View source for Duke of Lennox

{{Short description|Title created several times in the peerage of Scotland}}
{{about|the Dukedom of Lennox|the 11th and present Duke of Lennox|Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{refimprove|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Dukedom of Lennox<br /><small>''held with''</small><br />Dukedom of Richmond, Dukedom of Gordon 
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|150px|center]][[File:Duke_of_Richmond_CoA.svg|180px]] 
| image_size        =  
| alt               = 
| caption           = Arms of the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon
| creation_date     = 1581 <small>(first creation)</small><br />1675 <small>(second creation)</small> 
| creation          =  
| monarch           = [[James VI]]<small> (first creation)</small><br />[[Charles II of England|Charles II]]<small> (second creation)</small> 
| peerage           = [[Peerage of Scotland]] 
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox]] 
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond]] 
| heir_apparent     = Charles Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara 
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = the 1st Duke's [[heirs male]] [[heirs of the body|of the body]] lawfully begotten 
| subsidiary_titles =  
| status            =  
| extinction_date   = 1672 <small>(first creation)</small> 
| family_seat       = [[Goodwood House]] 
| former_seat       =  
| motto             =  
| footnotes         =  
}}

The title '''Duke of Lennox''' has been created several times in the [[peerage of Scotland]], for Clan [[Stewart of Darnley]]. The dukedom, named for the district of [[Lennox (district)|Lennox]] in [[Dumbarton (district)|Dumbarton]], was first created in 1581, and had formerly been the [[Earldom of Lennox]]. The second duke was made [[Duke of Richmond]]; at his death, the dukedom of Richmond became extinct. The fourth duke was also created Duke of Richmond; at the death of the sixth duke, both dukedoms became extinct. The Dukedom of Richmond and one month later that of Lennox were created in 1675 for [[Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox]], an illegitimate son of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]. The Duke of Richmond and Lennox was created [[Duke of Gordon]] in 1876. Thus, the duke holds four dukedoms (if including [[Aubigny-sur-Nère]]), more than any other person in the realm; or (not counting the putative French title) three, equal since 2022 to [[William, Prince of Wales|Prince William]], Duke of Cornwall, of Rothesay and of Cambridge.

==Dukes of Lennox (1581)==
[[File:Blason Esmé Stuart (1542-1583) 1er Duc de Lennox.svg|right|thumb|180px|Arms of [[Esmé Stuart, 1st Duke of Lennox]]]]
{| style="text-align:center; width:70%" class="wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="background-color: #cbe" |Created by [[James VI of Scotland]]
|-
! style="width:10%%" | # !! style="width:25%" | Name !! Period !! style="width:20%" | Duchess !! style="width:30%" | Notes !! Other titles
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" |
|-
| 1
| '''[[Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox|Esmé Stewart]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esmé Stuart, 1st Duke of Lennox – Mary Queen of Scots |url=https://www.maryqueenofscots.net/peoplelist/esme-stuart-1st-duke-of-lennox/ |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=www.maryqueenofscots.net |language=en-GB}}</ref><br />1542-1583
| 1581-1583
| Catherine de Balsac
| Relative and favourite of [[James VI of Scotland|King James VI]]
| [[Earl of Lennox]]
|-
| 2
| '''[[Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox|Ludovic Stewart]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Duke of Lennox, a preternatural political talent |url=https://news.ku.edu/news/article/2022/03/21/duke-lennox-preternatural-political-talent |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=KU News |language=en}}</ref><br />1574-1624
| 1583-1624
| [[Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond|Lady Frances Howard]]
| Son of the preceding
| [[Duke of Richmond]]<br />[[Earl of Lennox]]<br />[[Earl of Richmond]]
|-
| 3
| '''[[Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox|Esmé Stewart]]'''<br />1579-1624
| 1624
| [[Katherine Clifton, 2nd Baroness Clifton]]
| Brother of the preceding
| [[Earl of Lennox]]<br />[[Earl of March]]
|-
| 4
| '''[[James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond|James Stewart]]'''<br />1612-1655
| 1624-1655
| [[Mary Stewart, Duchess of Richmond|Lady Mary Villiers]]
| Son of the preceding
|rowspan="2"|  [[Duke of Richmond]]<br />[[Earl of Lennox]]<br />[[Earl of March]]<br />[[Baron Clifton]]
|-
| 5
| '''[[Esmé Stewart, 2nd Duke of Richmond|Esmé Stewart]]'''<br />1649-1660
| 1655-1660
| ''unmarried''
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 6
| '''[[Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond|Charles Stewart]]'''<br />1639-1672
| 1660-1672
| Lady Elizabeth Rogers<br />Lady Margaret Banaster<br />[[Frances Stewart, Duchess of Richmond|Frances Stewart]]
| Cousin of the preceding
| [[Duke of Richmond]]<br />[[Earl of Lennox]]<br />[[Earl of March]]<br /> [[Earl of Lichfield]]<br />[[Baron Clifton]]
|-
|}

==Dukes of Lennox (1675)==

{| style="text-align:center; width:70%" class="wikitable"
! colspan="7" style="background-color: #cbe" |Created by [[Charles II of Scotland]]
|-
! style="width:10%%" | # !! style="width:25%" | Name !! Period !! style="width:20%" | Duchess !! style="width:30%" | Notes !! Other titles
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" |
|-
| 1
| '''[[Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox]]'''<br />1672-1723
| 1675-1723
| [[Anne Lennox, Duchess of Richmond|Lady Anne Brudenell]]
| Extramarital son of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]
|rowspan="5"| [[Duke of Richmond]]<br />[[Earl of March]]<br />[[Earl of Darnley]]<br />Baron of Settrington<br />Lord of Torboulton
|-
| 2
| '''[[Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox]]'''<br />1701-1750
| 1723-1750
| [[Sarah Lennox, Duchess of Richmond and Lennox|Lady Sarah Cadogan]]
| Son of the preceding
|- 
| 3
| '''[[Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox]]'''<br />1735-1806
| 1750-1806
| Lady Mary Bruce
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 4
| '''[[Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox]]'''<br />1764-1819
| 1806-1819
| [[Charlotte Lennox, Duchess of Richmond|Lady Charlotte Gordon]]
| Nephew of the preceding
|-
| 5
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1791-1860
| 1819-1860
| Lady Caroline Paget
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 6
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1818-1903
| 1860-1903
| Lady Frances Greville
| Son of the preceding
|rowspan="6"| Duke of Richmond<br />[[Duke of Gordon]]<br />Earl of March<br />Earl of Darnley<br />Earl of Kinrara<br />Baron of Settrington<br />Lord of Torboulton
|-
| 7
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 7th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1845-1928
| 1903-1928
| ''widowed''
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 8
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 8th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1870-1935
| 1928-1935
| [[Hilda Gordon-Lennox, Duchess of Richmond|Hilda Brassey]]
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 9
| '''[[Frederick Gordon-Lennox, 9th Duke of Richmond|Frederick Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1904-1989
| 1935-1989
| Elizabeth Hudson
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 10
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />1929-2017
| 1989-2017
| Susan Grenville-Grey
| Son of the preceding
|-
| 11
| '''[[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond|Charles Gordon-Lennox]]'''<br />b. 1955
| since 2017
| Janet Elizabeth Astor 
| Son of the preceding
|}

The heir apparent is Charles Gordon-Lennox (b. 1994), eldest son of the 11th Duke.

==Family tree==
{{Dukes of Lennox, Richmond, and Gordon family tree}}

==See also==
*[[Duke of Richmond and Lennox]]
*[[Duke of Richmond]]
*[[Duke of Gordon]]
*[[Duke of Aubigny]]
*[[Earl of Lennox]]
*[[Stewart of Darnley]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Lennox |volume=16 |pages=419–420}}

{{Extant British dukedoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lennox}}
[[Category:Dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1675]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1581]]
[[Category:1581 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:Dukes of Lennox]]