View source for Direct-controlled municipality

{{Short description|City classification used by several states for cities under direct government of the state}}
{{one source|date=April 2020}}

A '''direct-controlled municipality''' is the highest level classification for [[city|cities]] used by [[unitary state]]s, with status equal to that of the provinces in the respective countries. A direct-controlled municipality is similar to, but not the same as, a [[federal district]], a common designation in various countries for a municipality that is not part of any state, and which usually hosts some governmental functions. Usually direct-controlled municipality are under central government control with limited power. In some cases, a similar term in [[Federation|federal states]] is the [[federal city]]. 

Many countries have adopted this system with some different variations. Geographically and culturally, many of the municipalities are [[enclave and exclave|enclaves]] in the middle of provinces. Some occur in strategic positions in between provinces.

{|class=wikitable
!Country!!Municipalities!!Main article
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|{{BLR}}||[[Minsk]]||
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|{{KHM}}||[[Kep Province|Kep]], [[Pailin]], [[Phnom Penh]], [[Sihanoukville (city)|Sihanoukville]]||
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|{{flag|PRC|name=China (PRC)}}||[[Beijing]], [[Chongqing]], [[Shanghai]], [[Tianjin]]||[[Direct-administered municipalities of China]]
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|{{KAZ}}||[[Almaty]], [[Astana]], [[Baikonur]], [[Shymkent]]||
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|{{PRK}}||[[Pyongyang]], [[Nampho]], [[Rason]], [[Kaesong]]||[[Special cities of North Korea]]
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|{{KOR}} (until 1995)<ref>[https://www.law.go.kr/법령/지방자치법/(04789,19941220) 지방자치법] <법률 제4789호, 1994.12.20.> 제2조 (지방자치단체의 종류)</ref>||[[Seoul]], [[Busan]], [[Daegu]], [[Incheon]], [[Gwangju]], [[Daejeon]], [[Ulsan]], [[Sejong City|Sejong]]||[[Special cities of South Korea]]
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|{{KGZ}}||[[Bishkek]], [[Osh]]||
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|{{LAO}}||[[Vientiane]]||
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|{{MDA}}||[[Chişinău]], [[Bălți]], [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]]||
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|{{MNG}}||[[Ulaanbaatar]]||
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|{{PHI}}||<small>'''Highly urbanized cities:''' [[Manila]], [[Angeles City]], [[Bacolod]], [[Baguio]], [[Butuan]], [[Cagayan de Oro]], [[Caloocan]], [[Cebu City]], [[Davao City]], [[General Santos]], [[Iligan]], [[Iloilo City]], [[Lapu-Lapu, Philippines|Lapu-Lapu]], [[Las Piñas]], [[Lucena, Philippines|Lucena]], [[Makati]], [[Malabon]], [[Mandaluyong]], [[Mandaue]], [[Marikina]], [[Muntinlupa]],  [[Navotas]], [[Olongapo]], [[Parañaque]], [[Pasay]], [[Pasig]], [[Puerto Princesa]], [[Quezon City]], [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]], [[Tacloban]], [[Taguig]], [[Valenzuela, Metro Manila|Valenzuela]], [[Zamboanga City]]; <br>'''Independent component cities:''' [[Cotabato City]], [[Dagupan]], [[Naga, Camarines Sur|Naga]], [[Ormoc]], [[Santiago, Isabela|Santiago]]<br>'''Independent municipality:''' [[Pateros]]</small> ||[[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|Cities of the Philippines § Independent cities]]
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|{{flag|TW|name=Taiwan (ROC)}}||[[Taipei]],<ref>Taipei City Government, ''Taipei Yearbook'' (2008).</ref> [[Kaohsiung]], [[New Taipei City|New Taipei]], [[Taichung]], [[Tainan]], [[Taoyuan City|Taoyuan]]||[[Special municipality (Taiwan)]]
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|{{TKM}}||[[Ashgabat]]||
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|{{UKR}}||[[Kyiv]], [[Sevastopol]] <small>(disputed)</small>||
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|{{UZB}}||[[Tashkent]]||
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|{{VIE}}||[[Hanoi]], [[Ho Chi Minh City]], [[Haiphong]], [[Da Nang]], [[Cần Thơ]], [[Huế]]||[[Municipalities of Vietnam]]
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[Independent city]]
* [[Federal city]]
* [[Capital city|Metropolitan Capitalism]] (Capital City)
* [[Federal district]]
* [[Federal territory]]

{{Terms for types of administrative territorial entities}}

[[Category:Municipalities]]
[[Category:Types of administrative division]]
[[Category:Independent cities|  ]]