View source for Edvard Grieg

{{Short description|Norwegian composer and pianist (1843–1907)}}
{{redirect|Grieg}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Edvard Grieg
| image              = File:Edvard Grieg portrait (cropped).jpg
| caption            = Grieg in 1888
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1843|06|15|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Bergen]], Norway
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|1907|09|04|1843|06|15|df=y}}
| death_place        = Bergen, Norway
| occupation         = {{hlist|Composer|pianist}}
| works              = [[List of compositions by Edvard Grieg|List of compositions]]
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[Nina Grieg]]|1867}}
}}
'''Edvard Hagerup Grieg''' ({{IPAc-en|ɡ|r|iː|ɡ}} {{respell|GREEG}}, {{IPA|no|ˈɛdvaʁd ˈhɑ̀ːɡəʁʉp ˈɡʁɪgː|lang}}; 15 June 1843{{spaced ndash}}4 September 1907) was a Norwegian [[composer]] and [[pianist]]. He is widely considered one of the leading [[Romantic music|Romantic era]] composers, and his music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide. His use of [[Music of Norway|Norwegian folk music]] in his own compositions brought the music of Norway to fame, as well as helping to develop a [[Norwegian romantic nationalism|national identity]], much as [[Jean Sibelius]] did in [[Finland]] and [[Bedřich Smetana]] in [[Bohemia]].<ref name="isbn1-84383-210-0">{{cite book |author=Daniel M. Grimley |title=Grieg: Music, Landscape and Norwegian Identity |publisher=Boydell Press |location=Ipswich |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-84383-210-2 }}</ref>

Grieg is the most celebrated person from the city of [[Bergen]], with numerous statues that depict his image and many cultural entities named after him: the city's largest concert building ([[Grieg Hall]]), its most advanced music school ([[Grieg Academy]]) and its professional choir (Edvard Grieg Kor). The Edvard Grieg Museum at Grieg's former home, [[Troldhaugen]], is dedicated to his legacy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bergenbyarkiv.no/bergenbyleksikon/arkiv/1424944?s=Grieghallen|title=Grieghallen|publisher =Bergen byleksikon|access-date=1 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://kmd.uib.no/no/studier/griegakademiet-institutt-for-musikk |title = Griegakademiet |publisher = Universitetet i Bergen |access-date = 1 September 2017 |archive-date = 31 December 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191231023051/https://kmd.uib.no/no/studier/musikk |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url =http://griegmuseum.no/en |title =Edvard Grieg Museum Troldhaugen |publisher =KODE |access-date =1 September 2017 |archive-date =29 August 2017 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170829034035/http://www.griegmuseum.no/en |url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://en.edvardgriegkor.no/|title= About Edvard Grieg Kor|publisher= Edvard Grieg Kor|access-date= 1 September 2017|archive-date= 12 September 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170912055709/http://en.edvardgriegkor.no/|url-status= dead}}</ref>

==Background==
[[File:Ingebrigt Vik-Edvard Grieg-Bergen.jpg|thumb|Statue of Grieg by [[Ingebrigt Vik]] in Bergen]]
[[File:Eilif Peterssen-Edvard Grieg 1891.jpg|thumb|Edvard Grieg (1891), portrait by [[Eilif Peterssen]]]]
Edvard Hagerup Grieg was born in [[Bergen]], Norway. His parents were Alexander Grieg (1806–1875), a merchant and the British Vice-Consul in Bergen, and Gesine Judithe Hagerup (1814–1875), a music teacher and daughter of solicitor and politician [[Edvard Hagerup]].<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Edvard Grieg |first=Finn |last=Benestad|author-link=Finn Benestad |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |editor=Helle, Knut |editor-link=Knut Helle |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=https://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Edvard_Grieg/utdypning |language=no|access-date=10 September 2011}}</ref>{{sfn|Benestad|Schjelderup-Ebbe|1990|pp=25–28}} The family name, originally spelled [[Greig (name)|Greig]], is associated with the [[Scottish clans|Scottish]] [[Clan Gregor|Clann Ghriogair (Clan Gregor)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.greig.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=25&Itemid=28|title=The Origins of the Greig Family Name|website=greig.org|access-date=4 August 2019|archive-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817164253/http://www.greig.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=25&Itemid=28|url-status=dead}}</ref> Grieg's great-grandfather, Alexander Greig (1739–1803),<ref>{{cite Grove|last1=Horton|first1=John|last2=Grinde|first2=Nils|title=Grieg, Edvard (Hagerup)|id=11757|year=2001}}</ref> travelled widely before settling in Norway about 1770 and establishing business interests in Bergen. Grieg's paternal great-great-grandparents, John (1702–1774) and Anne (1704–1784),<ref>[https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/news/aberdeen-aberdeenshire/1753951/edvard-grieg-proudly-carried-fraserburgh-memento-with-him-throughout-his-life/ "Edvard Grieg proudly carried Fraserburgh memento with him throughout his life"], ''Press and Journal'', 23 May 2019</ref> are buried in the abandoned churchyard of the ruined Church of St Ethernan in [[Rathen, Aberdeenshire]], Scotland.<ref name="McKean137">{{cite book |last1=McKean |first1=Charles |title=Banff & Buchan: An Illustrated Architectural Guide |date=1990 |publisher=Mainstream Publications Ltd. |location= |isbn=185158-231-2 |page=137}}</ref>

Edvard Grieg was raised in a musical family. His mother was his first piano teacher and taught him to play when he was age six. He studied in several schools, including [[Tanks Upper Secondary School]].<ref>Robert Layton. ''Grieg''. (London: Omnibus Press, 1998)</ref>

In the summer of 1858, Grieg met the eminent Norwegian violinist [[Ole Bull]],<ref name="Benestad 1990 pp. 35">{{harvnb|Benestad|Schjelderup-Ebbe|1990|pp=35–36}}</ref> who was a family friend; Bull's brother was married to Grieg's aunt.{{sfn|Benestad|Schjelderup-Ebbe|1990|p=24}} Bull recognized the 15-year-old boy's talent and persuaded his parents to send him to the [[University of Music and Theatre Leipzig|Leipzig Conservatory]],<ref name="Benestad 1990 pp. 35"/> the piano department of which was directed by [[Ignaz Moscheles]].<ref>Jerome Roche and Henry Roche. [//www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/19185 "Moscheles, Ignaz"], Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, accessed 30 June 2014 {{subscription required}}</ref>

Grieg enrolled in the [[music school|conservatory]], concentrating on piano, and enjoyed the many concerts and recitals given in [[Leipzig]]. He disliked the discipline of the conservatory course of study. An exception was the [[organ (music)|organ]], which was mandatory for piano students. About his study in the conservatory, he wrote to his biographer, [[Hans Aimar Mow Grønvold|Aimar Grønvold]], in 1881: "I must admit, unlike [[Johan Svendsen|Svendsen]], that I left Leipzig Conservatory just as stupid as I entered it. Naturally, I did learn something there, but my individuality was still a closed book to me."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://greatcomposers.nifc.pl/en/grieg/catalogs/places/282_leipzig-conservatory|title=Edvard Grieg – Leipzig Conservatory|website=The Fryderyk Chopin Institute|access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref>

In the spring of 1860, he survived two life-threatening [[Respiratory disease|lung diseases]], [[pleurisy]] and [[tuberculosis]]. Throughout his life, Grieg's health was impaired by a destroyed left lung and considerable deformity of his thoracic spine. He suffered from numerous respiratory infections, and ultimately developed combined lung and heart failure. Grieg was admitted many times to spas and [[Sanatorium|sanatoria]] both in Norway and abroad. Several of his doctors became his friends.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Laerum | first1 = OD | date = Dec 1993 | title = Edvard Grieg's health and his physicians | journal = Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen | volume = 113 | issue = 30| pages = 3750–3753 | pmid = 8278965 }}</ref>

==Pianist==
In 1861, Grieg made his debut as a concert pianist in [[Karlshamn]], Sweden. In 1862, he finished his studies in Leipzig and had his first concert in his hometown,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://griegmuseum.no/en/about-grieg| title = Grieg Museum| access-date = 24 June 2018| archive-date = 17 April 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200417071541/http://griegmuseum.no/en/about-grieg| url-status = dead}}</ref> where his program included [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]'s ''[[Piano Sonata No. 8 (Beethoven)|Pathétique]]'' sonata.

[[File:Edvard en Nina Grieg 1899.jpg|right|thumb|Grieg and [[Nina Grieg|Nina Hagerup]] (Grieg's wife and first cousin) in 1899]]

In 1863, Grieg went to [[Copenhagen]], Denmark, and stayed there for three years. He met the Danish composers [[Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann|J. P. E. Hartmann]] and [[Niels Gade]]. He also met his fellow Norwegian composer [[Rikard Nordraak]] (composer of the [[Ja, vi elsker dette landet|Norwegian national anthem]]), who became a good friend and source of inspiration. Nordraak died in 1866, and Grieg composed [[Funeral March in Memory of Rikard Nordraak|a funeral march]] in his honor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://snl.no/Edvard_Grieg |title=Edvard Grieg|publisher=Store norske leksikon|author=Rune J. Andersen|access-date= 1 September 2017}}</ref>

==Marriage==
On 11 June 1867, Grieg married his first cousin, [[Nina Grieg|Nina Hagerup]] (1845–1935), a lyric soprano.

The following year, they had a daughter, Alexandra, who died in 1869 from [[meningitis]]. They had no more children.

==Composer==
In the summer of 1868, Grieg wrote his [[Piano Concerto (Grieg)|Piano Concerto in A minor]] while on holiday in Denmark. [[Edmund Neupert]] gave the concerto its premiere performance on 3 April 1869 at the Casino Theatre in Copenhagen. Grieg himself was unable to be there due to conducting commitments in [[Oslo|Christiania]] (now Oslo).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://nbl.snl.no/Nina_Grieg|title=Nina Grieg|publisher= Norsk biografisk leksikon|author=Inger Elisabeth Haavet|access-date= 1 September 2017}}</ref>

In 1868, [[Franz Liszt]], who had not yet met Grieg, wrote a testimonial for him to the Norwegian Ministry of Education, which resulted in Grieg's obtaining a travel grant. The two men met in Rome in 1870. During Grieg's first visit, they examined Grieg's [[Violin Sonata No. 1 (Grieg)|Violin Sonata No. 1]], which pleased Liszt greatly. On his second visit in April, Grieg brought with him the manuscript of his [[Piano Concerto (Grieg)|Piano Concerto]], which Liszt proceeded to sightread (including the orchestral arrangement). Liszt's rendition greatly impressed his audience, although Grieg said gently to him that he played the first movement too quickly. Liszt also gave Grieg some advice on [[orchestration]] (for example, to give the melody of the second theme in the first movement to a solo trumpet, which Grieg himself chose not to accept).<ref>{{cite web|last=Herresthal|first=Harald|url= http://www.mnc.net/norway/grieg.htm |title=Edvard Grieg|publisher=Norwegian State Academy of Music in Oslo|access-date=24 March 2026|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20051214011056/http://www.mnc.net/norway/GRIEG.HTM |archive-date= 14 December 2005}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=March 2026|reason=Liszt is mentioned once in this article, and none of he material in this paragraph is mentioned there.}}

In the 1870s, he became friends with poet [[Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson]], who shared his interests in Norwegian self-government. Grieg set several of his poems to music, including ''Landkjenning'' and ''Sigurd Jorsalfar''.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.naxos.com/mainsite/blurbs_reviews.asp?item_code=8.573045&catNum=573045&filetype=About%20this%20Recording&language=English| title = Grieg, E.: Orchestral Music, Vol. 7 – Olav Trygvason / Landkjenning / Sigurd Jorsalfar (excerpts) (Malmo Symphony, Engeset)| access-date = 3 September 2021| archive-date = 7 March 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210307074649/https://www.naxos.com/mainsite/blurbs_reviews.asp?item_code=8.573045&catNum=573045&filetype=About+this+Recording&language=English| url-status = dead}}</ref> Eventually, they decided on an opera based on King Olav Trygvason, but a dispute as to whether the music or lyrics should be created first led to Grieg's being diverted to working on incidental music for [[Henrik Ibsen]]'s play ''[[Peer Gynt]]'', which naturally offended Bjørnson. Eventually, their friendship resumed.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://griegmuseum.no/en/about-grieg| title = ..About Edvard Grieg {{!}} Troldhaugen...| access-date = 3 September 2021| archive-date = 3 September 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210903164816/https://griegmuseum.no/en/about-grieg| url-status = dead}}</ref>

The [[incidental music]] composed for ''Peer Gynt'' at the request of the author contributed to its success and separately became some of the composer's most familiar music arranged as orchestral suites.

Grieg had close ties with the [[Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra]] (Harmonien), and later became music director of the orchestra from 1880 to 1882. In 1888, Grieg met [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]] in Leipzig. Grieg was impressed by Tchaikovsky,<ref name=lamb>{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/5648/I_1st1.htm |title=First Impressions, Edvard Grieg |author=Gretchen Lamb |access-date=11 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027092831/http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/5648/I_1st1.htm |archive-date=27 October 2009 |url-status=dead }} Lamb cites David Brown's ''Tchaikovsky Remembered''{{full citation needed|date=February 2021}}</ref> who thought very highly of Grieg's music, praising its beauty, originality and warmth.<ref name=kenn>{{cite web
 |title       = Piano Concerto in A minor, Op. 16
 |url         = http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=composition&composition_id=2131
 |author      = Richard Freed
 |author-link = Richard Freed
 |access-date  = 11 October 2006
|url-status  = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20061101192808/http://www.kennedy-center.org/calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=composition&composition_id=2131
 |archive-date = 1 November 2006
}}</ref>

On 6 December 1897, Grieg and his wife performed some of his music at a [[House concert|private concert]] at [[Windsor Castle]] for [[Queen Victoria]] and her court.<ref name=Mallet>{{cite book
 | last = Mallet
 | first = Victor
 | title = Life With Queen Victoria
 | url = https://archive.org/details/lifewithqueenvic00mall
 | url-access = registration
 | publisher = Houghton Mifflin
 | date = 1968
 | location = Boston
 | page = [https://archive.org/details/lifewithqueenvic00mall/page/120 120]
 }}</ref>

Grieg was awarded two honorary doctorates, first by the [[University of Cambridge]] in 1894 and the next from the [[University of Oxford]] in 1906.<ref>Carley, Lionel. "Preface." Preface. Edvard Grieg in England. N.p.: Boydell, 2006. Xi. Google Books. Web. 1 June 2014.</ref>

===Later years===
[[File:Troldhaugen in Bergen.jpg|thumb|Edvard Grieg Museum in Troldhaugen]]
The Norwegian government provided Grieg with a pension as he reached retirement age. In the spring of 1903, Grieg made nine 78-rpm [[gramophone record]]ings of his piano music in Paris. All of these discs have been reissued on both LPs and CDs, despite limited fidelity. Grieg recorded [[player piano]] music rolls for the Hupfeld Phonola piano-player system and [[Welte-Mignon]] reproducing system, all of which survive and can be heard today. He also worked with the [[Aeolian Company]] for its 'Autograph Metrostyle' piano roll series wherein he indicated the tempo mapping for many of his pieces.

In 1899, Grieg cancelled his concerts in France in protest of the [[Dreyfus affair]], an [[Antisemitism|antisemitic]] scandal that was roiling French politics at the time. Regarding this scandal, Grieg had written that he hoped that the French might "Soon return to the spirit of 1789, when the French republic declared that it would defend basic human rights." As a result of his statements concerning the affair, he became the target of much French [[hate mail]] that day.<ref>[https://www.dagbladet.no/kultur/2007/02/27/493382.html "Grieg the Humanist Brought to Light"], ''[[Dagbladet]]''</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171204061211/https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/books/i-have-no-desire-to-appear-before-a-french-audience-1.47656 "I Have No Desire..."] ''[[Haaretz]]''. 4 April 2002. By Shaul Koubovi. Retrieved 2 December 2017.</ref>

In 1906, he met the composer and pianist [[Percy Grainger]] in London. Grainger was a great admirer of Grieg's music and a strong empathy was quickly established. In a 1907 interview, Grieg stated: "I have written Norwegian Peasant Dances that no one in my country can play, and here comes this Australian who plays them as they ought to be played! He is a genius that we Scandinavians cannot do other than love."<ref>John Bird, ''Percy Grainger'', Oxford University Press, 1999, pp. 133–134.</ref>

Edvard Grieg died at the Municipal Hospital in Bergen, Norway, on 4 September 1907 at age 64 from [[heart failure]]. He had suffered a long period of illness. His last words were "Well, if it must be so."<ref>{{cite book |last=Ylikarjula |first=Simo |date=2005 |title=Minä elän ja muita viimeisiä sanoja |language=Finnish |location=Helsinki |publisher=WSOY |page=185|isbn=951-0-29407-1}}</ref>

The funeral drew between 30,000 and 40,000 people to the streets of his home town to honor him. Obeying his wish, his own ''[[Funeral March in Memory of Rikard Nordraak]]'' was played with orchestration by his friend [[Johan Halvorsen]], who had married Grieg's niece. In addition, the ''Funeral March'' movement from [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]]'s [[Piano Sonata No. 2 (Chopin)|Piano Sonata No. 2]] was played. Grieg was [[cremated]] in the first Norwegian [[crematorium]] opened in Bergen just that year, and his ashes were entombed in a mountain crypt near his house, Troldhaugen. After the death of his wife, her ashes were placed alongside his.<ref name=nbl />

Edvard Grieg and his wife were [[Unitarianism|Unitarians]] and Nina attended the Unitarian church in Copenhagen after his death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uudb.org/articles/edvardgrieg.html|work=Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography|title=Edvard and Nina Grieg|publisher=Unitarian Universalist Association|date=4 November 2004|author=Peter Hughes|access-date=10 December 2013|archive-date=21 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121083422/http://uudb.org/articles/edvardgrieg.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1085&context=honors|title=The Life and Works of Edvard Grieg|author=Leah Kennedy|publisher=Utah State University|date=1 May 2011|access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref>

A century after his death, Grieg's legacy extends beyond the field of music. There is a [[Bust of Edvard Grieg|large sculpture]] of Grieg in [[Seattle]], while one of the largest hotels in Bergen (his hometown) is named Quality Hotel Edvard Grieg and a large crater on the planet [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] is named after Grieg.

==Music==
Some of Grieg's early works include a [[symphony]] (which he later suppressed) and a [[Piano Sonata (Grieg)|piano sonata]]. He wrote three [[Violin Sonatas (Grieg)|violin sonatas]] and a [[Cello Sonata (Grieg)|cello sonata]].<ref name=nbl/>

{{listen|type=music
 | filename     = Edvard Grieg - Concerto in A minor, 1st movement.ogg
 | title        = Concerto in A minor: 1. Allegro molto moderato
 | description  = Performed by the University of Washington Symphony, conducted by [[Peter Erős]] (Neal O'Doan, piano)
 | filename3    = Edvard Grieg - Concerto in A minor, 2nd movement.ogg
 | title3       = Concerto in A minor: 2. Adagio
 | description3 = Performed by the University of Washington Symphony, conducted by [[Peter Erős]] (Neal O'Doan, piano)
 | filename5    = Edvard Grieg - Concerto in A minor, 3rd movement.ogg
 | title5       = Concerto in A minor: 3. Allegro moderato molto e marcato
 | description5 = Performed by the University of Washington Symphony, conducted by [[Peter Erős]] (Neal O'Doan, piano)
 | filename7 = Grieg Notturno Op 54 No 4 performed live by Mark Gasser, 2009.ogg
 | title7 = ''Notturno'', Op. 54, No. 4
 | description7 = Performed live by [[Mark Gasser]]
 | filename8 = Grieg+plays+Grieg+Butterfly+(1906).ogg
 | title8 = Grieg plays his Butterfly.
 | description8 = Recorded 1906
 | filename9 = Grieg+plays+Grieg+Wedding+Day+(1903).ogg
 | title9 = Grieg plays his Wedding day.
 | description9 = Recorded 1903
}}
Grieg composed the [[incidental music]] for [[Henrik Ibsen]]'s play ''[[Peer Gynt]]'', which includes the excerpts "[[In the Hall of the Mountain King]]" and "[[Morning Mood]]." In an 1874 letter to his friend [[Frants Beyer]], Grieg expressed his unhappiness with "In the Hall of the Mountain King," one of the movements in the ''[[Peer Gynt (Grieg)|Peer Gynt]]'' incidental music, writing "I have also written something for the scene in the hall of the mountain King – something that I literally can't bear listening to because it absolutely reeks of cow-pies, exaggerated Norwegian nationalism, and trollish self-satisfaction! But I have a hunch that the irony will be discernible."<ref>{{cite book
  | last = Layton
  | first = Robert
  | title = Grieg: Illustrated Lives of the Great Composers
  | publisher=Omnibus Press
  | year = 1998
  | pages = 75
  | isbn = 978-0-7119-4811-2
}} See also: {{cite news
  | last = Tommasini
  | first = Anthony|author-link=Anthony Tommasini
  | title = Respect at Last for Grieg?
  | work=[[The New York Times]]
  | date = 16 September 2007
| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/arts/music/16tomm.html
  | access-date =4 July 2008
}}</ref>

Grieg's ''[[Holberg Suite]]'' was originally written for the piano, and later arranged by the composer for [[string instrument|string]] orchestra. Grieg wrote songs in which he set lyrics by poets [[Heinrich Heine]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], Henrik Ibsen, [[Hans Christian Andersen]], [[Rudyard Kipling]] and others. Russian composer [[Nikolai Myaskovsky]] used a theme by Grieg for the variations with which he closed his Third String Quartet. Norwegian pianist [[Eva Knardahl]] recorded the composer's complete piano music on 13 LPs for [[BIS Records]] from 1977 to 1980. The recordings were reissued in 2006 on 12 compact discs, also on [[BIS Records]]. Grieg himself recorded many of these piano works before his death in 1907. Pianist [[Bertha Tapper]] edited Grieg's piano works for publication in America by [[Oliver Ditson]].{{citation needed|date=March 2026}}

==List of selected works==
{{main|List of compositions by Edvard Grieg}}
*[[Piano Sonata (Grieg)|Piano Sonata in E minor]], Op. 7
*[[Sonatas for Violin and Piano (Grieg)#Violin Sonata No. 1 in F major|Violin Sonata No. 1 in F major]], Op. 8
*Concert [[Overture]] ''[[In Autumn]]'', Op. 11
*[[Sonatas for Violin and Piano (Grieg)#Violin Sonata No. 2 in G major|Violin Sonata No. 2 in G major]], Op. 13
*[[Piano Concerto (Grieg)|Piano Concerto in A minor]], Op. 16
*[[Incidental music]] to [[Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson]]'s play ''[[Sigurd Jorsalfar (Grieg)|Sigurd Jorsalfar]]'', Op. 22
*[[Peer Gynt (Grieg)|Incidental music to Henrik Ibsen's play ''Peer Gynt'']], Op. 23
*''[[Ballade in the Form of Variations on a Norwegian Folk Song]]'' in G minor, Op. 24
*[[String Quartet No. 1 (Grieg)|String Quartet in G minor]], Op. 27
*''[[Two Elegiac Melodies]]'' for strings or piano, Op. 34
*Four ''Norwegian Dances'' for piano four hands, Op. 35 (better known in orchestrations by [[Hans Sitt]] and others)
*[[Cello Sonata (Grieg)|Cello Sonata in A minor]], Op. 36
*''[[Holberg Suite]]'' for piano, later arr. for string orchestra, Op. 40
*[[Sonatas for Violin and Piano (Grieg)#Violin Sonata No. 3 in C minor, Op. 45|Violin Sonata No. 3 in C minor]], Op. 45
*[[Peer Gynt (Grieg)|''Peer Gynt'' Suite]] No. 1, Op. 46
*''[[Lyric Suite (Grieg)|Lyric Suite]]'' for orchestra, Op. 54 (orchestration of four ''[[Lyric Pieces]]'')
*[[Peer Gynt (Grieg)|''Peer Gynt'' Suite]] No. 2, Op. 55
*Four ''[[Symphonic Dances (Grieg)|Symphonic Dances]]'' for piano, later arr. for orchestra, Op. 64
*''[[Haugtussa (Grieg)|Haugtussa]]'' Song Cycle after [[Arne Garborg]], Op. 67
*Sixty-six ''[[Lyric Pieces]]'' for piano in ten books, Opp. 12, 38, 43, 47, 54, 57, 62, 65, 68 and 71, including: ''Arietta'', ''To the Spring'', ''Little Bird'', ''Butterfly'', ''Notturno'', ''[[Wedding Day at Troldhaugen]]'', ''At Your Feet'', ''Longing For Home'', ''March of the Dwarfs'', ''Poème érotique'' and ''Gone''.

==See also==
{{Portal|Norway|Biography|Classical music}}
*[[Bust of Edvard Grieg]], University of Washington, Seattle
*[[Edvard Grieg's music in popular culture]]
*[[Grieg (crater)]]
*[[Peer Gynt Prize]]
*[[Song of Norway]]

==References==
'''Notes'''
{{Reflist}}

'''Bibliography'''
*{{cite book |first1=Finn |last1=Benestad |author-link1=Finn Benestad |first2=Dag |last2=Schjelderup-Ebbe |author-link2=Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe |title=Edvard Grieg – mennesket og kunstneren |edition=2 |year=1990 |orig-year=1980 |language=no |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo|isbn=978-82-03-16373-9|title-link=Edvard Grieg – mennesket og kunstneren}}

==Further reading==

===English===
*[[Lionel Carley|Carley]], Lionel (2006) ''Edvard Grieg in England'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press) {{ISBN|978-1-84383-207-2}}
*[[Henry Theophilus Finck|Finck, Henry Theophilus]] (2008) ''Edvard Grieg'' (Bastian Books) {{ISBN|978-0-554-96326-6}}
*[[Henry Theophilus Finck|Finck, Henry Theophilus]] (2002) ''Edvard Grieg; with an introductory note by Lothar Feinstein'' (Adelaide: London Cambridge Scholars Press) {{ISBN|978-1-904303-20-6}}
*Foster, Beryl (2007) ''Songs of Edvard Grieg'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press) {{ISBN|978-1-84383-343-7}}
*Grimley, Daniel (2007) ''Grieg: Music, Landscape and Norwegian Cultural Identity'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press) {{ISBN|978-1-84383-210-2}}
*Jarrett, Sandra (2003) ''Edvard Grieg and his songs'' (Aldershot: Ashgate) {{ISBN|978-0-7546-3003-6}}.
*{{cite journal |last1=Kijas |first1=Anna E. |year=2013 |title="A suitale soloist for my piano concerto": Teresa Carreño as a promoter of Edvard Grieg's music |journal=Notes: Quarterly Journal of the Music Library Association |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=37–58 |publisher=Music Library Association |doi=10.1353/not.2013.0121|s2cid=187606895 |ref=none}}

===Norwegian===
*Bredal, Dag/Strøm-Olsen, Terje (1992) ''Edvard Grieg – Musikken er en kampplass'' (Oslo: Aventura Forlag A/S) {{ISBN|978-82-588-0890-6}}
*Dahl Jr., Erling (2007) ''Edvard Grieg – En introduksjon til hans liv og musikk'' (Bergen: Vigmostad og Bjørke) {{ISBN|978-82-419-0418-9}}
*Purdy, Claire Lee (1968) ''Historien om Edvard Grieg'' (Oslo: A/S Forlagshuse) {{ISBN|978-82-511-0152-3}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Edvard Grieg}}
*[https://www.grieg07.no Grieg 2007 Official Site for 100th year commemoration of Edvard Grieg]
*[http://www.edvardgrieg.no The Grieg archives at Bergen Public Library]
*[http://www.troldhaugen.no Troldhaugen Museum, Grieg's home]
*{{OL author}}
*[http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=11839 Edvard Grieg statue] by [[Sigvald Asbjørnsen]] [[Prospect Park (Brooklyn)]]
*Films about Grieg's life: [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0303955/ ''What Price Immortality?'' (1999)]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/bergen_public_library/collections/72157617382486774/ Edvard Grieg picture collection at flickr commons]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314160425/http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/edvardgrieg.html Edvard and Nina Grieg], ''Dictionary of [[Unitarianism|Unitarian]] & [[Universalist]] Biography''

===Recordings by Grieg===
*[http://www.pianolist.org/music/papillon.mp3 Papillon – Lyric Piece, Op. 43, no. 1] as recorded by Grieg on piano roll, 17 April 1906, Leipzig ([https://www.pianola.org/reproducing/reproducing.cfm Info])

===Recordings of Grieg works===
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161030204402/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata1-1.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 1 in F major, I. Allegro con brio – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161030205903/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata1-2.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 1 in F major, II. Allegretto quasi Andantino – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161030205718/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata1-3.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 1 in F major, III. Allegro molto vivace – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161031023605/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata3-1.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 3 in C minor, I. Allegro molto ed appassionato – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161030202457/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata3-2.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 3 in C minor, II. Allegretto espressivo all Ramanza – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161030205017/http://www.lunanova.org/MaytanCD/GriegSonata3-3.mp3 Edvard Grieg, Sonata No. 3 in C minor, III. Allegro animato – Gregory Maytan (violin), Nicole Lee (piano)]{{plays audio}}
===Music scores===
*{{IMSLP|id=Grieg, Edvard}}

{{Edvard Grieg}}
{{Romantic music}}
{{Musical nationalism}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grieg, Edvard}}
[[Category:Edvard Grieg| ]]
[[Category:1843 births]]
[[Category:1907 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Norwegian classical composers]]
[[Category:19th-century classical pianists]]
[[Category:19th-century Norwegian male musicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Norwegian pianists]]
[[Category:20th-century Norwegian classical composers]]
[[Category:20th-century Norwegian classical pianists]]
[[Category:20th-century Norwegian male musicians]]
[[Category:Composers awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:Composers for piano]]
[[Category:Honorary members of the Royal Philharmonic Society]]
[[Category:Male classical pianists]]
[[Category:Musicians awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:Composers from Bergen]]
[[Category:Norwegian male classical composers]]
[[Category:Norwegian male pianists]]
[[Category:Norwegian people of Scottish descent]]
[[Category:Norwegian Romantic composers]]
[[Category:Norwegian Unitarians]]
[[Category:Pupils of Salomon Jadassohn]]
[[Category:Pupils of Robert Papperitz]]
[[Category:String quartet composers]]
[[Category:University of Music and Theatre Leipzig alumni]]
[[Category:Pupils of Carl Reinecke]]
[[Category:Chief conductors of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra]]
[[Category:Ballets Russes composers]]
[[Category:Hagerup family]]
[[Category:19th-century male pianists]]
[[Category:20th-century male pianists]]
[[Category:Dreyfusards]]