View source for Edu Snethlage

{{Short description|Dutch footballer and physician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Ed Snethlage
| image = Anefo 3928 Nederland tegen België 1908.jpg
| caption = Snethlage and the Netherlands national team in 1908 (in this match, against Belgium, Snethlage scored)
| fullname = Everardus Snethlage
| birth_date = {{birth date|1886|05|09|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Ngawi Regency|Ngawi]], [[Dutch East Indies]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1941|01|12|1886|05|09|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Medan]], [[Dutch East Indies]]
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| years1 = 1903-1910
| clubs1 = [[HV & CV Quick|HVV Quick]] 
| caps1 = +80
| goals1 = 53
| nationalyears1 = 1907–1909
| nationalteam1 = [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]]
| nationalcaps1 = 11
| nationalgoals1 = 10 
}}
{{MedalTop}}
{{MedalSport | Men's [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Football]]}}
{{MedalBronze| [[1908 Summer Olympics|1908 London]] | [[Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics|Team Competition]]}}
{{MedalBottom}}

'''Everardus '''"'''Edu'''"''' Snethlage''' (9 May 1886 – 12 January 1941) was a Dutch [[physician]] and [[Association football|footballer]] who played as a [[Forward (association football)|forward]] for [[HV & CV Quick|HVV Quick]] and the [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands national team]], becoming the all-time top scorer of the latter in 1909.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}

Snethlage spent his entire playing career at [[HV & CV Quick|HVV Quick]] in [[The Hague]], thus being part of the so-called [[List of one-club men in association football|one-club men group]]. In total, he scored 53 goals in over 80 matches for the club, with his goalscoring performances proving crucial in helping the club win the [[Eredivisie|Dutch championship]] in [[List of Dutch football champions|1908]],<ref name=Edu/> as well as three consecutive [[KNVB Cup]]s between 1909 and 1911, netting once in a 6–1 win over [[HBS Craeyenhout]] in the final, to help his side win the only Cup title in the club's history. He was a member of the team that won the bronze medal in the [[Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics|football tournament]] of the [[1908 Summer Olympics]].<ref name=Oly>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/26684 |title=Edu Snethlage |work=Olympedia |access-date=27 March 2021 |archive-date=3 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503215823/https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/26684 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Club career==
Everardus Snethlage was born on 9 May 1886 in [[Ngawi Regency|Ngawi]], [[Dutch East Indies]], to a former German pastoral family.<ref name=Edu>{{cite web |url=https://muizenest.nl/2021/05/09/edu-snethlage/ |title=Edu Snethlage |work=muizenest.nl |language=nl |date=9 May 2021 |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235940/https://muizenest.nl/2021/05/09/edu-snethlage/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Snethlage began playing football with HVV Quick, which he joined in June 1901, at the age of 15, together with his two-year older brother Bram, who would also make it to the first team.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/tijdschriften/view?identifier=dts:2303034:mpeg21:0010&coll=dts&query=&cql%5B%5D=%28volumeYear+_gte_+%221901%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28volumeYear+_lte_+%221901%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28alternative+all+%22sportblad%22%29&sortfield=date&page=3&rowid=3&pres%5Bmaxperpage%5D=36 |title=Clubberichten - HVV Quick |trans-title=Club messages - HVV Quick |language=nl |publisher=[[:nl:Het Sportblad|Het Sportblad]] |date=7 June 1901 |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=10 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310113145/https://www.delpher.nl/nl/tijdschriften/view?identifier=dts:2303034:mpeg21:0010&coll=dts&query=&cql%5B%5D=(volumeYear+_gte_+%221901%22)&cql%5B%5D=(volumeYear+_lte_+%221901%22)&cql%5B%5D=(alternative+all+%22sportblad%22)&sortfield=date&page=3&rowid=3&pres%5Bmaxperpage%5D=36 |url-status=live }}</ref> Snethlage would only play in the lower teams for a year. As early as 1903, barely 17 years old, he was already a regular in the first team.<ref name=Edu/> Initially, Snethlage played in midfield as a [[Midfielder#winger|right winger]], but from the 1906–07 season onwards, he was drafted into the frontline, first as a [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|center forward]], but soon as [[Forward (association football)#Inside forward|inside right]].<ref name=Edu/> This adjustment proved to be a game-changer as he formed for years a formidable attacking partnership with [[Caius Welcker]], as they formed the most feared right wing that the Netherlands had known until that time.<ref name=Edu/> The two of them were nicknamed "scientific" by the media, likely referring to them being students.<ref name=Oly/> They played a crucial role in helping HVV Quick become the champions of the Netherlands in 1908, a championship in which they played together in every match.<ref name=Edu/>

After a match in [[Antwerp]] against "Manchester University", he was declared the star of the match by the English referee James, who stated that "Snethlage is one of the few players in (continental) Europe that is at the same level as the English professional footballers", and adding that he would be in the highest salary class in England as a professional.<ref name=Edu/> Snethlage was indeed so coveted by the English that [[Hull City FC]] offered him a professional contract in 1909 during a trip from Quick to [[Sheffield]], but although he feels honored, he immediately rejects the offer because he wanted to establish himself as a doctor in the Dutch East Indies, where he was born, and certainly not as a professional football player.<ref name=Edu/> At the end of 1909, Bolton Wanderers also tried to persuade Snethlage to play for them in two games around [[Christmas]], but this offer was also declined.<ref name=Edu/>

On 19 December 1909, Snethlage scored twice in the home game against HBS. They would prove to be his last league goals, as a knee injury made it impossible for him to play football. In the second half of the 1909–10 season, he missed 8 of the 9 games and only played in the home game against [[HFC Haarlem]] on 6 February 1910, in which he dropped out halfway through the second half.<ref name=Edu/> Snethlage did start the 1910–11 season but fell out just before half-time in the game for the [[Zilveren Bal]] against Velocitas from [[Breda]] because of the same knee injury that had also sidelined him for most of the second half of the previous season. Snethlage retired shortly after, having been only 24 years old at the time.<ref name=Edu/>

==International career==
Snethlage represented the [[Netherlands national football team|Dutch team]] at the [[1908 Summer Olympics]], playing both matches as an inside right as he helped his nation win the bronze medal in the [[Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics|football tournament]].<ref name=Edu/><ref name=Oly/><ref name=stekom>{{cite web |url=https://p2k.stekom.ac.id/ensiklopedia/Edu_Snethlage |title=Edu Snethlage |website=p2k.stekom.ac.id |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235941/https://p2k.stekom.ac.id/ensiklopedia/Edu_Snethlage |url-status=live }}</ref> Snethlage spent the night before the bronze medal match in the [[London]] nightlife, emerging only at the field with just a few minutes to go.<ref name=Oly/> The [[Manager (association football)|manager]] [[Edgar Chadwick]] was furious, but put Snethlage on the team, who played great and scored the second and decisive goal in a 2–0 win over [[Sweden men's national football team|Sweden]].<ref name=Oly/><ref name=EU>{{cite web |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=19615 |title=Edu Snethlage, international footballer |website=Eu-football.info |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235942/https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=19615 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=RSSSF>{{cite web |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/snethlage-intlg.html |title=Edu Snethlage – Goals in International Matches |publisher=[[RSSSF]] |date=6 January 2022 |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235939/https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/snethlage-intlg.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In all of his international matches, Snethlage formed the right wing together with Caius Welcker, just like with Quick.<ref name=Edu/> Coincidentally, Snethlage's international career started with a 12–2 defeat against [[England national amateur football team|England amateurs]], the biggest loss in the history of the Dutch team, and ended against the same opponent with a 9–1 loss, being the [[Captain (association football)|captain]] in the latter.<ref name=Edu/> Between these two games, Snethlage played a further nine, scoring 10 goals.<ref name=EU/><ref name=RSSSF/>

Snethlage became the all-time top scorer for the Netherlands national team on 21 March 1909. His opening goal of the match against [[Belgium national football team|Belgium]] was his seventh goal for the Netherlands, breaking the then record of six goals that [[Eddy de Neve]] had held since 14 May 1905.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} Snethlage improved his record by scoring a [[Hat-trick#Association football|hat-trick]] in the [[Low Countries derby]] against [[Belgium national football team|Belgium]] on 25 April 1909.<ref name=Belgium>{{cite web |url=https://eu-football.info/_match.php?id=4559 |title=Netherlands vs Belgium, 25 April 1909 |website=Eu-football.info |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235940/https://eu-football.info/_match.php?id=4559 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was, therefore, the first player to reach double figures for the Netherlands national team and retired from the team being its all-time top scorer.<ref name=Edu/> When he sustained his knee injury, Snethlage had been in the Netherlands starting eleven for eleven consecutive international matches, and thus, without a knee injury, Snethlage would have played more international matches.<ref name=Edu/> His record was superseded on 16 October 1910, when [[Jan Thomée]] scored his eleventh goal for the Netherlands in a match against [[Germany national football team|Germany]].{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}

In addition to the Netherlands national team, Snethlage also played for the {{ill|West-Nederlands voetbalelftal (mannen)|nl|lt=Western national team}}, albeit only once. On 15 March 1908, the West defeated the Eastern team 7–2 at the PW site in Enschede.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/tijdschriften/view?identifier=dts:2332012:mpeg21:0005&coll=dts&query=&cql%5B%5D=%28volumeYear+_gte_+%221908%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28volumeYear+_lte_+%221908%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28alternative+all+%22sportblad%22%29&sortfield=date&page=2&rowid=2&pres%5Bmaxperpage%5D=36 |title=Oost West wedstrijd |trans-title=East West match |language=nl |website=Eu-football.info |date=19 March 1908 |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=10 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310113147/https://www.delpher.nl/nl/tijdschriften/view?identifier=dts:2332012:mpeg21:0005&coll=dts&query=&cql%5B%5D=(volumeYear+_gte_+%221908%22)&cql%5B%5D=(volumeYear+_lte_+%221908%22)&cql%5B%5D=(alternative+all+%22sportblad%22)&sortfield=date&page=2&rowid=2&pres%5Bmaxperpage%5D=36 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Snethlage also played for the [[ANVV De Zwaluwen|De Zwaluwen team]]. Snethlage scored the very first goal in the history of De Zwaluwen on 21 November 1907 at the HVV site when two Zwaluwen test teams played against each other there. On 23 May 1909, Snethlage played for the last time in Zwaluwenverband in Amsterdam on the grounds of RAP against the Bolton Wanderers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&identifier=ddd:010108161:mpeg21:a0143 |title=Voetbal Zwaluwen 0-6 Bolton Wanderers |trans-title=Football Zwaluwen 0-6 Bolton Wanderers |language=nl |website=www.delpher.nl |date=24 May 1909 |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703235939/https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&identifier=ddd:010108161:mpeg21:a0143 |url-status=live }}</ref> Here too he formed the right wing with Welcker. Despite the heavy defeat, Snethlage had apparently made a big impression on the "Trotters" given the offer Snethlage received six months later to play with Bolton.<ref name=Edu/>

==After football==
Snethlage took the State Examination for admission to the university's Faculty of Medicine from 25 to 27 August 1904 and passed. Snethlage went to study at Leiden and, in October 1906, passed the preparatory examination in medicine. This was followed by July 1908 by the bachelor's examination and finally, in September 1911, by the doctoral examination in medicine.<ref name=Edu/> For the last part of his training, Snethlage left for Amsterdam, where he was promoted to [[physician]] on 31 May 1913 by the State Medical Commission.<ref name=Edu/> After retiring from football in late 1910, he returned to the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and practiced as a doctor.<ref name=stekom/>

Snethlage has been married twice. On 6 February 1925, he married Louise Henriette Van der Jagt in Soerabaja; the marriage ended in divorce in the early 1930s.<ref name=Edu/> A second marriage took place on 15 June 1931 with Wilhelmina Maria Antonia Josephina Van der Poel. Both marriages remained childless.<ref name=Edu/>

==Death==
Snethlage died on 19 October 1940 at the age of 54. The cause is unknown, but it cannot have anything to do with World War II because the Japanese would not invade the country until a year later.<ref name=Edu/> Snethlage's burial at the General Cemetery in Medan attracted great interest.<ref name=Edu/>

==International goals==
:''Netherlands score listed first, score column indicates score after each Snethlage goal.

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+ List of international goals scored by Snethlage.<ref name=EU/>
|-
!scope=col|No.
!scope=col|Date
!scope=col|Venue
!scope=col|Opponent
!scope=col|Score
!scope=col|Result
!scope=col|Competition
|-
| 1. || 26 April 1908 || rowspan="3" | [[Prinsenlaan (Rotterdam)|Prinsenlaan]], [[Rotterdam]], Netherlands || {{fb|BEL}} || align=center | '''1'''–0 || style="text-align:center"|3–1 || [[Belgium vs Netherlands Cups#Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad Beker|1908 Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad Beker]]
|-
| 2. || rowspan="2" | 10 May 1908 || rowspan="2" | {{fb|FRA}} || align=center | '''1'''–0 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"|4–1 || rowspan="2" | [[Exhibition game|Friendly match]]
|-
| 3. || align=center | '''4'''–1
|-
| 4. || 23 October 1908 || [[White City Stadium|White City]], [[London]], England || rowspan="3" | {{fb|SWE}} || align=center | '''2'''–0 || style="text-align:center"|2–0 || [[Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics#Bronze medal match|1908 Olympic Bronze medal match]]
|-
| 5. || rowspan="2" | 25 October 1908 || rowspan="2" | De Diepput, [[The Hague]], Netherlands || align=center | '''1'''–0 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"|5–3 || rowspan="2" | [[Exhibition game|Friendly match]]
|-
| 6. || align=center | '''4'''–3
|-
| 7. || 21 March 1909 || [[Beerschot A.C.]] ground, [[Antwerp]], Belgium || {{fb|SWE}} || align=center | '''1'''–0 || style="text-align:center"|4–1 || [[Belgium vs Netherlands Cups#Coupe Vanden Abeele|1909 Coupe Vanden Abeele]]
|-
| 8. || rowspan="3" | 25 April 1909 || rowspan="3" | [[Prinsenlaan (Rotterdam)|Prinsenlaan]], [[Rotterdam]], Netherlands || rowspan="3" | {{fb|BEL}} || align=center | '''2'''–0 || rowspan="3" style="text-align:center"|4–1 || rowspan="3" | [[Belgium vs Netherlands Cups#Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad Beker|1909 Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad Beker]]
|-
| 9. || align=center | '''3'''–0
|-
| 10. || align=center | '''4'''–0
|-
|}

==Honours==
'''HVV'''
* [[Eredivisie|Dutch championship]]: 1907–08
* [[KNVB Cup]]: 1908–09, 1909–10, and 1910–11

'''Netherlands'''
* [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] Bronze medal: [[Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics|1908]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133743/http://www.databaseolympics.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=SNETHEDU01 Edu Snethlage at databaseOlympics.com]
{{Commons category}}
*{{sports links}}

{{Netherlands football squad 1908 Summer Olympics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Snethlage, Edu}}
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1941 deaths]]
[[Category:Dutch men's footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers at the 1908 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic footballers for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Olympic bronze medalists for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Netherlands men's international footballers]]
[[Category:Olympic medalists in football]]
[[Category:People from Ngawi Regency]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1908 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Men's association football forwards]]
[[Category:HV & CV Quick players]]
[[Category:Dutch people of the Dutch East Indies]]
[[Category:20th-century Dutch sportsmen]]