View source for Euclid University

{{Short description|Intergovernmental organization based in Africa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox country
|name                        = EUCLID<br /> (Euclid University, Pôle Universitaire Euclide)
|symbol_type                 = Logo
|image_symbol                = Seal-EUCLID.gif|symbol_width=180px
|admin_center_type           = Headquarters
|admin_center                = [[Gambia]] (2013-current) and [[Central African Republic]] (2011-current) and Belgium (temporary until 2011)
|membership                  = 12 Participating States
|languages_type              = Working languages
|languages                   = [[English language|English]]<br />[[French language|French]]
|leader_title1               = Secretary-General
|leader_name1                = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Trinidad and Tobago}} [[Winston Dookeran]]}}
|leader_title2               = Deputy-Secretary-General
|leader_name2                = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} Robin van Puyenbroeck}}
|leader_title3               = Oversight Council Chair
|leader_name3                = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|United States}} [[Laurent Cleenewerck]]}}
|leader_title4               = High Steward (Historic)
|leader_name4                = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Central African Republic}} President [[Faustin-Archange Touadéra]]}}
|leader_title5               = Founding Executive President (First Secretary-General)
|leader_name5                = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Pakistan}} Syed Zahid Ali}}
|established_event1          = Entry into force of Open Memorandum of Understanding I-49006
|established_date1           = 2008
|official_website            = {{URL|http://www.euclid.int/}}
}}

'''EUCLID''', also called '''''Pôle Universitaire Euclide''''' or '''Euclid University''', is an international [[intergovernmental organization]] with a university charter established in 2008. It has official headquarters in [[The Gambia]] and in the [[Central African Republic]], but also maintains an executive office in [[Washington, D.C.]] Its primary mandate is to train officials for its participating states, but its programs are also offered to the general public. The institution's current secretary-general is [[Winston Dookeran]].

== History ==
EUCLID's origins are connected with the creation of a group of universities called "Euclid Consortium" by the [[University of Bangui]] and the [[University of N'Djamena]] in 2006. The project was administered by the [[International Organization for Sustainable Development]], an international [[non-governmental organization]] headed by [[Syed Zahid Ali]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://acuns.org/euclid-university/ |title= ACUNS Euclid University |work= Academic Council of the United Nations System |date= March 2014 |access-date= 4 April 2014 |archive-date= 7 April 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407192445/http://acuns.org/euclid-university/ |url-status= dead }}</ref>
First conceived as an international extension for the University of Bangui, "Euclid" was redefined and constituted and a distinct institution in 2008 by an intergovernmental convention. The same year, the rector of the University of Bangui, [[Faustin-Archange Touadera]] was appointed as prime minister, and signed the convention formalizing his country's participation in EUCLID in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.pmcar.org/euclide.asp |title= EUCLIDE et la République Centrafricaine |work= Permanent Mission of the Central African Republic |date= October 2012 |access-date= 17 August 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130707030220/http://www.pmcar.org/euclide.asp |archive-date= 7 July 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
In January 2008, Syed Zahid Ali, acting as Secretary-General of [[IOSD]], presented to various government representative attending a conference of the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry a new legal framework called EUCLID Phase 2.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://icciabin.org/second-bwf/ |title=Second BWF &#124; Iccibian |access-date=23 February 2015 |archive-date=24 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224040938/http://icciabin.org/second-bwf/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.iosd.org/news.asp |title= News for January 2008 |work= International Organization for Sustainable Development |date= January 2008 |access-date= 28 July 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080704172927/http://www.iosd.org/news.asp |archive-date= 4 July 2008 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Soon after, several governments interested in using the Euclid programs to train their own staff approved the statutes of the new international university which entered into force in April 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://issuu.com/oic-journal/docs/journal_issue18_english |title= Intergovernmental body and ICCI partner fosters inter-religious dialogue and Islamic cooperation |work= Organization of Islamic Cooperation |date= August 2011}}</ref>

== Treaty information and legal status ==

=== United Nations treaty publication ===
According to the United Nations Treaty Series records, the EUCLID Open Memorandum of Understanding is classified as a "multilateral treaty" and entered into force in April 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/showDetails.aspx?objid=08000002802f011f|title=UNTC|publisher=United Nations}}</ref> The "Updated Framework Agreement" entered into force in September 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/showDetails.aspx?objid=08000002802f0032|title=UNTC|publisher=United Nations}}</ref>
The agreements signed by the Gambia were registered by the Permanent Mission of the Gambia to the United Nations in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euclid.int/documents/Note%20Verbale%20to%20UNTS%20by%20Gambia%20October%202013.pdf |title= Note Verbale 247/2013 of the Permanent Mission of The Gambia to the United Nations |publisher= Permanent Mission of the Gambia to the United Nations |date=29 October 2013 |access-date=2014-04-01}}</ref>

===Participating states===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#ececec;"
! Country
! Joined
! Signatory name
! Signatory position
! Comment
|-
| {{VIN}}
| 2008
| [[Girlyn Miguel]]
| Minister of Education
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{SLE}}, Republic of
| 2008
| [[Zainab Bangura]]
| Minister of Foreign Affairs
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{ERI}}, State of
| 2008
| [[Osman Saleh]]
| Minister of Foreign Affairs
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{UGA}}, Republic of
| 2008
| [[Sam Kutesa]]
| Minister of Foreign Affairs
| No treaty registration
|-
| {{VAN}}, Republic of
| 2008
| [[Bakoa Kaltongga]]
| Minister of Foreign Affairs
| No treaty registration
|-
| {{SEN}}, Republic of
| 2009
| [[Abdoulaye Faye]]
| Minister to the President
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{BEN}}, Republic of
| 2009
| Paulin Djakpo
| Director of Cabinet of the Minister of Foreign Affairs
| No treaty registration
|-
| {{COM}}, Union of
| 2009
| [[Mohamed Toihiri]]
| Permanent Representative to United Nations
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{BDI}}, Republic of
| 2010
| [[Augustin Nsanze]]
| Minister of Foreign Affairs
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{CAF}}
| 2010
| [[Faustin Touadera]]
| Prime Minister
| With treaty registration, only signed 49007
|-
| {{TLS}}, Democratic Republic of
| 2011
| [[Joao Cancio Freitas]]
| Minister of Education
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{GAM}}, Republic of the
| 2012
| [[Mamadou Tangara]]
| Minister of Education
| With treaty registration
|-
| {{DJI}}, Republic of
| 2024
| [[Mohamed Siad Doualeh]]
| Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York
| Pending treaty registration
|}

=== Headquarters ===
[[File:Signature of EUCLID headquarters agreement (Gambia, 2013).jpg|thumb|right|Euclid headquarters agreement signing]]
The initial 2008 agreement indicated that "The operational offices of EUCLID are allowed to remain in Brussels, Belgium and may be relocated or extended elsewhere upon recommendation of the Governing Board or by resolution of the Oversight Council" (Statutes II.3).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/No%20Volume/49006/Part/I-49006-08000002802f011f.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-02-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224040000/https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/No%20Volume/49006/Part/I-49006-08000002802f011f.pdf |archive-date=24 February 2015 }}</ref>
In 2011, EUCLID signed a first headquarters agreement with the Central African Republic and obtained office space in the prime minister's building and on the campus of the University of Bangui.<ref>[http://www.euclid.int/documents/hq-en.pdf HQ Agreement]</ref> In 2013, owing to instability affecting Bangui and the Central African Republic, EUCLID signed a new headquarters agreement with the Republic of The Gambia, and leases offices in the Brusubi area of Banjul.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unesco.gm/euclid-university-headquarters/ |title=EUCLID (Euclid University) - UNESCO : The Gambia National Commission : UNESCO : The Gambia National Commission |access-date=2015-01-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214121252/http://www.unesco.gm/euclid-university-headquarters/ |archive-date=14 February 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/euclid-to-transfer-headquarters-to-gambia |title=EUCLID to transfer headquarters to Gambia |author=Amadou Jallow |date=28 June 2013 |publisher=Gambia Daily Observer |access-date=19 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917033926/http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/euclid-to-transfer-headquarters-to-gambia |archive-date=17 September 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Following the return of stability in the Central African Republic and the election of EUCLID's founding father and high steward [[Faustin-Archange Touadéra]] as president of the country in 2016, EUCLID signed an office sharing agreement with the National School of Administration and Magistracy (ENAM).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://academicimpact.un.org/content/failed-governance-building-new-future-case-central-african-republic|title=From failed governance to building a new future: the case of the Central African Republic|date=20 October 2017|website=academicimpact.un.org|access-date=31 October 2017|archive-date=2 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102140344/https://academicimpact.un.org/content/failed-governance-building-new-future-case-central-african-republic|url-status=dead}}</ref> As of 2017, EUCLID maintains both headquarters locations and is registered in the [[UNESCO]] [[IAU]] World Higher Education Database under Central African Republic rather than Gambia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whed.net/home.php|title=World Higher Education Database (WHED) Portal|website=whed.net}}</ref>
[[File:Photo Gambia HQ 2023.jpg|thumb|EUCLID Gambia Headquarters in 2023]]

=== Treaty-related domain and intellectual property rights===
[[File:Flag-EUCLID.png|right|150px|thumb|EUCLID flag as registered with WIPO]]
According to its constitutive text, EUCLID is defined as having an [[international legal personality]], and it was granted a [[.int]] domain name under [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]] regulations.<ref>{{citation |url= https://www.iana.org/domains/int/policy/ |title= IANA – .INT Policy & Procedures |author=IANA |date=1 June 2008 |publisher=IANA }}</ref> As an "international intergovernmental organization", the institution also enjoys intellectual property protection under [[Article 6ter]] of the [[Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]] which is administered by the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]].<ref>{{citation |url= https://www.wipo.int/en/web/article-6ter |title= Article 6ter of the Paris Convention |author=WIPO |date=June 2025 |publisher=WIPO }}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/ff/2010/2913.pdf |title=Exécution de la loi fédérale du 15 décembre 1961 concernant la protection des noms et emblèmes de l'Organisation des Nations Unies et d'autres organisations intergouvernementales |author=Institut Fédéral de la Propriété Intellectuelle |date=19 May 2010 |publisher=The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation }}</ref>

==Schools and academic programs==
EUCLID is organized in six academic units or schools:

School of Diplomacy and International Affairs

* [[H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr.|H. Tristram Engelhardt]] School of Global Health and Bioethics
* School of Theology and Interfaith Studies
* School of Global Economics and Development
* School of Education, Language and Interpretation

EUCLID offers graduate programs in:
* International Law and Treaty Law
* Mediation and Conflict Resolution
* Sustainable Development
* Islamic Banking and Finance
* Interreligious Dialogue
* Climate and Energy Studies
* International Public Health
* Bioethics
*International Organizations
*Energy Studies
*Comparative Christian Theology
*Diplomacy and International Affairs
*Eastern and Greek Orthodox Theology
*Global Economics and Development
*Interfaith Dialogue and Diplomacy
*Renewable Energy Studies
*Instructional Design and Open Learning
*Catholic Studies
*Sustainable Development and Diplomacy
*Terrorism Studies and De-Radicalization

[[File:EUCLID Eritrea LOT3 graduation ceremony (Eritrea, 2012).jpg|thumb|right|Eritrea LOT3 graduation ceremony 2012]]

=== Joint degree programs ===
EUCLID signed in 2015 a joint degree program agreement with [[CAFRAD]], an intergovernmental organization dedicated to public administration in Africa, serving 36 member states.<ref>http://www.cafrad.org/index.php/en/training/formation/46 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> A similar joint degree program agreement was signed the COMESA Leather Product Institute.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.comesa-llpi.int/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=293:euclid-university&catid=79:euclid&Itemid=101 |title=COMESA-Leather and Leather Products Institute - Euclid University |access-date=5 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224115935/http://comesa-llpi.int/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=293:euclid-university&catid=79:euclid&Itemid=101 |archive-date=24 February 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> These agreements regulate the following programs:
* MBA in Islamic Finance
* MBA in Leather Commerce and Industry
* Master's in International Public Administration

=== Special programs ===
EUCLID was also involved in delivering distance-learning programs to civil servants in cooperation with the Ministry of Education of Eritrea between 2008 and 2012.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/10620-58-civil-servants-obtain-bachelors-and-masters-degrees-on-the-basis-of-distance-learning |title=58 civil servants obtain bachelors and masters degrees on the basis of distance learning |author=Shabait |date=1 July 2012 |publisher=WIPO |access-date=17 August 2012 |archive-date=19 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819002607/http://www.shabait.com/news/local-news/10620-58-civil-servants-obtain-bachelors-and-masters-degrees-on-the-basis-of-distance-learning |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{citation |url= http://www.euclid.int/lot3.asp |title= The LOT3 Project in Eritrea |author=Shabait |date=1 July 2012 |publisher=EUCLID }}</ref>
{{Further|International Institute for Inter-Religious Dialogue and Diplomacy}}

==Organizational structure==
EUCLID's structure is spelled out in the statutes considered as an annex to the published treaties. Its administrative organs are:
* A governing board
* A board of advisors
* An executive board
* An oversight council.

===Secretaries-general and high stewards===
* [[Winston Dookeran]] (Secretary-General, 2020–present) (former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Trinidad and Tobago)
* [[Syed Zahid Ali]] (Secretary-General, 2008–2020)
* [[Juan Avila]], (Ambassador, Permanent Mission of the Dominican Republic to the United Nations), High Steward since 2015
* [[Faustin-Archange Touadéra]] (President of the Central African Republic), High Steward since 2014

=== Former high stewards ===
* [[Banny deBrum]], (High Steward, 2009–2011) Ambassador of the Republic of the [[Marshall Islands]] to the United States (2008-2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allgov.com/news?news=842351|title=Ambassador from Marshall Islands: Who is Banny deBrum?|website=AllGov}}</ref>
* [[Mohamed Toihiri]], (High Steward, 2011–2012) Ambassador of the Union of the [[Comoros]] to the United States (2011-current)
* [[Hermenegilde Niyonzima]], (Institutional High Steward, 2012–present) Ambassador of the Republic of [[Burundi]] to the United Nations (2012-2014)
* [[Roubani Kaambi]], (Diplomatic High Steward, 2012–2014) Ambassador of the Union of the [[Comoros]] to the United States and United Nations (2012-current)

===Affiliated institutes===
The EUCLID statutes mentions several "affiliated institutes":  
* [[International Organization for Sustainable Development]] (IOSD)
* EUROSTATE University Institute, now Euler-Franeker Memorial University Institute
* International Institute for Inter-Religious Dialogue and Diplomacy
* Center for Ecological Desertification and Reforestation.

==Cooperation with other intergovernmental bodies==
EUCLID has signed agreements with or is a member of:
* [[Islamic Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture]] ([[Islamic Chamber of Commerce, Industry, and Agriculture|ICCIA]]),<ref>{{cite web|url= http://issuu.com/oic-journal/docs/journal_issue18_english |title= OIC Journal Issue 18 English |date= 20 September 2011 |publisher=ICCI |access-date=2013-10-19}}</ref> an affiliated institution of the [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
* [[Economic Community of West African States]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euclid.int/ecowas.asp|title=EUCLID ECOWAS Partnership and Scholarships|website=euclid.int}}</ref>
* African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development (CAFRAD)<ref>[http://www.euclid.int/documents/cafrad.pdf Memorandum of Understanding]</ref>
* [[Islamic Development Bank]] (IsDB)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idb-bpcompetition.com/?q=node/28 |title= Sponsors & Partners &#124; Idb|website=idb-bpcompetition.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407080039/http://www.idb-bpcompetition.com/?q=node%2F28 |archive-date=7 April 2014}}</ref>
* [[Africa Leather and Leather Products Institute]] (ALLPI)<ref>[http://www.euclid.int/documents/MoU-EUCLID-University-COMESA-LLPI.pdf Memorandum of Understanding]</ref>
* [[International Anti-Corruption Academy]] (IACA)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parties & Signatories|url=https://www.iaca.int/who-we-are/constituency-menu/parties-and-signatories.html|access-date=2021-07-27|website=iaca.int|date=17 April 2018 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
EUCLID was approved as an intergovernmental observed in the [[UNFCCC Climate Conference]] starting with COP28 in Dubai.<ref>https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cp2023_03_adv.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref>

==Institutional memberships==
* [[Academic Council on the United Nations Systems]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://acuns.org/category/members-partners/institutional-members/|title=Category: Institutional Members|website=ACUNS|access-date=17 January 2021|archive-date=18 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118230114/https://acuns.org/category/members-partners/institutional-members/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Association of African Universities]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aau.org/membership |title=Association of Africa Universities |publisher=Aau.org |access-date=2013-10-19}}</ref>
* [[Association of Universities of Asia and the Pacific]] (AUAP)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://auap.net/en/page/60/auap-directory|title=AUAP Directory|website=Association of Universities of Asia and the Pacific &#124; AUAP}}</ref>
* [[International Anti-Corruption Academy]] (IACA)<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.iaca.int/medias/news/1187-euclid-university-joins-iaca.html |title=EUCLID University Joins IACA |date=19 June 2019 |publisher=International Anti-Corruption Academy |access-date=10 July 2019 |archive-date=10 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710175439/https://www.iaca.int/medias/news/1187-euclid-university-joins-iaca.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[United Nations Academic Impact]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://academicimpact.org/currentmemberlist.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=17 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227061847/http://academicimpact.org/currentmemberlist.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* GUNI (Global University Network for Innovation)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guninetwork.org/guni.network/institutional-members-news/eight-entities-ratified-as-new-guni-members-during-the-executive-committee-meeting-held-in-february |title=Eight entities ratified as new GUNi Members during the Executive Committee Meeting, held in February – Global University Network for Innovation |publisher=Guninetwork.org |access-date=2013-10-19}}</ref>
* [[United Nations Global Compact]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unglobalcompact.org/ParticipantsAndStakeholders/academic_participation.html |title=Academic Participants |publisher=Unglobalcompact.org |access-date=2013-10-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020133418/http://www.unglobalcompact.org/ParticipantsAndStakeholders/academic_participation.html |archive-date=20 October 2013 }}</ref>
* [[PRME]] – United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unprme.org/participants/view-participants.php?partid=3196 |title=PRME - Participants - Signatories - |access-date=5 January 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093036/http://www.unprme.org/participants/view-participants.php?partid=3196 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[GRLI]] – Globally Responsible Leadership Initiative<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://grli.org/network/euclid-university/|title=EUCLID University &#124; The GRLI}}</ref>

In his personal capacity, the EUCLID secretary general is a member of the [[International Association of University Presidents]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iaup.org/membership/member-list |title=Member List |access-date=2014-04-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404115155/http://iaup.org/membership/member-list |archive-date=4 April 2014 }}</ref>

==UN Interfaith Harmony Week prize==
In 2016, EUCLID coordinated a series of events for the United Nations [[World Interfaith Harmony Week]] and was awarded first prize by the jury, with a gold medal to be presented to the EUCLID delegation in April 2016 by [[King Abdullah II of Jordan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldinterfaithharmonyweek.com/h-m-king-abdullah-ii-of-jordan-prize-for-wihw-2016/|title=HM King Abdullah II of Jordan Prize for WIHW 2016}}</ref>

==Accreditation and recognition==

===Central African Republic as headquarters state===
EUCLID signed its initial headquarters agreement with the Central African Republic in 2011 which was updated with an additional protocol in 2018. The Permanent Delegation to UNESCO posted in 2016 its filing which includes EUCLID as "recognized / accredited".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rca-unesco.org/documents/ |title=Documents - la RCA à l'UNESCO |access-date=31 October 2017 |archive-date=7 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107055453/http://www.rca-unesco.org/documents/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> EUCLID is accredited by the Ministry of Higher Education of Central African Republic as its historic headquarters state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euclid.int/accreditation.asp|title=EUCLID University Accreditation and Recognition|website=euclid.int}}</ref>

===Gambia as headquarters state===
The National UNESCO Commission of Gambia posted in 2014 its "UNESCO Portal to Recognized Higher Education Institutions" documents which now include EUCLID (Euclid University) as "recognized / accredited".<ref>{{citation |url= http://www.unesco.gm/unesco-portal-documents/ |title= UNESCO Portal Documents |author= The Gambia National Commission for UNESCO |date= June 2013 |publisher= The Gambia National Commission for UNESCO |access-date= 5 August 2016 |archive-date= 19 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160719221714/http://www.unesco.gm/unesco-portal-documents/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> EUCLID holds institutional accreditation from the country's National Accreditation and Quality Assurance Authority (NAQAA).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://naqaa.gm/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>

===UN statement ===
The Permanent Mission of the Central African Republic to the United Nations wrote to the UN Secretariat in October 2012 to complain that the world's five international universities were not included in the UN Inspira database. In December 2012, the United Nations replied that "both IAU/UNESCO and the UN Secretariat recognize Euclide- Pole Universitaire Euclide and the other four UN institutions ... as being accredited" in spite of not being included in Inspira. The UN also indicated that these institutions which are "regional or global in nature" would be included under their headquarters states in future editions of the IAU WHED database used by the United Nations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euclid.int/documents/Reply%20from%20UN%20regarding%20WHED%20database.pdf|author=Martha Helena Lopez, United Nations, Director, Strategic Planning and Staffing Division |title=Reply to letter with reference 0218/RCA/MP/ONU-12 |date=10 December 2012 |publisher=Permanent Mission of the Central African Republic to the United Nations official website }}</ref> The transfer was completed in September 2017.

=== Other participating states and Africa ===
The 2008 intergovernmental agreement states in its Article I that "EUCLID is chartered to confer diplomas, degrees and completion certificates accredited by the ministries of Education of the Participating Parties."<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.euclid.int/documents/openmou.pdf |title= Open Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Participating EUCLID Parties regarding their Participation in the Educational Framework defined herein |work= EUCLID |date= March 2008 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Gambia<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.euclid.int/documents/gambia.pdf |title= EUCLID Instrument of Participation and Approval Government of The Gambia|work= EUCLID |date= July 2012}}</ref> and Timor-Leste<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.euclid.int/documents/timorleste.pdf |title= EUCLID Instrument of Participation and Approval Government of Timor-Leste|work= EUCLID |date= May 2011}}</ref> indicate that the degrees issued by EUCLID upon completion of the required coursework will be legally valid for use in the country by the graduates.
According to the Permanent Mission of the Central African Republic to the United Nations, the UNESCO Regional Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Certificates, Diplomas, Degrees and other Academic Qualifications in Higher Education in the African States applies to EUCLID with effect in the 22 ratifying States.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.pmcar.org/euclide.asp |title= EUCLIDE ("Euclid University") et la RCA |work= Permanent Mission Central African Republic |date= July 2012 |access-date= 17 August 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130707030220/http://www.pmcar.org/euclide.asp |archive-date= 7 July 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22134%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |title=UNESCO {{!}} Education – Regional Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Certificates, Diplomas, Degrees and other Academic Qualifications in Higher Education |access-date=31 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100226070655/http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22134%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |archive-date=26 February 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
EUCLID is since June 2012 a member of the [[Association of African Universities]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euclid.int/news.asp|title=EUCLID News and Events|website=euclid.int}}</ref> which requires its members to be accredited.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aau.org/page/introduction |title=Introduction &#124; Association of African Universities |access-date=4 April 2014 |archive-date=4 April 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140404182929/http://www.aau.org/page/introduction |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== United States ===
EUCLID is not a US-based university and it not accredited by an organization recognized by the [[U.S. Department of Education]] or [[Council on Higher Education Accreditation]], but maintains an address in Washington, DC "exclusively used for appointments and meetings either with or by government-sponsored and government affiliated staff".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.euclid.int/dcoffice/|title=EUCLID University Washington DC office|website=euclid.int}}</ref>
The letters sent in 2012 by the governments of Burundi, Central African Republic and Comoros to the US Department of State describe the institution as being "duly chartered to confer degrees by its Participating States and enjoys full academic accreditation according to its constitutive mandate under international law (Article I)."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pmcar.org/docs/LettreJointe.pdf |title=Re: Transmission of Documents Regarding Euclide and Graduates |access-date=11 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020122659/http://www.pmcar.org/docs/LettreJointe.pdf |archive-date=20 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Between 2008 and 2010, the state of Maine formerly listed "Euclid University" as an unaccredited institution. Maine removed the school from its list after receiving correspondence from EUCLID.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euclid.int/documents/mainetosza.pdf |title=Copy of Official Email Communication, State of Maine|author=Wanda Monthey |date=28 July 2010 |publisher=EUCLID University website}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maine.gov/education/highered/Non-Accredited/ea-gu.htm |title=Maine DOE – Higher Education |publisher=Maine.gov |access-date=2013-10-19 |archive-date=27 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527105351/http://www.maine.gov/education/highered/Non-Accredited/ea-gu.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Michigan published until 2012 a list of non-CHEA recognized universities whose graduates could not use their degree for public service employment, a list that included both "Euclid University" and the "United Nations University". Following an exchange of letters with EUCLID, Michigan ceased maintaining a list of institutions lacking CHEA recognition, but advises that EUCLID graduates and all graduates from non-CHEA recognized universities applying for jobs with the State of Michigan must demonstrate that their degrees are equivalent to studies at a similar school accredited by a CHEA-recognized accrediting body.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euclid.int/documents/michigantosza.pdf |author=John Gnodtke, General Counsel of Michigan Civil Service Commission |title=Re: Transmission of Legal Document by email and fax |date=26 February 2012 |publisher=EUCLID University website }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Non-accreditedSchools_78090_7.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-11-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628214640/http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Non-accreditedSchools_78090_7.pdf |archive-date=28 June 2011 }}</ref>
In December 2013, following a correspondence with EUCLID's legal counsel and two ambassadors to the United States, Oregon's attorney general's office wrote that the [[Oregon Office of Degree Authorization]] (ODA) had stopped maintaining and publishing its list of unrecognized universities. Regarding "Euclid University", the ODA had since 2008 posted the notice: "ODA is currently evaluating the present legal status of this entity."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oregonstudentaid.gov/oda-degree-authorization-academic-unauthorized-Invalid.aspx |title=Unauthorized Schools and Invalid Degrees &#124; Office of Degree Authorization &#124; Oregon Student Access Commission |access-date=2013-02-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719181100/http://www.oregonstudentaid.gov/oda-degree-authorization-academic-unauthorized-Invalid.aspx |archive-date=19 July 2013 }}</ref> The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board removed "Euclid University" from its list of "list of Institutions Whose Degrees are Illegal to Use in Texas" in October 2018.<ref>{{cite web|author=EUCLID |url=http://www.euclid.int/legalaffairs.asp |title=EUCLID Legal Affairs and Enforcement |publisher=Euclid.int |access-date=2013-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=TBECB |url=http://www.thecb.state.tx.us/index.cfm?objectid=3D2801D0-1C9F-11E8-BC500050560100A9 |title=THECB Resources |publisher=THECB |access-date=2018-10-30 |archive-date=1 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101015350/http://www.thecb.state.tx.us/index.cfm?objectid=3D2801D0-1C9F-11E8-BC500050560100A9 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Notable alumni ==

* [[Diego Gómez Pickering]], author and former Mexican Ambassador to the United Kingdom 

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.euclid.int}}
* {{official|http://www.euclidtreaty.org|Official EUCLID treaty website}}

{{Association of African Universities}}

{{Coord|13.4065|-16.7271|display=t|type:edu_region:GM}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:EUCLID (Euclid University)}}
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty]]
[[Category:International organizations based in Africa]]
[[Category:Organisations based in the Gambia]]
[[Category:Organisations based in the Central African Republic]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges established in 2008]]
[[Category:International universities and colleges]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental universities]]
[[Category:Schools of international relations]]
[[Category:Universities in the Central African Republic]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Africa]]
[[Category:Bilingual schools]]