} London: Air Accidents Investigation Branch, 10 April 2009.</ref>
* 11 November 2011 – XC-UHP AS332-L Super Puma of Mexico's [[General Coordination of the Presidential Air Transport Unit]] crashed in the [[Amecameca]] [[Amecameca Region|region]] south of [[Mexico City]]. Mexico's Secretary of the Interior [[Francisco Blake Mora]] died in this accident along with seven other crew and passengers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://noticierostelevisa.esmas.com/nacional/363827/muere-blake-mora-desplome-helicoptero|title=Muere Blake Mora en desplome de helicóptero|date=11 November 2011|publisher=Noticieros Televisa}}</ref>
* 21 March 2013 – During a readiness exercise, a German Federal Police (Bundespolizei) [[Eurocopter EC155]] collided with a Super Puma on the ground while landing in [[Whiteout (weather)|whiteout conditions]] next to the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, Germany, destroying both aircraft, killing one of the pilots, and injuring numerous bystanders. The whiteout was caused by snow on the ground being stirred up by the helicopter downdraft.<ref>[http://www.morgenpost.de/berlin-aktuell/article114648091/Wie-es-zu-dem-toedlichen-Hubschrauber-Absturz-in-Berlin-kam.html "Wie es zu dem tödlichen Hubschrauber-Absturz kam."] ''Berliner Morgenpost'', 21 March 2013.</ref>
* 23 August 2013 – A Super Puma L2 helicopter [[2013 CHC Helicopters Eurocopter AS332 crash|G-WNSB]] experienced a (so far unexplained) loss of air speed on a low approach and ditched into the North Sea {{convert|2|mi}} west of Sumburgh Airport around 18:20 BST. The aircraft experienced a hard impact and overturned shortly after hitting the water. However, its armed flotation system deployed and the aircraft stayed afloat. Four passengers were killed, while both crew and a further 12 passengers were rescued, most with injuries. To date, the AAIB stated it was not caused by mechanical failure. A court has ordered the CV/FDR be released to the UK CAA for analysis on behalf of the Crown Office.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/24/north-sea-helicopter-crash|title=Shetland helicopter crash: four people confirmed dead by police |work=The Guardian|date=23 August 2013}}</ref><ref>[http://news.stv.tv/north/239359-super-puma-helicopter-stays-overnight-at-north-alwyn-platform/ "Super Puma stuck on platform overnight amid safety fears"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040325/http://news.stv.tv/north/239359-super-puma-helicopter-stays-overnight-at-north-alwyn-platform/ |date=4 March 2016 }} ''STV news'', 13 September 2013.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aerossurance.com/news/court-orders-release-cvfdr/|title=Scottish Court Orders Release of Sumburgh Helicopter CVFDR|date=21 June 2015}}</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-24586824 "Pilots 'failed to spot reduced air speed'"]. BBC News, 18 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.</ref>
* 28 September 2016 - Saint Gothard Pass region, Switzerland, A Swiss Air Force Super Puma struck a landline {{convert|50|m}} after taking off, both pilots were killed and the loadmaster sustained undisclosed injuries but survived. The helicopter was a total loss as it burned out completely. After a lengthy investigation the pilots were found to not have been at fault.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-swiss-crash-groundings-idUSKCN11Y1PO |title = Swiss air force grounds Super Puma copters after fatal crash |publisher = [[Reuters]] |date = 28 September 2016}}</ref>
<!-- The April 2016 LN-OJF crash is of a different helicopter type, do not add it here -->

==Specifications (AS332 L1)==
[[File:Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma Line Drawing.svg|thumb]]

{{Aircraft specs
|ref= ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94''<ref name="Janes 93 p148-9">Lambert 1993, pp. 148–149.</ref>
|prime units?= met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew= 2
|capacity= 24 passengers plus attendant / {{cvt|4490|kg|0}}
|length m= 16.79
|length note= fuselage
::::{{cvt|18.7|m|0}} rotor turning
|height m= 4.97
|height note=
|empty weight kg= 4,660
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg= 9,150
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number= 2
|eng1 name= [[Turbomeca Makila|Turbomeca Makila 1A2]]
|eng1 type=[[turboshaft]]
|eng1 kw= 1,376
|eng1 note=

|rot number= 1
|rot dia m= 16.2
|rot area sqm= 206.12
|rot area note=<br/>
* '''Blade section:''' '''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 13112]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 13106]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1 = Lednicer |first1 = David |title = The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url = https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website = m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date = 16 April 2019}}</ref>
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=
|max speed note=
|cruise speed kmh= 277
|cruise speed note= max,
::::{{cvt|247|km/h|mph kn}} econ.
|never exceed speed kmh= 327
|never exceed speed note=
|range km= 851
|range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m= 5,180
|ceiling sigfig=2
|ceiling note=
|climb rate ms= 7.4
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|power/mass=
|more performance=

|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Aviation}}
{{Aircontent
|related=
* [[Aérospatiale Puma]]
* [[IAR 330]]
* [[Eurocopter AS 532]]
* [[Eurocopter EC225]]
* [[KAI Surion]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[Sikorsky S-92]]
* [[Mil Mi-38]]
* [[Mil Mi-17]]
|lists=
* [[List of rotorcraft]]
|see also=
}}

==References==
{{reflist|group=note}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist|2}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* Charbonneau, Bruno. ''France and the New Imperialism: Security Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa''. Ashgate Publishing, 2008. {{ISBN|0-75469-078-4}}.
* Chipman, John. ''French Military Policy and African Security'', Routledge, 1985. {{ISBN|1-13470-553-0}}.
* Endres, Günter G. and Michael J. Gething. ''Jane's Aircraft Recognition Guide''. HarperCollins UK, 2005. {{ISBN|0-00718-332-1}}.
* Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". ''[[Flight International]]'', Vol. 182, No. 5370, 11–17 December 2012. pp.&nbsp;40–64. {{ISSN|0015-3710}}.
* Hunter, Shireen. ''Iran's Foreign Policy in the Post-soviet Era: Resisting the New International Order''. ABC-CLIO, 2010. {{ISBN|0-31338-194-1}}.
* Jackson, Paul. "Super Puma". ''[[Air International]]'', January 1984, Vol. 26 No. 1. {{ISSN|0306-5634}}. pp.&nbsp;7–12, 33–35.
* Lake, Jon. "Variant File: Super Puma and Cougar: AS 332, AS 532 and EC 725". ''International Air Power Journal'', Volume 3, Winter 2001/2002. Norwalk, Ct, USA:AIRtime Publishing, 2002. {{ISSN|1473-9917}}, {{ISBN|1-880588-36-6}}. pp.&nbsp;80–93.
* Lambert, Mark. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1979/1979%20-%202952.html "Super Puma: Cat with More Muscle."] ''Flight International'', 11 August 1979. pp.&nbsp;437–439.
* Lambert, Mark (editor). ''Janes's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94''. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Data Division, 1993. {{ISBN|0-7106-1066-1}}.
* McGowen, Stanley S. ''Helicopters: An Illustrated History Of Their Impact''. ABC-CLIO, 2005. {{ISBN|1-85109-468-7}}.
* Ripley, Tim. ''Conflict in the Balkans 1991–2000''. Osprey Publishing, 2010. {{ISBN|1-84176-290-3}}.
* Scharenborg, Martin. "Fighting the fires". ''Air International'', Vol. 103 No. 2, September 2022. pp.&nbsp;68–72. {{ISSN|0306-5634}}.
{{Refend}}

==External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/en/ref/H215_299.html Airbus's official website for H215]

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