View source for Deseadan

{{Short description|Period of geologic time (29.0–21.0 Ma)}}
The '''Deseadan''' ({{langx|es|Deseadense}}) age is a period of [[geologic time]] (29.0–21.0 [[Mya (unit)|Ma]]) within the [[Oligocene]] epoch of the [[Paleogene]] to the [[Early Miocene]] epoch of the [[Neogene]], used more specifically within the [[South American land mammal age|SALMA classification]] of South America. It follows the [[Tinguirirican]] and precedes the [[Colhuehuapian]] age.<ref>[https://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayInterval&interval_no=731 Paleo Database: Deseadan]</ref>

== Etymology ==
The age is named after the [[Deseado Formation]] of the [[Deseado Massif]] in eastern [[Patagonia]], [[Argentina]].

== Formations ==
{{Location map+ | South America
| relief = 1
| width   = 300
| caption = Locations of Deseadan formations
| places  =
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -35.0
  | lon_deg = -70.4
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Abanico Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -36.6
  | lon_deg = -69.7
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Agua de la Piedra Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = 3.8
  | lon_deg = -75.2
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Barzalosa Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -7.4
  | lon_deg = -75.0
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Chambira Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -14.6
  | lon_deg = -75.6
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Chilcatay Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -1.8
  | lon_deg = -80.8
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Dos Bocas Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -29.8
  | lon_deg = -58.1
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Fray Bentos Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -16.6
  | lon_deg = -67.9
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Lacayani fauna
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -42.8
  | lon_deg = -65.0
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Monte León Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -17.2
  | lon_deg = -71.0
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Moquegua Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -17.6
  | lon_deg = -63.8
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Petaca Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -51.0
  | lon_deg = -72.4
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Río Baguales Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -17.2
  | lon_deg = -67.6
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Salla Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -44.4
  | lon_deg = -68.8
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Sarmiento Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -22.5
  | lon_deg = -45.5
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Tremembé Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -47.9
  | lon_deg = -66.3
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 14
  | link = Deseado Formation
  }}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Formation<br />{{small|bold is type}}
! Country
! Basin
! class=unsortable | Notes
|-
| '''[[Deseado Formation]]''' || {{ARG}} || [[Deseado Massif]] || {{center|<ref name=Agnolin2006_p27>Agnolin, 2006, p.27</ref>}}
|-
| [[Abanico Formation]] || {{CHL}} || [[Abanico Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Godoy2012>Godoy et al., 2012</ref><ref name=Munoz2012>Muñoz et al., 2006</ref>}}
|-
| [[Agua de la Piedra Formation]] || {{ARG}} || [[Precordillera]] || {{center|<ref name=Combina2011_p201>Combina & Nullo, 2011, p.201</ref>}}
|-
| [[Barzalosa Formation]] || {{COL}} || [[Upper Magdalena Valley]] || {{center|<ref name=Acosta2002_p49>Acosta et al., 2002, p.49</ref>}}
|-
| [[Castillo Formation, Venezuela|Castillo Formation]] || {{VEN}} || [[Falcón Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Johnson_p60>Johnson, 2009, p.60</ref>}}
|-
| [[Chambira Formation]] || {{PER}} || [[Ucayali Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=CastroMedina2010_p55>Castro Medina, 2010, p.55</ref>}}
|-
| [[Chilcatay Formation]] || {{PER}} || [[Pisco Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=DelaCruz_p53>De la Cruz, 2008, p.53</ref><ref name=Solis2018_p13>Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.13</ref>}}
|-
| [[Dos Bocas Formation]] || {{ECU}} || [[Progreso Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Lorenzo2018_p41>Lorenzo et al., 2018, p.41</ref>}}
|-
| [[Fray Bentos Formation]] || {{ARG}}<br />{{URU}} || [[Paraná Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Bond1998_p41>Bond et al., 1998, p.42</ref><ref name=Tofalo2009_p680>Tófalo & Morrás, 2009, p.680</ref>}}
|-
| [[Monte León Formation]] || {{ARG}} || [[Magallanes Basin|Austral Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Nanez2009>Náñez et al., 2009</ref><ref name=Perez2010_p52>Pérez Panera, 2010, p.52</ref>}}
|-
| [[Moquegua Formation]] || {{PER}} || [[Moquegua Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Alvan2017_p56>Alván et al., 2017, p.56</ref>}}
|-
| [[Mugrosa Formation]] || {{COL}} || [[Middle Magdalena Valley]] || {{center|<ref name=MemPlancha1192008_p48>Gómez et al., 2008, p.48</ref>}}
|-
| [[Petaca Formation]] || {{BOL}} || [[Subandean Belt]] || {{center|<ref name=Marshall1991_p635>Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.635</ref><ref name=Hernandez2002_p5>Hernández et al., 2002, p.5</ref>}}
|-
| "Puca Group" - [[Lacayani fauna]] || {{BOL}} || [[Subandean Belt]] || {{center|<ref name=Billet2008_p153>Billet et al., 2008, p.153</ref>}}
|-
| [[Río Baguales Formation]] || {{CHL}} || [[Magallanes Basin#Aysén Basin|Aysén Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=LeRoux2010_p332>Le Roux et al., 2010, p.332</ref>}}
|-
| [[Salla Formation]] || {{BOL}} || [[Salla-Luribay Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=MNHN/><ref name=Reguero2005_p674>Reguero & Cerdeño, 2005, p.674</ref>}}
|-
| [[Sarmiento Formation]] || {{ARG}} || [[Golfo San Jorge Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Dozo_p241>Dozo et al., 2014, p.241</ref><ref name=Acosta2005_p128>Acosta & Tambussi, 2005, p.128</ref>}}
|-
| [[Tremembé Formation]]/[[São Paulo Formation]] || {{BRA}} || [[Taubaté Basin]] || {{center|<ref name=Couto_p88>Do Couto Ribeiro, 2010, p.88</ref>}}
|-
|}
{{clear}}

== Fossils ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Group
! Fossils
! Formation
! class=unsortable | Notes
|-
| rowspan=15 | Mammals || ''[[Ancylocoelus|Ancylocoelus frequens]]'', ''[[Ancylocoelus|A. minor]]'', ''[[Archaeohyrax|Archaeohyrax patagonicus]]'', ''[[Archaeutatus|Archaeutatus malaspinensis]]'', ''[[Argyrohyrax|Argyrohyrax proavus]]'', ''[[Asmodeus (mammal)|Asmodeus osborni]]'', ''[[Australohyaena|Australohyaena antiqua]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|Cephalomys arcidens]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|C. plexus]]'', ''[[Chubutomys|Chubutomys simpsoni]]'', ''[[Deseadomys|Deseadomys arambourgi]]'', ''[[Liarthrus|Liarthrus copei]]'', ''[[Litodontomys|Litodontomys chubutensis]]'', ''[[Meteutatus|Meteutatus aff. lagenaformis]]'', ''[[Parastrapotherium|Parastrapotherium holmbergi]]'', ''[[Progaleopithecus|Progaleopithecus tournoueri]]'', ''[[Protosteiromys|Protosteiromys asmeodeophilus]]'', ''[[Protosteiromys|P. medianus]]'', ''[[Prozaedyus|Prozaedyus aff. impressus]]'', ''[[Sallacyon|cf. Sallacyon hoffstetteri]]'', ''[[Scotamys|Scotamys antiquus]]'', ''[[Stenotatus|Stenotatus aff. ornatus]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Astrapotherium|Astrapotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Coresodon|Coresodon sp.]]'', ''[[Deuterotherium|Deuterotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Hegetotherium|Hegetotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Homalodontotherium|Homalodontotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Leontinia|Leontinia sp.]]'', ''[[Nesodon|Nesodon sp.]]'', ''[[Octodontotherium|Octodontotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Trimerostephanos|Trimerostephanos sp.]]'', [[Palaeothentidae|Palaeothentidae indet.]] || [[Deseado Formation|Deseado]] || {{center|<ref name=ForasiepiDeseado2014>Forasiepi et al., 2014</ref><ref name=FWDeseadoLaFlecha>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=50074 La Flecha] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Archaeohyrax|Archaeohyrax suniensis]]'', ''[[Argyrohyrax|Argyrohyrax proavus]]'', ''[[Asmodeus (mammal)|Asmodeus petrasnerus]]'', ''[[Fieratherium|Fieratherium sorex]]'', ''[[Gualta (mammal)|Gualta cuyana]]'', ''[[Hegetotheriopsis|Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus]]'', ''[[Mendozahippus|Mendozahippus fierensis]]'', ''[[Meteutatus|Meteutatus aff. lagenaformis]]'', ''[[Proborhyaena|Proborhyaena gigantea]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium malalhuense]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|P. schiaffinoi]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|P. cf. sculptum]]'', ''[[Propachyrucos|Propachyrucos cf. smithwoodwardi]]'', ''[[Prozaedyus|?Prozaedyus aff. impressus]]'', ''[[Pyrotherium|Pyrotherium romeroi]]'', ''[[Stenotatus|Stenotatus aff. ornatus]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus cf. spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Archaeotypotherium|cf. Archaeotypotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Pharsophorus|Pharsophorus sp.]]'', ''[[Proadinotherium|Proadinotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Progaleopithecus|Progaleopithecus sp.]]'', ''[[Prosotherium|cf. Prosotherium sp.]]'', [[Acaremyidae|Acaremyidae indet.]], [[Glyptodontidae|Glyptodontidae indet.]], [[Interatheriidae|Interatheriidae indet.]], [[Litopterna|Litopterna indet.]], [[Megalonychidae|?Megalonychidae indet.]], [[Notohippidae|Notohippidae indet.]], [[Toxodontidae|Toxodontidae indet.]] || [[Agua de la Piedra Formation|Agua de la<br />Piedra]] || {{center|<ref name=CerdenoReguero2015>Cerdeño & Reguero, 2015</ref><br /><ref name=Seoane2014>Seoane & Cerdeño, 2014</ref><ref name=CerdenoVera2014>Cerdeño & Vera, 2014</ref><br /><ref name=FWQuebradaFiera>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176466 Quebrada Fiera] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Lophiodolodus|Lophiodolodus chaparralensis]]'', ''[[Xenastrapotherium|Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis]]'', ''[[Proadinotherium|Proadinotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Protheosodon|Protheosodon sp.]]'', [[Astrapotheriidae|Astrapotheriidae indet.]] || [[Barzalosa Formation|Barzalosa]] || {{center|<ref name=FWBarzalosa>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=133440 Chaparral Alto José] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Canaanimico|Canaanimico amazonensis]]'', ''[[Chambiramys|Chambiramys shipiborum]]'', ''[[Chambiramys|C. sylvaticus]]'', ''[[Deseadomys|Deseadomys cf. arambourgi]]'', ''[[Loretomys|Loretomys minutus]]'', ''[[Palaeosteiromys|Palaeosteiromys amazonensis]]'', ''[[Plesiosteiromys|Plesiosteiromys newelli]]'', ''[[Maquiamyx|Maquiamys praecursor]]'', ''[[Ucayalimys|Ucayalimys crassidens]]'', ''[[Abderites (mammal)|Abderites sp.]]'', ''[[Eosallamys|aff. Eosallamys sp.]]'', ''[[Neoglyptatelus|cf. Neoglyptatelus sp.]]'', [[Adelphomyinae|Adelphomyinae indet.]], [[Anthropoidea|Anthropoidea indet.]], [[Astrapotheriidae|Astrapotheriidae indet.]], [[Caenolestidae|?Caenolestidae indet.]], [[Caviomorpha|Caviomorpha indet.]], [[Chinchilloidea|?Chinchilloidea indet.]], [[Emballonuridae|Emballonuridae indet.]], [[Erethizontoidea|?Erethizontoidea indet.]],  [[Herpetotheriidae|?Herpetotheriidae indet.]], [[Interatheriinae|Interatheriinae indet]], [[Litopterna|Litopterna indet.]], [[Marsupialia|Marsupialia indet.]], [[Microbiotheria|Microbiotheria indet.]], [[Mylodontidae|Mylodontidae indet.]], [[Mylodontoidea|Mylodontoidea indet.]], [[Notoungulata|Notoungulata indet.]], [[Octodontoidea|Octodontoidea indet.]], [[Palaeothentidae|?Palaeothentidae indet.]], [[Pampatheriidae|Pampatheriidae indet.]], [[Rhinolophoidea|?Rhinolophoidea indet.]], [[Tolypeutinae|Tolypeutinae indet.]], [[Toxodontidae|Toxodontidae indet.]], [[Typotheria|Typotheria indet.]], [[Vespertilionoidea|Vespertilionoidea indet.]] || [[Chambira Formation|Chambira]] || {{center|<ref name=Boivin2019>Boivin et al., 2019</ref><br /><ref name=Marivauxetal2016>Marivaux et al., 2016</ref><ref name=Boivinetal2016>Boivin et al., 2016</ref><br /><ref name=FWChambira61>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176147 CTA-61] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWChambira32>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176130 CTA-32] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Chilcacetus|Chilcacetus cavirhinus]]'', ''[[Huaridelphis|Huaridelphis raimondii]]'', ''[[Incacetus|Incacetus broggii]]'', ''[[Macrosqualodelphis|Macrosqualodelphis ukupachai]]'', ''[[Notocetus|Notocetus vanbenedeni]]'', ''[[Kentriodon|cf. Kentriodon sp.]]'', [[Cetotheriidae|Cetotheriidae indet.]], [[Eurhinodelphinidae|Eurhinodelphinidae indet.]], [[Mysticeti|Mysticeti indet.]], [[Odontoceti|Odontoceti indet.]], [[Pinnipedia|Pinnipedia indet.]], [[Physeteroidea|Physeteroidea indet.]], [[Squalodelphinidae|Squalodelphinidae indet.]] || [[Chilcatay Formation|Chilcatay]] || {{center|<ref name=Bianucci2018>Bianucci et al., 2018</ref><ref name=LambertHuaridelphis2014>Lambert et al., 2014</ref><br /><ref name=FWUllujaya1>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=124919 Ullujaya] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWUllujaya2>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=167732 Ullujaya 2] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWChilcataySantaRosa>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=45484 Santa Rosa] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWChilcatayZamaca>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=100330 Zamaca] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Urkudelphis|Urkudelphis chawpipacha]]'' || [[Dos Bocas Formation|Dos Bocas]] || {{center|<ref name=Tanaka2017_p3>Tanaka et al., 2017, p.3</ref><ref>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=364624 ''Urkudelphis''] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Dasypodon|Dasypodon atavus]]'', ''[[Eopachyrucos|Eopachyrucos ranchoverdensis]]'', ''[[Fiandraia|Fiandraia romeii]]'', ''[[Palaeopeltis|Palaeopeltis inornatus]]'', ''[[Palmiramys|Palmiramys waltheri]]'', ''[[Proborhyaena|Proborhyaena cf. gigantea]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi]]'', ''[[Proterotherium|Proterotherium berroi]]'', ''[[Pseudohegetotherium|Pseudohegetotherium palmirense]]'', ''[[Scarrittia|Scarrittia robusta]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Urotherium|Urotherium interundatum]]'', ''[[Uruguaytherium|Uruguaytherium beaulieui]]'', ''[[Argyrohyrax|Argyrohyrax sp.]]'', ''[[Berthawyleria|Berthawyleria sp.]]'', ''[[Cephalomyopsis|Cephalomyopsis sp.]]'', ''[[Doellotatus|Doellotatus sp.]]'', ''[[Eoviscaccia|Eoviscaccia sp.]]'', ''[[Hegetotherium|Hegetotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Protypotherium|Protypotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Scelidodon|?Scelidodon sp.]]'', ''[[Vassallia|?Vassallia sp.]]'', [[Archaeohyracidae|Archaeohyracidae indet.]], [[Dasypodidae|Dasypodidae indet.]], [[Euphractini|Euphractini indet.]], [[Glyptatelinae|Glyptatelinae indet.]], [[Interatheriinae|Interatheriinae indet.]], [[Leontiniidae|Leontiniidae indet.]], [[Machlydotherium|Machlydotherium indet.]], [[Trachytheriinae|Trachytheriinae indet.]] || [[Fray Bentos Formation|Fray&nbsp;Bentos]] || {{center|<ref name=FWPlayaDeLaAgraciada>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176486 Playa de la Agraciada] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWArroyoCastillo>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176650 Arroyo Castillo] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWFrayBentosRioCorrientes>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=181625 Río Corrientes] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWFrayBentosArroyoMariaGrande>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=181626 Arroyo María Grande] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWArroyoAvalos>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=181627 Arroyo Avalos] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWPasoDelCuello>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=140147 Paso del Cuello] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWFrayBentosRanchoVerde>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176484 Rancho Verde] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWFrayBentosSantaLuciaBasin>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176488 Santa Lucía Basin] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWFrayBentosPalmirense>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176487 Palmirense] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| [[Odontoceti|Odontoceti indet.]], [[Phocidae|Phocidae indet.]] || [[Gaiman Formation|Gaiman]] || {{center|<ref name=FWGaimanGaiman>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=142513 Gaimán] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWGaimanPlayaSantaIsabel>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=80914 Playa Santa Isabel] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Diaphorocetus|Diaphorocetus poucheti]]'', ''[[Notocetus|Notocetus vanbenedeni]]'', ''[[Prosqualodon|Prosqualodon australis]]'', ''[[Kentriodon|cf. Kentriodon sp.]]'' || [[Monte León Formation|Monte&nbsp;León]] || {{center|<ref name=FWGranBajoDeSanJulian>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=45887 Gran Bajo de San Julian] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWMonteLeonBahiaNueva>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=45885 Bahía Nueva] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Rhynchippus|?Rhynchippus sp.]]'' || [[Petaca Formation|Petaca]] || {{center|<ref name=FWQuebradaSaguayo>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=179924 Quebrada Saguayo] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Eoviscaccia|Eoviscaccia boliviana]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Cephalomyopsis|Cephalomyopsis sp.]]'', ''[[Glyptatelus|Glyptatelus sp.]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium sp.]]'', [[Borhyaenidae|Borhyaenidae indet.]], [[Dasypodidae|Dasypodidae indet.]], [[Macraucheniidae|Macraucheniidae indet.]], [[Orophodontidae|Orophodontidae indet.]] || [[Lacayani fauna]] || {{center|<ref name=FW>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=13276 Lacayani Fauna] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Anayatherium|Anayatherium ekacoa]]'', ''[[Anayatherium|A. fortis]]'', ''[[Andinogale|Andinogale sallensis]]'', ''[[Antawallathentes|Antawallathentes illimani]]'', ''[[Antawallathentes|A. quimsacruza]]'', ''[[Archaeohyrax|Archaeohyrax suniensis]]'', ''[[Branisamys|Branisamys luribayensis]]'', ''[[Branisella|Branisella boliviana]]'', ''[[Brucemacfaddenia|Brucemacfaddenia boliviensis]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|Cephalomys bolivianus]]'', ''[[Coniopternium|?Coniopternium primitivum]]'', ''[[Eurygenium|Eurygenium pacegnum]]'', ''[[Evolestes|Evolestes hadrommatos]]'', ''[[Federicoanaya|Federicoanaya sallaensis]]'', ''[[Incamys|Incamys bolivianus]]'', ''[[Kuntinaru|Kuntinaru boliviensis]]'', ''[[Luribayomys|Luribayomys masticator]]'', ''[[Migraveramus|Migraveramus beatus]]'', ''[[Notogale|Notogale mitis]]'', ''[[Palaeothentes|Palaeothentes boliviensis]]'', ''[[Paraborhyaena|Paraborhyaena boliviana]]'', ''[[Paroctodontotherium|Paroctodontotherium calleorum]]'', ''[[Pascualihippus|Pascualihippus boliviensis]]'', ''[[Pharsophorus|Pharsophorus lacerans]]'', ''[[Proargyrolagus|Proargyrolagus bolivianus]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi]]'', ''[[Pseudoglyptodon|Pseudoglyptodon sallaensis]]'', ''[[Pyrotherium|Pyrotherium macfaddeni]]'', ''[[Pyrotherium|cf. Pyrotherium romeroi]]'', ''[[Ronwolffia|Ronwolffia pacifica]]'', ''[[Rhynchippus|Rhynchippus cf. brasiliensis]]'', ''[[Sallacyon|Sallacyon hoffstetteri]]'', ''[[Salladolodus|Salladolodus deuterotherioides]]'', ''[[Sallamys|Sallamys pascuali]]'', ''[[Sallatherium|Sallatherium altiplanense]]'', ''[[Thadanius|Thadanius hoffstetteri]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus alloxus]]'', ''[[Tricoelodus|Tricoelodus boliviensis]]'', ''[[Acamana|cf. Acamana sp.]]'', ''[[Eocoleophorus|cf. Eocoleophorus sp.]]'', ''[[Glyptatelus|Glyptatelus sp.]]'', ''[[Neoreomys|aff. Neoreomys sp.]]'', ''[[Peltephilus|Peltephilus sp.]]'', [[Astrapotheriidae|Astrapotheriidae indet.]], [[Borhyaeninae|Borhyaeninae indet.]], [[Dasypodidae|Dasypodidae indet.]], [[Dasyproctidae|Dasyproctidae indet.]], [[Megalonychidae|Megalonychidae indet.]], [[Nesodontinae|Nesodontinae indet.]], [[Polydolopidae|Polydolopidae indet.]] || [[Salla Formation|Salla]] || {{center|<ref name=Shockey2017>Shockey, 2017</ref><ref name=RinconSalla2015>Rincón et al., 2015</ref><br /><ref name=MNHN>[http://www.mnhn.gob.bo/econoticias_proc.php?Seleccion=328 Conoce Nuestra Biodiversidad - Salla]</ref><ref name=FWSallaFormation>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=95688 Salla Formation] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Acarechimys|Acarechimys leucotheae]]'', ''[[Ancylocoelus|Ancylocoelus frequens]]'', ''[[Archaeohyrax|Archaeohyrax patagonicus]]'', ''[[Archaeophylus|Archaeophylus patrius]]'', ''[[Archaeotypotherium|Archaeotypotherium propheticus]]'', ''[[Archaeutatus|Archaeutatus malaspinensis]]'', ''[[Argyrohyrax|Argyrohyrax proavus]]'', ''[[Asmodeus (mammal)|Asmodeus osborni]]'',  ''[[Asteromys|Asteromys punctus]]'', ''[[Australohyaena|Australohyaena antiqua]]'', ''[[Bryanpattersonia|Bryanpattersonia sulcidens]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|Cephalomys arcidens]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|C. ceciae]]'', ''[[Cephalomys|C. plexus]]'', ''[[Changquin|Changquin woodi]]'', ''[[Chubutomys|Chubutomys navaensis]]'', ''[[Chubutomys|C. simpsoni]]'', ''[[Clypeotherium|Clypeotherium magnum]]'', ''[[Coresodon|Coresodon scalpridens]]'', ''[[Cramauchenia|Cramauchenia normalis]]'', ''[[Deseadomys|Deseadomys arambourgi]]'', ''[[Deuterotherium|Deuterotherium distichum]]'', ''[[Draconomys|Draconomys verai]]'', ''[[Elmerriggsia|Elmerriggsia fieldia]]'', ''[[Eomicrobiotherium|Eomicrobiotherium matutinum]]'', ''[[Eopachyrucos|Eopachyrucos pliciformis]]'', ''[[Eoviscaccia|?Eoviscaccia australis]]'', ''[[Epiklohnia|Epiklohnia verticalis]]'', ''[[Ethelomys|Ethelomys loomisi]]'', ''[[Eurygenium|Eurygenium latirostris]]'', ''[[Eutrachytherus|Eutrachytherus grandis]]'', ''[[Galileomys|Galileomys baios]]'', ''[[Hegetotheriopsis|Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus]]'', ''[[Henricofilholia|Henricofilholia lustrata]]'', ''[[Henricofilholia|H. vucetichia]]'', ''[[Hondonadia|Hondonadia parca]]'', ''[[Hondonadia|H. cf. pumila]]'', ''[[Incamys|Incamys bolivianus]]'', ''[[Incamys|I. menniorum]]'', ''[[Kramadolops|Kramadolops maximus]]'', ''[[Leontinia|Leontinia gaudryi]]'', ''[[Leucokephalos|Leucokephalos zeffiae]]'', ''[[Liarthrus|Liarthrus copei]]'', ''[[Litodontomys|Litodontomys chubutensis]]'', ''[[Llitun|Llitun notuca]]'', ''[[Loncolicu|Loncolicu tretos]]'', ''[[Maddenia (mammal)|Maddenia lapidaria]]'', ''[[Medistylus|Medistylus dorsatus]]'', ''[[Meteutatus|Meteutatus lagenaformis]]'', ''[[Notodiaphorus|Notodiaphorus crassus]]'', ''[[Notogale|Notogale mitis]]'', ''[[Palaeopeltis|Palaeopeltis inornatus]]'', ''[[Palaeothentes|Palaeothentes chubutensis]]'', ''[[Palaeothentes|P. lucina]]'', ''[[Palaeothentes|P. praecursor]]'', ''[[Parabderites|Parabderites minusculus]]'', ''[[Parastrapotherium|Parastrapotherium holmbergi]]'', ''[[Parutaetus|Parutaetus ?chilensis]]'', ''[[Patagonhippus|Patagonhippus canterensis]]'', ''[[Patagonhippus|P. dukei]]'', ''[[Pharsophorus|Pharsophorus lacerans]]'', ''[[Pharsophorus|P. tenuis]]'', ''[[Pilchenia|Pilchenia intermedia]]'', ''[[Platypittamys|Platypittamys brachyodon]]'', ''[[Proadiantus|Proadiantus excavatus]]'', ''[[Proadiantus|P. gibbus]]'', ''[[Proadinotherium|Proadinotherium leptognathus]]'', ''[[Proborhyaena|Proborhyaena gigantea]]'', ''[[Proeuphractus|Proeuphractus setiger]]'', ''[[Progaleopithecus|Progaleopithecus fissurellatus]]'', ''[[Progaleopithecus|P. tournoueri]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium sculptum]]'', ''[[Propachyrucos|Propachyrucos ameghinorum]]'', ''[[Prosotherium|Prosotherium garzoni]]'', ''[[Prosotherium|P. triangulidens]]'', ''[[Protacaremys|?Protacaremys adilos]]'', ''[[Protarchaeohyrax|Protarchaeohyrax minor]]'', ''[[Protheosodon|Protheosodon coniferus]]'', ''[[Protosteiromys|Protosteiromys asmodeophilus]]'', ''[[Protosteiromys|P. medianus]]'', ''[[Prozaedius|Prozaedius impressus]]'', ''[[Prozaedius|P. planus]]'', ''[[Pseudhalmarhiphus|Pseudhalmarhiphus guaraniticus]]'', ''[[Pyrotherium|Pyrotherium sorondoi]]'', ''[[Rhynchippus|Rhynchippus equinus]]'', ''[[Rhynchippus|R. pumilus]]'', ''[[Rosendolops|Rosendolops cf. ebaios]]'', ''[[Sadypus|Sadypus tortuosus]]'', ''[[Santiagorothia|Santiagorothia chiliensis]]'', ''[[Scarrittia|Scarrittia barranquensis]]'', ''[[Scarrittia|S. canquelensis]]'', ''[[Scotamys|Scotamys antiquus]]'', ''[[Stenotatus|?Stenotatus aff. ornatus]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Tricoelodus|Tricoelodus bicuspidatus]]'', ''[[Vallehermosomys|Vallehermosomys mazzonii]]'', ''[[Vallehermosomys|?V. merlinae]]'', ''[[Barrancatatus|Barrancatatus sp.]]'', ''[[Cephalomyopsis|Cephalomyopsis sp.]]'', ''[[Cochilius|Cochilius sp.]]'', ''[[Evolestes|Evolestes sp.]]'', ''[[Octodontotherium|Octodontotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Peltephilus|Peltephilus sp.]]'', ''[[Prohegetotherium|Prohegetotherium sp.]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus sp.]]'', [[Caviomorpha|Caviomorpha indet.]], [[Chinchilloidea|?Chinchilloidea indet.]], [[Dasyproctidae|?Dasyproctidae indet.]], [[Eobranisamys|cf. Eobranisamys indet.]], [[Eocardiidae|Eocardiidae indet.]], [[Henricosborniidae|Henricosborniidae indet.]], [[Interatheriinae|Interatheriinae indet.]], [[Isotemnidae|Isotemnidae indet.]], [[Macraucheniidae|Macraucheniidae indet.]], [[Palaeothentidae|Palaeothentidae indet.]], [[Pichipilidae|Pichipilidae indet.]], [[Propalaehoplophorinae|Propalaehoplophorinae indet.]], [[Rodentia|Rodentia indet.]], [[Stegotheriini|Stegotheriini indet.]], [[Toxodontia|Toxodontia indet.]] || [[Sarmiento Formation|Sarmiento]] || {{center|<ref name=Vucetichetal2015>Vucetich et al., 2015</ref><ref name=VucetichChangquin2014>Vucetich et al., 2014</ref><br /><ref name=PerezChubutomys2012>Pérez et al., 2012</ref><ref name=ShockeyElmerriggsia2012>Shockey et al., 2012</ref><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoLaCanteraDeseadan>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176201 La Cantera] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWSarmientoCraterLakeBeds>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=49783 Crater Lake Beds] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoUpperBeds>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=49851 Upper Beds] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWSarmientoHigherLevel>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=49852 Higher Level] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoCabezaBlanca>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=14211 Cabeza Blanca] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWSarmientoElPajarito>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=92670 El Pajarito] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoPicoTruncado>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176269 Pico Truncado] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWSarmientoPuntaNava>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176626 Punta Nava] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoUnit3>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176647 Unit 3] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWGranBarrancaDeseadan>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176235 Gran Barranca Deseadan] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Leontinia|cf. Leontinia gaudryi]]'' || [[São Paulo Formation|São&nbsp;Paulo]] || {{center|<ref name=FWPadreEterno>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=28219 Padre Eterno] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Moqueguahippus|Moqueguahippus glycisma]]'', ''[[Rhynchippus|Rhynchippus cf. pumilus]]'', ''[[Sallamys|Sallamys quispea]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|Trachytherus ramirezi]]'', ''[[Trachytherus|T. cf. spegazzinianus]]'', ''[[Coniopternium|cf. Coniopternium sp.]]'', [[Dasypodinae|cf. Dasypodinae indet.]], [[Hegetotheriidae|Hegetotheriidae indet.]], [[Macraucheniidae|Macraucheniidae indet.]], [[Proterotheriidae|Proterotheriidae indet.]] || [[Moquegua Formation|Moquegua]] || {{center|<ref name=Shockeyetal2016>Shockey et al., 2016</ref><br /><ref name=FWMoquegua>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=59940 Moquegua] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWMoqueguaCerro>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176469 Cerro Pan de Azúcar] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWMoqueguaCerroMono>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=176470 Cerro Mono] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| rowspan=11 | Birds || ''[[Cladornis|Cladornis pachypus]]'', ''[[Cruschedula|Cruschedula revola]]'' || [[Deseado Formation|Deseado]] || {{center|<ref name=FWDeseadoGulfOfSanJorge>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=74644 Gulf of San Jorge] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Andrewsornis|cf. Andrewsornis sp.]]'' || [[Agua de la Piedra Formation|Agua de la<br />Piedra]] || {{center|<ref name=FWQuebradaFiera/>}}
|-
| ''[[Palaeospheniscus|Palaeospheniscus sp.]]'' || [[Chilcatay Formation|Chilcatay]] || {{center|<ref name=FWChilcatayZamaca/>}}
|-
| ''[[Devincenzia|Devincenzia gallinali]]'' || [[Fray Bentos Formation|Fray&nbsp;Bentos]] || {{center|<ref name=FWFrayBentosSantaLuciaBasin/>}}
|-
| ''[[Eretiscus tonnii]]'', ''[[Palaeospheniscus patagonicus]]'', ''[[Palaeospheniscus wimani]]'', ''[[Paraptenodytes antarcticus]]'' || [[Gaiman Formation|Gaiman]] || {{center|<ref name=FWGaimanGaiman/><ref name=FWGaimanPlayaSantaIsabel/>}}
|-
| ''[[Arthrodytes|Arthrodytes andrewsi]]'', ''[[Paraptenodytes|Paraptenodytes brodkorbi]]'', ''[[Paraptenodytes|P. robustus]]'', ''[[Pseudospheniscus|Pseudospheniscus concavus]]'' || [[Monte León Formation|Monte&nbsp;León]] || {{center|<ref name=FWGranBajoDeSanJulian/>}}
|-
| [[Spheniscidae|Spheniscidae indet.]] || [[Río Baguales Formation|Río<br />Baguales]] || {{center|<ref name=FWBaguales>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=99572 Sierra Baguales] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| [[Phorusrhacidae|Phorusrhacidae indet.]] || [[Salla Formation|Salla]] || {{center|<ref name=FWSallaFormation/>}}
|-
| ''[[Physornis|Physornis sp.]]'' || [[Sarmiento Formation|Sarmiento]] || {{center|<ref name=FWSarmientoCabezaBlanca/>}}
|-
| ''[[Paraphysornis|Paraphysornis brasiliensis]]'', ''[[Taubatornis|Taubatornis campbelli]]'' || [[Tremembé Formation|Tremembé]] || {{center|<ref name=FWSantaFeFarm>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=85172 Santa Fé Farm] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWBairroDoPadreEterno/>}}
|-
| [[Phorusrhacidae|Phorusrhacidae indet.]] || [[Moquegua Formation|Moquegua]] || {{center|<ref name=FWMoquegua/>}}
|-
| rowspan=9 | Reptiles&nbsp;&<br />amphibians || ''[[Balanerodus|Balanerodus logimus]]'', [[Gavialidae|Gavialidae indet.]]  || [[Barzalosa Formation|Barzalosa]] || {{center|<ref name=FWBarzalosa/>}}
|-
| ''[[Balanerodus|?Balanerodus sp.]]'', ''[[Podocnemis|Podocnemis sp.]]'', ''[[Purussaurus|cf. Purussaurus sp.]]'', ''[[Sebecus|cf. Sebecus sp.]]'', [[Anura (frog)|Anura indet.]], [[Booidea|Booidea indet.]], [[Caimaninae|Caimaninae indet.]], [[Colubroidea|Colubroidea indet.]], [[Gavialoidea|Gavialoidea indet.]], [[Serpentes|Serpentes indet.]] || [[Chambira Formation|Chambira]] || {{center|<ref name=FWChambira61/><ref name=FWChambira32/>}}
|-
| [[Testudines|Testudines indet.]] || [[Chilcatay Formation|Chilcatay]] || {{center|<ref name=FWUllujaya1/>}}
|-
| [[Testudinidae|Testudinidae indet.]] || [[Fray Bentos Formation|Fray&nbsp;Bentos]] || {{center|<ref name=FWFrayBentosPalmirense/>}}
|-
| [[Eusuchia|Eusuchia indet.]], [[Sebecosuchia|Sebecosuchia indet.]] || [[Mugrosa Formation|Mugrosa]] || {{center|<ref name=FWMugrosa>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=143794 Camp Waldo Locality, UCMP V-4620] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Chelonoidis|?Chelonoidis sp.]]'' || [[Petaca Formation|Petaca]] || {{center|<ref name=FWQuebradaSaguayo/>}}
|-
| ''[[Calyptocephalella|cf. Calyptocephalella sp.]]'', [[Testudines|Testudines indet.]] || [[Salla Formation|Salla]] || {{center|<ref name=FWSallaFormation/>}}
|-
| ''[[Calyptocephalella canqueli]]'', ''[[Neoprocoela edentatus]]'', ''[[Eupsophus|Eupsophus sp.]]'', ''[[Madtsoia|?Madtsoia sp.]]'', [[Iguaninae indet.]], [[Sebecidae|Sebecidae indet.]] || [[Sarmiento Formation|Sarmiento]] || {{center|<ref name=FWSarmientoCraterLakeBeds/><ref name=FWSarmientoCabezaBlanca/><br /><ref name=FWSarmientoElPajarito/>}}
|-
| ''[[Caiman tremembensis]]'' || [[Tremembé Formation|Tremembé]] || {{center|<ref name=FWBairroDoPadreEterno>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=148390 Bairro do Padre Eterno] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| rowspan=5 | Fishes || ''[[Hydrolycus|cf. Hydrolycus sp.]]'', ''[[Leporinus|Leporinus sp.]]'', ''[[Phractocephalus|cf. Phractocephalus sp.]]'', ''[[Potamotrygon|Potamotrygon sp.]]'', [[Actinopterygii|Actinopterygii indet.]], [[Cichlidae|Cichlidae indet.]], [[Erythrinidae|?Erythrinidae indet.]], [[Loricariidae|Loricariidae indet.]], [[Pimelodidae|Pimelodidae indet.]] || [[Chambira Formation|Chambira]] || {{center|<ref name=FWChambira61/><ref name=FWChambira32/>}}
|-
| ''[[Carcharhinus brachurus|Carcharhinus cf. brachurus]]'', ''[[Carcharodon hastalis]]'', ''[[Carcharodon subauriculatus]]'', ''[[Hemipristis serra|Hemipristis cf. serra]]'', ''[[Isurus desori]]'' || [[Chilcatay Formation|Chilcatay]] || {{center|<ref name=FWChilcataySantaRosa/><br /><ref name=FWChilcatayCerroBuqueM2>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=113250 Cerro Buque M2] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWChilcatayCerroBuqueM8>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=113249 Cerro Buque M8] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Carcharodon hastalis]]'', ''[[Carcharoides catticus]]'', ''[[Echinorhinus pozzii]]'', ''[[Galeocerdo aduncus]]'', ''[[Lamna totuserrata]]'', ''[[Megascyliorhinus trelewensis]]'', ''[[Heterodontus|Heterodontus sp.]]'', ''[[Labrodon|Labrodon sp.]]'', ''[[Sphyrna|Sphyrna sp.]]'', ''[[Squatina|Squatina sp.]]'', [[Molidae|Molidae indet.]], [[Myliobatoidea|Myliobatoidea indet.]] || [[Gaiman Formation|Gaiman]] || {{center|<ref name=FWGaimanSouthernCliffs>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=133690 Southern cliffs] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| ''[[Isurus dolloi]]'', ''[[Striatolamia|Striatolamia macrota]]'', ''[[Abdounia|Abdounia sp.]]''|| [[Río Baguales Formation|Río<br />Baguales]] || {{center|<ref name=FWBaguales/>}}
|-
| ''[[Taubateia paraiba]]'' || [[Tremembé Formation|Tremembé]] || {{center|<ref name=FWTremembeShales>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=137885 Tremembé shales] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
| Insects || ''[[Archaeodrapetiops|?Archaeodrapetiops elongata]]'', ''[[Archaeodrapetiops|A. mezzalirai]]'', ''[[Archaeodrapetiops|A. nefera]]'', ''[[Archaeodrapetiops|A. transversa]]'', ''[[Archaeolycorea|Archaeolycorea ferreirai]]'', ''[[Eternia (fly)|Eternia papaveroi]]'', ''[[Indusia suguioi]]'', ''[[Kleopathra|Kleopathra nemogypsia]]'', ''[[Kleopathra|K. noctodiva]]'', ''[[Microbasis|Microbasis longinota]]'', ''[[Neorinella|Neorinella garciae]]'', ''[[Parafitopteryx|Parafitopteryx duarteae]]'', ''[[Paratilgidopsis|Paratilgidopsis praecursora]]'', ''[[Petisca|Petisca dryellina]]'', ''[[Philodarchia|Philodarchia cigana]]'', ''[[Psephenella ferreirai]]'', ''[[Tabanus|?Tabanus tremembeensis]]'', ''[[Taubocicadellina|Taubocicadellina breviptera]]'', ''[[Taubarixa|Taubarixa macrocelata]]'', ''[[Tauborixella|Tauborixella santosae]]'', ''[[Tauborixiellopsis|Tauborixiellopsis breviclavata]]'', ''[[Taubatehymen|Taubatehymen minuta]]'', ''[[Tremembaetalion|Tremembaetalion minutum]]'', ''[[Tremembecarabus|Tremembecarabus rotundus]]'', ''[[Tremembella|Tremembella gracilis]]'', ''[[Tremembellina|Tremembellina microcelata]]'', ''[[Trulaxia|Trulaxia primula]]'', [[Curculioninae indet.]], [[Hydrophilidae indet.]] || [[Tremembé Formation|Tremembé]] || {{center|<ref name=FWUnGCollection>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=153054 UnG collection] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWCachoeiraSite>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=162188 Cachoeira site, south of Vargem Grande do Sul] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><br /><ref name=FWIG_USPCollection>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=162189 IG/USP collection] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref><ref name=FWNearTaubate>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=162191 Near Taubaté] at [[Fossilworks]].org</ref>}}
|-
|}

== Correlations ==
The Deseadan South American land mammal age (SALMA) is equivalent to the [[Arikareean]] in the [[North American land mammal age]] (NALMA) and the [[Harrisonian]] in the 2000 version of the classification. It overlaps with the [[Hsandagolian]] of Asia and the [[MP 25 zone]] of Europe, the [[Waitakian]] and the [[Landon epoch]] of New Zealand.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 70%"
|+ Deseadan correlations in [[South American land mammal age|South America]]
|-
! Formation !! [[Agua de la Piedra Formation|Agua]] !! [[Rancahué Formation|Rancahué]] !! [[Río Guillermo Formation|Guillermo]] !! [[Deseado Formation|Deseado]] !! [[Sarmiento Formation|Sarmiento]] !! [[Salla Formation|Salla]] !! [[Lacayani fauna|Lacayani]] !! [[Fray Bentos Formation|Fray Bentos]] !! [[Moquegua Formation|Moquegua]] !! [[Chambira Formation|Chambira]] !! [[Barzalosa Formation|Barzalosa]] !! [[Tremembé Formation|Tremembé]] !! [[Las Cascadas Formation|Cascadas]] !! Map
|-
! Basin !! colspan=2 | [[Neuquén Basin|Neuquén]] !! [[Magallanes Basin|Austral]] !! [[Deseado Massif|Deseado]] !! [[Golfo San Jorge Basin|San Jorge]] !! [[Salla-Luribay Basin|Salla]] !! [[Subandean Belt|Subandean]] !! [[Paraná Basin|Norte]] !! [[Moquegua Basin|Moquegua]] !! [[Ucayali Basin|Ucayali]] !! [[Upper Magdalena Valley|VSM]] !! [[Taubaté Basin|Taubaté]] !! [[Panama Canal Basin|Panama]] !! align=center rowspan=17 | {{Location map+ | South America
| relief = 1
| width   = 220
| float = center
| places  =
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -36.6
  | lon_deg = -69.7
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 14
  | link = Agua de la Piedra Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = 9.1
  | lon_deg = -79.7
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Las Cascadas Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -39.2
  | lon_deg = -71.0
  | mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Rancahué Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -51.3
  | lon_deg = -72.3
  | mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Río Guillermo Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -7.4
  | lon_deg = -75.0
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Chambira Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = 3.8
  | lon_deg = -75.2
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Barzalosa Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -29.8
  | lon_deg = -58.1
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Fray Bentos Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -16.6
  | lon_deg = -67.9
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Lacayani fauna
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -17.2
  | lon_deg = -71.0
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Moquegua Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -17.2
  | lon_deg = -67.6
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Salla Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -44.4
  | lon_deg = -68.8
  | mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Sarmiento Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -22.5
  | lon_deg = -45.5
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Tremembé Formation
  }}
  {{Location map~ | South America
  | lat_deg = -47.9
  | lon_deg = -66.3
  | mark = Orange ff8040 pog.svg
  | marksize = 10
  | link = Deseado Formation
  }}
}}
|-
! {{small|Country}} !! colspan=5 | {{small|{{ARG}}}} !! colspan=2 | {{small|{{BOL}}}} !! {{small|{{URU}}}} !! colspan=2 | {{small|{{PER}}}} !! {{small|{{COL}}}} !! {{small|{{BRA}}}} !! {{small|{{PAN}}}}
|-
| ''[[Archaeohyrax]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Prohegetotherium]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Pyrotherium]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Pharsophorus]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Trachytherus]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Proadinotherium]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || 
|-
| ''[[Proborhyaena]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Meteutatus]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| ''[[Andrewsornis]]'' || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|14px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | || align=center | || align=center | || 
|-
| [[Terror bird]]s || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  ||  align=center | || align=center | [[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | 
|-
| [[Rodent]]s || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Steel pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | 
|-
| [[Reptile]]s || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:SpringGreen pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | 
|-
| [[List of fossil primates of South America|Primates]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Brown pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Brown pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Brown pog.svg|10px]]
|-
| [[Flora]] || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Green pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | [[File:Green pog.svg|10px]] || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | 
|-
| [[Insect]]s || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center |  || align=center | [[File:Blue pog.svg|10px]] || align=center | 
|-
! [[Depositional environment|Environments]] !! colspan=2 | Alluvial !! Fluvial !! colspan=2 | Fluvial !! Alluvial !! Fluvial-alluvial !! Fluvial !! colspan=2 | Fluvio-lacustrine !! Alluvial-fluvial !! Lacustrine !! Fluvial !! rowspan=2 align=left | {{left|[[File:Pink ff0080 pog.svg|8px]] Deseadan volcanoclastics}}<br>{{left|[[File:Orange ff8040 pog.svg|8px]] Deseadan fauna}}<br>{{left|[[File:Dark Green 004040 pog.svg|8px]] Deseadan flora}}
|-
! Volcanic !! colspan=2 | Yes !! colspan=2 |  !! Yes !! Yes !! Yes !!  !! Yes !! colspan=3 |  !! Yes
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
;General
* {{citation |last1=Woodburne |first1=M.O. |last2=Goin |first2=F.J. |last3=Bond |first3=M. |last4=Carlini |first4=A.A. |last5=Gelfo |first5=J.N. |last6=López |first6=G.M. |last7=Iglesias |first7=A. |last8=Zimicz |first8=A.N. |year=2013 |title=Paleogene Land Mammal Faunas of South America; a Response to Global Climatic Changes and Indigenous Floral Diversity |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257591980 |journal=[[Journal of Mammalian Evolution]] |volume=21 |pages=1–73 |doi=10.1007/s10914-012-9222-1 |accessdate=2019-02-15|hdl=11336/31253 |hdl-access=free }}

;Deseado Formation
* {{citation |last=Agnolin |first=Federico |year=2006 |title=Posición sistemática de algunas aves fororracoideas (Ralliformes: Cariamae) Argentinas |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228614722 |journal=[[Revista del Museo de Ciencias Naturales]] |volume=8 |pages=27–33 |doi=10.22179/REVMACN.8.348 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}
* {{citation |last1=Forasiepi |first1=Analía M. |last2=Babot |first2=M. Judith |last3=Zimicz |first3=Natalia |year=2014 |title=''Australohyaena antiqua'' (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the Late Oligocene of Patagonia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263259331 |journal=[[Journal of Systematic Palaeontology]] |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=503–525 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2014.926403 |hdl=11336/59430 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl-access=free }}

;Abanico Formation
* {{citation |last1=Bertrand |first1=Ornella C. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Wyss |first4=André R. |year=2012 |title=Two new taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the early Oligocene Tinguiririca fauna (Chile) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262523787 |journal=[[American Museum Novitates]] |issue=3750 |pages=1–36 |doi=10.1206/3750.2 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Bradham |first1=Jennifer |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Wyss |first4=Andre R. |year=2015 |title=New notoungulates (Notostylopidae and basal toxodontians) from the early Oligocene Tinguiririca fauna of the Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284141601 |journal=[[American Museum Novitates]] |issue=3841 |pages=1–24 |doi=10.1206/3841.1 |accessdate=2019-02-13}}
* {{citation |last1=Croft |first1=Darin A. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |last3=Wyss |first3=André R. |year=2008 |title=The Tinguiririca fauna of Chile and the early stages of "modernization" of South American mammal faunas |url=http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/publicacoes/wp-content/arquivos/Arqs%2066%20n%201%20p%20191-211%20Croft%20et%20al.pdf |journal=[[Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro]] |volume=66 |pages=191–211 |accessdate=2019-02-12 |author1-link=Darin A. Croft }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906233925/http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/publicacoes/wp-content/arquivos/Arqs%2066%20n%201%20p%20191-211%20Croft%20et%20al.pdf |date=2018-09-06 }}
* {{citation |last1=Engelman |first1=Russell K. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |last3=Gans |first3=Philip |last4=Wyss |first4=André R. |author5-link=Darin A. Croft |last5=Croft |first5=Darin A. |year=2018 |title=''Chlorocyon phantasma'', a late Eocene borhyaenoid (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) from the Los Helados locality, Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329976567 |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3918 |pages=1–22 |doi=10.1206/3918.1 |accessdate=2019-02-11}}
* {{citation |last=Godoy |first=Estanislao |year=2012 |title=Sobre el variable marco geotectónico de las formaciones Abanico y Farellones y sus equivalentes al sur de los 35°LS |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-48222012000400008 |journal=[[Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina]] |volume=69 |pages=570–577 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Muñoz |first1=Marcia |last2=Fuentes |first2=Francisco |last3=Vergara |first3=Mario |last4=Aguirre |first4=Luis |last5=Nyström |first5=Jan Olov |last6=Féraud |first6=Gilbert |last7=Demant |first7=Alain |year=2006 |title=Abanico East Formation: petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks behind the Cenozoic arc front in the Andean Cordillera, central Chile (33°50'S) |url=http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-02082006000100005 |journal=[[Andean Geology|Revista Geológica de Chile]] |volume=33 |pages=109–140 |doi=10.4067/S0716-02082006000100005 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Agua de la Piedra Formation
* {{citation |last1=Cerdeño |first1=Esperanza |last2=Reguero |first2=Marcelo |year=2015 |title=The Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) assemblage from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, central-western Argentina |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263770394 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=e907173 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2014.907173 |bibcode=2015JVPal..35E7173C |accessdate=2015-02-13|hdl=11336/48566 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Cerdeño |first1=Esperanza |last2=Vera |first2=Bárbara |year=2014 |title=A new Leontiniidae (Notoungulata) from the Late Oligocene beds of Mendoza Province, Argentina |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270898796 |journal=[[Journal of Systematic Palaeontology]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=943–962 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2014.982727 |hdl=11336/59428 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Combina |first1=Ana María |last2=Nullo |first2=Francisco |year=2011 |title=Ciclos tectónicos, volcánicos y sedimentarios del Cenozoico del sur de Mendoza-Argentina (35-37° S y 69° 30'W) |url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/andgeol/v38n1/art10.pdf |journal=[[Andean Geology]] |volume=38 |pages=198–218 |accessdate=2018-09-11}}
* {{citation |last1=Hernández Del Pino |first1=Santiago |last2=Seoane |first2=Federico D. |last3=Cerdeño |first3=Esperanza |year=2017 |title= New postcranial remains of large toxodontian notoungulates from the late Oligocene of Mendoza, Argentina and their systematic implications |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app62/app003012016.pdf |journal=[[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]] |volume=62 |pages=195–210 |accessdate=2019-02-12}}
* {{citation |last1=Seoane |first1=Federico |last2=Cerdeño |first2=Esperanza |year=2014 |title=First extra-Patagonian record of ''Asmodeus'' Ameghino (Notoungulata, Homalodotheriidae) in the Late Oligocene of Mendoza Province, Argentina |url=http://www.ameghiniana.org.ar/index.php/ameghiniana/article/view/2735 |journal=[[Ameghiniana]] |volume=51 |issue=5 |pages=373–384 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.07.07.2014.2735 |accessdate=2019-02-12|url-access=subscription }}

;Barzalosa Formation
* {{citation |last1=Acosta |first1=Jorge E. |last2=Guatame |first2=Rafael |last3=Caicedo A. |first3=Juan Carlos |last4=Cárdenas |first4=Jorge Ignacio |year=2002 |title=Mapa Geológico de Colombia - Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000 - Memoria Explicativa |publisher=[[INGEOMINAS]] |pages=1–92}}

;Castillo Formation
* {{citation |last1=Johnson |first1=Kenneth G. |last2=Sánchez Villagra |first2=Marcelo R. |last3=Aguilera |first3=Órangel A. |year=2009 |title=The Oligocene-Miocene transition on coral reefs in the Falcón Basin (NW Venezuela) |url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.9079&rep=rep1&type=pdf
|journal=[[PALAIOS]] |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=59–69 |doi=10.2110/palo.2008.p08-004r |bibcode=2009Palai..24...59J |citeseerx=10.1.1.617.9079 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Rincón |first1=Ascanio D. |last2=Solórzano |first2=Andrés |last3=McDonald |first3=H. Gregory |last4=Núñez Flores |first4=Mónica |year=2017 |title=''Baraguatherium takumara'', gen. et sp. nov., the earliest mylodontoid sloth (early Miocene) from northern South America |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/300000528 |journal=[[Journal of Mammalian Evolution]] |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=179–191 |doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9328-y |accessdate=2019-02-12}}
* {{citation |last1=Rincón |first1=Ascanio D. |last2=Solórzano |first2=Andrés |last3=Benammi |first3=Mouloud |last4=Vignaud |first4=Patrick |last5=McDonald |first5=H. Gregory |year=2014 |title=Chronology and geology of an Early Miocene mammalian assemblage in North of South America, from Cerro La Cruz (Castillo Formation), Lara State, Venezuela: implications in the 'changing course of Orinoco River' hypothesis |url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/andgeol/v41n3/art02.pdf |journal=[[Andean Geology]] |volume=41 |pages=507–528 |accessdate=2018-09-07}}
* {{citation |last1=Solórzano |first1=Andrés |last2=Rincón |first2=Ascanio D. |last3=Cidade |first3=Giovanne M. |last4=Núñez Flores |first4=Mónica |last5=Sánchez |first5=Leonardo |title=Lower Miocene alligatoroids (Crocodylia) from the Castillo Formation, northwest of Venezuela |url=http://www.paleolab.com.br/assets/uploads/files/Solorzano_et_al.%2C_2018._Crocodilos_de_castillo.pdf |journal=[[Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments]] |date=2019 |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=241–259 |doi=10.1007/s12549-018-0332-5 |bibcode=2019PdPe...99..241S |accessdate=2018-09-07}}
* {{citation |last1=Urbani |first1=Franco |last2=Mendi |first2=David |year=2010 |title=Notas sobre la discordancia del margen sur de la cuenca Oligo-Miocena de Falcón estados Lara, Falcón y Yaracuy, Venezuela |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289375537 |journal=Boletín de la Academia de Ciencias Físicas, Matemáticas y Naturales |volume=LXX |pages=9–25 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Chambira Formation
* {{citation |last1=Boivin |first1=Myriam |last2=Marivaux |first2=Laurent |last3=Antoine |first3=Pierre-Olivier |year=2019 |title=New insight from the Paleogene record of Amazonia into the early diversification of Caviomorpha (Hystricognathi, Rodentia): phylogenetic, macroevolutionary, and paleobiogeographic implications |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/41/4 |journal=[[Geodiversitas]] |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=143–245 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a4 |accessdate=2019-02-28}}
* {{citation |last1=Boivin |first1=Myriam |last2=Marivaux |first2=Laurent |last3=Candela |first3=Adriana M. |last4=Orliac |first4=Maëva J. |last5=Pujos |first5=François  |last6=Salas Gismondi |first6=Rodolfo |last7=Tejada Lara |first7=Julia V. |last8=Antoine |first8=Pierre-Olivier |year=2016 |title=Late Oligocene caviomorph rodents from Contamana, Peruvian Amazonia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310263177 |journal=[[Papers in Palaeontology]] |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=69–109 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1068 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl=11336/63600 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Marivaux |first1=Laurent |last2=Adnet |first2=Sylvain |last3=Altamirano Sierra |first3=Ali J. |last4=Boivin |first4=Myriam |last5=Pujos |first5=François |last6=Ramdarshan |first6=Anusha |last7=Salas Gismondi |first7=Rodolfo |last8=Tejada |first8=Julia |last9=Antoine |first9=Pierre-Olivier |year=2016 |title=Neotropics provide insights into the emergence of New World monkeys: New dental evidence from the late Oligocene of Peruvian Amazonia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302025577 |journal=[[Journal of Human Evolution]] |volume=97 |pages=159–175 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.05.011 |pmid=27457552 |bibcode=2016JHumE..97..159M |accessdate=2019-02-04|hdl=11336/182832 |hdl-access=free }}

;Chilcatay Formation
* {{citation |last1=Bianucci |first1=Giovanni |last2=Bosio |first2=Giulia |last3=Malinverno |first3=Elisa |last4=De Muizon |first4=Christian |last5=Villa |first5=Igor M.  |last6=Urbina |first6=Mario |last7=Lambert |first7=Olivier |year=2018 |title=A new large squalodelphinid (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from Peru sheds light on the Early Miocene platanistoid disparity and ecology |journal=Royal Society Open Science |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=172302 |doi=10.1098/rsos.172302 |pmid=29765678 |pmc=5936943 |bibcode=2018RSOS....572302B }}
* {{citation |last=De la Cruz |first=Aldo Alván |year=2008 |title=Geología de Ocucaje: aportes en la sedimentología y paleontología de Lomas de Ullujaya (Ica, Perú) |url=http://sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe/bibvirtualdata/publicaciones/geologia/vol11_n21/a07vol11n21.pdf |journal=Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG |volume=11 |pages=51–59 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Lambert |first1=Olivier |last2=De Muizon |first2=Christian |last3=Malinverno |first3=Elisa |last4=Di Celma |first4=Claudio |last5=Urbina |first5=Mario  |last6=Bianucci |first6=Giovanni |year=2017 |title=A new odontocete (toothed cetacean) from the Early Miocene of Peru expands the morphological disparity of extinct heterodont dolphins |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319652698 |journal=[[Journal of Systematic Palaeontology]] |volume=16 |issue=12 |pages=981–1016 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2017.1359689 |hdl=11568/891482 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Lambert |first1=Olivier |last2=Bianucci |first2=Giovanni |last3=Urbina |first3=Mario |year=2014 |title=''Huaridelphis raimondii'', a new early Miocene Squalodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Chilcatay Formation, Peru |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265606066 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=987–1004 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2014.858050 |bibcode=2014JVPal..34..987L |accessdate=2019-02-12}}

;Dos Bocas Formation
* {{citation |last1=Lorenzo |first1=Erica |last2=Roca Beltrán |first2=Wladimir Andrés |last3=Martínez |first3=Manuel |last4=Morato |first4=Antonio |last5=Escandón Panchana |first5=Paulo César |last6=Álvarez Domínguez |first6=Cristian Paul |year=2018 |title=Correlación geoquímica entre crudos y rocas del sistema petrolero de la península de Santa Elena y el golfo de Guayaquil |url=http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/boge/v40n1/0120-0283-boge-40-01-00031.pdf |journal=[[Boletín de Geología]] |volume=40 |pages=31–42 |doi=10.18273/revbol.v40n1-2018002 |accessdate=2018-10-01}}
* {{citation |last1=Tanaka |first1=Yoshihiro |last2=Abella |first2=Juan |last3=Aguirre Fernández |first3=Gabriel |last4=Gregori |first4=María |last5=Fordyce |first5=R. Ewan |year=2017 |title=A new tropical Oligocene dolphin from Montañita/Olón, Santa Elena, Ecuador |journal=[[PLoS ONE]] |volume=12 |issue=12 |pages=e0188380 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0188380 |doi-access=free |pmid=29261688 |pmc=5737981 |bibcode=2017PLoSO..1288380T }}

;Fray Bentos Formation
* {{citation |last1=Bond |first1=Mariano |last2=López |first2=Guillermo |last3=Reguero |first3=Marcelo A. |last4=Scillato Yané |first4=Gustavo J. |last5=Vucetich |first5=María G. |year=1998 |title=Los mamíferos de la Formación Fray Bentos (Edad mamífero Deseadense, Oligoceno Superior) de las provincias de Corrientes y Entre Ríos, Argentina |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263928716 |journal=Asociación Paleontológica Argentina. Publicación Especial |volume=5 |pages=41–50 |accessdate=2018-09-12}}
* {{citation |last1=Tófalo |first1=Ofelia Rita |last2=Morrás |first2=Héctor J.M. |year=2009 |title=Evidencias paleoclimáticas en duricostras, paleosuelos y sedimentitas silicoclásticas, del Cenozoico de Uruguay |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/raga/v65n4/v65n4a08.pdf |journal=[[Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina]] |volume= |pages=674–686 |accessdate=2018-09-12}}

;Gaiman Formation
* {{citation |last=Acosta Hospitaleche |first=Carolina |year=2007 |title=Revisión sistemática de ''Palaeospheniscus biloculata'' (Simpson) nov. comb. (Aves, Spheniscidae) de la Formación Gaiman (Mioceno Temprano), Chubut, Argentina |url=http://www.ameghiniana.org.ar/index.php/ameghiniana/article/viewFile/658/1374 |journal=[[Ameghiniana]] |volume=44 |pages=417–426 |accessdate=2018-09-11}}
* {{citation |last1=Viglino |first1=Mariana |last2=Buono |first2=Mónica R. |last3=Gutstein |first3=Carolina S. |last4=Cozzuol |first4=Mario A. |last5=Cuitiño |first5=José I. |year=2018 |title=A new dolphin from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina: Insights into the evolution of Platanistoidea in the Southern Hemisphere |url=https://app.pan.pl/archive/published/app63/app004412017.pdf |journal=[[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica]] |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=261–277 |doi=10.4202/app.00441.2017 |accessdate=2019-02-11}}

;Lacayani fauna
* {{citation |last1=Billet |first1=Guillaume |last2=De Muizon |first2=Christian |last3=Mamani Quispe |first3=Bernardino |year=2008 |title=Late Oligocene mesotheriids (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from Salla and Lacayani (Bolivia): implications for basal mesotheriid phylogeny and distribution |url=https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/152/1/153/2614029 |journal=[[Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society]] |volume=152 |pages=153–200 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00388.x |accessdate=2018-09-11}}

;Monte León Formation
* {{citation |last1=Náñez |first1=Carolina |last2=Quattrocchio |first2=Mirta E. |last3=Ruiz |first3=Liliana |year=2009 |title=Palinología y micropaleontología de las Formaciones San Julián y Monte León (Oligoceno - Mioceno temprano) en el subsuelo de cabo Curioso, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142009000400007 |journal=[[Ameghiniana]] |volume=46 |pages=669–693 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}

;Moquegua Formation
* {{citation |last1=Alván |first1=Aldo |last2=Ramírez |first2=Katerin |last3=von Eynatten |first3=Hilmar |last4=Dunkl |first4=István |last5=Jacay |first5=Javier |last6=Bertone |first6=Gabriela |year=2017 |title=Evolución Geológica de las Cuencas de Antearco del Sur de Perú (Moquegua y Camaná-Mollendo): Proveniencia Sedimentaria y Análisis de Facies en Rocas Cenozoicas |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322963331 |journal=[[Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica del Perú]] |volume=112 |pages=53–77 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}
* {{citation |last1=Shockey |first1=Bruce J. |last2=Billet |first2=Guillaume |last3=Salas Gismondi |first3=Rodolfo |year=2016 |title=A new species of ''Trachytherus'' (Notoungulata: Mesotheriidae) from the late Oligocene (Deseadan) of Southern Peru and the middle latitude diversification of early diverging mesotheriids |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27395103 |journal=[[Zootaxa]] |volume=4111 |issue=5 |pages=565–583 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4111.5.3 |pmid=27395103 |accessdate=2019-02-12}}

;Mugrosa Formation
* {{citation |last1=Gómez |first1=Luis Alfonso |last2=Patiño |first2=Alejandro |last3=Renzoni |first3=Giancarlo |last4=Beltrán |first4=Alejandro |last5=Quintero |first5=Claudia |last6=Manrique |first6=Martín |year=2008 |title=Geología de la Plancha 119 Barrancabermeja - 1:100,000 |publisher=[[INGEOMINAS]] |pages=1–105}}

;Petaca Formation
* {{citation |last1=Hernández |first1=R. |last2=Jordan |first2=T. |last3=Dalenz Farjat |first3=A. |last4=Echavarría |first4=L. |last5=Idelman |first5=B. |last6=Reynolds |first6=J. |year=2002 |title=Edades, distribución, controles tectónicos y eustáticos de las ingresiones marinas paranense y caribeana en el sur de Bolivia y Argentina |url=http://www.xrgeomap.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Hern%E2%80%A0ndez-Jordan-Dalenz-Farjat-Echavarr%C2%B0a-Idelman-Reynolds-2002.pdf |publisher=V Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología |pages=1–27 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}

;Río Baguales Formation
* {{citation |last1=Le Roux |first1=Jacobus P. |last2=Puratich |first2=Jacqueline |last3=Mourgues |first3=F. Amaro |last4=Oyarzún |first4=José Luis |last5=Otero |first5=Rodrigo A. |last6=Torres |first6=Teresa |last7=Hervé |first7=Francisco |year=2010 |title=Estuary deposits in the Río Baguales Formation (Chattian-Aquitanean), Magallanes Province, Chile |url=http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/1739/173916371004.pdf |journal=[[Andean Geology]] |volume=37 |pages=329–344 |accessdate=2017-10-25}}

;Salla Formation
* {{citation |last1=Reguero |first1=Marcelo A. |last2=Cerdeño |first2=Esperanza |year=2005 |title=New late Oligocene Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from Salla, Bolivia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232679389 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=674–684 |doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0674:NLOHMN]2.0.CO;2 |accessdate=2018-09-11}}
* {{citation |last1=Rincón |first1=Ascanio D. |last2=Shockey |first2=Bruce J. |last3=Anaya |first3=Federico |last4=Solórzano |first4=Andrés |year=2015 |title=Palaeothentid Marsupials of the Salla Beds of Bolivia (Late Oligocene): Two New Species and Insights into the Post-Eocene Radiation of Palaeothentoids |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275969026 |journal=[[Journal of Mammalian Evolution]] |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=455–471 |doi=10.1007/s10914-015-9295-8 |accessdate=2019-02-13}}
* {{citation |last=Shockey |first=Bruce J|year=2017 |title=New early diverging cingulate (Xenarthra: Peltephilidae) from the Late Oligocene of Bolivia and considerations regarding the origin of crown Xenarthra |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320468895 |journal=[[Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History]] |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=371–396 |accessdate=2019-02-12}}

;Sarmiento Formation
* {{citation |last1=Acosta Hospitaleche |first1=Carolina |last2=Tambussi |first2=Claudia |year=2005 |title=Phorusrhacidae Psilopterinae (Aves) en la Formación Sarmiento de la localidad de Gran Hondonada (Eoceno Superior), Patagonia, Argentina [Phorusrhacidae Psilopterinae (Birds) in the Sarmiento Formation from the Gran Hondonada locality (Upper Eocene), Patagonia, Argentina] |url=http://www.sepaleontologia.es/revista/anteriores/REP%20%282005%29%20vol.%2020/2/01.%20Acosta%20&%20Tambussi.pdf |journal=[[Revista Española de Paleontología]] |volume=20 |pages=127–132 |accessdate=2018-09-10}}
* {{citation |last1=Arnal |first1=Michelle |last2=Kramarz |first2=Alejandro G. |last3=Vucetich |first3=M. Guiomar |last4=Vieytes |first4=E. Carolina |year=2014 |title=A new early Miocene octodontoid rodent (Hystricognathi, Caviomorpha) from Patagonia (Argentina) and a reassessment of the early evolution of Octodontoidea |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263555476 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=397–406 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.808203 |bibcode=2014JVPal..34..397A |hdl=11336/29748 |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Cheme Arriaga |first1=Lucas |last2=Dozo |first2=María Teresa |last3=Gelfo |first3=Javier N. |year=2016 |title=A new Cramaucheniinae (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309370068 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=e1229672 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2017.1229672 |bibcode=2016JVPal..36E9672C |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl=11336/30386 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Dozo |first1=María Teresa |last2=Ciancio |first2=Martín |last3=Bouza |first3=Pablo |last4=Martínez |first4=Gastón |year=2014 |title=Nueva asociación de mamíferos del Paleógeno en el este de la Patagonia (provincia de Chubut, Argentina): implicancias biocronológicas y paleobiogeográficas |url=http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/andgeol/v41n1/art09.pdf |journal=[[Andean Geology]] |volume=41 |pages=224–247 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV41n1-a09 |accessdate=2017-08-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Pérez |first1=María Encarnación |last2=Krause |first2=Marcelo |last3=Vucetich |first3=María Guiomar |year=2012 |title=A new species of ''Chubutomys'' (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from the late Oligocene of Patagonia and its implications on the early evolutionary history of Cavioidea sensu stricto |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2012.06.001 |journal=[[Geobios]] |volume=45 |issue=6 |pages=573–580 |bibcode=2012Geobi..45..573P }}
* {{citation |last1=Shockey |first1=Bruce J. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |last4=Gans |first4=Phillip |last5=Wyss |first5=André R. |year=2012 |title=New leontiniid Notoungulata (Mammalia) from Chile and Argentina : comparative anatomy, character analysis, and phylogenetic hypotheses |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232690741 |journal=[[American Museum Novitates]] |issue=3737 |pages=1–64 |doi=10.1206/3737.2 |accessdate=2019-02-15}}
* {{citation |last1=Sterli |first1=Juliana |last2=De la Fuente |first2=Marcelo S. |last3=Krause |first3=J. Marcelo |year=2015 |title=A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280972149 |journal=[[Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society]] |volume=174 |issue=3 |pages=519–548 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12252 |accessdate=2019-02-13|hdl=11336/41594 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Vucetich |first1=M.G. |last2=Dozo |first2=M.T. |last3=Arnal |first3=M. |last4=Pérez |first4=M.E. |year=2015 |title=New rodents (Mammalia) from the late Oligocene of Cabeza Blanca (Chubut) and the first rodent radiation in Patagonia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267629182 |journal=[[Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology]] |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=236–257 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2014.883506 |bibcode=2015HBio...27..236V |accessdate=2019-02-13|hdl=11336/17958 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Vucetich |first1=María G. |last2=Pérez |first2=María E. |last3=Ciancio |first3=Martín R. |last4=Carlini |first4=Alfredo A. |last5=Madden |first5=Richard H. |last6=Kohn |first6=Matthew J. |year=2014 |title=A new acaremyid rodent (Caviomorpha, Octodontoidea) from Scarritt Pocket, Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Patagonia (Argentina) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262579842 |journal=[[Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology]] |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=689–698 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.804414 |bibcode=2014JVPal..34..689V |accessdate=2019-02-12|hdl=11336/17973 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Wyss |first1=André R. |last2=Flynn |first2=John J. |author3-link=Darin A. Croft |last3=Croft |first3=Darin A. |year=2018 |title=New Paleogene notohippids and leontiniids (Toxodontia; Notoungulata; Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna of the Andean Main Range, central Chile |url=http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/6901 |journal=[[Journal of South American Earth Sciences]] |volume=3903 |pages=1–42 |hdl=2246/6901 |accessdate=2019-02-11}}

;Tremembé Formation
* {{citation |last=Do Couto Ribeiro |first=Graziella |year=2010 |title=Avaliação morfológica, taxonômica e cronológica dos mamíferos fósseis da Formação Tremembé (Bacia de Taubaté), Estado de São Paulo, Brasil |publisher=[[University of São Paulo|Universidade de São Paulo]] |pages=1–112}}
* {{citation |last1=Malabarba |first1=Maria Claudia |last2=Lundberg |first2=John G. |year=2007 |title=A fossil loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricarioidea) from the Taubaté Basin, eastern Brazil |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239544059 |journal=[[Neotropical Ichthyology]] |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=263–270 |doi=10.1590/S1679-62252007000300005 |accessdate=2018-10-08}}
* {{citation |last1=Olson |first1=Storrs L. |last2=Alvarenga |first2=Herculano M.F. |year=2002 |title=A new genus of small teratorn from the Middle Tertiary of the Taubate Basin, Brazil (Aves: Teratornithidae) |url=https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/1560/Taubatornis.pdf?sequence=1 |journal=[[Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington]] |volume=115 |pages=701–705 |accessdate=2017-09-04}}

{{SALMA}}

[[Category:Deseadan| ]]
[[Category:Oligocene geochronology]]
[[Category:Oligocene South America]]
[[Category:Paleogene Argentina]]