View source for December 2028 lunar eclipse

{{short description|Astronomical event}}
{{Infobox lunar eclipse
| type       = total
| image      = Lunar eclipse chart close-2028Dec31.png
| caption    = The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
| date       = December 31, 2028
| gamma      = 0.3258
| magnitude  = 1.2479
| saros_ser  = 125
| saros_no   = 49 of 72
| totality   = 71 minutes, 20 seconds
| partiality = 208 minutes, 49 seconds
| penumbral  = 336 minutes, 13 seconds
| p1         = 14:03:49
| u1         = 15:07:35
| u2         = 16:16:19
| greatest   = 16:51:58
| u3         = 17:27:40
| u4         = 18:36:24
| p4         = 19:40:02
| previous   = July 2028
| next       = June 2029
}}
A total [[lunar eclipse]] will occur at the Moon’s [[Lunar node|descending node]] of orbit on Sunday, December 31, 2028,<ref>{{cite web|title=December 31, 2028–January 1, 2029 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2028-december-31|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=20 November 2024}}</ref> with an umbral [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of 1.2479. A lunar eclipse occurs when the [[Moon]] moves into the [[Earth's shadow]], causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a [[solar eclipse]], which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the [[night]] side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's [[Umbra, penumbra and antumbra|shadow]] is smaller. Occurring about 4.3 days before [[Apsis|perigee]] (on January 4, 2029, at 23:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2029&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=20 November 2024}}</ref>

This eclipse will occur during a [[blue moon]] and is the first such eclipse to happen on [[New Year's Eve]] and [[New Year's Day]] since [[December 2009 lunar eclipse|December 2009]], and the first total lunar eclipse on New Year's Day in history. The next such eclipse will be in [[January 2048 lunar eclipse|December 2047]] (though January 2048 for most timezones).

== Visibility ==
The eclipse will be completely visible over [[eastern Europe]], [[Asia]], and [[Australia]], seen rising over [[Africa]] and [[Europe]] and setting over the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]] and western [[North America]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2028 Dec 31|url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEplot/LEplot2001/LE2028Dec31T.pdf|publisher=NASA|access-date=20 November 2024}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable
|[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2028Dec31.png|300px]] [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2028Dec31.png|300px]]
|}

== Eclipse details ==
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular lunar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2028 Dec 31|url=https://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/2001-2100/LE2028Dec31Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=20 November 2024}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+December 31, 2028 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
! Parameter
! Value
|-
| Penumbral Magnitude
| 2.27579
|-
| Umbral Magnitude
| 1.24785
|-
| Gamma
| 0.32583
|-
| Sun Right Ascension
| 18h45m53.7s
|-
| Sun Declination
| -23°01'00.5"
|-
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 16'15.9"
|-
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.9"
|-
| Moon Right Ascension
| 06h46m08.4s
|-
| Moon Declination
| +23°19'37.5"
|-
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 15'49.4"
|-
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 0°58'04.3"
|-
| ΔT
| 73.4 s
|}
{{clear}}

== Eclipse season ==
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of December 2028–January 2029
! December 31<br/>Descending node (full moon)<br/> !! [[Solar eclipse of January 14, 2029|January 14]]<br/>Ascending node (new moon)<br/>
|-
| [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2028Dec31.png|200px]] || [[File:SE2029Jan14P.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Total lunar eclipse]]<br />Lunar Saros 125 || [[Total eclipse#Types|Partial solar eclipse]]<br />Solar Saros 151
|}

== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 2028 ===
* [[January 2028 lunar eclipse|A partial lunar eclipse on January 12]].
* [[Solar eclipse of January 26, 2028|An annular solar eclipse on January 26]].
* [[July 2028 lunar eclipse|A partial lunar eclipse on July 6]].
* [[Solar eclipse of July 22, 2028|A total solar eclipse on July 22]].
* '''A total lunar eclipse on December 31.'''

=== Metonic ===
* Preceded by: [[March 2025 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of March 14, 2025]]
* Followed by: [[October 2032 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of October 18, 2032]]

=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[November 2021 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of November 19, 2021]]
* Followed by: [[February 2036 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of February 11, 2036]]

=== Half-Saros ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of December 26, 2019]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of January 5, 2038]]

=== Tritos ===
* Preceded by: [[January 2018 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of January 31, 2018]]
* Followed by: [[November 2039 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of November 30, 2039]]

=== Lunar Saros 125 ===
* Preceded by: [[December 2010 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of December 21, 2010]]
* Followed by: [[January 2047 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of January 12, 2047]]

=== Inex ===
* Preceded by: [[January 2000 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of January 21, 2000]]
* Followed by: [[December 2057 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of December 11, 2057]]

=== Triad ===
* Preceded by: [[March 1942 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of March 3, 1942]]
* Followed by: [[November 2115 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of November 2, 2115]]

=== Lunar eclipses of 2027–2031 ===
{{Lunar eclipse set 2027-2031}}

=== Saros 125 ===
{{Lunar Saros series 125}}

=== Tritos series ===
{{Lunar Tritos series March 2007}}

=== Inex series ===
{{Lunar Inex series January 2000}}

=== Half-Saros cycle ===
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a [[Saros (astronomy)#Relationship between lunar and solar saros .28sar.29|half saros]]).<ref>Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, ''The half-saros''</ref> This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of [[Solar Saros 132]].
{| class=wikitable
![[Solar eclipse of December 26, 2019|December 26, 2019]]
![[Solar eclipse of January 5, 2038|January 5, 2038]]
|-
|[[File:SE2019Dec26A.png|240px]]
|[[File:SE2038Jan05A.png|240px]]
|}

==See also==
*[[List of lunar eclipses]] and [[List of 21st-century lunar eclipses]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{LEplot2001 link|2028|Dec|31|T}}

{{Lunar eclipses}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lunar eclipse 2028-12}}
[[Category:21st-century lunar eclipses|2028-12]]
[[Category:Future lunar eclipses|2028-12]]
[[Category:2028 in science]]