View source for EMD G16

{{Short description|American diesel locomotive}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = EMD G16
| powertype = [[Diesel–electric]]
| image = Aut1968bn1.jpg
| caption = [[Renfe]] [[Renfe Class 319 (early versions)|319.068]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1000mm|allk=on}}<br />{{track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}<br />{{track gauge|5ft3in|lk=on}}<br />{{track gauge|1668mm|lk=on}}
| buildmodel = G16
| builder = [[Electro-Motive Diesel]] – [[General Motors Diesel]], [[Clyde Engineering]], [[Stadler Rail Valencia SAU|MACOSA]]
| operator = 
| builddate = 1958–1972
| totalproduction = 430
| fleetnumbers = HŽ-2061
| aarwheels = C-C
| uicclass = Co'Co'
| primemover = [[Electro-Motive Diesel|EMD]] [[EMD 567|16-567C]] (Some changed to [[EMD 645|16-645E]])
| enginetype = [[V16 engine|V16]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]]
| fuelcap = {{convert|3028|L|USgal impgal}}
| locoweight = {{convert|108|t}} (Yugoslav subseries 000)<br /> {{convert|112|t}} (Yugoslav subseries 100)
| length = {{convert|18.471|m|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = 16
| cylindersize = {{convert|8.5|x|10|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput = {{convert|1800|bhp|kW|abbr=on|lk=in}},<br /> {{convert|1826|or|1925|bhp|kW|abbr=on}}
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|26000|kg-f|kN|1|abbr=on}}<br />{{convert|26000|kg-f|lb-f|abbr=on}}<br /> (Egypt & Israel)
| maxspeed = {{convert|124|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| nicknames = ''"[[John F Kennedy|Kenedi]]"'' (former Yugoslavia), ''"Tlaconete"'' (Mexico)
| locale = [[Australia]], [[Brazil]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Egypt]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Israel]], [[Kosovo]], [[Mexico]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Serbia]], [[Slovenia]] and [[Spain]]
}}

The '''EMD G16''' is a [[diesel locomotive]] built by [[Electro-Motive Diesel|General Motors]] in the US and under licence by [[Clyde Engineering]] in Australia and [[Stadler Rail Valencia SAU|MACOSA]] in Spain. It has been used in [[Rail transport in Australia|Australia]], [[Vale (company)#Logistics|Brazil]], [[Egyptian National Railways|Egyptian Railways]], [[Kowloon-Canton Railway|Hong Kong]], [[Israel Railways]], [[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México|Mexico]], [[Renfe|Spain]], [[Yugoslav Railways]] and on the successor [[Croatian Railways]], [[Slovenian Railways]], [[Serbian Railways]], [[Makedonski Železnici|Macedonian Railways]], [[Republika Srpska Railways]], [[Kosovo Railways]] and [[Railways of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]].

==Australia==
The [[Victorian Railways]] bought six G16C locomotives locally built by [[Clyde Engineering]], known as the [[Victorian Railways X class (diesel)|X class]].<ref>LocoSnapshot: The Victorian Railways X class ''[[Motive Power]]'' issue 95 September 2014 pages 29-45</ref>

==Brazil==
In Brazil 41 locomotives were imported. The first eleven were introduced in 1962 and numbered 601–641, and the remaining thirty locomotives were imported in 1964–66. Thirty-seven locomotives still operate trains on the [[Vale (company)#Logistics|Vitória a Minas Railroad]].

==Egypt==
EMD supplied [[Egyptian National Railways#History|Egyptian Railways]] with 111 G16s in 1960–61 (ER numbers 3301–61) and seventeen G16Ws in 1964–65 (ER numbers 3362–411).<ref>Market Outlook ''[[Railway Age]]'' June 29, 1964 page 75</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Hughes |first=Hugh |isbn=0-9503469-7-7 |year=1981 |title=Middle East Railways |place=Harrow |publisher=Continental Railway Circle|page=26}}</ref>

== Iran ==

20 60.301–60.320

== Israel ==
During the [[Six-Day War]], Israel captured Egyptian Railways 3304, 3329 and 3361 which were appropriated into [[Israel Railways]] stock as numbers 301–303, later 161–163.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cotterell |first=Paul |isbn=0-905878-04-3 |year=1984 |title=The Railways of Palestine and Israel |place=Abingdon |publisher=Tourret Publishing|page=103}}</ref> All have now been withdrawn from service but 163 (formerly ER 3361) is preserved at the [[Israel Railway Museum]].

==Hong Kong==
In Hong Kong there are four locomotives imported for the [[Kowloon-Canton Railway]]. They would later be used by the [[MTR Corporation]] upon the merger. The first three were built by EMD in the US, introduced in 1961 and numbered 56–58. The fourth was built by Clyde Engineering in Australia, introduced in 1966 and numbered 59. They were named ''I.B. Trevor'', ''Bobby Howes'', ''Gordon Graham'', and ''[[Gerry Forsgate]]'' respectively.<ref>Kowloon-Canton Railway ''[[Continental Railway Journal]]'' issue 99 October 1994 page 27</ref> All were equipped with 16-567C engines and Co-Co wheel arrangements. 59 suffered a collision and was rebuilt with a 16-645E engine. 57 retired in 2009 and was scrapped in late 2014, while 59 retired in 2018 after suffering serious damage from a collision with a [[EMD G26]] locomotive, being scrapped in 2021. As of 2022, both remaining G16s have retired in Hong Kong; locomotive No. 56 ''I. B. Trevor'' is now on display in [[Hung Hom station]] since 2024 as part of the “Station Rail Voyage” exhibition.<ref>{{cite news |title=Retired train cars to be displayed in new Hung Hom station exhibition |url=https://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking-news/section/4/215485/Retired-train-cars-to-be-displayed-in-new-Hung-Hom-station-exhibition |work=The Standard |date=18 April 2024 }}</ref>

==Mexico==
In order to replace steam on the numerous light rail branches operated by the Nacionales de Mexico (N de M), EMD export models G12 and G16 were obtained. A total of 24 G16 units were built by EMD for the N de M, all equipped with dynamic brakes and introduced between August 1958 and July 1960, their running numbers being 7300 to 7323. The first thirteen units (Nr. 7300 to 7312) had close clearance cabs, and the last eleven units (Nr. 7313 to 7323) were delivered in 1960 and received a standard cab. No.7323 was pictured in 1963 with a standard cab, but appeared in 1974 with a close clearance cab, indicating that this unit was either rebuilt or more probably renumbered. Mexican railroaders nicknamed this locomotive as "Tlaconete", referring to the [[Pseudoeurycea ahuitzotl|imperial salamander]]; it was the first engine that was painted in the olive green, red and white scheme that was kept until 1987.<ref>{{cite book| title=NdeM in color| first=Matthews J.| last=Herson| year=2000| isbn=1-58248-046-X}}</ref>{{rp|83}}

==Spain==
The Renfe Class 1961-70, later known as [[Renfe Class 319 (early versions)|Renfe Class 319]] were to the G16 design. Ten of the units were built at General Motors factory in the US and were single cabin machines, identical to a standard G16 with the exception of having [[Iberian gauge]] {{track gauge|1668mm}} wheelsets. A further 93 locomotives were built under license using the same components but as twin-cab machines with a different external appearance and internal arrangement of components.

==Yugoslav Railways==
The EMD G16 ('''JŽ series 661''') was one of the most used diesel locomotives in Yugoslavia. The type is colloquially nicknamed ''"Kenedi"'' after the US President [[John F. Kennedy]]. After the breakup in 1991, the locomotives were passed on to successor states:

===Croatia===
In Croatia the locomotive is classified '''HŽ series 2061'''. As of 2007, the series has been withdrawn from service. Six units of the series were modified by removing two of the traction engines into series [[HŽ series 2043|2043]] locomotives during the early 1990s. None remain in active service.

===Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Slovenia===
In Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Slovenia have all kept the JŽ-era designation series 661.

Today there are around fifteen operational series 661s on Serbian Railways. Those locomotives are used mostly on non-electrified railways, primarily to haul freight trains, but also international passenger trains.

In Slovenia, the last 661 series locomotive ran on 17 May 2013, and it is now preserved as a historical unit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9W1zn4bH-o |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/f9W1zn4bH-o| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=SŽ 661-032 – Zadnja vožnja|via=youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

===Kosovo===
[[Kosovo Railways]] operates three former JŽ series 661. A fourth locomotive (001) was renumbered but is out of service. They no longer carry a type designation, instead they were just numbered 001 to 004. They are used to haul coal and clay trains.

Locomotive 661-203 began a rebuilding program in 2008, undertaken by [[TŽV Gredelj]] (Croatia) in association with [[Electro-Motive Diesel]]; the bogies and traction motors were retained, but with a new frame and engine ([[EMD 710|EMD 8-710G3A]]). The locomotives were also converted to twin cab designs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tzv-gredelj.biz.hr/eng/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=131&Itemid=1|title=Contract with Kosovo Railways|date=17 November 2008|work=tzv-gredelj.biz.hr|access-date=26 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100030/http://tzv-gredelj.biz.hr/eng/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=131&Itemid=1|archive-date=21 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The resulting new loco has EMD model code JT38CW-DC.<ref>Major rebuild for Kosovo diesel ''[[Today's Railways Europe]]'' issue 177 September 2018 page 12</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Pacific national cement train at geelong.jpg|[[Pacific National]] [[Victorian Railways X class (diesel)|X class]] G16C
File:ŽRS 661-303.jpg|[[Rail transport in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia & Herzegovina]]<br />ŽRS 661-303
File:G16 608 EFVM Vinicius Secchin.JPG|Brazilian EMD G16U #608 on the [[Vitória a Minas Railroad]]
File:ŽS 661 between Dimitrovgrad and Pirot.jpg|[[Železnice Srbije]] class 661 diesel locomotive, with an intermodal freight train from the Bulgarian border at Dimitrovgrad, on its way towards Niš.
File:Emd g16 yu.jpg|Yugoslav Railways 661 series at old station in [[Skopje]]
File:HK 661 003 on the freight line to the Golesh mine.jpg|Kosovo Railways 003 with an empty clay train
File:56(28).JPG|[[MTR]] #56
File:LOW 56 57 58 59.jpg|[[MTR]] #56,57,58,59
File:SZ class 661 in Ljubljana-April 2011(4).jpg|SŽ ([[Slovenian Railways|Slovenske Železnice]]) class 661 in Ljubljana, Slovenia April 2011
File:EMD_G16_ENR.jpg|An EMD G16 used by the [[Egyptian National Railways]]

</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Rolling stock of the Croatian Railways]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|EMD G16 locomotives}}
*[http://www.zeljeznice.net/lokomotive/diesel/2061.htm 2061 G16 at zeljeznice.net (in Croatian)]

{{HŽ rolling stock}}
{{ŽS rolling stock}}
{{SŽ rolling stock}}
{{JŽ rolling stock}}
{{EMD misc}}

[[Category:Electro-Motive Division locomotives|G16]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia| ]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Brazil]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Egypt]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Israel]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Mexico]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Spain]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Croatia]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Kosovo]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of North Macedonia]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Serbia]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Slovenia]]
[[Category:Six-Day War]]
[[Category:Diesel–electric locomotives of Montenegro]]
[[Category:Metre-gauge diesel locomotives]]
[[Category:5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Egypt]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Israel]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Mexico]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Croatia]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Serbia]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of North Macedonia]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Slovenia]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Kosovo]]