View source for Delors Commission

{{Short description|1st Commission of the European Union}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{distinguish|Delors Committee}}
{{Infobox European Commission
| cabinet_name            = Delors Commissions
| cabinet_number          = 1st
| incumbent               = 
| image                   = Jacques Delors, to the CEC (cropped).jpg
| caption                 = 
| date_formed             = {{Start date|1985|01|05|df=y}}
| date_dissolved          = {{End date|1994|01|23|df=y}}
| commission_head         = [[Jacques Delors]]
| commission_head_history = 
| deputy_commission_head  =
| state_head              = 
| members_number          = 
| former_members_number   = 
| total_number            = 
| political_parties       = <!-- or | political_party = -->
| legislature_status      = 
| opposition_cabinet      = 
| opposition_party        = <!-- or | opposition_parties = -->
| opposition_leader       = <!-- or | opposition_leaders = -->
| election                = 
| last_election           = 
| legislature_term        = 
| budget                  = 
| advice_and_consent1     = 
| advice_and_consent2     = <!-- up to 5 times -->
| incoming_formation      = 
| outgoing_formation      = 
| predecessor             = [[Thorn Commission]]
| successor               = [[Santer Commission]]
}}
{{Politics of the European Union}}
The '''Delors Commission''' was the administration of [[Jacques Delors]], the eighth [[President of the European Commission]]. Delors presided over the [[European Commission]] for three terms (though the last one lasted for around a year). The first term lasted from 1985 to 1988, the second until 1992 and the final one until 1994, making Delors the longest serving president, and his Commission is also seen as the most successful at advancing European integration. It was the only Commission to serve three times, and Delors served five two-year terms (as they were then).<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/21/opinion/21iht-edgi_0.html A Bit More Delors Could Revamp the Commission]. ''International Herald Tribune''. 21 January 1992.</ref> The third Commission was the first Commission of the [[European Union]], the [[Maastricht Treaty]] having come into force in 1993.

==History==
The European Commissions led by Jacques Delors are regarded by some as the most successful in the [[European Union]]'s history at advancing integration. Delors himself became an icon of Euro-federalists and widely disliked by Eurosceptics, especially in Britain.<ref name="Eppink 07"/>

===Entrance===
[[File:Delors Commission I.jpg|thumb|The first Delors Commission]]
Delors entered office when [[eurosclerosis]] was at its height. The slow pace of enlargement, lack of democracy and economic problems caused that negative and apathetic attitudes to the Community were high. The preceding [[Thorn Commission]] was unable to exercise its authority to any meaningful extent in the face of the British vetoes on EU projects to force a more favourable agreement for it on the [[Budget of the European Union|Community budget]]. Delors had previously been one of the architects of the agreement at [[Fontainebleau]], which secured the [[UK rebate]], and Delors intended that the settling of the budget issue should herald a new era of [[European integration]].<ref name="Eppink 07">{{cite book | last = Eppink | first = Derk-Jan | author-link = Derk Jan Eppink | others = Ian Connerty (trans.) | title = Life of a European Mandarin: Inside the Commission | publisher = Lannoo | edition = 1st | pages = [https://archive.org/details/lifeofeuropeanma00eppi/page/20 20–7, 31] | location = Tielt, Belgium | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-90-209-7022-7 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/lifeofeuropeanma00eppi/page/20 }}</ref>

Following Delors' arrival in [[Brussels]], he visited the various member states and found the same complaint that Europe reacted too slowly to issues, but did find common agreement on the [[single market]], with its business and cultural meaning, and hence Delors placed it as his main priority with a date for its achievement: 1992 (''Objectif 1992''). Despite his modern reputation he was criticised by federalists for not going far enough, even earning criticism from [[Altiero Spinelli]] in the [[European Parliament]], but Delors defended his goals as pragmatic stating "we are all slaves to the circumstances" {{Citation needed|date=July 2018}}. To accomplish his goal of completing the single market, Delors had to master the political system of the community: with any member able to block a proposal in the [[Council of the European Union|Council]], Delors convinced leaders to introduce [[Qualified Majority Voting]] so the procedure could not grind to a halt as it did under the budget disagreement. Thus, Delors set [[Francis Cockfield, Baron Cockfield|Lord Cockfield]], his [[European Commissioner for Internal Market & Services|Internal Market Commissioner]], in drafting the legislation. Now, Cockfield's work is seen as highly precise and his knowledge of the system legendary.<ref name="Eppink 07"/>

===Achievements===
[[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F078267-0023, Bonn, Ministerpräsidenten mit EU-Kommissar Delors-CROPPED.jpg|thumb|President Delors in 1988]]
The Delors Commission gave a new momentum to the process of [[European integration]]. They 'completed' the internal market and laid the foundations for the single European currency. European [[Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union|Economic and Monetary Union]] was based on the three stage plan drawn up by a committee headed by Delors (the Delors Report). Delors and his Commissioners are considered the "[[Founding fathers of the European Union|founding fathers]]" of the euro. The groundwork and political persuasion was achieved through the work of the Commissioners leading to the signature of the [[Single European Act]] (SEA) in February 1986 and the [[Treaty of Maastricht]] in 1992.<ref name="Discover">{{cite web|title=Discover the former Presidents: The Delors Commission|publisher=[[Europa (web portal)]]|url=http://ec.europa.eu/commission_barroso/president/history/delors/index_en.htm|access-date=2007-08-23}}</ref>

The Delors Commission was also responsible for the creation of the [[Committee of the Regions]], having enshrined the idea of cohesion between EU states and regions in the SEA in 1986 leading Delors to propose the body in 1992. It was created in 1994 and the building the body occupies was named after Delors in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jones |first=Chris |title=Row over naming of 'Delors' EU building |publisher=TheParliament.com |date=18 September 2006 |url=http://www.theparliament.com/EN/News/200609/c7bd95bc-f034-4cf3-90b2-a0b6bb76a5f4.htm |access-date=2008-02-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071127083905/http://www.theparliament.com/EN/News/200609/c7bd95bc-f034-4cf3-90b2-a0b6bb76a5f4.htm |archive-date=27 November 2007 }}</ref> Delors' Commission oversaw a large degree of [[Enlargement of the European Union|expansion]]. The membership of Spain and Portugal came first in 1985; then the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] enabled the [[Reunification of Germany]]; and in 1995 came the [[1995 enlargement of the European Union|accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden]]. The Delors Commission also prepared the opening to the eastern countries who later joined in 2004.<ref name="Discover"/>

In 1988 Delors addressed the British [[Trade Union Congress]]; his speech about a ''social Europe'' was pivotal in turning [[Labour party (UK)|British Labour]] pro-European and the [[Conservative Party (UK)|British Conservatives]] against it.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mann|first=Nyta|title=How Europe splits the Tories|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=7 June 2007|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/uk/2001/uk_and_europe/1979_1990.stm|access-date=2007-06-07}}</ref> In 1992, as Delors' second term was coming to an end, the International Herald Tribune noted the effect of the Delors Commission, and the need for a third term;<ref name="IHT">{{cite web|last=Merritt |first=Giles |title=A Bit More Delors Could Revamp the Commission |work=[[International Herald Tribune]] |date=21 January 1992 |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/1992/01/21/edgi_0.php |access-date=2007-08-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124100011/http://www.iht.com/articles/1992/01/21/edgi_0.php |archive-date=24 November 2006 }}</ref>

{{cquote|
Mr. Delors rescued the European Community from the doldrums. He arrived when Europessimism was at its worst. Although he was a little-known former French finance minister, he breathed life and hope into the EC and into the dispirited Brussels Commission. In his first term, from 1985 to 1988, he rallied Europe to the call of the single market, and when appointed to a second term he began urging Europeans toward the far more ambitious goals of economic, monetary and political union.
}}

Following his entrance into a Europe of eurosclerosis, Delors had heralded 20 years of [[euphoria]].<ref name="Eppink 07"/> In contrast, the [[Santer Commission]] which succeeded Delors in 1995 was forced to resign over allegations of corruption and the [[Prodi Commission]] won little praise despite presiding over the 2004 enlargement and the implementation of the single currency.<ref name="BM">{{cite web|title=The new Commission – Some initial thoughts |publisher=Burson-Marsteller |year=2004 |url=http://www.bmbrussels.be/box_bmnewcomm.php |access-date=2007-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070925173727/http://www.bmbrussels.be/box_bmnewcomm.php |archive-date=25 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In opposition to the strident [[neoliberalism]] of American President Ronald Reagan (1981–1989) which dominated the American political agenda, Delors and his Commission promoted an alternative interpretation of capitalism that embedded it in the European social structure. He synthesized three themes.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Warlouzet, Laurent|title=Governing Europe in a globalizing world : neoliberalism and its alternatives following the 1973 oil crisis|year=2018|isbn=978-1-138-72942-1|location=London|oclc=1002269878}}</ref> From the left came favouring the [[redistribution of wealth]], and the protection of the weakest. Second a neo-mercantilist approach wanted to maximize European industrial output.  A third was reliance on the marketplace. His emphasis on the social nature of Europe is central to an important exceptionalism narrative that became central to the self identification of the European Union.<ref>Alessandra Bitumi, "'An uplifting tale of Europe'. Jacques Delors and the contradictory quest for a European social model in the Age of Reagan." ''Journal of Transatlantic Studies'' 16.3 (2018): 203–221 [http://www.academia.edu/download/61940641/An_uplifting_tale_of_Europe_Jacques_Delors_and_the_contradictory_quest_for_a_European_social_model_in_the_Age_of_Reagan20200130-80255-t7.pdf online]{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}.</ref>

===Major events===
[[File:Delors Commission II.jpg|thumb|The Second Delors Commission]]
The commission was the longest serving executive to date and oversaw many events in the history of the Union.
* 1985: [[Greenland]] leaves the Community. Gravier ruling by the [[European Court of Justice|ECJ]] on non-discrimination by nationality.
* 1986: Spain and Portugal join the Communities. The [[Single European Act]] is signed. Marshall ruling by the ECJ on non-discrimination by gender. The [[European flag]] is adopted by the Communities, it is raised outside the [[Berlaymont]].
* 1987: 30 years since the [[Treaties of Rome]]. Membership application submitted by [[Turkey]]. [[Single European Act]] enters into force.
* 1988: Delors asked to draw up a report on [[Economic and Monetary Union]] (the Delors Report). The [[General Court (European Union)|Court of First Instance]] is established. The Delors Package I was adopted, increasing the budget (notably for structural policy) and reforming the budgetary procedure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cvce.eu/en/education/unit-content/-/unit/02bb76df-d066-4c08-a58a-d4686a3e68ff/a58194ee-132e-44a4-9a73-2c760ce9010b|title=Reform of the Community budget:The Delors Packages – Historical events in the European integration process (1945–2014) – CVCE Website|website=cvce.eu|access-date=2020-04-17}}</ref>
* 1989: Cowan ruling by the ECJ on non-discrimination by nationality. Delors Report presented. Declaration of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms adopted by the [[European Parliament|Parliament]]. Third direct elections to Parliament held. Spain and Portugal join the [[European Monetary System]]. [[Berlin Wall]] falls, leading to agreements and accession of eastern countries. [[Lomé Convention]] signed. First [[European Union merger law|European Union Merger law]] adopted.
* 1990: Commission meets for 1000th time. [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] established. [[Schengen agreement]] signed. Reunification of Germany.
* 1991: Stoeckel ruling by the ECJ on non-discrimination by gender. [[ECHO (European Commission)|ECHO]] established. Energy Charter signed. [[USSR]] dissolves.
* 1992: [[Maastricht Treaty]] signed, Denmark fails to [[ratify]]. [[European Economic Area]] (EEA) agreement signed, Switzerland fails to ratify.
* 1993: Single European Market enters force. Maastricht is ratified and enters into force.
* 1994: [[European Monetary Institute]] established. EEA enters force. [[Committee of the Regions]] established. Accession negotiations for Austria, Norway, Sweden and Finland conclude. [[European Investment Fund]] established. Hungary and Poland apply to join. Fourth direct elections to the Parliament are held.

==Members==
The three Delors Commissions (generally known as "Delors I", Delors II" and "Delors III") had considerable continuity of membership and political balance, but there were nonetheless differences.

===First college===
This Commission served from 1985 to 1988, although the Spanish and Portuguese members only joined as from their countries' membership of the European Communities on 1 January 1986.

{| class=wikitable width=100%
|-
!width=40%|Portfolio
!Name
!State
!Party
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[President of the European Commission|President]]
|[[Jacques Delors]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Socialist Party (France)|Socialist Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Agriculture & Rural Development|Agriculture]] and [[European Commissioner for Fisheries & Maritime Affairs|fisheries]]
|[[Frans Andriessen]]<ref>Portfolio shared with [[António Cardoso e Cunha]] after Portugal joined the Community (5 January 1986)</ref>
|{{NLD}}
|[[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Financial Programming & the Budget|Budget, financial control]], [[European Commissioner for Administrative Affairs, Audit and Anti-Fraud|personnel and administration]]
|[[Henning Christophersen]]
|{{DNK}}
|[[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Internal Market & Services|Internal market]], [[European Commissioner for Taxation and Customs Union|tax law and customs]]
|[[Lord Cockfield]]
|{{UK}}
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|Social affairs, employment]] and [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|education]]
|[[Manuel Marin]]<ref name="ReferenceA">From 5 January 1986 after Spain joined the Community</ref>
|{{ESP}}
|[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|Industry]], [[European Commissioner for Information Society & Media|information technology]] and [[European Commissioner for Science & Research|science and research]]
|[[Karl-Heinz Narjes]]
|{{DEU}}
|[[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Development & Humanitarian Aid|Cooperation, development affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Enlargement|enlargement]]
|[[Lorenzo Natali]]
|{{ITA}}
|[[Christian Democracy (Italy)|DC]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for External Relations|Mediterranean policy and north–south relations]]
|[[Claude Cheysson]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Socialist Party (France)|Socialist Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[European Commissioner for External Relations|External relations]] and [[European Commissioner for Trade|trade policy]]
|[[Willy De Clercq]]
|{{BEL}}
|[[Flemish Liberals and Democrats|Liberal]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for the Environment|Environment]], [[European Commissioner for Consumer Protection|consumer protection]] and [[European Commissioner for Transport|transport]]
|[[Stanley Clinton Davis]]
|{{GBR}}
|[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Fisheries & Maritime Affairs|Fisheries]]
|[[António Cardoso e Cunha]]<ref>From 5 January 1986 after Portugal joined the Community</ref>
|{{PRT}}
|[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|Credit, investments, financial instruments and small & medium-sized enterprises]]
|[[Abel Matutes]]<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
|{{ESP}}
|[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Energy|Energy & Euratom]]
|[[Nicolas Mosar]]
|{{LUX}}
|[[Christian Social People's Party|CSV]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Economic & Financial Affairs|Economic affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|employment]]
|[[Alois Pfeiffer]]<ref>Until 1 August 1987, when replaced by [[Peter Schmidhuber]]</ref><ref name="Community 1986">Portfolio shared with [[Abel Matutes]] after Spain joined the Community (5 January 1986)</ref>
|{{DEU}}
|[[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|CSU]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Administrative Affairs, Audit and Anti-Fraud|Institutional reforms]], [[European Commissioner for Institutional Relations & Communication Strategy|information policy]], [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|culture and tourism]]
|[[Carlo Ripa di Meana]]
|{{ITA}}
|[[Italian Socialist Party|PSI]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Economic & Financial Affairs|Economic affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|employment]]
|[[Peter Schmidhuber]]<ref name="Community 1986"/><ref>From 22 September 1987, replacing [[Alois Pfeiffer]]</ref>
|{{DEU}}
|[[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|CSU]]
|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Commissioner for Competition|Competition]], [[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|social affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|education]] 
|[[Peter Sutherland]]<ref>Portfolio shared with [[Manuel Marin]] after Spain joined the Community (5 January 1986)</ref>
|{{IRL}}
|[[Fine Gael]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Inter-Institutional Relations and Administration|Relations with the European Parliament]], [[European Commissioner for Regional Policy|regional policy]] and [[European Commissioner for Consumer Protection|consumer protection]]
|[[Grigoris Varfis]]
|{{GRE}}
|[[Panhellenic Socialist Movement|PASOK]]
|-
|}

===Second college===
This Commission served from 1989 to 1992.

{| class=wikitable width=100%
|-
!width=40%|Portfolio
!Name
!State
!Party
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[President of the European Commission|President]]
|[[Jacques Delors]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for External Relations|External relations]] and [[European Commissioner for Trade|trade policy]]
|[[Frans Andriessen]]
|{{NLD}}
||[[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Internal Market & Services|Internal market]] and [[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|industrial affairs]]
|[[Martin Bangemann]]
|{{DEU}}
|[[Freie Demokratische Partei|FDP]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Competition|Competition]] and [[European Commissioner for Financial Programming & the Budget|financial institutions]]
|[[Leon Brittan|Sir Leon Brittan]]
|{{UK}}
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Economic & Financial Affairs|Economic & financial affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Development & Humanitarian Aid|coordination of structural funds]]
|[[Henning Christophersen]]
|{{DNK}}
|[[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Development & Humanitarian Aid|Cooperation, development]] and [[European Commissioner for Fisheries & Maritime Affairs|fisheries]]
|[[Manuel Marin]]
|{{ESP}}
|[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Science & Research|Science, research, development, telecommunications and innovation]]
|[[Filippo Maria Pandolfi]]
|{{ITA}}
|[[Christian Democracy (Italy)|DC]]
|------bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Energy|Energy, Euratom]], [[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|small businesses]]; [[European Commissioner for Administrative Affairs, Audit and Anti-Fraud|staff and translation]]
|[[António Cardoso e Cunha]]
|{{PRT}}
|[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]]
|-
|[[European Commissioner for Information Society & Media|Audiovisual]] and [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|cultural affairs]]
|[[Jean Dondelinger]]
|{{LUX}}
|None
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Agriculture & Rural Development|Agriculture and rural development]]
|[[Ray MacSharry]]  
|{{IRL}}
|[[Fianna Fáil]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for External Relations|Mediterranean and Latin American policy]]
|[[Abel Matutes]]
|{{ESP}}
|[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]
|------bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Transport|Transport]] and [[European Commissioner for Consumer Protection|consumer protection]]
|[[Karel Van Miert]]
|{{BEL}}
|[[Socialist Party (Belgium)|SP]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Regional Policy|Regional Policy]]
|[[Bruce Millan]]
|{{UK}}
|[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|Employment, industrial relations and social affairs]]
|[[Vasso Papandreou]]
|{{GRE}}
|[[Panhellenic Socialist Movement|PASOK]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for the Environment|Environment]], [[European Commissioner for Energy|nuclear safety]] and civil protection
|[[Carlo Ripa di Meana]]
|{{ITA}}
|[[Italian Socialist Party|PSI]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Financial Programming & the Budget|Budget]]
|[[Peter Schmidhuber]]
|{{DEU}}
|[[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|CSU]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[European Commissioner for Taxation & Customs Union|Taxation and customs union]]
|[[Christiane Scrivener]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Republican Party (France)|Republican Party]]
|-
|}

===Third college===
This Commission served from 1993 to 1994. It was the first Commission of the [[European Union]], with the [[Maastricht Treaty]] coming into force. Its short tenure was designed to bring the mandates of the Commission into line with those of the European Parliament.

{| class=wikitable width=100%
|-
!width=40%|Portfolio
!Name
!State
!Party
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[President of the European Commission|President]]
|[[Jacques Delors]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Internal Market & Services|Internal market]], [[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|industrial affairs]] and [[European Commissioner for Information Society & Media|ICT]]
|[[Martin Bangemann]]
|{{DEU}}
|[[Freie Demokratische Partei|FDP]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Trade|External economic affairs and trade policy]]
|[[Leon Brittan|Sir Leon Brittan]]
|{{UK}}
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Economic & Financial Affairs|Economic and financial affairs]]
|[[Henning Christophersen]]
|{{DNK}}
|[[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Development & Humanitarian Aid|Cooperation, development and humanitarian aid]]
|[[Manuel Marin]]
|{{ESP}}
|[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Competition|Competition]]
|[[Karel Van Miert]]
|{{BEL}}
|[[Socialist Party (Belgium)|SP]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Vice-President of the European Commission|Vice-President]]<br />[[European Commissioner for Science & Research|Science, research, technological development]] and [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|education]]
|[[Antonio Ruberti]]
|{{ITA}}
||[[Italian Socialist Party|PSI]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Transport|Transport]] and [[European Commissioner for Energy|energy]]
|[[Marcelino Oreja]]<ref>After April 1994, replacing [[Abel Matutes]]</ref>
|{{ESP}}
|[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for the Environment|Environment]], [[European Commissioner for Fisheries & Maritime Affairs|fisheries]]
|[[Ioannis Paleokrassas]]
|{{GRE}}
|[[New Democracy (Greece)|ND]]
|---- New Democracy (Greece)
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Agriculture & Rural Development|Agriculture and rural development]]
|[[René Steichen]]
|{{LUX}}
|[[Christian Social People's Party|CSV]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Transport|Transport]] and [[European Commissioner for Energy|energy]]
|[[Abel Matutes]]<ref>Until April 1994, replaced by [[Marcelino Oreja]]</ref>
|{{ESP}}
|[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]
|-
|[[European Commissioner for Administrative Affairs, Audit and Anti-Fraud|Institutional reform]], [[European Commissioner for Internal Market & Services|internal market]] and [[European Commissioner for Enterprise & Industry|enterprise]]
|[[Raniero Vanni d'Archirafi]]
|{{ITA}}
|None
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|[[European Commissioner for Taxation & Customs Union|Taxation, customs union]] and [[European Commissioner for Consumer Protection|consumer policies]]
|[[Christiane Scrivener]]
|{{FRA}}
|[[Liberal Democracy (France)|Liberal]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Financial Programming & the Budget|Budget, financial control and the cohesion fund]]
|[[Peter Schmidhuber]]
|{{DEU}}
|[[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|CSU]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs & Equal Opportunities|Social affairs and employment]]
|[[Pádraig Flynn]]
|{{IRL}}
|[[Fianna Fáil]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for Inter-Institutional Relations and Administration|Relations with Parliament]], [[European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture|culture]] and [[European Commissioner for Information Society & Media|audiovisual]]
|[[João de Deus Pinheiro]]
|{{PRT}}
|[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|PSD]]/[[People's Party (Portugal)|PP]]
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[European Commissioner for External Relations|External relations]] and [[European Commissioner for Enlargement|enlargement]]
|[[Hans van den Broek]]
|{{NLD}}
|[[Christen-Democratisch Appèl|CDA]]
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[European Commissioner for Regional Policy|Regional policy and cohesion]]
|[[Bruce Millan]]
|{{UK}}
|[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
|-
|}

===Key===
The colour of the row indicates the approximate political leaning of the office holder using the following scheme:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!class="unsortable"|Affiliation
!First term
!Second term
!Third term
|---- bgcolor=#DDEEFF
|[[right-wing politics|Right]] leaning / Conservative
| 10
| 7
| 8
|---- bgcolor=#FFE8E8
|[[Left-wing politics|Left]] leaning / Socialist
| 6
| 7
| 5
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFDD
|Centrist / Liberal
| 2
| 3
| 3
|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF
| Other / Unknown
| 0
| 1
| 1
|}

===Secretary-General===
The [[Secretary-General of the European Commission]] throughout the three Delors Commissions was [[David Williamson, Baron Williamson of Horton|David Williamson]].

==See also==
*[[Single European Act]]
*[[Treaty of Maastricht]]
*[[Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union|EMU]]
*[[Delors building]]
* [[European Navigator]]

== Footnotes ==
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{{reflist}}

==References==
* [[European Commission]] archive of the Delors I Commission. "[http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/photo/photo.cfm?id=1565&sitelang=en]" Retrieved 17 March 2007.
* EU Press release (1988). "[http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/88/825&format=HTML&aged=1&language=EN&guiLanguage=en Responsibilities of the members of the new commission]". Retrieved 24 March 2005.
* EU Press release (1992). "[http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/92/1080&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en Composition of the new Commission]". Retrieved 17 March 2007.

==External links==
*[http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/emu/road/delors_report_en.htm Delors Report] ec.europa.eu
*[http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/photo/photo.cfm?id=1565&sitelang=en&page=archives Photos of the First Delors Commission] ec.europa.eu
*[http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/photo/photo.cfm?id=1564&sitelang=en&page=archives Photos of the Second Delors Commission] ec.europa.eu
*[http://ec.europa.eu/avservices/photo/photo.cfm?id=1563&sitelang=en&page=archives Photos of the Third Delors Commission] ec.europa.eu
*[http://europa.eu/about-eu/eu-history/1980-1989/1985/index_en.htm History of the EU, 1985] europa.eu

{{European Commission}}

[[Category:Delors Commission| ]]
[[Category:European Commissions]]