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{{Infobox place demographics|place=[[Slovakia]]|image=File:Slovakia single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=[[Population pyramid]] of Slovakia in 2020|size_of_population= 5,422,194 (2024 est.)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/products/informationmessages/inf_sprava_detail/a9fbf020-3193-4d86-a344-0b21f8eca4db/!ut/p/z1/tVNNd6IwFP01Xebk5UPAZaA1oJQpUECzmRMVK2MFKxzazq-feI4bF4pdzNskObn3vbx7X7DCc6xq3VdvuquaWr-b80JZv2M7cFyXCAA3ZBBMZ2nkexMqsxEuLgFOlDxB8CpeZDLlBPgIq4trN6cQ2FFCZnEsZ4Sf-Z4UPrdDACeUIwiEnyXjmDEQ7JJ_rT5cCQH38W88cICfY4XVqu4O3RYvmmWrt6jdoareIL3rHsBsmuPeqNnXJWoPR91_P0Dflt3OrHq8WW6AAmJkzBBfOxbSjHMES0o2TrnSfL08pT-sqjVe3IUuhvxSt9UqTvUGDBnKoW56ntlnwCR9oWLMpfeY_JqYmfGok4YWBWkNAICcASKO4zTMc5A5NQBGJERZZpq2BgCvFl4YoeyrQhEbF31VfuKsPtn3jtMf-uADng6Njvlb1Z-PDyXMADV1V351eP4_JsjUocdn7_nNdKC77Sl1g-d3UQ_7zMTeYd9olzwl_l83QrJw2n8Py4NE/dz/d5/L0lDUmlTUSEhL3dHa0FKRnNBLzROV3FpQSEhL2Vu/ |title=Stock of population in the SR on 30 June 2024 |publisher=Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic |website=slovak.statistics.sk |date=30 August 2024 |access-date=30 August 2024 }}</ref>
|growth=
|nation=Slovak
|birth=9.7 births/1,000 population|death=11.0 deaths/1,000 population
|life=78.31 years
|net_migration=0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population
|total_mf_ratio=0.94 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
|infant_mortality=4.82 deaths/1,000 live births
|life_male=74.83 years
|life_female=82.04 years
|fertility=1.57 children
| major_ethnic=[[Slovaks]] (83.82%)
| minor_ethnic= {{unbulleted list
|{{Tree list}}
* [[Hungarians]] (7.75%)
* [[Romani people|Romani]] (1.23%)
* [[Czechs]] (0.53%)
* [[Rusyns]] (0.44%)
* Others (6.23%)
{{tree list/end}}
}}
}}
[[File:Population density in Slovakia.png|350px|thumbnail|Population density in Slovakia, by [[Districts of Slovakia|district]].]]

{{Historical populations
|type =
| percentages = pagr
|footnote = Source:
|1848| 2442000
|1869| 2481811
|1880| 2477521
|1890| 2595180
|1900| 2782925
|1910| 2916657
|1921| 2993859
|1930| 3324111
|1946| 3327803
|1950| 3442317
|1961| 4174046
|1970| 4537290
|1980| 4991168
|1991| 5274335
|2001| 5379455
|2011| 5397036
|2021| 5449270
}}

[[Demography|Demographic]] features of the [[population]] of [[Slovakia]] include [[population density]], [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], education level, health of the populace, economic status, [[Religion in Slovakia|religious affiliations]] and other aspects of the population. The demographic statistics are from the Statistical Office of the SR, unless otherwise indicated.

== Population ==
Total population: 	5,422,194 as of 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/products/informationmessages/inf_sprava_detail/a9fbf020-3193-4d86-a344-0b21f8eca4db/!ut/p/z1/tVNNd6IwFP01Xebk5UPAZaA1oJQpUECzmRMVK2MFKxzazq-feI4bF4pdzNskObn3vbx7X7DCc6xq3VdvuquaWr-b80JZv2M7cFyXCAA3ZBBMZ2nkexMqsxEuLgFOlDxB8CpeZDLlBPgIq4trN6cQ2FFCZnEsZ4Sf-Z4UPrdDACeUIwiEnyXjmDEQ7JJ_rT5cCQH38W88cICfY4XVqu4O3RYvmmWrt6jdoareIL3rHsBsmuPeqNnXJWoPR91_P0Dflt3OrHq8WW6AAmJkzBBfOxbSjHMES0o2TrnSfL08pT-sqjVe3IUuhvxSt9UqTvUGDBnKoW56ntlnwCR9oWLMpfeY_JqYmfGok4YWBWkNAICcASKO4zTMc5A5NQBGJERZZpq2BgCvFl4YoeyrQhEbF31VfuKsPtn3jtMf-uADng6Njvlb1Z-PDyXMADV1V351eP4_JsjUocdn7_nNdKC77Sl1g-d3UQ_7zMTeYd9olzwl_l83QrJw2n8Py4NE/dz/d5/L0lDUmlTUSEhL3dHa0FKRnNBLzROV3FpQSEhL2Vu/ |title=Stock of population in the SR on 30 June 2024 |publisher=Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic |website=slovak.statistics.sk |date=30 August 2024 |access-date=30 August 2024 }}</ref>

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2021.<ref name="WPR2018">{{citation |title=Slovakia Population 2021 |url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/slovakia-population/ |website=World Population Review}}</ref>

*One birth every 10 minutes
*One death every 9 minutes
*One net migrant every 480 minutes
*Net gain of one person every 1440 minutes

===Population over time===

{|class=wikitable
|+Progression of population at censuses
! Census Date
! Population
! Population<br />density<br />(per km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
| 1848
| 2,442,000 (est.)
| 50
|-
| 1869
| 2,481,811
| 51
|-
| 1880
| 2,477,521
| 51
|-
| 1890
| 2,595,180
| 53
|-
| 1900
| 2,782,925
| 57
|-
| 1910
| 2,916,657
| 60
|-
| February 15, 1921
| 2,993,859
| 61
|-
| December 1, 1930
| 3,324,111
| 68
|-
| October 4, 1946
| 3,327,803
| 68
|-
| March 1, 1950
| 3,442,317
| 70
|-
| March 1, 1961
| 4,174,046
| 85
|-
| December 1, 1970
| 4,537,290
| 93
|-
| November 1, 1980
| 4,991,168
| 102
|-
| March 3, 1991
| 5,274,335
| 108
|-
| May 26, 2001
| 5,379,455
| 110
|-
| May 21, 2011
| 5,397,036
| 110
|-
| June 13, 2021
| 5,449,270
| 111
|}

{{#chart:Slovakia Total Population.chart}}

{{GraphChart
| width = 600
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=0
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 11.9,12.2,17.1,15.8,18.4,15.9,14.7,13.8,12.6,12.7,11.9,13.5,11.7,11.9,10.0,9.6,9.3,9.2,8.6,8.3,9.1,9.1,9.1,8.9,10.5,9.6,4.2,10.2,13.6,14.6,14.3,17.4,17.0,17.7,17.3,16.9,17.4,17.1,15.5,15.1,13.1,14.2,13.8,11.7,12.7,12.5,11.1,10.2,9.5,8.5,8.7,8.4,8.8,10.1,10.6,11.2,11.1,11.4,10.8,10.7,10.6,8.9,8.7,8.4,7.8,7.6,7.3,6.,5.9,5.9,5.0,4.8,4.5,4.0,3.9,2.8,1.6,1.7,1.3,0.8,0.7,0.4,-0.2,-0.1,-0.1,0.4,0.2,0.1,0.1,0.8,1.5,1.3,1.7,0.6,0.5,0.7,0.3,1.0,0.7,0.6, 0.7, -0.4, -3.1, -1.3

| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
}}
{{#chart:Slovakia TFR.chart}}

=== Population growth rate ===
:-0.08% (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 202nd

=== Fertility ===
[[File:Slovakia total fertility rate by region 2014.png|thumb|Slovakia total fertility rate by region (2014)
{| width="100%"
|-
| valign="right" |
{{legend|#ffff7f|1.5 - 1.7}}
{{legend|#ffbf3f|1.4 - 1.5}}
{{legend|#ff7f7e|1.3 - 1.4}}
{{legend|#ff3e3e|< 1.3}}
|}]]The [[total fertility rate]] is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: [[Our World In Data]] and [[Gapminder Foundation]].<ref name="ourworldindata.org">{{citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&time=1800..2015&country=SVK|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World In Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]|access-date=2019-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190309022907/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800|archive-date=2019-03-09|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !! 1876!!1877!!1878!!1879!!1880!!1881!!1882!!1883!!1884!!1885!!1886!!1887!!1888!!1889!!1890<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
|-
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.96|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.96 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.92||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.87||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.83||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.78||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.74||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.77||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.83||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.86||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.83||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.76||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.7
|}
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !! 1891!!1892!!1893!!1894!!1895!!1896!!1897!!1898!!1899!!1900<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
|-
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.63|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.56 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.54||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.52||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.5||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.49||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.47||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.42||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.37||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.31
|}
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !! 1901!!1902!!1903!!1904!!1905!!1906!!1907!!1908!!1909!!1910<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
|-
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.26|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.21 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.16||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.04||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.99||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.93||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.86||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.78||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.71
|}
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !! 1911!!1912!!1913!!1914!!1915!!1916!!1917!!1918<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
|-
| align="left"|Total Fertility Rate in Slovakia||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.63|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.56 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.13||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.28||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.85||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.43||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.03
|}
1.45 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 211th

==== Mother's mean age at first birth ====
:27.2 years (2019 est.)

=== Life expectancy ===
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -Slovakia -diff.png|thumb|300px|[[Life expectancy at birth]] in Slovakia]]
:total population: 78.07 years
:male: 74.56 years
:female: 81.82 years (2021 est.)

=== Age structure ===
:''0-14 years:'' 15.13% (male 423,180 /female 400,128)
:''15-24 years:'' 10.06% (male 280,284 /female 266,838)
:''25-54 years:'' 44.61% (male 1,228,462 /female 1,198,747)
:''55-64 years:'' 13.15% (male 342,142 /female 373,452)
:''65 years and over:'' 17.05% (male 366,267 /female 561,120) (2020 est.)

==== Median age ====
:total: 41.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 41st
:male: 40.1 years
:female: 43.6 years (2020 est.)

==Vital statistics==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! Population<br/>(from 1980<br/>December 31)
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural<br />change
! Births<br />(per 1000)
! Deaths<br />(per 1000)
! Natural<br />change<br />(per 1000)
! Crude migration<br />(per 1000)
! Fertility<br />rates
! Induced<br />abortions
|-
| 1919
| align="right" | 2,940,000
| align="right" | 91,729
| align="right" | 56,866
| align="right" | 34,863
| align="right" | 31.2
| align="right" | 19.3
| align="right" | 11.9
|
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.64
|-
| 1920
| align="right" | 3,001,000
| align="right" | 97,680
| align="right" | 61,084
| align="right" | 36,596
| align="right" | 32.6
| align="right" | 20.4
| align="right" | 12.2
| 8.5
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.25
|-
| 1921
| align="right" | 3,006,000
|  style="color:blue"| 114,947
| align="right" | 63,507
| align="right" | 51,440
| style="color:blue" | 38.2
| style="color:red" | 21.1
| align="right" | 17.1
| -15.4
|style="color:blue"|4.96
|-
| 1922
| align="right" | 3,046,000
| align="right" | 111,059
| align="right" | 62,902
| align="right" | 48,157
| align="right" | 36.5
| align="right" | 20.7
| align="right" | 15.8
| -2.5
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.67
|-
| 1923
| align="right" | 3,095,000
| align="right" | 111,070
| align="right" | 54,176
| align="right" | 56,894
| align="right" | 35.9
| align="right" | 17.5
| style="color:blue"| 18.4
| -2.5
| style="color:blue"|4.55
|-
| 1924
| align="right" | 3,135,000
| align="right" | 106,062
| align="right" | 56,322
| align="right" | 49,740
| align="right" | 33.8
| align="right" | 18.0
| align="right" | 15.9
| -2.3
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.25
|-
| 1925
| align="right" | 3,168,000
| align="right" | 102,867
| align="right" | 56,171
| align="right" | 46,696
| align="right" | 32.5
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 14.7
| -4.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.01
|-
| 1926
| align="right" | 3,202,000
| align="right" | 103,955
| align="right" | 59,701
| align="right" | 44,254
| align="right" | 32.5
| align="right" | 18.6
| align="right" | 13.8
| -3.1
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.98
|-
| 1927
| align="right" | 3,232,000
| align="right" | 99,891
| align="right" | 59,172
| align="right" | 40,719
| align="right" | 30.9
| align="right" | 18.3
| align="right" | 12.6
| -3.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.76
|-
| 1928
| align="right" | 3,258,000
| align="right" | 99,673
| align="right" | 58,320
| align="right" | 41,353
| align="right" | 30.6
| align="right" | 17.9
| align="right" | 12.7
| -4.7
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.69
|-
| 1929
| align="right" | 3,286,000
| align="right" | 95,387
| align="right" | 56,447
| align="right" | 38,940
| align="right" | 29.0
| align="right" | 17.2
| align="right" | 11.9
| -3.3
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.48
|-
| 1930
| align="right" | 3,315,000
| align="right" | 96,898
| align="right" | 52,268
| align="right" | 44,630
| align="right" | 29.2
| align="right" | 15.8
| align="right" | 13.5
| -4.7
|stylqe="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.49
|-
| 1931
| align="right" | 3,350,000
| align="right" | 93,309
| align="right" | 54,273
| align="right" | 39,036
| align="right" | 27.9
| align="right" | 16.2
| align="right" | 11.7
| -1.1
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.33
|-
| 1932
| align="right" | 3,388,000
| align="right" | 93,140
| align="right" | 52,992
| align="right" | 40,148
| align="right" | 27.5
| align="right" | 15.6
| align="right" | 11.9
| -0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.29
|-
| 1933
| align="right" | 3,424,000
| align="right" | 84,975
| align="right" | 50,655
| align="right" | 34,320
| align="right" | 24.8
| align="right" | 14.8
| align="right" | 10.0
| 0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.96
|-
| 1934
| align="right" | 3,456,000
| align="right" | 83,493
| align="right" | 50,178
| align="right" | 33,315
| align="right" | 24.2
| align="right" | 14.5
| align="right" | 9.6
| -0.3
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.86
|-
| 1935
| align="right" | 3,486,000
| align="right" | 82,382
| align="right" | 49,830
| align="right" | 32,552
| align="right" | 23.6
| align="right" | 14.3
| align="right" | 9.3
| -0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.8
|-
| 1936
| align="right" | 3,515,000
| align="right" | 80,923
| align="right" | 48,547
| align="right" | 32,376
| align="right" | 23.0
| align="right" | 13.8
| align="right" | 9.2
| -0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.79
|-
| 1937
| align="right" | 3,540,000
| align="right" | 79,862
| align="right" | 49,527
| align="right" | 30,335
| align="right" | 22.6
| align="right" | 14.0
| align="right" | 8.6
| -1.5
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.77
|-
| 1938
| align="right" | 3,726,000
| align="right" | 80,800
| align="right" | 49,700
| align="right" | 31,100
| align="right" | 21.7
| align="right" | 13.3
| align="right" | 8.3
| style="color:blue;"| 44.2
|style="color:blue;"|2.8
|-
| 1939
| align="right" | 3,577,000
| align="right" | 81,200
| align="right" | 48,800
| align="right" | 32,400
| align="right" | 22.7
| align="right" | 13.6
| align="right" | 9.1
| style="color:red;"|-49.1
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.83
|-
| 1940
| align="right" | 3,553,000
| align="right" | 85,300
| align="right" | 52,900
| align="right" | 32,400
| align="right" | 24.0
| align="right" | 14.9
| align="right" | 9.1
| 15.8
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.87
|-
| 1941
| align="right" | 3,542,000
| align="right" | 85,700
| align="right" | 53,600
| align="right" | 32,100
| align="right" | 24.2
| align="right" | 15.1
| align="right" | 9.1
| -12.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.9
|-
| 1942
| align="right" | 3,523,000
| align="right" | 87,200
| align="right" | 55,900
| align="right" | 31,300
| align="right" | 24.8
| align="right" | 15.9
| align="right" | 8.9
| -14.3
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.93
|-
| 1943
| align="right" | 3,503,000
| align="right" | 87,700
| align="right" | 50,900
| align="right" | 36,800
| align="right" | 25.0
| align="right" | 14.5
| align="right" | 10.5
| -16.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.96
|-
| 1944
| align="right" | 3,484,000
| align="right" | 91,600
| align="right" | 58,100
| align="right" | 33,500
| align="right" | 26.3
| align="right" | 16.7
| align="right" | 9.6
| -15.0
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3
|-
| 1945
| align="right" | 3,459,000
| align="right" | 81,880
| align="right" | 67,505
| align="right" | 14,375
| align="right" | 23.7
| align="right" | 19.5
| align="right" | 4.2
| -11.4
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.03
|-
| 1946
| align="right" | 3,392,000
| align="right" | 82,204
| align="right" | 47,589
| align="right" | 34,615
| align="right" | 24.2
| align="right" | 14.0
| align="right" | 10.2
| -29.6
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 3.09
|-
| 1947
| align="right" | 3,399,000
| align="right" | 87,659
| align="right" | 41,491
| align="right" | 46,168
| align="right" | 25.8
| align="right" | 12.2
| align="right" | 13.6
| -11.5
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 3.21
|-
| 1948
| align="right" | 3,446,000
| align="right" | 91,189
| align="right" | 40,873
| align="right" | 50,316
| align="right" | 26.5
| align="right" | 11.9
| align="right" | 14.6
| -0.8
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 3.24
|-
| 1949
| align="right" | 3,447,000
| align="right" | 91,053
| align="right" | 41,727
| align="right" | 49,326
| align="right" | 26.4
| align="right" | 12.1
| align="right" | 14.3 
| -14.0
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 3.28
|-
| 1950
| align="right" | 3,463,000
| align="right" | 99,721
| align="right" | 39,668
| align="right" | 60,053
| align="right" | 28.8
| align="right" | 11.5
| align="right" | 17.4
| -12.8
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.56
|-
| 1951
| align="right" | 3,509,000
| align="right" | 100,663
| align="right" | 40,505
| align="right" | 60,158
| align="right" | 28.5
| align="right" | 11.5
| align="right" | 17.0
| -3.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.58
|-
| 1952
| align="right" | 3,558,000
| align="right" | 100,824
| align="right" | 36,897
| align="right" | 63,927
| align="right" | 28.0
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 17.7
| -3.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.57
|-
| 1953
| align="right" | 3,599,000
| align="right" | 99,124
| align="right" | 35,598
| align="right" | 63,526
| align="right" | 26.9
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 17.3
| -5.8
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.50
|-
| 1954
| align="right" | 3,661,000
| align="right" | 98,310
| align="right" | 34,866
| align="right" | 63,444
| align="right" | 26.2
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 16.9
| 0.3
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.45
|-
| 1955
| align="right" | 3,727,000
| align="right" | 99,305
| align="right" | 32,917
| align="right" | 66,388
| align="right" | 26.0
| align="right" | 8.6
| align="right" | 17.4
| 0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.47
|-
| 1956
| align="right" | 3,787,000
| align="right" | 99,467
| align="right" | 32,815
|  style="text-align:right; color:blue;" | 66,652
| align="right" | 25.5
| align="right" | 8.4
| align="right" | 17.1
| -1.0
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.46
|-
| 1957
| align="right" | 3,844,000
| align="right" | 97,311
| align="right" | 35,755
| align="right" | 61,556
| align="right" | 24.5
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 15.5
| -0.4
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.34
|-
| 1958
| align="right" | 3,900,000
| align="right" | 93,272
| align="right" | 32,106
| align="right" | 61,166
| align="right" | 23.1
| align="right" | 7.9
| align="right" | 15.1
| -0.5
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.25
| align="right" | 12,383
|-
| 1959
| align="right" | 3,946,000
| align="right" | 87,991
| align="right" | 34,077
| align="right" | 53,914
| align="right" | 21.5
| align="right" | 8.3
| align="right" | 13.1
| -1.3
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.07
| align="right" | 17,217
|-
| 1960
| align="right" | 3,994,000
| align="right" | 88,412
| align="right" | 31,609
| align="right" | 56,803
| align="right" | 22.1
| align="right" | 7.9
| align="right" | 14.2
| -2.0
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.08
| align="right" | 20,738
|-
| 1961
| align="right" | 4,182,000
| align="right" | 87,359
|  style="text-align:right; color:blue;" | 31,403
| align="right" | 55,956
| align="right" | 21.6
| align="right" | 7.8
| align="right" | 13.8
| 33.3
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.04
| align="right" | 24,244
|-
| 1962
| align="right" | 4,238,000
| align="right" | 83,899
| align="right" | 34,398
| align="right" | 49,501
| align="right" | 19.8
| align="right" | 8.1
| align="right" | 11.7
| 1.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.84
| align="right" | 23,784
|-
| 1963
| align="right" | 4,282,000
| align="right" | 87,158
| align="right" | 32,978
| align="right" | 54,180
| align="right" | 20.4
| align="right" | 7.7
| align="right" | 12.7
| -2.3
| style="color: blue" | 2.95
| align="right" | 19,076
|-
| 1964
| align="right" | 4,327,000
| align="right" | 86,878
| align="right" | 32,875
| align="right" | 54,003
| align="right" | 20.1
| style="color: blue" | 7.6
| align="right" | 12.5
| -2.0
| style="color: blue" | 2.91
| align="right" | 19,174
|-
| 1965
| align="right" | 4,371,000
| align="right" | 84,257
| align="right" | 35,910
| align="right" | 48,347
| align="right" | 19.3
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 11.1
| -0.9
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.80
| align="right" | 21,037
|-
| 1966
| align="right" | 4,412,000
| align="right" | 81,453
| align="right" | 36,357
| align="right" | 45,096
| align="right" | 18.5
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 10.2
| -0.8
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.68
| align="right" | 24,445
|-
| 1967
| align="right" | 4,449,000
| align="right" | 77,537
| align="right" | 35,458
| align="right" | 42,079
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 8.0
| align="right" | 9.5
| -1.1
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.50
| align="right" | 26,571
|-
| 1968
| align="right" | 4,484,000
| align="right" | 76,370
| align="right" | 38,076
| align="right" | 38,294
| align="right" | 17.0
| align="right" | 8.5
| align="right" | 8.5
| -0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.40
| align="right" | 27,398
|-
| 1969
| align="right" | 4,519,000
| align="right" | 79,769
| align="right" | 40,623
| align="right" | 39,146
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 8.7
| -0.9
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.43
| align="right" | 28,534
|-
| 1970
| align="right" | 4,550,000
| align="right" | 80,666
| align="right" | 42,240
| align="right" | 38,426
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 8.4
| -1.5
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.40
| align="right" | 27,873
|-
| 1971
| align="right" | 4,557,000
| align="right" | 83,062
| align="right" | 42,856
| align="right" | 40,206
| align="right" | 18.2
| align="right" | 9.4
| align="right" | 8.8
| -7.3
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.42
| align="right" | 28,619
|-
| 1972
| align="right" | 4,597,000
| align="right" | 87,794
| align="right" | 41,410
| align="right" | 46,384
| align="right" | 19.1
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 10.1
| -1.3
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.49
| align="right" | 26,213
|-
| 1973
| align="right" | 4,641,000
| align="right" | 92,953
| align="right" | 43,759
| align="right" | 49,194
| align="right" | 20.0
| align="right" | 9.4
| align="right" | 10.6
| -1.0
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.56
| align="right" | 25,335
|-
| 1974
| align="right" | 4,690,000
| align="right" | 97,585
| align="right" | 44,934
| align="right" | 52,651
| align="right" | 20.8
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 11.2
| -0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.60
| align="right" | 26,086
|-
| 1975
| align="right" | 4,739,000
| align="right" | 97,649
| align="right" | 45,248
| align="right" | 52,401
| align="right" | 20.6
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 11.1
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.53
| align="right" | 26,160
|-
| 1976
| align="right" | 4,790,000
| align="right" | 99,814
| align="right" | 45,420
| align="right" | 54,394
| align="right" | 20.8
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 11.4
| -0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.52
| align="right" | 27,700
|-
| 1977
| align="right" | 4,841,000
| align="right" | 99,533
| align="right" | 47,181
| align="right" | 52,352
| align="right" | 20.6
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 10.8
| -0.2
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.47
| align="right" | 27,875
|-
| 1978
| align="right" | 4,890,000
| align="right" | 100,193
| align="right" | 47,778
| align="right" | 52,415
| align="right" | 20.5
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 10.7
| -0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.45
| align="right" | 28,641
|-
| 1979
| align="right" | 4,939,000
| align="right" | 100,240
| align="right" | 47,837
| align="right" | 52,403
| align="right" | 20.3
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 10.6
| -0.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.44
| align="right" | 29,981
|-
| 1980
| align="right" | 4,996,000<ref>[https://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/en/VBD_SLOVSTAT/om2009rs/v_om2009rs_00_00_00_en datacube Slovakia, visited 23 december 2023]</ref>
| align="right" | 95,100
| align="right" | 50,579
| align="right" | 44,521
| align="right" | 19.1
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 8.9
| 2.6
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.31
| align="right" | 31,240
|-
| 1981
| align="right" | 5,036,000
| align="right" | 93,290
| align="right" | 49,632
| align="right" | 43,658
| align="right" | 18.6
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 8.7
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.28
| align="right" | 31,943
|-
| 1982
| align="right" | 5,074,000
| align="right" | 92,618
| align="right" | 50,393
| align="right" | 42,225
| align="right" | 18.3
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 8.4
| -0.9
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.26
| align="right" | 33,107
|-
| 1983
| align="right" | 5,110,000
| align="right" | 92,053
| align="right" | 52,433
| align="right" | 39,620
| align="right" | 18.1
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 7.8
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.27
| align="right" | 33,625
|-
| 1984
| align="right" | 5,145,000
| align="right" | 90,843
| align="right" | 51,739
| align="right" | 39,104
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 7.6
| -0.8
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.25
| align="right" | 34,268
|-
| 1985
| align="right" | 5,179,000
| align="right" | 90,155
| align="right" | 52,464
| align="right" | 37,691
| align="right" | 17.5
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 7.3
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.26
| align="right" | 36,283
|-
| 1986
| align="right" | 5,209,000
| align="right" | 87,138
| align="right" | 53,233
| align="right" | 33,905
| align="right" | 16.8
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 6.5
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.20
| align="right" | 40,624
|-
| 1987
| align="right" | 5,237,000
| align="right" | 84,006
| align="right" | 52,980
| align="right" | 31,026
| align="right" | 16.1
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 5.9
| -0.5
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.18
| align="right" | 49,690
|-
| 1988
| align="right" | 5,264,000
| align="right" | 83,242
| align="right" | 52,475
| align="right" | 30,767
| align="right" | 15.9
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 5.9
| -0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.15
| align="right" | 51,000
|-
| 1989
| align="right" | 5,288,000
| align="right" | 80,116
| align="right" | 53,902
| align="right" | 26,214
| align="right" | 15.2
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 5.0
| -0.4
| align="right" | 2.08
| align="right" | 48,602
|-
| 1990
| align="right" | 5,311,000
| align="right" | 79,989
| align="right" | 54,619
| align="right" | 25,370
| align="right" | 15.1
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 4.8
| -0.5
| align="right" | 2.09
| align="right" | 48,437
|-
| 1991
| align="right" | 5,296,000
| align="right" | 78,569
| align="right" | 54,618
| align="right" | 23,951
| align="right" | 14.9
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 4.5
| -7.3
| align="right" | 2.05
| align="right" | 45,902
|-
| 1992
| align="right" | 5,314,000
| align="right" | 74,640
| align="right" | 53,423
| align="right" | 21,217
| align="right" | 14.1
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 4.0
| -0.6
| align="right" | 1.99
| align="right" | 42,626
|-
| 1993
| align="right" | 5,336,000
| align="right" | 73,256
| align="right" | 52,707
| align="right" | 20,549
| align="right" | 13.8
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 3.9
| 0.2
| align="right" | 1.93
| align="right" | 38,815
|-
| 1994
| align="right" | 5,356,000
| align="right" | 66,370
| align="right" | 51,386
| align="right" | 14,984
| align="right" | 12.4
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 2.8
| 0.9
| align="right" | 1.67
| align="right" | 34,883
|-
| 1995
| align="right" | 5,368,000
| align="right" | 61,427
| align="right" | 52,686
| align="right" | 8,741
| align="right" | 11.5
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 1.6
| 0.6
| align="right" | 1.52
| align="right" | 29,409
|-
| 1996
| align="right" | 5,379,000
| align="right" | 60,123
| align="right" | 51,236
| align="right" | 8,887
| align="right" | 11.2
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 1.7
| 0.3
| align="right" | 1.47
| align="right" | 25,173
|-
| 1997
| align="right" | 5,388,000
| align="right" | 59,310
| align="right" | 52,080
| align="right" | 7,230
| align="right" | 11.0
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 1.3
| 0.4
| align="right" | 1.43
| align="right" | 22,318
|-
| 1998
| align="right" | 5,393,000
| align="right" | 57,582
| align="right" | 53,156
| align="right" | 4,426
| align="right" | 10.7
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 0.8
| 0.1
| align="right" | 1.37
| align="right" | 21,109
|-
| 1999
| align="right" | 5,399,000
| align="right" | 56,223
| align="right" | 52,402
| align="right" | 3,821
| align="right" | 10.4
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 0.7
| 0.4
| align="right" | 1.33
| align="right" | 19,949
|-
| 2000
| align="right" | 5,403,000
| align="right" | 55,151
| align="right" | 52,724
| align="right" | 2,427
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 0.4
| 0.3
| align="right" | 1.30
| align="right" | 18,468
|-
| 2001
| align="right" | 5,379,000
| align="right" | 51,136
| align="right" | 51,980
| style="color: red" | -844
| 9.5
| align="right" | 9.7
| style="color: red" | -0.2
| -4.2
| align="right" | 1.20
| align="right" | 18,026
|-
| 2002
| align="right" | 5,379,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 50,841
| align="right" | 51,532
| align="right" style="color: red" | -691
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" style="color: red" | -0.1
| 0.1
| align="right" style="color: red" | 1.19
| align="right" | 17,382
|-
| 2003
| align="right" | 5,380,000
| align="right" | 51,713
| align="right" | 52,230
| align="right" style="color: red" | -517
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" style="color: red" | -0.1
| 0.3
| align="right" | 1.20
| align="right" | 16,222
|-
| 2004
| align="right" | 5,385,000
| align="right" | 53,747
| align="right" | 51,852
| align="right" | 1,895
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 0.4
| 0.5
| align="right" | 1.25
| align="right" | 15,307
|-
| 2005
| align="right" | 5,389,000
| align="right" | 54,430
| align="right" | 53,475
| align="right" | 955
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 0.2
| 0.5
| align="right" | 1.27
| align="right" | 14,427
|-
| 2006
| align="right" | 5,394,000
| align="right" | 53,904
| align="right" | 53,301
| align="right" | 603
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 0.1
| 0.8
| align="right" | 1.26
| align="right" | 14,243
|-
| 2007
| align="right" | 5,401,000
| align="right" | 54,424
| align="right" | 53,856
| align="right" | 568
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 0.1
| 1.2
| align="right" | 1.27
| align="right" | 13,424
|-
| 2008
| align="right" | 5,412,000
| align="right" | 57,360
| align="right" | 53,164
| align="right" | 4,196
| align="right" | 10.6
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 0.8
| 1.2
| align="right" | 1.34
| align="right" | 13,394
|-
| 2009
| align="right" | 5,425,000
| align="right" | 61,217
| align="right" | 52,913
| align="right" | 8,304
| align="right" | 11.3
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 1.5
| 0.9
| align="right" | 1.44
| align="right" | 13,240
|-
| 2010
| align="right" | 5,435,000
| align="right" | 60,410
| align="right" | 53,445
| align="right" | 6,965
| align="right" | 11.1
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 1.3
| 0.5
| align="right" | 1.43
| align="right" | 12,582
|-
| 2011
| align="right" | 5,404,000
| align="right" | 60,813
| align="right" | 51,903
| align="right" | 8,910
| align="right" | 11.3
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 1.7
| -7.4
| align="right" | 1.45
| align="right" | 11,789
|-
| 2012
| align="right" | 5,411,000
| align="right" | 55,535
| align="right" | 52,437
| align="right" | 3,098
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 0.6
| 0.7
| align="right" | 1.34
| align="right" | 11,214
|-
| 2013
| align="right" | 5,416,000
| align="right" | 54,823
| align="right" | 52,089
| align="right" | 2,734
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 0.5
| 0.4
| align="right" | 1.34
| align="right" | 11,105
|-
| 2014
| align="right" | 5,421,000
| align="right" | 55,033
| align="right" | 51,346
| align="right" | 3,687
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 0.7
| 0.2
| align="right" | 1.37
| align="right" | 10,582
|-
| 2015
| align="right" | 5,426,000
| align="right" | 55,604
| align="right" | 53,826
| align="right" | 1,778
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 0.4
| 0.5
| align="right" | 1.40
| align="right" | 10,058
|-
|2016
| align="right" | 5,435,000
| align="right" | 57,557
| align="right" | 52,351
| align="right" | 5,206
| align="right" | 10.6
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 1.0
| 0.7
| align="right" | 1.48
| align="right" |9,390
|-
| 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=3023|title=Štatistický úrad SR|website=Portal.statistics.sk|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=7 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207161437/http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=3023|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infostat.sk/vdc/en/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=35|title=Main demographic data|website=Infostat.sk|access-date=29 August 2017}}</ref>
| align="right" | 5,443,000
| align="right" | 57,969
| align="right" | 53,914
| align="right" | 4,055
| align="right" | 10.7
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 0.8
| 0.7
| align="right" | 1.52
| align="right" | 9,083
|-
|2018
| align="right" | 5,450,000
| align="right" | 57,639
| align="right" | 54,293
| align="right" | 3,346
| align="right" | 10.6
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 0.6
| 0.7
| align="right" | 1.54
| align="right" | 9,039
|-
|2019
| align="right" | 5,458,000
| align="right" | 57,054
| align="right" | 53,234
| align="right" | 3,820
| align="right" | 10.5
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 0.7
| 1.4
| align="right" | 1.57
| align="right" | 6,682
|-
|2020<ref>{{cite web|url=https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/products/informationmessages/inf_sprava_detail/06b04712-ca08-4bd6-a9ad-f4bbaa6acab0|title=Štatistický úrad SR|website=Portal.statistics.sk}}</ref>
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" | 5,459,781
| align="right" | 56,650
| align="right" | 59,089
| align="right" style="color: red" | -2,439
| align="right" | 10.4
| align="right" | 10.8
| align="right" style="color: red" | -0.4
| 0.8
| align="right" | 1.59
| align="right" | 6,180
|-
|2021
| align="right" | 5,434,712
| align="right" | 56,565
| align="right" style="color: red" | 73,461
| align="right" style="color: red" | -16,896
| align="right" | 10.4
| align="right" | 13.5
| align="right" style="color: red" | -3.1
| -1.5
| align="right" | 1.63
| align="right" | 5,552
|-
|2022
| align="right" | 5,428,800
| align="right" | 52,668
| align="right" | 59,583
| align="right" style="color: red" | -6,915
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 11.0
| align="right" style="color: red" | -1.3
| 0.2
| align="right" | 1.57
| align="right" | 5,891
|-
|2023
| align="right" | 5,424,687
| align="right" | 48,627
| align="right" | 54,133
| align="right" style="color: red" | -5,506
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" style="color: red" | -1.0
| 0.3
| align="right" | 1.49
| align="right" | 5,910
|-
|2024
| align="right" | 5,419,451
| align="right" style="color: red" | 46,241
| align="right" | 53,876
| align="right" style="color: red" | -7,635
| align="right" style="color: red" | 8.5
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" style="color: red" | -1.4
| 0.4
| align="right" | 1.46
| align="right" | 
|-
|}

===Current vital statistics===
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January—July 2024'''
| 27,130
| 31,050
| -3,920
|-
| '''January—July 2025'''
| 24,379
| 31,261
| -6,882
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{decrease}} -2,751 (-10.14%)
| {{increasenegative}} +211 (+0.68%)
| {{decrease}} -2,962
|-
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center;" | '''Source:'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Population Change|url=https://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/en/VBD_DEM/om7104mr/v_om7104mr_00_00_00_en}}</ref>
|}

===Total fertility rates by region===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ 2022<ref>{{Cite web |title=Total fertility rate by NUTS 3 region |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_find3__custom_11217538/default/table?lang=en |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
!Regions
!TFR
|-
|{{flag|Banská Bystrica Region}}
|1.51
|-
|[[Stredné Slovensko]]
|1.50
|-
|{{flag|Žilina Region}}
|1.50
|-
|{{flag|Bratislava Region}}
|1.44
|-
|{{flag|Bratislava Region}}
|1.44
|-
|{{flag|Trnava Region}}
|1.42
|-
|{{flag|Nitra Region}}
|1.41
|-
|[[Western Slovakia]]
|1.39
|-
|{{flag|Trenčín Region}}
|1.35
|}

===Structure of the population===

{{Hidden begin 
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.I.2021): <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 2 666 486
| align="right" | 2 793 295 
| align="right" | 5 459 781
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 151 050
| align="right" | 143 932
| align="right" | 294 982
| align="right" | 5.40
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 148 703 
| align="right" | 141 292
| align="right" | 289 995
| align="right" | 5.31
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 145 175
| align="right" | 138 142
| align="right" | 283 317
| align="right" | 5.19
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 134 762
| align="right" | 127 412
| align="right" | 262 174 
| align="right" | 4.80
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 146 693
| align="right" | 139 514
| align="right" | 286 207
| align="right" | 5.24
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 178 989
| align="right" | 171 583
| align="right" | 350 572
| align="right" | 6.42
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 205 583
| align="right" | 197 417
| align="right" | 403 000
| align="right" | 7.38
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 223 148
| align="right" | 210 774
| align="right" | 433 922
| align="right" | 7.95
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 233 997
| align="right" | 219 935
| align="right" | 453 932
| align="right" | 8.31
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 210 693
| align="right" | 203 524
| align="right" | 414 217
| align="right" | 7.59
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 172 944
| align="right" | 172 772
| align="right" | 345 716
| align="right" | 6.33
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 174 312
| align="right" | 181 729
| align="right" | 356 041
| align="right" | 6.52
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 167 771
| align="right" | 185 911
| align="right" | 353 682
| align="right" | 6.48
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 150 908
| align="right" | 184 068
| align="right" | 334 976
| align="right" | 6.14
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 103 829
| align="right" | 143 803
| align="right" | 247 632
| align="right" | 4.54
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 59 778
| align="right" | 100 517
| align="right" | 160 295
| align="right" | 2.94
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 34 122
| align="right" | 69 918
| align="right" | 104 040
| align="right" | 1.91
|-
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 16 505
| align="right" | 40 150
| align="right" | 56 655
| align="right" | 1.04
|-
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 5 395
| align="right" | 15 678
| align="right" | 21 073
| align="right" | 0.39
|-
| align="right" | 95-99
| align="right" | 1 462
| align="right" | 4 076
| align="right" | 5 538
| align="right" | 0.10
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 667
| align="right" | 1 148
| align="right" | 1 815
| align="right" | 0.03
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 444 928
| align="right" | 423 366
| align="right" | 868 294
| align="right" | 15.90
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 1 848 892
| align="right" | 1 810 571
| align="right" | 3 659 463
| align="right" | 67.03
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 372 666
| align="right" | 559 358
| align="right" | 932 024
| align="right" | 17.07
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

==Languages==
Slovak (official) 81.77%, Hungarian 8.48%, Roma 1.84%, [[Rusyn language|Rusyn]] 0.71%, other or unspecified 7.2% (2021 census)

== Employment and income ==

===Unemployment, youth ages 15–24===
:Total: 19.4%. Country comparison to the world: 81st
:Male: 98.6%
:Female: 21.2% (2020 est.)

==Ethnic groups==
[[Image:Slovakia 1910 Language.png|thumb|400px|right|Linguistic composition within the territory of modern Slovakia in 1910]]
[[File:Slovakia 2011 Ethnic.png|400px|thumb|Ethnic structure of Slovakia according to Census 2011]]
[[File:Slovakia 2021 Ethnic.png|left|400px|thumb|Ethnic structure of Slovakia in 2021]]
The majority of the 5.4 million inhabitants of [[Slovakia]] are [[Slovaks|Slovak]] (83.82%). [[Hungarians]] are the largest ethnic minority (7.75%) and are concentrated in the southern and eastern regions of Slovakia. Other ethnic groups include [[Roma people of Slovakia|Roma]] (1.23%), [[Czechs]], [[Croats in Slovakia|Croats]], [[Rusyns]], [[Ukrainians]], [[Carpathian Germans|Germans]], [[Polish people|Poles]], [[Gorals]], [[Serbs]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.contemporaryrelations.eu/1239/serbs-in-slovakia-granted-minority-status/ |title=Serbs in Slovakia granted minority status |access-date=2010-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918104925/http://www.contemporaryrelations.eu/1239/serbs-in-slovakia-granted-minority-status/ |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref> and [[Jews]] (about 2,300 remain of the estimated pre-[[World War II|WWII]] population of 120,000).

While both international organizations (the United Nations and the World Bank) and the official Slovak statistics office offer population figures for ethnic groups, these figures seldom come close to agreement. Figures for the Roma population (for a variety of reasons) vary between 1% and 10% of the population. In the most recent survey carried out by the Slovak Government's Roma Plenipotentiary, the figure for the percentage of Roma was arrived at through interview with municipality representatives and mayors, according to how many Roma they think live in their jurisdictions. The figure arrived at by this means was in the region of 300,000 (about 5.6%). Note that in the case of the 5.6%, however, the above percentages of Hungarians and Slovaks are lower accordingly.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Population of Slovakia according to ethnic group at censuses 1950–2021<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sodb.infostat.sk/sodb/eng/1848-2001/tab.III.2-2B_en.htm|title=Demographic data from population and housing censuses in Slovakia|website=Sodb.infostat.sk|access-date=29 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|title=Development of prices in production area in July 2017|website=Portal.statistics.sk|access-date=29 August 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715152521/http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|archive-date=15 July 2007}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="2" | Ethnic<br />group
! colspan="2" | 1950
! colspan="2" | 1961
! colspan="2" | 1970
! colspan="2" | 1980
! colspan="2" | 1991
! colspan="2" | 2001
! colspan="2" | 2011
! colspan="2" | 2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic composition of Slovakia 2021 |url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/slovakia-ethnic-loc2021.htm |access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
|-
| [[Slovaks]]
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 86.6
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 85.3
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 85.5
| align="right" | 4,317,008
| align="right" | 86.5
| align="right" | 4,519,328
| align="right" | 85.7
| align="right" | {{font color|blue|4,614,854}}
| align="right" | 85.8
| align="right" | 4,352,775
| align="right" | 80.7
| align="right" | 4,567,547
| align="right" |83.8
|-
| [[Hungarians]]
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 10.3
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 12.4
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 12.2
| align="right" | 559,490 || align="right" | 11.2 || align="right" | {{font color|blue|567,296}} || align="right" | 10.8 || align="right" | 520,528 || align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 458,467
| align="right" | 8.5
| align="right" | 422,065
| align="right" |7.7
|-
| [[Romani people|Romani]]<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | -
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | -
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | -
| align="right" | - || align="right" | - || align="right" | 75,802 || align="right" | 1.4 || align="right" | 89,920|| align="right" | 1.7
| align="right" | {{font color|blue|105,738}}
| align="right" | 2.0
| align="right" | 67,179
| align="right" | 1.2
|-
| [[Czechs]]
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 1.2
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 1.1
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 1.0
| align="right" | 57,197 || align="right" | 1.1 || align="right" | {{font color|blue|59,326}} || align="right" | 1.1 || align="right" | 44,620 || align="right" | 0.8
| align="right" | 30,367
| align="right" | 0.6
| align="right" | 28,996
| align="right" |0.5
|-
| [[Rusyns]]
| align="right" rowspan="2" | 
| align="right" rowspan="2" | 1.4
| align="right" rowspan="2" | 
| align="right" rowspan="2" | -
| align="right" rowspan="2"| 
| align="right" rowspan="2"| 0.9
| align="right" rowspan="2"| 36,850
| align="right" rowspan="2"| 0.7
| align="right" | 17,197 || align="right" | 0.3 || align="right" | 24,201 || align="right" | 0.4
| align="right" | {{font color|blue|33,482}}
| align="right" | 0.6
| align="right" | 23,746
| align="right" |0.4
|-
| [[Ukrainians]]
| align="right" | 13,281 || align="right" | 0.3 || align="right" | 10,814 || align="right" | 0.2
| align="right" | 7,430
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 9,451
| align="right" |0.2
|-
| Others
| rowspan="2" align="right" |
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 0.5
| rowspan="2" align="right" |
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 1.2
| rowspan="2" align="right" |
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 0.4
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 20,623
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 0.4
| rowspan="2" align="right" | 22,105 || rowspan="2" align="right" | 0.4 || rowspan="2" align="right" | 74,518 || rowspan="2" align="right" | 1.4
| align="right" | 26,284
| align="right" | 0.5
| align="right" | 34,728
| align="right" |0.6
|-
|Unknown
| align="right" |382,493
| align="right" |7.1
| align="right" |295,558
| align="right" |5.4
|-
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! align="left" | Total
! colspan="2" | 3,442,317
! colspan="2" | 4,174,046
! colspan="2" | 4,537,290
! colspan="2" | 4,991,168
! colspan="2" | 5,274,335
! colspan="2" | 5,379,455
! colspan="2" | 5,397,036
! colspan="2" | 5,450,421
|-
| colspan="17" | <sup>1</sup> <small>Before 1991 the Romani were not recognized as a separate ethnic group</small>
|}

The official state language is Slovak, and Hungarian is widely spoken in the southern regions.

Despite its modern [[Europe]]an economy and society, Slovakia has a significant rural element. About 45% of Slovaks live in villages with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants, and 14% in villages with fewer than 1,000.

==Immigration==

Foreign residents:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.minv.sk/?rocenky |title=Štatistický prehľad legálnej a nelegálnej migrácie v Slovenskej republike - I. polrok 2023}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! 2023 !! 2024 !! 2025
|-
! Total
| 294,607
| 327,372
| 342,048
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || 165,041 || 187,719 || 201,116
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}} || 19,065 || 19,067 || 16,240
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Czechia}} || 12,702 || 12,742 || 12,441
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Hungary}} || 9,606 || 9,754 || 9,759
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}} || 8,448 || 9,655 || 11,179
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || 8,092 || 8,674 || 8,850
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Romania}} || 6,756 || 6,586 || 6,411
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Poland}} || 6,072 || 6,054 || 5,994
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Germany}} || 4,497 || 4,472 || 4,451
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || 4,245 || 5,760 || 4,676
|-
| {{flag|North Macedonia}} || 3,510 || 3,689 || 3,211
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Italy}} || 2,977 || 3,067 || 3,252
|-
| {{flag|China}} || 2,791 || 3,016 || 3,323
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 2,706 || 2,707 || 2,591
|-
| {{flag|India}} || 2,586 || 3,992 || 5,732
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Austria}} || 2,580 || 2,599 || 2,574
|-
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} || 1,753 || 1,708 || 1,365
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Bulgaria}} || 1,602 || 1,546 || 1,531
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|France}} || 1,540 || 1,518 || 1,468
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}} || 1,497 || 1,569 || 1,619
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || 1,319 || 1,723 || 1,814
|-
| {{flag|Albania}} || 1,224 || 1,671 || 1,346
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || 1,223 || 1,389 || 1,525
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Spain}} || 1,184 || 1,151 || 1,090
|-
| {{flag|Iran}} || 1,179 || 1,175 || 1,136
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || 1,176 || 1,436 || 1,546
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || 1,147 || 1,368 || 1,379
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Croatia}} || 1,100 || 1,081 || 1,067
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} || 1,033 || 1,462 || 1,717
|-
| Others/undeclared || 15,416 || 19,022 || 21,645
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"
|+Slovakia net migration, 1993–2024
! Year !! Immigrants !! Emigrants !! Net migration
|-
| 1993 || 9,106 || 7,355 || 1,751
|-
| 1995 || 3,055 || 213 || 2,842
|-
| 1996 || 2,477 || 222 || 2,255
|-
| 1997 || 2,303 || 572 || 1,731
|-
| 1998 || 2,052 || 746 || 1,306
|-
| 1999 || 2,072 || 618 || 1,454
|-
| 2000 || 2,274 || 811 || 1,463
|-
| 2001 || 2,023 || 1,011 || 1,012
|-
| 2002 || 2,312 || 1,411 || 901
|-
| 2003 || 2,603 || 1,194 || 1,409
|-
| 2004 || 4,460 || 1,586 || 2,874
|-
| 2005 || 5,276 || 1,873 || 3,403
|-
| 2006 || 5,589 || 1,735 || 3,854
|-
| 2007 || 8,624 || 1,831 || 6,793
|-
| 2008 || 8,765 || 1,705 || 7,060
|-
| 2009 || 6,346 || 1,979 || 4,367
|-
| 2010 || 5,272 || 1,889 || 3,383
|-
| 2011 || 4,829 || 1,863 || 2,966
|-
| 2012 || 5,419 || 2,003 || 3,416
|-
| 2013 || 5,149 || 2,770 || 2,379
|-
| 2014 || 5,357 || 3,644 || 1,713
|-
| 2015 || 6,997 || 3,870 || 3,127
|-
| 2016 || 7,686 || 3,801 || 3,885
|-
| 2017 || 7,188 || 3,466 || 3,722
|-
| 2018 || 7,253 || 3,298 || 3,955
|-
| 2019 || 7,016 || 3,384 || 3,632
|-
| 2020 || 6,775 || 2,428 || 4,347
|-
| 2021 || 5,733 || 3,395 || 2,338
|-
| 2022 || 5,463 || 4,468 || 995
|-
| 2023 || 5,923 || 4,522 || 1,401
|-
| 2024 || 6,824 || 4,425 || 2,399
|}
<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics Slovakia|url=https://www.statistics.sk|website=Statistics Slovakia|access-date=2024-06-14}}</ref>

==Religion==
{{main|Religion in Slovakia}}
[[File:Slovakia 2011 Religion.png|thumb|500px|Religious structure of Slovakia in 2011]]
The Slovak constitution guarantees [[freedom of religion]]. At the 2021 census, the majority of Slovak citizens (55.76%) practise [[Roman Catholicism]]; the second-largest group consider themselves atheists (23.79%). About 5.27% are [[Protestantism|Protestants]], 4% are [[Slovak Greek Catholic Church|Greek Catholics]], 1.56% are [[Reformed Christian]], and 0.93% are [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]].

==See also==
* [[Roma in Slovakia]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.sk/|title=New Page 1|website=Statistics.sk|access-date=29 August 2017}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.infostat.sk/vdc/en/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=35|title=Main demographic data|website=Infostat.sk|access-date=29 August 2017}}
* (in Czech) summary of villages in Hungary in 1864 - 1865, [[Alexej Leonidovich Petrov|PETROV, Alexej Leonidovich]]. [http://digitalna.kniznica.info/s/cs7RxFayKI ''Sborník Fr. Pestyho Helység névtara-Seznam osad v Uhrách z r. 1864-65, : jako pramen historicko-demografických údajů o slovenských a karpatoruských osadách.''] Praha :  Česká akademie věd a umění, 1927. 174 s. - available online at [[University Library in Bratislava Digital Library]]

{{Slovakia topics}}
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{{Demographics of Europe}}

[[Category:Demographics of Slovakia| ]]
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