View source for Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie

{{short description|French journalist, politician and member of the French Resistance}}{{Infobox person
| name               = Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie
| image              = Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie.jpg
| birth_date         = 6 January 1900
| birth_place        = [[Paris]], France
| death_date         = June 12 1969
| death_place        = Paris, France
| party              = [[Progressive Union (France)]]
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2014}}
'''Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie''' ({{IPA|fr|emanɥɛl dastje də la viʒʁi}}; 6 January 1900{{snd}}12 June 1969) was a French [[journalist]], [[politician]] and member of the [[French Resistance]].<ref name=OrdredelaLiberation>{{cite web |title=Emmanuel d'Astier de la Vigerie |url=http://www.ordredelaliberation.fr/fr_compagnon/36.html |website=Ordre de la Libération |access-date=6 March 2015 |date=3 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106090908/http://www.ordredelaliberation.fr/fr_compagnon/36.html |archive-date=6 January 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=FondationdelaResistance>{{cite web |title=Emmanuel D'ASTIER DE LA VIGERIE (mouvement "Libération-Sud") 1900–1969 |url=http://www.fondationresistance.org/pages/rech_doc/emmanuel-astier-vigerie_portrait9.htm |website=Fondation de la Résistance |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref>

==Biography==
Born in Paris, he attended the Naval Academy but resigned from the [[French Navy]] in 1923. He became a journalist and a poet and was involved with the [[Integralism|integralist]] and monarchist journal ''[[Action Française]]'', but turned towards the [[History of the Left in France|Left]] after the [[Spanish Civil War]] (1936–39).

When the Second World War broke out, d'Astier re-enlisted into the French Navy and became the head of [[naval intelligence]]. However, after the [[Battle of France|fall of France]] and the proclamation of [[Vichy France]], he was dismissed for his political dossier.

In [[Clermont-Ferrand]], d'Astier formed the [[French Resistance|Resistant group]] ''La Dernière Colonne'', later known as [[Libération-sud]], with [[Raymond Aubrac]], [[Lucie Aubrac]] and [[Jean Cavaillès]]. During 1941, the group carried out two sabotage attacks at train stations in [[Perpignan]] and [[Cannes]]. In February, they organised the distribution of 10,000 propaganda flyers, but one of the distributors was caught by the police, leading to the arrest of d'Astier's niece and uncle. The group decided to cease activities. After a few months' hiatus, they began to work on an underground newspaper, ''Libération''. The first edition was put together with the help of the typographers from a local newspaper and printed on paper supplied by local trade-unionists. 10,000 copies were produced in July 1941.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wieviorka |first=Olivier |title=Histoire de la Résistance 1940–1945 |year=2013 |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |page=loc 1262–1278 |edition=Kindle}}</ref>

In 1942 d'Astier met with [[Jean Moulin]] to discuss the unification of the Resistance and eventually joined forces into the ''[[Conseil National de la Résistance]]'' (CNR, National Council of Resistance). In 1943 he met [[Charles de Gaulle]] in [[Algiers]] and joined his [[Free French Forces]] [[government-in-exile]] as a Commissioner to the Interior.

While in London in 1943, he wrote the lyrics for the song "[[La Complainte du partisan]]" with [[Anna Marly]], who wrote the music. In English, it is known as "[[The Partisan]]" and was recorded by [[Leonard Cohen]], [[Joan Baez]], [[Buffy Saint Marie]] and many others.

After the Liberation, d'Astier became [[Minister of Interior (France)|Minister of Interior]] in the [[Provisional Government of the French Republic]] (GPRF). He continued to publish ''Libération'' and wrote books based on his experiences. He ran as an ally of the [[French Communist Party]] on the ''Union républicaine et résistante'' list in the [[November 1946 French legislative elections]], and won a seat in the [[French National Assembly|National Assembly]] for [[Ille-et-Vilaine]]. He was later among the founders of the [[Union progressiste]]. In 1958 he received the [[Lenin Peace Prize]]. D'Astier was one of the founders of the Stockholm Committee; he denounced the [[Soviet Union]] leadership under [[Nikita Khrushchev]] after the crushing of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Hungarian uprising]], and broke ties with communists.

His brother, [[Henri d'Astier de la Vigerie]], was from the far right, and, initially a member of the ''[[Action Française]]'', may even have been involved with the ''[[La Cagoule|Cagoule]]'' terrorist group. Ultimately, Henri d'Astier also took part in the [[Résistance]].

Emmanuel d'Astier died in Paris in 1969. His wife Liubov was the second spouse of French politician [[Gaston Bergery]] (divorced in 1928) and the daughter of Bolshevik [[Leonid Krasin]].<ref name=NYT11051967>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/05/11/archives/mrs-alliluyeva-rejected-france-as-new-home-paris-friend-says.html |title=Mrs. Alliluyeva Rejected France As New Home, Paris Friend Says |work=[[New York Times]] |date=11 May 1967 |access-date=8 July 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250708185313/https://www.nytimes.com/1967/05/11/archives/mrs-alliluyeva-rejected-france-as-new-home-paris-friend-says.html |archive-date=8 July 2025}}</ref> They had three sons Jean-François, Christophe and Jérôme. His niece Mrs. Bertrande Blancpain and her husband hosted [[Svetlana Alliluyeva]] in their home at [[Matran]] near [[Fribourg, Switzerland]], while Alliluyeva [[Soviet dissidents|defected]] from the Soviet Union to the United States in 1967.<ref name=NYT11051967/><ref>{{cite book |last=Гругман |first=Рафаэль (Grugman, Rafael) |author-link=Rafael Grugman |language=ru |url=https://coollib.in/b/560473-rafael-grugman-svetlana-allilueva-pyat-zhizney/read |title=Светлана Аллилуева Пять жизней |trans-title=Svetlana Alliluyeva Five Lives |publisher=ООО «Феникс» |location=[[Rostov-on-Don|Ростов н/Д]] |date=2012 |isbn=978-5-222-19440-9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708175358/https://coollib.in/b/560473-rafael-grugman-svetlana-allilueva-pyat-zhizney/read |archive-date=8 July 2025 }}</ref>

Family friend [[Joan Baez]] wrote and recorded a song, "Luba the Baroness", about learning of the death of the oldest son, Jean-François.

==References==
{{reflist}}
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{{French Resistance}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Astier de la Vigerie, Emmanuel d}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1969 deaths]]
[[Category:Lycée Condorcet alumni]]
[[Category:Politicians from Paris]]
[[Category:Writers from Paris]]
[[Category:French barons]]
[[Category:Union progressiste politicians]]
[[Category:French interior ministers]]
[[Category:Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945)]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1946)]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Members of Parliament for Ille-et-Vilaine]]
[[Category:French male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century French poets]]
[[Category:20th-century French journalists]]
[[Category:École Navale alumni]]
[[Category:French Navy personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Members of Liberation-Sud]]
[[Category:Companions of the Liberation]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Resistance Medal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Lenin Peace Prize]]