View source for Development regions of Romania

{{Short description|Overview article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
[[File:Regiuni de dezvoltare.svg|thumb|right|350px|Map of the development regions (NUTS-2 level divisions)]]
[[File:România Macroregiuni.svg|thumb|right|350px|Map of the macroregions (NUTS-1 level divisions)]]

The '''development regions of Romania''' ({{langx|ro|Regiunile de dezvoltare ale României}}) refer to the eight regional divisions created in [[Romania]] in 1998 in order to better co-ordinate regional development as Romania progressed towards accession to the [[European Union]] (EU). The development regions correspond to [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS 2]]-level divisions in [[Member state of the European Union|EU member states]]. Despite becoming increasingly significant in regional development projects, Romania's development regions do not actually have an administrative status and do not have a legislative or executive council or government. Rather, they serve a function for allocating EU [[PHARE]] funds for regional development, as well as for collection of regional statistics. They also co-ordinate a range of regional development projects and became members of the [[Committee of the Regions]] when Romania joined the EU on January 1, 2007.

==List==
There are eight development regions in Romania, which (with the exception of București-Ilfov) are named by their geographical position in the country:
*RO1 – [[Macroregiunea Unu]]:
**[[Nord-Vest (development region)|Nord-Vest]] – RO11; 6 counties; 2,521,793 inhabitants; {{convert|34159|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
**[[Centru (development region)|Centru]] – RO12; 6 counties; 2,271,066 inhabitants; {{convert|34082|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
*RO2 – [[Macroregiunea Doi]]:
**[[Nord-Est (development region)|Nord-Est]] – RO21; 6 counties; 3,226,436 inhabitants; {{convert|36850|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
**[[Sud-Est (development region)|Sud-Est]] – RO22; 6 counties; 2,367,987 inhabitants; {{convert|35762|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
*RO3 – [[Macroregiunea Trei]]:
**[[Sud (development region)|Sud - Muntenia]] – RO31; 7 counties; 2,864,337 inhabitants; {{convert|34489|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
**[[București-Ilfov (development region)|București - Ilfov]] – RO32; 1 county and Bucharest; 2,259,669 inhabitants; {{convert|1811|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
*RO4 – [[Macroregiunea Patru]]:
**[[Sud-Vest (development region)|Sud-Vest Oltenia]] – RO41; 5 counties; 1,873,606 inhabitants; {{convert|29212|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
**[[Vest (development region)|Vest]] – RO42; 4 counties; 1,668,921 inhabitants; {{convert|32028|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
! | No
! | Name
! | Code
! | Area, km<sup>2</sup>
! | Population 
! | Municipalities
! | Other cities
! | Communes
! | Villages
|-
| '''1''' || [[Nord-Est (development region)|Nord-Est]] || RO21 || '''36,850''' || '''3,226,436''' || '''17''' || '''29''' || '''506''' || '''2,414'''
|-
| '''2''' || [[Sud-Est (development region)|Sud-Est]]|| RO22 || '''35,762''' || '''2,367,987''' || '''11''' || '''24''' || '''355''' || '''1,448'''
|-
| '''3''' || [[Sud (development region)|Sud - Muntenia]]|| RO31 || '''34,453''' || '''2,864,337''' || '''16''' || '''32''' || '''519''' || '''2,019'''
|-
| '''4''' || [[Sud-Vest (development region)|Sud-Vest Oltenia]]|| RO41 || '''29,212''' || '''1,873,606''' || '''11''' || '''29''' || '''408''' || '''2,070'''
|-
| '''5''' || [[Vest (development region)|Vest]]|| RO42 || '''32,034''' || '''1,688,921''' || '''12''' || '''30''' || '''281''' || '''1,327'''
|-
| '''6''' || [[Nord-Vest (development region)|Nord-Vest]] || RO11 || '''34,159''' || '''2,521,793''' || '''15''' || '''28''' || '''403''' || '''1,800'''
|-
| '''7''' || [[Centru (development region)|Centru]] || RO12 || '''34,100''' || '''2,271,066''' || '''20''' || '''37''' || '''357''' || '''1,788'''
|-
| '''8''' || [[București-Ilfov (development region)|București - Ilfov]] || RO32 || '''1,821''' || '''2,259,669''' || '''1''' || '''8''' || '''32''' || '''91'''
|-
! colspan=3| '''Total''' || '''238,391''' || '''19,053,815''' || '''103''' || '''217''' || '''2,861''' || '''12,957'''
|}

==Economy==
{| class="wikitable sortable small"
|+[[Gross domestic product]] (GDP) as reported by [[Eurostat]]
!
!colspan=5 style="text-align:center|2006
!colspan=5 style="text-align:center|2016<ref name=eurostat16>{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/8700651/1-28022018-BP-EN/15f5fd90-ce8b-4927-9a3b-07dc255dc42a |title=Statistics |website=ec.europa.eu |access-date=2019-05-17}}</ref>
!2020
!2023
|-
![[Administrative divisions of Romania|Region]]<br /><small>([[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS-3]])</small><br />
!Total<br /><small>(million [[Euro|€]])</small><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00003&plugin=1 |title=Site3-TGM table |publisher=Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu |access-date=2009-07-14}}</ref><br />
!€ per<br />capita<br /><ref name=eurostat06>{{cite web|title=GDP per inhabitant in the EU in 2006|publisher=Europa web portal|author=Eurostat|date=19 February 2009|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_STAT-09-23_en.pdf|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>
!PPP<br /><small>(million €)</small><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00004&plugin=1 |title=Site3-TGM table |publisher=Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu |access-date=2009-07-14}}</ref><br />
!PPP<br /><small>€ per capita</small><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00005&plugin=1 |title=Site3-TGM table |publisher=Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu |access-date=2009-07-14}}</ref><br />
!% of<br />[[Economy of the European Union|EU average]]<br /><small>GDP (PPP)</small><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00006&plugin=1 |title=Site3-TGM table |publisher=Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu |access-date=2009-07-14}}</ref>
!Total<br /><small>(million [[Euro|€]])</small>
!€ per<br />capita
!PPP<br /><small>(million €) <br>in 2014</small><ref name=eurostat14>{{cite web|title=GDP per capita in the EU in 2014|publisher=Europa web portal|author=Eurostat|date=26 February 2016|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/7192292/1-26022016-AP-EN.pdf/602b34e8-abba-439e-b555-4c3cb1dbbe6e|access-date=28 February 2016}}</ref>
!PPP<br /><small>€ per capita</small>
!% of<br />[[Economy of the European Union|EU average]]<br /><small>GDP (PPP)</small>
!% of<br />[[Economy of the European Union|EU average]]<br /><small>GDP per<br> capita</small><ref >{{cite web|title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 2 regions| website=European Commission| access-date=14 May 2023 | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/NAMA_10R_2GDP__custom_3988641/default/table?lang=en}}</ref>
!% of<br />[[Economy of the European Union|EU average]]<br /><small>GDP (PPP)</small><ref>https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/NAMA_10R_2GDP__custom_15492534/default/table?lang=en</ref>
|-
![[Romania]]
!98,419
!4,500
!196,999
!9,200
!38
!169,771
!8,600 
!301,801
!17,000
!58
!72
!78
|-
|[[Nord-Vest (development region)|Nord-Vest]]
|11,675 
|4,200
|23,370
|align=center|8,700
|align=center|36
|19,519
|7,600
|34,001
|align=center|14,300
|align=center|51
|67
|71
|-
|[[Centru (development region)|Centru]]
|11,335 
|4,500 
|22,689
|align=center|9,100
|align=center|37
|18,761
|8,000
|33,349
|align=center|15,800
|align=center|54
|67
|70
|-
|[[Nord-Est (development region)|Nord-Est]]
|10,787
|style="background:#eaa"|2,900
|21,591
|  style="text-align:center; background:#eaa;"|5,900
|  style="text-align:center; background:#eaa;"|24
|17,081
|style="background:#eaa"|5,300
|30,912
|  style="text-align:center; background:#eaa;"|10,400
|  style="text-align:center; background:#eaa;"|36
|46
|47
|-
|[[Sud-Est (development region)|Sud-Est]]
|11,051 
|3,800 
|22,119
|align=center|7,900
|align=center|32
|18,159
|7,400
|34,020
|align=center|14,600
|align=center|52
|58
|61
|-
|[[Sud (development region)|Sud - Muntenia]]
|12,482
|3,800 
|24,985
|align=center|7,700
|align=center|31
|20,583 
|6,800
|36,630
|align=center|14,200
|align=center|46
|55
|60
|-
|[[București-Ilfov (development region)|București - Ilfov]]
|style="background:#ada"|22,946
|style="background:#ada"|9,900
|style="background:#ada"|45,931
|  style="text-align:center; background:#ada;"|21,100 
|  style="text-align:center; background:#ada;"|86
|style="background:#ada"|46 994
|style="background:#ada"|20,500
|style="background:#ada"|81,267
|  style="text-align:center; background:#ada;"|40,400
|  style="text-align:center; background:#ada;"|139
|164
|190
|-
|[[Sud-Vest (development region)|Sud-Vest Oltenia]]
|style="background:#eaa"|8,138
|3,600 
|style="background:#eaa"|16,290
|align=center|7,200
|align=center|29
|style="background:#eaa"|12,451
|6,300
|style="background:#eaa"|22,677
|align=center|12,400
|align=center|42
|56
|62
|-
|[[Vest (development region)|Vest]]
|9,940
|5,300
|19,897
|align=center|10,500
|align=center|43
|16 081 
|8,900
|28,698
|align=center|17,600
|align=center|60
|74
|78
|}

==HDI index==
[[File: NUTS 2 regions of Romania by HDI.svg |thumb|355x355px|Map of Romanian regions by HDI in 2021.<br />
Legend:
{{legend|#00023aff|≥ 0.900}}
{{legend|#000074ff|0.820 – 0.900}}
{{legend|#4769ffff|0.800 – 0.819}}
{{legend|#aabdefff|0.750 - 0.799}}]]

'''List of [[NUTS statistical regions of Romania|NUTS2 statistical regions of Romania]] by [[Human Development Index]]''' as of 2022<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/ROU/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0 |access-date= |website=hdi.globaldatalab.org |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-  
! Rank !! Region !! HDI (2022) 
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#090;" | Very high human development
|-
||1
|[[București - Ilfov]]||0.926

|-
| rowspan="2" |2
|[[Nord-Vest (development region)|Nord-Vest]]
| rowspan="2" |0.831
|-
|[[Vest (development region)|Vest]]
|- style="background:#e6e6e6"
|'''-'''
|'''{{ROU}} (average)'''
|0.827
|-
|4
|[[Centru (development region)|Centru]]
|0.823
|-
|5
|[[Sud-Vest (development region)|Sud-Vest]]
|0.806
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#0c0;" | High human development
|-
|6
|[[Sud-Est (development region)|Sud-Est]]||0.796
|-
| rowspan="2"|7
|[[Sud (development region)|Sud]]|| rowspan="2" |0.785
|-
|[[Nord-Est (development region)|Nord-Est]]
|}

==See also==
{{Politics of Romania}}
*[[Administrative divisions of Romania]]
*[[Region (Europe)]]
*[[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics]]
*[[Historical regions of Romania]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Romanian topics}}
{{NUTS-RO}}

{{Subnational entities by Human Development Index}}
[[Category:Ranked lists of country subdivisions|Romania]]
[[Category:Economy of Romania-related lists|Human Development Index]]
[[Category:Development regions of Romania| ]]
[[Category:Geography of Romania]]
[[Category:Lists of subdivisions of Romania]]