View source for Demographics of Manhattan

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[[File:Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop.jpg|thumb|300px|Looking down [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] in [[Midtown Manhattan]]. As of the [[2020 U.S. Census]], Manhattan (New York County) was home to {{convert|74870.7|PD/sqmi}}, rendering it the most densely populated [[municipality]] in the United States.|alt=Looking at crowds down Broadway]]
{{NYC boroughs}}

New York County, coterminous with the [[New York City]] [[borough (New York City)|borough]] of [[Manhattan]], is the most densely populated [[U.S. county]], with a density of {{convert|70,825.6|/mi2|/km2|abbr=on}} as of 2013. In 1910, it reached a peak of {{convert|101,548|/mi2|/km2|abbr=on}}. The county is one of the original [[list of counties in New York|counties of New York State]].

==Demographics from the 2020 census==
{{Historical populations
|type= USA
|1656|1000
|1698|4937
|1712|5841
|1723|7248
|1731|8622
|1746|11717
|1756|13040
|1771|21863
|1786|23614
|1790|33131
|1800|60489
|1810|96373
|1820|123706
|1830|202589
|1840|312710
|1850|515547
|1860|813669
|1870|942292
|1880|1164674
|1890|1441216
|1900|1850093
|1910|2331542
|1920|2284103
|1930|1867312
|1940|1889924
|1950|1960101
|1960|1698281
|1970|1539233
|1980|1428285
|1990|1487536
|2000|1537195
|2010|1585873
|2020|1694251
|footnote='''Sources:'''<ref name=ManhattanQuickFacts>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/36061,00|title=New York County (Manhattan Borough), New York State & County QuickFacts|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/twps0027.html|title=Population of the 100 largest cities and other urban places in the United States: 1790 to 1990|author=Campbell Gibson|publisher=United States Bureau of the Census|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102182532/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/twps0027.html|archive-date=January 2, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ColonialPop">{{cite book |author=United States Census Bureau |year=1909 |title=A Century of Population Growth |chapter=Population in the Colonial and Continental Periods |chapter-url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00165897ch01.pdf |page=11 |access-date=2023-08-12 |archive-date=2021-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804062114/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00165897ch01.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=2020CensusMap>{{cite web |url=https://mtgis-portal.geo.census.gov/arcgis/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=2566121a73de463995ed2b2fd7ff6eb7 |title=A Story Map: 2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=August 12, 2021}}</ref>
}}
According to [[New York City Department of City Planning]]'s 2020 census, there were a total of 1,694,251 residents with 793,294 White residents making up 46.8%, 402,640 Hispanic residents making up 23.8%, 219,624 Asian residents making up 13.0%, and 199,592 Black residents making up 11.8%. For a long time, the Asian population in the borough had always been at the lowest ranking in the borough, but in 2020, for the first time in history, the Asian population has surpassed the Black population in the borough, meanwhile the Black population has now fallen to the lowest population ranking. The Hispanic population still makes up the largest non-white population in the borough.<ref>{{cite web | title=Map: Race and ethnicity across the US | website=CNN | date=August 14, 2021 | url=https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2021/us/census-race-ethnicity-map/ | access-date=November 7, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf|title=Key Population & Housing Characteristics; 2020 Census Results for New York City|publisher=[[New York City Department of City Planning]]|date=August 2021|access-date=November 7, 2021|pages=21, 25, 29, 33}}</ref>

From 2010 to 2020, only the White and Asian populations and other racial group populations increased while the Hispanic and Black populations declined. Of the population gains from 2010 to 2020, the White population went from 761,493 residents at 48.0% to 793,294 residents at 46.8%, a gain of 31,801 residents or 4.2%, though because of increases from other racial groups, the White population percentage portion out of the total Manhattan population did slightly drop, the Asian population went from 177,624 residents at 11.2% to 219,624 residents at 13.0%, a gain of 42,000 or 23.6% and they contributed to the largest increase in population in the borough, Some Other Race population went from 7,882 residents at 0.5% to 16,112 residents at 1.0%, a gain of 8,230 residents or 104.4%, the multiracial population went from 29,957 residents at 1.9% to 62,989 residents at 3.7%, a gain of 33,032 residents or 110.3%. Of the population declines from 2010 to 2020, the Hispanic population went from 403,577 residents at 25.4% to 402,640 residents at 23.8% a decline of -937 residents or -0.2, though the Hispanic population decline was very minor whereas the Black population had the largest decline of all racial groups in Manhattan going from 205,340 residents at 12.9% to 199,592 residents at 11.8%, a decline of -5,748 residents or -2.8%.<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 Census Results for New York City: Key Population & Housing Characteristics |url=https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf?r=3#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A117%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22FitR%22%7D%2C-90%2C-50%2C1317%2C841%5D |publisher=Population Division-NYC DCP |access-date=20 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531230631/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/census2020/dcp_2020-census-briefing-booklet-1.pdf?r=3 |archive-date=31 May 2023 |page=15}}</ref>

== Demographics from the 2010 census ==
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]], there were 1,585,873 people living in Manhattan, an increase of 3.2% since 2000. Since 2010, Manhattan's population was estimated by the Census Bureau to have increased 2.5% to 1,626,159 as of 2013, representing 19.3% of the city's population and 8.3% of the state's population.<ref name=Manhattanquickfacts>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36061.html|title=State and County QuickFacts: New York County (Manhattan Borough), New York|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 30, 2014|archive-date=May 6, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506191706/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36061.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=NYCquickfacts>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/3651000.html|title=State and County QuickFacts: New York (city), New York|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 30, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720153020/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/3651000.html|archive-date=July 20, 2014}}</ref>

According to the 2010 Census, 48.0% of the population was non-Hispanic White, 12.9% non-Hispanic Black or African American, 0.1% non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native, 11.2%  non-Hispanic Asian, 0.3% from some other race (non-Hispanic) and 1.9% of two or more races (non-Hispanic). 25.4% of Manhattan's population was of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |title=U.S. Census website |access-date=2016-05-10 }}</ref>

Manhattan has the second highest percentage of [[non-Hispanic Whites]] (48%) of New York City's boroughs, after Staten Island (where non-Hispanic Whites make 64.0% of the residents).

== Demographics from the 2000 census ==
In the 2000 census, there were 1,537,195 people, 738,644 households, and 302,105 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|25,859.8|/km2|/mi2|disp=preunit|people|people|abbr=on}}. There were 798,144 housing units at an average density of {{convert|13,421.8|/km2|/mi2|disp=preunit|units|units|abbr=on}}. The racial makeup of the county was 54.36% [[Race (United States Census)|White]]   (45.79% White Non-Hispanic), 9.40% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.07% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 17.39% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.50% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 14.14% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 4.14% from two or more races. 27.18% of the population were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] of any race. 29.43% of the population was foreign born; of this, 48.4% came from Latin America, 27.1% from Asia, 18.4% from Europe and 6.1% from other parts of the world.<ref>[https://archive.today/20200212042717/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=05000US36061&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US36%7C05000US36061&_street=&_county=new+york+county&_cityTown=new+york+county&_state=&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=ACS_2006_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null:null&_keyword=&_industry= Census 2000 Demographic Profile: New York County]. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.</ref>

The census of 2000 showed that the neighborhoods of [[Lower Manhattan]] (i.e., Manhattan south of Houston street) had a sharply different population than the rest of the borough with 41% Asian, 32% white (non-Hispanic), 19% Hispanic, and 6% black. In addition, 43% of the inhabitants were immigrants. The high number of immigrants are related to those in Chinatown, whose population accounts for 55% of the total of Lower Manhattan. {{citation needed|date=October 2010}}

== 2009 American community survey ==

[[File:Ethnic Origins in Manhattan.png|thumb|Ethnic origins in Manhattan]]

According to the 2009 American Community Survey, [[White American]]s made up 58.9% of Manhattan's population; [[non-Hispanic whites]] made up 50.7% of the population. [[Black American]]s made up 15.5% of Manhattan's population; non-Hispanic blacks made up 13.0% of the population; [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] made up 0.3% of the population; [[Asian American]]s made up 10.3% of the population; [[Multiracial American]]s made up 3.4% of the population; [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics and Latinos]] made up 23.8% of Manhattan's population.<ref name="census1">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=05000US36061&-qr_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_DP5&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=309&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= New York County, New York – ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2009] {{webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200210220402/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=05000US36061&-qr_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_DP5&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=309&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= |date=February 10, 2020 }}. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.</ref>
White Americans are the largest racial group in Manhattan; whites make up 58.9% of the borough's population. Whites of non-Hispanic origin form a slight majority, making up 50.7% of the population. Of Manhattan's 1,630,000 people, 960,000 are white, of which 825,000 are non-Hispanic whites. Manhattan's white population is ethnically heterogeneous. [[German American]]s are the largest Euro-American ethnic group in the borough, making up 7.2% of the population. [[Irish American]]s and [[Italian American]]s make up 6.9% and 5.5% of the population, respectively. [[Russian American]]s are also sizable, making up 6.2% of the populace. Americans of [[English American|English descent]] form 5.2% of the borough's population, and [[Polish American]]s make up 4.8% of the populace. Americans of [[French American|French descent]] make up 1.9% of Manhattan's population, while those of [[Scottish American|Scottish descent]] form 1.3% of the populace. [[American Jews|Jewish Americans]], most of whom self-identify as "white" under the U.S. Census classifications, are most concentrated in the [[Upper West Side]], [[Upper East Side]], and [[Midtown, Manhattan|Midtown]] regions of Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishexperience.org/|title=Home – Manhattan Jewish Experience|website=Manhattan Jewish Experience}}</ref>

Black Americans make up 15.5% of the borough's population and are concentrated primarily in the Upper Manhattan region of [[Harlem]]. The percentage of Blacks in Manhattan has continually been on the decline since the end of World War II.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} This is in large part due to the exodus of Black residents from Harlem which peaked in population in 1950{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} and the establishment of Black communities in the other boroughs such as [[Bedstuy|Bedford Stuyvesant, Brooklyn]], Southeast Queens, and the Northeast Bronx. Blacks of non-Hispanic origin form 13.0% of the population. Roughly 253,000 are black, of which 211,000 are non-Hispanic blacks. Roughly 27,000 residents reported their ancestry as ''Sub-Saharan African'' in the survey, which is equal to 1.6% of Manhattan's population. Included in the African descendant population in Harlem are African immigrants and Afro-Caribbeans from the [[West Indies]]. Harlem has seen a pattern of [[gentrification]] and a wave of new businesses came to the section during the 1990s and it is home of an increasingly large upper-class of all races, but the majority happen to be African-American.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0104/feature6/zoom1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202152526/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0104/feature6/zoom1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 2, 2010|title=ZipUSA: Harlem, New York @ nationalgeographic.com|website=ngm.nationalgeographic.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0104/feature6/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328161746/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0104/feature6/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 28, 2008|title=ZipUSA: Harlem, New York @ nationalgeographic.com|website=ngm.nationalgeographic.com}}</ref>

Native Americans are one of the borough's smallest ethnic minority groups. Only 5,500 individuals of the borough's 1.6 million people are Native Americans. The number of Native Americans who are of non-Hispanic origin is even smaller. Roughly 1,370 residents are Native Americans of non-Hispanic descent, which is 0.1% of the population. In addition, people who are of mixed Caucasian and Native American ancestry make up 0.2% of the population. There are a number of [[Mohawks]] indigenous to the New York city area and/or Upstate New York, and many Mohawks arrived in the 1930s to work in the skyscraper building construction industry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/mohawk-indians-ironworkers-skyscrapers-2795802.html?cat=37|title=Yahoo|website=Yahoo|access-date=2012-09-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806101614/http://voices.yahoo.com/mohawk-indians-ironworkers-skyscrapers-2795802.html?cat=37|archive-date=2012-08-06|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=October 2015}}

[[File:chinatown manhattan 2009.JPG|thumb|left| [[Manhattan Chinatown]] ]]
Asian Americans are one of the borough's larger racial groups. Asians represent 10.3% of Manhattan's population. Asians of non-Hispanic origin make up 10.2% of the population. Like the Caucasian population, the Asian population is ethnically heterogeneous. [[Chinese American]]s make up the majority of the Asian population. Of Manhattan's 168,000 Asians, some 90,000 are of Chinese descent (5.6% of the population). Roughly 21,000 residents are of [[Indian American|Indian]] descent. Manhattan is home to over 16,300 [[Korean American|Koreans]], 15,200 [[Japanese American|Japanese]], 11,800 [[Filipino American|Filipinos]], and nearly 3,000 [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]].[[File:koreatown manhattan 2009.JPG|thumb|32nd street in [[Koreatown, Manhattan|Manhattan's Koreatown]], 2009.]]

[[Pacific Islander American]]s are, by far, the smallest racial minority group in Manhattan. Just over 540 people identified themselves as such. Also, just above 270 individuals are Pacific Islanders of non-Hispanic origin.

Multiracial Americans are a smaller minority group in Manhattan, but they are sizable. Nearly 55,000 multiracial individuals call Manhattan home, and they make up 3.4% of the population. People of European American and African American heritage form 1.4% of the population, and number over 22,200 individuals. In addition, people of Caucasian and Asian heritage make up 0.8% of the population, and number over 13,400 individuals. People of African American and Native American heritage make up 0.1% of the population, and they number at nearly 1,800 individuals.

Hispanic and Latino Americans are the largest ethnic minority group in Manhattan. Over 387,000 Hispanics and Latinos represent 23.8% of Manhattan's total population. Significant groups include [[Puerto Rican Americans|Puerto Ricans]], [[Dominican Americans|Dominicans]] and [[Mexican American|Mexicans]]; Puerto Ricans make up 6.7% of the population, and number over 109,000 individuals. Mexicans make up 2.7% of the population, and number over 43,000 individuals. In addition, the borough is home to over 10,000 [[Cuban American|Cubans]]; people of Cuban descent form 0.6% of the population. Lastly, there are over 224,000 Hispanics that are of other ethnic groups, such as [[Ecuadorian American|Ecuadorian]], [[Salvadoran American|Salvadoran]], etc. These people collectively make up 13.8% of the population. Hispanics are numerous throughout the borough but most prominently in [[East Harlem]], [[Loisada]], and [[Washington Heights, Manhattan|Washington Heights]].<ref name="census1" /><ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=05000US36061&-qr_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_DP2&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=309&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= New York County, New York – Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2009] {{webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200210222433/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=05000US36061&-qr_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_DP2&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=309&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= |date=February 10, 2020 }}. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.</ref>

== Household income ==
There were 738,644 households, out of which 17.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 59.1% were non-families. 48.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county the population was spread out, with 16.8% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 38.3% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males. The largest age cohort in the county was 25–29(recent college graduates).<ref>[http://www.censusscope.org/us/s36/c61/chart_age.html Population Pyramid and Age Distribution Statistics]. CensusScope. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.</ref>

The median income for a household in the county was $47,030, and the median income for a family was $50,229. Males had a median income of $51,856 versus $45,712 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $42,922. About 17.6% of families and 20.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 31.8% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.

== Languages ==
As of 2010, 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents age 5 and older spoke [[English language|English]] at home as a [[primary language]], while 23.07% (347,033) spoke [[Spanish language|Spanish]], 5.33% (80,240) [[Chinese language|Chinese]], 2.03% (30,567) [[French language|French]], 0.78% (11,776) [[Japanese language|Japanese]], 0.77% (11,517) [[Russian language|Russian]], 0.72% (10,788) [[Korean language|Korean]], 0.70% (10,496) [[German languages|German]], 0.66% (9,868) [[Italian languages|Italian]], 0.64% (9,555) [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], and [[Languages of Africa|African languages]] were spoken as a [[main language]] by 0.48% (7,158) of the population over the age of five. In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population age 5 and older spoke a [[mother language]] other than English.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mla.org/cgi-shl/docstudio/docs.pl?map_data_results |title=New York County, New York |publisher=[[Modern Language Association]] |access-date=August 10, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815140430/http://www.mla.org/cgi-shl/docstudio/docs.pl?map_data_results |archive-date=August 15, 2013 }}</ref>

== Religion ==
New York County is diverse religiously and ethnically. According to a report by The Association of Religion Data,<ref>[http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/counties/36061_2000.asp The Association of Religion Data Archives | Maps & Reports] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211082116/http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/counties/36061_2000.asp |date=2012-12-11 }}. Thearda.com. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.</ref>  the largest religious affiliation in Manhattan is the [[Roman Catholic Church]], whose adherents constitute 564,505 persons (more than 36% of the population) and maintain 110 congregations. [[American Jews|Jewish-Americans]] comprise the second largest religious group, with 314,500 persons (around 20.5%), and have 102 congregations. Other large denominations include [[Protestantism|Protestants]] (139,732 adherents) and [[Muslims]] (37,078).

==Population density==

As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population density of New York County was {{convert|74870.7|PD/sqmi}}, the highest population density of any county in the United States.<ref name=ManhattanQuickFacts/> In 1910, at the height of European immigration to New York, Manhattan's population density reached a peak of {{convert|101,548|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people}}.<ref name=ManhattanQuickFacts/><ref name=NYCquickfacts/>

== See also ==

*[[Demographics of New York City]]
*[[Demographics of New York (state)]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{New York City}}
{{Demographics of the United States by state}}

[[Category:Manhattan]]
[[Category:Demographics of New York City|*Manhattan]]