View source for Duke of Buccleuch

{{short description|Scottish title of nobility}}
{{redirect|Duke of Buccleugh|ships with that name|Duke of Buccleugh (ship)}}
{{about|the Dukedom of Buccleuch|the 10th and present Duke of Buccleuch|Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox hereditary title
| name              = Dukedom of Buccleuch<br/>''<small>held with</small>''<br/>[[Duke of Queensberry|Dukedom of Queensberry]]
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|150px|center]][[File:Arms of the Duke of Buccleuch.svg|180px]]
| image_size        =  
| alt               =  
| caption           = 
| creation_date     = 1663 
| creation          =  
| monarch           = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] 
| peerage           = [[Peerage of Scotland]] 
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[James_Scott,_1st_Duke_of_Monmouth|James Scott]] 
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch|Richard Scott, 10th Duke]] 
| heir_apparent     = Walter Scott, Earl of Dalkeith 
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = the 1st Duke's [[heirs male]] [[heirs of the body|of the body]] lawfully begotten 
| subsidiary_titles = Marquess of Dumfriesshire<br/>Earl of Buccleuch<br/>Earl of Dalkeith<br/>Earl of Doncaster<br/>Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar<br/>Viscount of Nith, Tortholwald and Ross<br/>Baron Scott of Tindale<br/>Lord Scott of Buccleuch<br/>Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdaill<br/>Lord Douglas of Kilmount, Middlebie and Dornock 
| status            =  
| extinction_date   =  
| family_seat       = [[Bowhill House]]<br/>[[Drumlanrig Castle]]<br/>[[Boughton House]]<br/>[[Eildon Hall (Scottish Borders)]]<br/>[[Dalkeith Palace]]*
| former_seat       = [[Montagu House, Whitehall|Montagu House]] 
| motto             = ''Amo'' ("I love")<ref>{{cite book|last1=Berry|first1=William|last2=Glover|first2=Robert|title=Encyclopædia Heraldica: Or, Complete Dictionary of Heraldry|publisher=Published by the author.|date=1828|page=460|url=https://archive.org/details/b28745243_0003|language=en}}</ref> 
| footnotes         =  <nowiki>*</nowiki>Dalkeith Palace remains in the ownership of the Dukes, but is not presently inhabited by them or their family.
}}

'''Duke of Buccleuch''' ({{IPAc-en|b|ə|ˈ|k|l|uː}} {{Respell|bə|KLOO}}), formerly also spelt '''Duke of Buccleugh''', is a title in the [[Peerage of Scotland]] created twice on 20 April 1663, first for [[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth]], and second ''[[suo jure]]'' for his wife [[Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch|Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch]]. Monmouth, the eldest illegitimate son of [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]], was [[attainder|attainted]] after [[Monmouth Rebellion| rebelling]] against his uncle [[James II of England|King James II and VII]], but his wife's title was unaffected and passed on to their descendants, who have successively borne the surnames ''Scott'', ''Montagu-Scott'', ''Montagu Douglas Scott'' and ''Scott'' again.  In 1810, [[Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch|the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch]] inherited the '''[[Duke of Queensberry|Dukedom of Queensberry]]''', also in the [[Peerage of Scotland]], thus separating that title from the [[Marquess of Queensberry|Marquessate of Queensberry]]. 

The substantial origin of the ducal house of the Scotts of Buccleuch dates back to the large grants of lands in [[Scotland]] to Sir Walter Scott of Kirkurd and Buccleuch, a border chief, by [[James II of Scotland|King James II]], in consequence of the fall of [[William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas|the 8th Earl of Douglas]] (1452), but the family traced their descent back to a Sir Richard le Scott (1240–1285). [[Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch|Sir Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch]] (died 1552) distinguished himself at the [[Battle of Pinkie Cleugh]] (1547). His great-grandson [[Walter Scott, 1st Lord Scott of Buccleuch|Sir Walter]] was created '''Lord Scott of Buccleuch''' in 1606.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Buccleuch, Dukes of|volume=4|page=712}}</ref>

Other subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Buccleuch are: '''Earl of Buccleuch''' (1619), '''Earl of Dalkeith''' (1663) and '''Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdaill''' (1619) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Duke also holds the two subsidiary titles of the attainted [[Duke of Monmouth|Dukedom of Monmouth]], namely '''Earl of Doncaster''' (1663) and '''Baron Scott of Tindale''' (1663) (both in the Peerage of England), and several subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Queensberry, namely '''Marquess of Dumfriesshire''' (1683), '''Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar''' (1682), '''Viscount of Nith, Tortholwald and Ross''' (1682) and '''Lord Douglas of Kilmount, Middlebie and Dornock''' (1682) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Earldom of Doncaster and Barony of Scott of Tindale had been forfeit at the time of the first Duke's attainder, but the titles were restored to the 2nd Duke of Buccleuch in 1742. Until 1835, the Dukes also held lands in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the ancient title of [[Lord of Bowland]]. The Duke of Buccleuch is the hereditary [[Scottish clan chief|chief]] of [[Clan Scott]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clanchiefs.org/about/requirements-for-recognition |title=Requirements for recognition |website=The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120807201956/http://www.clanchiefs.org/about/requirements-for-recognition |archive-date=7 August 2012 }}</ref> The holder is one of only five people in the UK to hold two or more different dukedoms, the others being the [[Duke of Cornwall]], [[Duke of Rothesay|Rothesay]], and [[Duke of Cambridge|Cambridge]] (all currently held by the [[William, Prince of Wales|Prince of Wales]]), the [[Duke of Hamilton|Duke of Hamilton and Brandon]], the [[Duke of Argyll]] (who holds two dukedoms named Argyll), and the [[Duke of Richmond and Lennox|Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon]]. 

The [[courtesy title]] used by the Duke's eldest son and heir is ''Earl of Dalkeith''; and that of Lord Dalkeith's eldest son and heir is ''Lord Eskdaill''.

The novelist Sir [[Walter Scott]], Bart., was directly descended of the Lords of Buccleuch.  His family history, fancifully interpreted, is the main subject of much of ''[[The Lay of the Last Minstrel]]''.

The current Duke of Buccleuch, [[Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch|Richard Scott, the 10th Duke]], is one of the largest private landowners in Scotland with some 200,000 acres (over 80,000 hectares)<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-47963208 ''Who owns Scotland? The changing face of Scotland's landowners''], Andrew Picken & Stuart Nicolson, BBC Scotland News, published 21 May 2019</ref><ref name=Herald>{{cite news|last1=Ross|first1=David|title=Questions raised over land swap deal with billionaire|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/home-news/questions-raised-over-land-swap-deal-with-billionaire.21266380|access-date=12 January 2015|work=The Herald|date=5 June 2013}}</ref> and chairman of the Buccleuch Group, a holding company with interests in commercial property, rural affairs, food, and beverages. The title originally comes from a holding in the [[Scottish Borders]], near [[Selkirk, Scottish Borders|Selkirk]].

The [[family seat]]s are [[Bowhill House]], three miles from Selkirk, representing the Scott line; [[Drumlanrig Castle]] in [[Dumfries and Galloway]], representing the Douglas line; and [[Boughton House]] in Northamptonshire, England, representing the Montagu line. These three houses are still lived in by the family and are also open to the public. The family also owns [[Dalkeith Palace]] in Midlothian, which is let, and has owned several other country houses and castles in the past. Its historic London residence was [[Montagu House, Whitehall]], now demolished and replaced by the [[Ministry of Defence Main Building (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]].

William Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith, who became the 7th Duke of Buccleuch was elected President of St. Andrew's Ambulance Association in 1908. The Presidency of the Association (now St Andrew's First Aid) has been held by the Buccleuch family from that date.

[[Sarah, Duchess of York]], former wife of [[Prince Andrew, Duke of York]], is a great-great-granddaughter of the [[William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch|6th Duke of Buccleuch]]. 

The [[John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch|7th Duke of Buccleuch]] had a daughter, [[Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester|Alice]], who [[Wedding of Prince Henry and Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott|married]] [[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester]] (third son of [[George V|King George V]] and uncle of [[Queen Elizabeth II]]) in 1935, becoming a member of the [[British royal family|British Royal Family]]. [[Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester]] and [[Prince William of Gloucester]] are grandsons of the 7th Duke of Buccleuch.

Most of the Dukes of Buccleuch (the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th) are buried in the Buccleuch Memorial Chapel in St. Mary's [[Scottish Episcopal Church|Episcopal Church]], [[Dalkeith]], Midlothian. The 2nd Duke (died 1751) is buried in [[Eton College]] Chapel. The most recent Dukes (the 8th and 9th) are buried among the ruins of [[Melrose Abbey]] in [[Melrose, Scottish Borders|Melrose]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.clanscottscotland.com/st-marys-episcopal-chapel/4593155368 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109163557/http://www.clanscottscotland.com/st-marys-episcopal-chapel/4593155368 | url-status=usurped | archive-date=9 January 2017 | title=St Mary's Episcopal Chapel - Clan Scott Scotland}}</ref>

Dukes of Buccleuch are invariably granted the honour of Knight of the [[Order of the Thistle]].<ref>[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmselect/cmpubadm/212/212we68.htm Annex 1]</ref>

==[[Scottish feudal barony|Feudal barons]] of [[Buccleuch, Scottish Borders|Buccleuch]] (1488)==
*David Scott, 1st of Buccleuch (died {{circa|1491/2}})
*Walter Scott, 2nd of Buccleuch (died {{circa|lk=no|1504}})
*[[Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch]], 3rd of Buccleuch (died 1552)
*[[Walter Scott, 4th of Buccleuch]] ({{circa|lk=no|1549}}–1574)
*[[Walter Scott, 1st Lord Scott of Buccleuch|Walter Scott, 5th of Buccleuch]] (1565–1611) (created '''Lord Scott of Buccleuch''' in 1606)

==Lords Scott of Buccleuch (1606)==
*[[Walter Scott, 1st Lord Scott of Buccleuch]] (1565–1611), son of the 4th Baron
*[[Walter Scott, 1st Earl of Buccleuch|Walter Scott, 2nd Lord Scott of Buccleuch]] (died 1633) (created '''Earl of Buccleuch''' in 1619)

==Earls of Buccleuch (1619)==
*[[Walter Scott, 1st Earl of Buccleuch]] (died 1633)
*[[Francis Scott, 2nd Earl of Buccleuch]] (1626–1651)
*[[Mary Scott, 3rd Countess of Buccleuch]] (1647–1661)
*[[Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch|Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch]] (1651–1732) was created '''Duchess of Buccleuch''' in 1663

==Dukes of Buccleuch, first creation (1663)==
*[[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth]], 1st Duke of Buccleuch (1649–1685) was executed for the [[Monmouth Rebellion]] and his honours forfeit

==Dukes of Buccleuch, second creation (1663)==
*[[Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch]] (1651–1732)
*[[Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch]] (1695–1751)
*[[Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch]], 5th Duke of Queensberry (1746–1812) (succeeded as '''[[Duke of Queensberry]]''')
*[[Charles Montagu-Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch|Charles William Henry Montagu Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch]], 6th Duke of Queensberry (1772–1819), second son of the 3rd Duke
*[[Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch|Walter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch]], 7th Duke of Queensberry (1806–1884)
*[[William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch|William Henry Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch]], 8th Duke of Queensberry (1831–1914)
*[[John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch|John Charles Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch]], 9th Duke of Queensberry (1864–1935)
*[[Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch|Walter John Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch]], 10th Duke of Queensberry (1894–1973)
*[[John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch|Walter Francis John Montagu Douglas Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch]], 11th Duke of Queensberry (1923–2007)
*[[Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch|Richard Walter John Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch]], 12th Duke of Queensberry (b. 1954)

The [[heir apparent]] is the present holder's son Walter John Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (b. 1984)<br>
The heir apparent's heir apparent is his son, Willoughby Ralph Montagu Douglas Scott, Lord Eskdaill (b. 2016)

{{Collapse top|title={{small|Line of succession (simplified)}}}}
{{tree list}}
*[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] ''Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry (1806–1884)''
**[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] ''William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch, 8th Duke of Queensberry (1831–1914)''
***[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] ''John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch, 9th Duke of Queensberry (1864–1935)''
****[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] ''Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch, 10th Duke of Queensberry (1894–1973)''
*****[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] ''John Montagu Douglas Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, 11th Duke of Queensberry (1923–2007)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|35px]] '''Richard Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch, 12th Duke of Queensberry''' (b. 1954)
*******'''(1).''' Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (b. 1984)
********'''(2).''' Willoughby Montagu Douglas Scott, Lord Eskdaill (b. 2016)
*******'''(3).'''  Lord Charles David Peter Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1987)
********'''(4).''' Rufus Peter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2017)
********'''(5).''' Wilfred Richard Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2019)
********'''(6).''' Milo William Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2022)
******'''(7).''' Lord William Henry John Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1957)
******'''(8).''' Lord Damian Torquil Francis Charles Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1970)
*******'''(9).''' Alexander Edward James Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2002) 
*******'''(10).''' Orlando John Sebastian Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2009) 
****''[[Lord William Montagu-Douglas-Scott]] (1896–1958)''
*****male issue in line
***''[[Lord George Scott|Lord George William Montagu Douglas Scott]] (1866–1947)''
****''John Henry Montagu Douglas Scott (1911–1991)''
*****male issue in line
****''Claud Everard Walter Montagu Douglas Scott (1915–1994)''
*****male issue in line
***''[[Lord Herbert Scott|Lord Herbert Andrew Montagu Douglas Scott]] (1872–1943)''
****''[[Andrew Montagu Douglas Scott]] (1906–1971)''
*****male issue in line
**[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|35px]] ''[[Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Beaulieu]] (1832–1905)''
***''[[Baron Montagu of Beaulieu|Barons Montagu of Beaulieu]]''

{{tree list/end}}
<ref>{{cite book |year=1999 |chapter=Buccleuch and Queensberry |editor1-last=Mosley |editor1-first=Charles |title=Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage|volume=1 |edition=106th |location=Crans, Switzerland |publisher=Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. |publication-date= |pages=409–412|no-pp= |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=2-940085-02-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Buccleuch and Queensberry |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=692–697 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref>
{{collapse bottom}}

==Coats of arms==
<gallery>
File:Arms of the house of Scott of Buccleuch.svg|Ancestral Scott arms: ''Or on a bend azure a mullet of six points between two crescents of the field''<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/scotspeeragefoun02pauluoft#page/249/mode/1up ''Scots Peerage'', p. 249]</ref>
File:Arms of the 1st and 2nd Dukes of Buccleuch.svg|Arms of the 1st Duke of Monmouth & Buccleuch
File:Arms of Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch.svg |Arms of the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch
File:Arms of Charles Montagu-Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch.svg|Arms of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch
File:Arms of Sir Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch.svg|Arms of the 5th Duke of Buccleuch
File:Arms of the Duke of Buccleuch.svg|Arms of the 8th to 10th Duke of Buccleuch<ref>[http://www.scotarmigers.net/ssagallery/displayimage.php?album=2&pos=2 scotarmigers.net]</ref>
</gallery>

{{Emblem table
| name =  the Duke of Buccleuch 
| image = {{center|[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|130px|center]][[File:Arms of the Duke of Buccleuch.svg|150px]]}}
| imagesize = 
| notes = 
| year_adopted = 1935
| coronet = [[Coronet#British coronet rankings|A coronet of a Duke]]
| crest = A Stag trippant proper armed and attired Or
| torse = 
| helm = 
| escutcheon =  ''Quarterly: 1st grandquarter for the Earldom of Doncaster: the arms of King Charles II debruised by a Baton Sinister Argent; 2nd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Argyll: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Gyronny of eight Or and Sable ''(Campbell)''; 2nd and 3rd: Argent a Lymphad sails furled Sable flags and pennons flying Gules and oars in action of the second ''(Lorne)''; 3rd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Queensberry: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Argent a Heart Gules crowned with an Imperial Crown Or on a Chief Azure three Mullets of the field ''(Douglas)''; 2nd and 3rd, Azure a Bend between six Cross Crosslets fitchée Or ''(Mar)''; the whole of this grandquarter within a Bordure Or charged with a double Tressure flory-counter-flory Gules; 4th grandquarter for the Dukedom of Montagu: quarterly, 1st: Argent three Fusils conjoined in fess Gules a Bordure Sable ''(Montagu)''; 2nd: Or an Eagle displayed Vert beaked and membered Gules ''(Monthermer)''; 3rd: Sable a Lion rampant Argent on a Canton of the last a Cross Gules ''(Churchill)''; 4th: Argent a Chevron Gules between three Caps of Maintenance their fronts turned to the sinister Azure furred Ermine ''(Brudenell)''; over the grandquarters at the fess point an Inescutcheon Or on a Bend Azure a Mullet of six points between two Crescents of the field ''(Scott)''.''
| supporters = On either side a Female Figure proper habited from the waist downwards in a Kirtle Azure gathered up at the knees the arms and bosom uncovered around the shoulders a Flowing Mantle as before suspended by the exterior hand girdle and sandals Gules and her head adorned with a Plume of three Ostrich Feathers Argent
| compartment = 
| motto = ''Amo'' ("I Love")
| orders = 
| other_elements = 
| bannerimage = 
| banner = 
| badgeimage = 
| badge = 
| symbolism = 
| previous_versions = 
}}

==Family tree==
{{Dukes of Buccleuch and Queensbury family tree}}

==In media==
*Nick Carraway, the narrator of [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]]'s ''[[The Great Gatsby]]'', says his family has "a tradition that we're descended from the Dukes of Buccleuch", but then points out that this is not true.

==See also==

*[[Buccleuch, Scottish Borders]]
*[[Clan Douglas]]
*[[Clan Scott]]
*[[Clan Stewart]] as they are descendants of the Duke of Monmouth, the eldest illegitimate son of King Charles II
*{{ship||Duke of Buccleugh|ship}} – several ships with that name

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Attribution===
*{{cite book |last=Kidd |first=Charles |date=1903 |title=Debrett's peerage, baronetage, knightage, and companionage |url=https://archive.org/details/b24883797/page/178 |location=London |publisher=London: Dean & son, limited | page=178}}
*{{cite book |last=Hesilrige |first=Arthur G. M. |date=1921| title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy| url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/146 | location=London |publisher=London: Dean & son, limited|page=146}}

==External links==
*[http://www.buccleuch.com/ Buccleuch Estates]
* [http://www.bowhillhouse.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Montagu-Douglas-Scotts-Family-Tree-PDF.pdf Montagu-Douglas-Scott Family Tree] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214174923/http://www.bowhillhouse.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Montagu-Douglas-Scotts-Family-Tree-PDF.pdf |date=14 February 2016 }}

{{Extant British dukedoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Buccleuch}}
[[Category:Dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland]]
[[Category:Lists of Scottish people]]
[[Category:Society of Scotland]]
[[Category:Dumfries and Galloway]]
[[Category:Clan Scott|*]]
[[Category:British landowners]]
[[Category:Forfeited dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1663]]
[[Category:Dukes of Buccleuch| ]]