View source for Dimitrie Sturdza

{{Short description|Romanian statesman and author}}
{{Distinguish|Dimitri Sturdza}}
[[Image:Sturdza.jpg|thumb|200px|Dimitrie Sturdza]]
'''Prince Dimitrie Sturdza''' ({{IPA|ro|diˈmitri.e ˈsturza|-|Ro-Dimitrie Sturdza.ogg}}, in full '''Prince Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclăușanu'''; 10 March 1833{{snd}}21 October 1914) was a [[Romania]]n statesman and author of the late 19th century, and president of the [[Romanian Academy]] between 1882 and 1884. He is an aristocrat and member of the [[Sturdza family|House of Sturdza]].

==Biography==
Born in [[Iași]], [[Principality of Moldavia|Moldavia]], and educated there at the ''[[Academia Mihăileană]]'', he continued his studies in [[German Confederation|Germany]] at [[Munich]], [[Göttingen]], [[Bonn]], and [[Berlin]].<ref name=nie>{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Sturdza, Demeter|year=1905}}</ref> He took part in the political movements of the time.

Sturdza was private secretary to [[Domnitor|Prince]] [[Alexander John Cuza]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Sturdza|display=Sturdza s.v. Demetrius [Dimitrie] Sturdza|first=Moses|last=Gaster|author-link=Moses Gaster}}</ref> He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined [[Ion Brătianu]] and others in the deposition of Cuza and the election of Prince Charles of Hohenzollern (later King [[Carol I of Romania]]).<ref name=nie/> He became a member of the [[Liberalism in Romania|Liberal]] government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.<ref name=nie/>

In 1892 he was elected leader of the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)|National Liberal Party]] in succession to Brătianu, and was four times [[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister]].<ref name="EB1911"/> During his last term in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by [[King of Romania|King]] Carol I to handle the crisis created by the [[1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt|peasants' revolt of March]]. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a [[Nationalism|nationalist]], resentful of "''aliens''"{{sfn|Gaster|1911}} (in line with the anti-[[Jewish]] policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He was responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals [[Moses Gaster]] and [[Lazăr Şăineanu]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.adevarul.ro/cultura/istorie/mosesgaster-figura-nedrept-uitata-1_541326aa0d133766a81476aa/index.html|title = Moses Gaster, o figură pe nedrept uitată}}</ref>

He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on [[Romanian numismatics]]. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by [[Constantin Hurmuzachi]] (30 vols., [[Bucharest]], 1876–1897), and other acts and documents, as well as a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.<ref name="EB1911"/>

His son {{ill|Alexandru D. Sturdza|ro}}, by then a Colonel in the [[Romanian Army]], defected to the [[German Empire|Germans]] in 1916, during [[Romanian Campaign (World War I)|World War I]].

==Works==
* ''La Marche progressive de la Russie sur le Danube'' (1878)
* ''Uebersicht der Münzen und Medaillen des Fürstentums Rumänien'' (1874)
* ''Europa, Russia, Romania'' (1888)
* ''La question des portes de fer et des cataractes du Danube'' (1899)
* ''Charles I., roi de Roumanie'' (1899 et seq.)
* Otu, Petre, Georgescu, Maria: Durchleuchtung eines Verrats. Der Fall des Oberst Alexandru D. Sturdza. Lektor Verlag. Hainburg. 2022. 
==See also==
* [[Sturdza family]]

==Notes==
{{more footnotes|date=February 2014}}
{{reflist}}

==References==
*{{in lang|ro}} [[Ion Luca Caragiale]], ''[http://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Tr%C4%83darea_rom%C3%A2nismului%21_Triumful_str%C4%83inismului%21%21_Consumatum_est%21%21%21 Trădarea românismului! Triumful străinismului!! Consumatum est!!!]'' (a pamphlet of the period, ridiculing the anti-Jewish stance of the Liberal Party)

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{{succession box|
title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister of Romania]]|
years=15 October 1895–2 December 1896|
before=[[Lascăr Catargiu]]|
after=[[Petre S. Aurelian]]
}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister of Romania]] |
years=12 April 1897–23 April 1899|
before=[[Petre S. Aurelian]]|
after=[[Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino|Gheorghe Cantacuzino]]
}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister of Romania]] |
years=27 February 1901–4 January 1906|
before=[[Petre P. Carp]]|
after=[[Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino|Gheorghe Cantacuzino]]
}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister of Romania]] |
years=24 March 1907–9 January 1909|
before=[[Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino|Gheorghe Cantacuzino]]|
after=[[Ion I. C. Brătianu]]
}}
{{s-end}}
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{{First Lascăr Catargiu Cabinet}}
{{Third Ion C. Brătianu Cabinet}}
{{Fourth Ion C. Brătianu Cabinet}}
{{Chairman Senate Romania}}
{{Romanian Academy presidents}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sturdza, Dimitrie}}
[[Category:1833 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:Antisemitism in Romania]]
[[Category:Politicians from Iași]]
[[Category:Sturdza family|Dimitrie]]
[[Category:Chairpersons of the National Liberal Party (Romania)]]
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[[Category:People from the Principality of Moldavia]]
[[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Senate of Romania]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of Romania]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Romanian Academy]]
[[Category:Ministers of public works of Romania]]
[[Category:Sons of princes regnant]]