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'''EMTP''' is an acronym for '''Electromagnetic [[Transient (oscillation)|Transients]] Program'''. It is a software tool used by power systems engineers to analyse electromagnetic transients (generically "EMT") and associated insulation issues.

It is also a trademark for the commercial version of EMTP.

In 1964 in his Ph.D. thesis ([[Technical University of Munich]]), Dr. [[Hermann W. Dommel|Hermann Dommel]] used [[Nodal analysis]] with the companion circuit model and the constant-parameter transmission line model, to simulate electromagnetic transients. The companion circuit model used the [[Trapezoidal rule|trapezoidal integration rule]]. At that time [[Bonneville Power Administration]] also started to develop a computer software for studying switching overvoltages for insulation coordination. In 1966, [[Hermann W. Dommel|Hermann Dommel]] was invited to [[Bonneville Power Administration|BPA]] from Germany to work on the development of a software named Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). The EMTP development was part of a project for the development of [[Power-flow study|load-flow]] and stability analysis software at [[Bonneville Power Administration|BPA]]. This project was directed by W. F. Tinney whose fundamental contributions to the solution of [[Sparse matrix|sparse matrices]] enabled EMTP and other packages to simulate large power systems. 

In 1973 [[Hermann W. Dommel|H. Dommel]] left [[Bonneville Power Administration|BPA]] to become a professor at [[University of British Columbia]]. The development of EMTP was then taken over and significantly accelerated by W. Scott Meyer. W. Scott Meyer collaborated with various researchers & experts including A. Ametani, Vladimir Brandwajn, Laurent Dubé, José R. Marti, Adam Semlyen. In 1981, the Development Coordination Group (DCG) of EMTP was proposed and formed by [[Bonneville Power Administration|BPA]] in which [[Hermann W. Dommel|Hermann Dommel]] maintained his participation. Over the following years, several organizations became members of DCG-EMTP to contribute research, development and field tests. The list included: [[ABB Group|ABB]], [[American Electric Power|AEP]], CEA, [[Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry|CRIEPI]], [[EDF (company)|EDF]], [[Electric Power Research Institute|EPRI]], [[Hydro-Québec]], [[Ontario Hydro]], [[US Bureau of Reclamation]], [[Western Area Power Administration]]. [[Electric Power Research Institute|EPRI]] joined the DCG in 1983. 

In 1984 [[Bonneville Power Administration|BPA]] left the DCG and W. Scott Meyer continued independently and personally developing with the existing EMTP code under the new name EMTP-ATP in his free time. ATP is acronym of Alternative Transients Program being non-commercial and royalty-free version of EMTP. EMTP-ATP was then in 1987 available in Europe distributed by Leuven EMTP Center at the [[KU Leuven]] (Katholieke Universiteit) as the first EMTP version running under operating system [[DOS]] on IBM XT/AT and compatible personal computers.  

The DCG pursued the development of EMTP with its members. Several full versions were released on mainframe computers and later [[Unix]] workstations. The development work was continued mainly by Vladimir Brandwajn, Jean Mahseredjian and L. Marti. In 1992, J. Mahseredjian, then working at [[Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Québec|IREQ]] ([[Hydro-Québec]]) converted the EMTP code to work on [[OS/2]], [[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.1]] and [[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.11]]. The first [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] EMTP [[Personal computer|PC]] version was commercialized by [[Hydro One]]. In 1996 a major EMTP version was released on [[Windows 95]]. At that time it became acknowledged and urgent in the DCG to modernize the EMTP code and improve its numerical methods. 

In 1996 J. Mahseredjian proposed to the DCG to abandon the old EMTP code and to rewrite it from scratch using modern programming languages, and latest numerical methods. His demonstrations and prototypes triggered the EMTP recoding (restructuring) project. The EMTP recoding project started in 1998 by J. Mahseredjian. J. Mahseredjian worked later with a small team of developers, including mainly S. Dennetière, O. Saad, C. Dewhurst and Laurent Dubé, to deliver the new commercial version of EMTP, in 2003. It was then released under the version named EMTP-RV, RV meaning restructured version. This new commercial EMTP code introduced several major improvements in graphical user interface, programming practices and numerical methods.
In 2004, J. Mahseredjian left [[Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Québec|IREQ]] to become a professor at [[Polytechnique Montréal]].

The DCG has been dismantled some time after the release of the new commercial version of EMTP. Currently the commercial version is controlled by [[EDF (company)|EDF]], [[Hydro-Québec]] and [[Réseau de Transport d'Électricité|RTE]]. It is developed and maintained by the team of Jean Mahseredjian inside the PGSTech company.

Over the years, several researchers worldwide contributed numerical methods and models for EMT-type simulations tools.
The fundamental concept of companion circuit model with [[Trapezoidal rule|trapezoidal integration]] triggered other major software developments. The EMT-type software named EMTDC/PSCAD is currently developed and maintained by [[Manitoba Hydro|Manitoba HVDC Research Center]]. The real-time simulation tool named RTDS is commercialized by RTDS Technologies Inc. [[Hydro-Québec]] also developed a real-time EMT solver named Hypersim. Hypersim is currently commercialized by Opal-RT Technologies Inc. PowerFactory – DIgSILENT has a full EMT-type simulation module. [[MathWorks]] commercializes a toolbox named Simscape Electrical which is based on the state-space approach for solving electrical circuits and benefits from the powerful control system simulation environment of [[Simulink]].

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
* [[Distributed generation]]
* [[Nodal analysis]]
* [[Trapezoidal rule]]
* [[Transient (oscillation)]]
* [[Flexible AC transmission system]] (FACTS)
* [[Geomagnetically induced current]] (GIC)
* [[Power system harmonics]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
*The EMTP Theory Book, Hermann Dommel
*Electrical Transients in Power Systems, Allan Greenwood, John Wiley & Sons, 1991.

== External links ==
{{wiktionary|grid electricity}}
* [http://www.emtp.com/ EMTP]

[[Category:Electromagnetic simulation software]]
[[Category:Electric power distribution]]

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