View source for Defense pact

{{Short description|Military alliance in which countries agree to come to each other's defense}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
A '''defense pact''' ([[English in the Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth spelling]]: '''defence pact''') is a type of [[treaty]] or [[military alliance]] in which the signatories promise to support each other militarily and to defend each other.<ref name="KrauseSinger2001">Volker Krause, J. David Singer "Minor Powers, Alliances, And Armed Conflict: Some Preliminary Patterns", in "Small States and Alliances", 2001, pp 15–23, {{ISBN|978-3-7908-2492-6}} (Print) {{ISBN|978-3-662-13000-1}} (Online) [http://www.bundesheer.at/pdf_pool/publikationen/05_small_states_03.pdf]</ref> Generally, the signatories point out the threats and concretely prepare to respond to it together.<ref name="Attina_2004">Fulvio Attinà "State aggregation in defense pacts: systemic explanations", Jean Monnet Working Papers, University of Catania, nr. 56, November 2004, ISSN 2281-9029 [https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.fscpo.unict.it/EuroMed/jmwp56.pdf]</ref>

==Current treaties==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Year
! colspan="2" |Name
! colspan="2" |Member states
|-
!Treaty name
!Also known as
!Present members
!Former/suspended members
|-
|1373
|[[Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373]]
|[[Anglo-Portuguese Alliance]]
|
* {{flag|Portugal}}
* {{flag|United Kingdom}}
|
|-
|1947
|[[Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance]]
|
* Rio Treaty
* TIAR
|
* {{Flag|Argentina}}
* {{Flag|Brazil}} 
* {{Flag|Chile}} 
* {{Flag|Colombia}} 
* {{Flag|Costa Rica}}
* {{Flag|Dominican Republic}}
* {{Flag|El Salvador}}
* {{Flag|Guatemala}}
* {{Flag|Haiti}}
* {{Flag|Honduras}}
* {{Flag|Panama}}
* {{Flag|Paraguay}} 
* {{Flag|Peru}} 
* {{Flag|United States}}
* {{Flag|Uruguay}} (1948–2019, 2020–present)
* {{Flag|Venezuela}} (1948–2015, 2019–present)
* {{Flag|Trinidad & Tobago}} (1967–present)
* {{Flag|The Bahamas}} (1982–present)
|
* {{Flag|Cuba}} (1948–1962) (''suspended'')
* {{Flag|Bolivia}} (1948–2014)
* {{Flag|Ecuador}} (1948–2016)
* {{Flag|Mexico}} (1948–2004)
* {{Flag|Nicaragua}} (1948–2014)
|-
|1949
|[[North Atlantic Treaty]]
|
* Washington Treaty
* [[NATO]]
* OTAN
|
* {{Flag|Belgium}}
* {{Flag|Canada}} 
* {{Flag|Denmark}}
* {{Flag|France|Fourth Republic}}
* {{Flag|Iceland}}
* {{Flag|Italy}}
* {{Flag|Luxembourg}}
* {{Flag|Netherlands}}
* {{Flag|Norway}}
* {{Flag|Portugal}}
* {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
* {{Flag|United States}}
* {{flag|Kingdom of Greece|name=Greece}}<ref group="N">Joined as [[Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)|Kingdom of Greece]].</ref> (joined 1952)
* {{flag|Turkey}} (joined 1952)
* {{flag|Germany}} (joined 1955)<ref group="N">Joined as [[West Germany]]. After [[German reunification|reunification]] in 1990, the former [[East German]] territory became covered by NATO protection.</ref>
* {{flag|Spain|1981}} (joined 1982)
* {{flag|Czechia}} (joined 1999)
* {{flag|Hungary}} (joined 1999)
* {{flag|Poland}} (joined 1999)
* {{flag|Bulgaria}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Estonia}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Latvia}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Lithuania}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Romania}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Slovakia}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Slovenia}} (joined 2004)
* {{flag|Albania}} (joined 2009)
* {{flag|Croatia}} (joined 2009)
* {{flag|Montenegro}} (joined 2017)
* {{flag|North Macedonia}} (joined 2020)
* {{flag|Finland}} (joined 2023)
* {{flag|Sweden}} (joined 2024)
|
* {{flag|British Cyprus}} (1949-1960)
* {{flag|French Algeria}} (1949-1962)<ref group="N">Joined as part of [[French Fourth Republic]]. After [[Algerian independence]] in 1962, the former [[French Algerian]] territory's NATO protection ceased as the Article VI clause was no longer applicable.</ref>
* {{flag|Crown Colony of Malta}} (1949-1964)
|
|-
|1951
|[[Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–Philippines)|Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of the Philippines]]
|
|
* {{Flag|Philippines}}
* {{Flag|United States}}
|
|-
|1951
|[[ANZUS]]
|
|
* {{Flag|Australia}}
* {{Flag|New Zealand}}
* {{Flag|United States}}
|
|-
|1953
|[[Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–South Korea)|Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of Korea]]
|
|
* {{Flag|South Korea}}
* {{Flag|United States}}
|
|-
|1960
|[[Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan]]
|
|
* {{Flag|Japan}}
* {{Flag|United States}}
|
|-
|1961
|[[Sino-North Korean Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance]] 
|
|
* {{Flag|China}}
* {{Flag|North Korea}}
|
|-
|1992
|[[Collective Security Treaty Organization|Collective Security Treaty]]
|
* CSTO
|
* {{Flag|Armenia}}
* {{Flag|Belarus}}
* {{Flag|Kazakhstan}}
* {{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
* {{Flag|Russia}}
* {{Flag|Tajikistan}}
|
* {{Flag|Azerbaijan}} (1994–1999)
* {{Flag|Georgia}} (1994–1999)
* {{Flag|Uzbekistan}} (1994–1999, 2006–2012)
|-
|2019
|[[Aachen Treaty|Treaty on Franco-German Cooperation and Integration]]
|
* Aachen Treaty
|
* {{Flag|France}}
* {{Flag|Germany}}
|
|-
|2021
|[[Franco-Greek defence agreement]]<ref>{{cite news | url=https://greekreporter.com/2021/09/28/the-entire-france-greece-defense-and-security-agreement/ | title=The Entire France-Greece Defense and Security Agreement |publisher= [[Greek Reporter]]| date=28 September 2021 }}</ref>
|
|
* {{Flag|France}}
* {{Flag|Greece}}
|
|-
|2023
|[[Alliance of Sahel States]]
|
|
* {{Flag|Burkina Faso}}
* {{Flag|Mali}}
* {{Flag|Niger}}
|
|-
|2024
|[[North Korean–Russian Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership]]
|
|
* {{Flag|North Korea}}
* {{Flag|Russia}}
|
|}

{{Reflist|group=N}}

==Historical treaties==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Treaty name
!Member States
|-
|1778–1798
|[[Treaty of Alliance (1778)|Treaty of Alliance]] 
|
* {{flagicon|Kingdom of France|bourbon}} [[Kingdom of France]] ({{flagicon|France|1794}} [[French First Republic]] from 1792)
* {{flagicon|United States|1777-Ross}} [[United States]]
|-
|1873–1887
|[[League of the Three Emperors]] 
|
* {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[German Empire]]
* {{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}} [[Austria-Hungary]]
* {{flagicon|Russia|1858}} [[Russian Empire]]
|-
|1950–1979
|[[Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance]]
|
* {{flagicon|China}} [[China]]
* {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Soviet Union]]
|-
|1954–1977
|[[Southeast Asia Treaty Organization]]
|
* {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australia]]
* {{flagicon|France|1848b}} [[France]]
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[New Zealand]]
* {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]] (withdrew in 1973)
* {{flagicon|Philippines|1936}} [[Philippines]]
* {{flagicon|Thailand}} [[Thailand]]
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[United Kingdom]]
* {{flagicon|United States}} [[United States]]
|-
|1955–1979
|[[Central Treaty Organization|Middle East Treaty Organization]]
|
* {{flagicon|Iran|1964}} [[Pahlavi Iran|Iran]]
* {{flagicon|Iraq|1924}} [[Kingdom of Iraq|Iraq]] (withdrew in 1959)
* {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]]
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkey]]
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[United Kingdom]]
|-
|1955–1980
|[[Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty]]
|
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan]]
* {{flagicon|United States}} [[United States]]
|-
|1955–1991
|[[Warsaw Pact]] 
|
* {{flagicon|Albania|1946}} [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania|Albania]] (withdrew in 1968)
* {{flagicon|Bulgaria|1971}} [[People's Republic of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
* {{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]]
* {{flagicon|East Germany}} [[East Germany]]
* {{flagicon|Hungary}} [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]]
* {{flagicon|Poland|1928}} [[Polish People's Republic|Poland]]
* {{flagicon|Romania|1965}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
* {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Soviet Union]]
|}

==See also==
* [[Military alliance]]
* [[List of military alliances]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Defense policy]]
[[Category:Military alliances]]
[[Category:Treaties by type]]

{{treaty-stub}}