View source for David Kelly (weapons expert)

{{Short description|Welsh biological warfare expert (1944–2003)}}
{{Featured article}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2024}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = David Kelly
| honorific_suffix   = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CMG}}
| image              = David Kelly 2000s.jpg
| alt                = refer to caption
| caption            = Kelly during a [[Foreign Affairs Select Committee]] meeting on 15 July 2003, two days before his death
| birth_name         = David Christopher Kelly
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1944|5|14|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Llwynypia]], Glamorgan, Wales
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2003|7|17|1944|5|14|df=y}}
| death_place        = [[Oxfordshire]], England
| body_discovered    = Harrowdown Hill, [[Longworth]], Oxfordshire
| death_cause        = Suicide
| education          = {{Plainlist|
* [[University of Leeds]] ([[BSc]])
* [[University of Birmingham]] ([[Master of Science|MSc]])
* [[Linacre College, Oxford]] ([[DPhil]])}}
| employer           = [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]]
| occupation         = {{hlist|Specialist in [[biological warfare]]|[[UN weapons inspector]] in Iraq}}
| spouse             = 
}}
'''David Christopher Kelly''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CMG}} (14 May 1944&nbsp;– 17 July 2003) was a Welsh scientist and authority on [[biological warfare]] (BW). A former head of the Defence Microbiology Division working at [[Porton Down]], Kelly was part of a joint US-UK team that inspected civilian biotechnology facilities in Russia in the early 1990s and concluded they were running a covert and illegal BW programme. He was appointed to the [[United Nations Special Commission]] (UNSCOM) in 1991 as one of its chief weapons inspectors in Iraq and led ten of the organisation's missions between May 1991 and December 1998. He also worked with UNSCOM's successor, the [[United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission]] (UNMOVIC) and led several of their missions into Iraq. During his time with UNMOVIC he was key in uncovering the [[anthrax]] production programme at the [[Salman Pak facility]], and a BW programme run at [[Al Hakum (Iraq)|Al Hakum]].

A year after the publication of the [[September Dossier|2002 dossier]] on Iraqi [[weapons of mass destruction]]—which stated that some of Iraq's chemical and biological weapons were deployable within 45 minutes—Kelly had an [[Off the record (journalism)|off-the-record]] conversation with [[Andrew Gilligan]], a [[BBC]] journalist, about the claim. When Gilligan reported this on [[BBC Radio 4]]'s ''[[Today (BBC Radio 4)|Today]]'' programme, he stated that the "45 minutes" claim was included at the insistence of [[Alastair Campbell]], the [[Downing Street Director of Communications]]; Kelly denied that he said Campbell had forced in the reference. The government complained to the BBC about the claim, but they refused to recant on it; political tumult between Downing Street and the BBC developed. Kelly informed his line managers in the [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] that he might have been the source, but did not think he was the only one, as Gilligan had reported points he had not mentioned. Kelly's name became known to the media, and he was called to appear on 15 July before the parliamentary [[Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament|Intelligence and Security]] and [[Foreign Affairs Select Committee|Foreign Affairs]] [[Select committee (United Kingdom)|select committees]]. Two days later Kelly was found dead near his home, having killed himself.

Following Kelly's suicide [[Tony Blair]], the [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|prime minister]], set up [[Hutton Inquiry|a government inquiry]] under [[Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton|Lord Hutton]], a former [[Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland]]. The inquiry concluded that Kelly had killed himself. Hutton also stated that no other parties were involved in Kelly's death. There was [[Hutton Inquiry#Criticism|continued debate]] over the manner of Kelly's death, and the case was reviewed between 2010 and 2011 by [[Dominic Grieve]], the [[Attorney General for England and Wales|attorney general]]; he concluded that there was "overwhelmingly strong" evidence that Kelly had killed himself.{{sfn|Watt|2011|p=15}} The [[post-mortem]] and [[toxicology]] reports were released in 2010; both documents supported the conclusion of the Hutton Inquiry. The manner of Kelly's death has been the subject of several documentaries and has been fictionalised on television, on stage and in print. He was appointed as [[Order of St Michael and St George|Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (CMG) in 1994 and might well have been under consideration for a knighthood in May 2003, according to Hutton. His work in Iraq earned him a nomination for the [[Nobel Peace Prize]].

==Biography==
===Early life, education and first jobs: 1944–1984===
[[File:Linacre Main Entrance.jpg|thumb|alt=A red-brick building bearing the name Linacre College|[[Linacre College, Oxford]], where Kelly studied for his doctorate in [[microbiology]]]]
David Christopher Kelly was born in [[Llwynypia]], [[Glamorgan]], [[South Wales]], on 14 May 1944. His parents were Thomas John Kelly and Margaret, ''{{nee}}'' Williams;{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=27}} Thomas was a schoolteacher who was serving in the [[Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve]] as a signals officer during the [[Second World War]].{{sfn|Mangold|2008}} Thomas and Margaret divorced in 1951; she took their young son and moved in with her parents in [[Pontypridd]]. From the age of eleven he attended the [[Pontypridd County Grammar School|local grammar school]].{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=27–28}} He was a keen sportsman and musician at school, and represented Wales in the youth cross-country running team; he played [[double bass]] in the [[National Youth Orchestra of Wales]] and played the [[saxophone]] to a high standard.{{sfn|Buczacki|2003|p=14}}

In 1963 Kelly was admitted to the [[University of Leeds]] to study chemistry, botany and [[biophysics]].{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=33}} His mother died two years later from an overdose of prescription [[barbiturate]]s. Although the [[Inquests in England and Wales|coroner's inquest]] gave an [[open verdict]], Kelly believed she had killed herself. As a result of the death, Kelly suffered from [[insomnia]] and was prescribed sleeping pills; he was also given an extra year to complete his degree.{{efn|When Kelly was [[vetted]] by [[MI5]] for his defence work, his mother's suicide was considered; the MI5 officer noted that the event had made Kelly work harder, and that he was a well-balanced individual.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=34}}}}{{efn|Thomas—known as Tim—died in 1984.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=27, 33}}}} He graduated in 1967 with a [[BSc]] in [[bacteriology]]; he then obtained an [[MSc]] in [[virology]] from the [[University of Birmingham]].{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=33–35}}{{sfn|"Obituary: David Kelly". ''The Times''}} Between his first and second degrees, on 15 July 1967, he married Janice, ''{{nee}}'' Vawdrey, who was studying at Bingley Teacher Training College.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{efn|The couple later had a daughter followed, two years later, by twin girls.{{sfn|"Obituary: David Kelly". ''The Times''}}{{sfn|Sengupta|2003|p=5}}}}

Kelly joined the Insect Pathology Unit at the [[University of Oxford]] in 1968, while a student of [[Linacre College, Oxford|Linacre College]].{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Buczacki|2003|p=14}} In 1971 he received his doctorate in [[microbiology]]; his thesis was "The Replication of Some Iridescent Viruses in Cell Cultures".{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Taylor|2003|p=18}} In the early 1970s he undertook postdoctoral research at the [[University of Warwick]], before moving back to Oxford in the mid-1970s to work at the [[UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology#History|Institute of Virology and Environmental Microbiology]].{{efn|The Institute of Virology was later amalgamated by the Natural Environment Research Council.{{sfn|"David Kelly". ''The Daily Telegraph''}}}} There he carried out virology research into pests such as ''[[Spodoptera]]'' and ''[[Aedes]]''.{{sfn|Kelly|1976}} He rose to the position of chief scientific officer; much of his work was in the field of insect viruses.{{sfn|Taylor|2003|p=18}}{{sfn|"David Kelly". ''The Daily Telegraph''}}

===Porton Down, Russia and Iraq: 1984–2003===
[[File:View towards Gruinard Island - geograph.org.uk - 836894.jpg|thumb|alt=View of Gruinard Island, sitting in Gruinard Bay|[[Gruinard Island]], which Kelly assisted with decontaminating from weaponised [[anthrax]]]]
In 1984 Kelly joined the [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] (MoD) as the head of the Defence Microbiology Division working at [[Porton Down]], [[Wiltshire]].{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}}{{efn|Kelly's employment record was, in the opinion [[Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton|Lord Hutton]], in the [[Hutton Inquiry|report to his inquiry]], "somewhat complex".{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}} In April 1995 the [[Defence Evaluation and Research Agency]] (DERA) was established as an agency of the MoD; Kelly's personnel management was passed to the new organisation. The following year he was seconded back to the MoD as part of the Proliferation and Arms Control Secretariat; as part of the role he was an advisor to the Non-Proliferation Department, which was part of the [[Foreign and Commonwealth Office]]. It was through the FCO that Kelly undertook his role on the UN inspection teams. He also acted as an advisor to the DIS and the [[Secret Intelligence Service]] (MI6). In 2001, with a further re-organisation of the UK's defence establishment, Kelly's personnel management was moved to the [[Defence Science and Technology Laboratory]], who was his formal employer until 2003, although he was still on secondment to the MoD.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}}}} The department had only a small number of microbiologists when he arrived, and most of their work involved the decontamination of [[Gruinard Island]], which had been used during the Second World War for experiments with weaponised [[anthrax]]. He increased the scope of his department, obtaining additional funding to undertake research into [[biodefence]]. Because of the work undertaken by Kelly and his team, the UK were able to deploy a biodefence capability during the 1990–1991 [[Gulf War]].{{sfn|Stone|2003|p=445}}

====Russia: 1991–1994====
In 1989 [[Vladimir Pasechnik]], the senior [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] biologist and [[biological weapons|bioweapon]]s developer, defected to the UK and provided intelligence about the clandestine [[biological warfare]] (BW) programme, [[Biopreparat]].{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=93}} The programme was in contravention of the 1972 [[Biological Weapons Convention]] which banned the production of chemical and biological weapons.{{efn|The full title is the "Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction". This banned the development, production and stockpiling of [[weapons of mass destruction]].{{sfn|Leitenberg|Zilinskas|Kuhn|2012|loc=14395}}{{sfn|"Biological Weapons – UNODA". United Nations}}}} Pasechnik was debriefed by the [[Defence Intelligence Staff]] (DIS), who requested technical assistance to process the information on chemical and biological matters; Kelly was seconded to the DIS to assist with his colleagues [[Brian Jones (intelligence analyst)|Brian Jones]] and Christopher Davis. They debriefed Pasechnik over a period of three years.{{sfn|Leitenberg|Zilinskas|Kuhn|2012|loc=7667}}{{sfn|Miller|Broad|Engelberg|2012|p=128}}

Kelly undertook several visits to Russia between 1991 and 1994 as the co-lead of a team from the UK and US which inspected civilian biotechnology facilities in Russia.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Buczacki|2003|p=14}}{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}} One of the restrictions placed on the inspectors was that visits could only be to non-military installations,{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=97}} so, for the first visit in January 1991, the team visited the Institute of Engineering Immunology, in Lyubuchany; the [[State Research Centre for Applied Microbiology]] in [[Obolensk, Moscow Oblast|Obolensk]]; the [[Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology]] in [[Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast|Koltsovo]]; and the Institute of Ultrapure Preparations, in [[Leningrad]] (now Saint Petersburg).{{sfn|Leitenberg|Zilinskas|Kuhn|2012|loc=12343–12351}} The Russians obstructed the team and tried to stop inspection of key areas of the facilities; they also lied about the use to which parts of the installations were put.{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=95}} On one visit to the Vector facility, Kelly had a conversation with a laboratory assistant—one who was too low grade to have been fully briefed by the [[KGB]]. Kelly asked the assistant about the work he was doing, and was surprised when the man said he was involved in testing [[smallpox]]. Kelly questioned [[Lev Sandakchiev]], the head of Vector, about the use of smallpox, but received no answers. Kelly described the questioning sessions as "a very tense moment".{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=169}}{{sfn|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004|loc=Event occurs at 41:00–42:07}}

In a 2002 review of the verification process, Kelly wrote:

<blockquote>The visits did not go without incident. At Obolensk, access to parts of the main research facility—notably the dynamic aerosol test chambers and the plague research laboratories—was denied on the spurious grounds of quarantine requirements. Skirmishes occurred over access to an explosive aerosol chamber because the officials knew that closer examination would reveal damning evidence of offensive BW activities. At Koltsova access was again difficult and problematic. The most serious incident was when senior officials contradicted an admission by technical staff that research on smallpox was being conducted there. The officials were unable to properly account for the presence of smallpox and for the research being undertaken in a dynamic aerosol test chamber on orthopoxvirus, which was capable of explosive dispersal. At the Institute of Ultrapure Preparations in Leningrad (Pasechnik's former workplace), dynamic and explosive test chambers were passed off as being for agricultural projects, contained milling machines were described as being for the grinding of salt, and studies on plague, especially production of the agent, were misrepresented. Candid and credible accounts of many of the activities at these facilities were not provided.{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=95}}</blockquote>

Two official reports of the visit concluded that Soviets were running a covert and illegal [[Soviet biological weapons program|BW programme]].{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=170}} Kelly also took part in reciprocal visits to the [[United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases]] at [[Fort Detrick]], [[Maryland]], and visits to Porton Down by Russian and American inspectors.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=171}} Despite their findings, Kelly concluded that the tripartite inspection programme had failed. It was, he said, "too ambitious; its disarmament objective deflected by issues of reciprocity and access to sites outside the territories of the three parties".{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=106}} He went on to add that "Russia's refusal to provide a complete account of its past and current BW activity and the inability of the American–British teams to gain access to Soviet/Russian military industrial facilities were significant contributory factors".{{sfn|Kelly|2002|p=106}}

====Iraq: 1991 – May 2003====
{{see also|Iraq disarmament crisis#2002–2003|Rationale for the Iraq War}}

====Appointment to UNSCOM====
Following the end of the [[Gulf War]], [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 687]] imposed the articles of Iraq's surrender. The document stated "that Iraq shall unconditionally accept the destruction, removal, or rendering harmless, under international supervision, of&nbsp;... All chemical and biological weapons".{{sfn|"Security Council Resolution 687 – UNSCR". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''}} This was to be made possible by "The forming of a special commission which shall carry out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq's biological, chemical and missile capabilities, based on Iraq's declarations and the designation of any additional locations by the special commission itself".{{sfn|"Security Council Resolution 687 – UNSCR". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''}} The group set up was the [[United Nations Special Commission]] (UNSCOM), and Kelly was appointed to it in 1991 as one of its chief weapons inspectors in Iraq.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=174}} The Iraqis had provided [[Rolf Ekéus]], the director of UNSCOM, with a list of sites connected with the research and production of [[weapons of mass destruction]] (WMD) in the country, about half of which had been bombed during Operation Desert Storm. These sites provided the starting point for the investigations.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=197}} In August 1991 Kelly led the first group of [[United Nations|UN]] BW investigators into the country.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=174}} When asked where the inspection teams would visit, he told reporters "We will go to sites which we deem to have characteristics associated with biological activity, but at the moment&nbsp;... I have an open mind."{{sfn|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004|loc=Event occurs at 45:55–46:06}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=173}} The first UNSCOM missions finished with no evidence found of an Iraqi biological or chemical programme, although they did establish that some sites suspected by US intelligence services of involvement in biological or chemical warfare research were legitimate. These included a bakery, a pharmaceutical research business in Samarra, a dairy and a slaughterhouse.{{sfn|Smithson|2011|p=54}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=210}}

UNSCOM undertook 261 inspection missions to Iraq between May 1991 and December 1998, 74 of which were for biological weapons.{{sfn|"IAEA and UNSCOM Inspection Teams In Iraq Since the Gulf War". ''Arms Control Today''}}{{sfn|Pearson|2000|pp=186–187}}{{efn|The remaining visits were nuclear and ballistic missile inspections.{{sfn|"IAEA and UNSCOM Inspection Teams In Iraq Since the Gulf War". ''Arms Control Today''}}}} Kelly led ten of the missions involved in BW inspections.{{sfn|Pearson|2000|pp=186–187}} In 1998 and 1999 Iraq refused to deal with UNSCOM or the inspectors; the country's [[President of Iraq|president]], [[Saddam Hussein]], singled out Kelly by name for expulsion from the country.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Findlay|2005|p=45}} During an inspection mission to Iraq in 1998, Kelly worked alongside an American translator and [[US Air Force]] officer, Mai Pederson, who introduced him to the [[Baháʼí Faith]]. Kelly remained a member of the faith for the rest of his life, attending spiritual meetings near his home of [[Southmoor]], [[Oxfordshire]]. He was, for a time, the treasurer of his local branch, based in [[Abingdon-on-Thames|Abingdon]], Oxfordshire.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=256–257}}{{sfn|Quilligan|2013|p=172}} His time in Iraq left him with a deep affection for the country, its people and culture, although he abhorred Saddam's government.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}

====British dossier on Iraqi WMD====
In 2000 UNSCOM was replaced by the [[United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission]] (UNMOVIC), whose mission and aims were similar to that of UNSCOM: to remove Iraqi WMDs and "to operate a system of ongoing monitoring and verification to check Iraq's compliance with its obligations not to reacquire the same weapons prohibited to it by the Security Council".{{sfn|"UNMOVIC: Basic facts". United Nations}}

Kelly returned to work as a government advisor with the MoD on biological warfare, but also worked with UNMOVIC and continued to visit Iraq.{{sfn|Taylor|2003|p=18}}{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}} He was involved in at least 36 missions to Iraq as part of UNSCOM and UNMOVIC,{{sfn|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004|loc=Event occurs at 45:35–45:40}}{{efn|The number of Kelly's visits to Iraq varies. ''Germ Warfare: Dr Kelly's Last Interview'', a [[Channel 5 (UK)|Channel 5]] documentary broadcast in 2004, states it was 36 visits;{{sfn|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004|loc=Event occurs at 45:35–45:40}} [[Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton|Lord Hutton]], in the [[Hutton Inquiry|report to his inquiry]], says 37 visits,{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=4}} as does [[Tom Mangold]], in Kelly's biography in the ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]]'';{{sfn|Mangold|2008}} and Robert Lewis, in his biography of Kelly, states Kelly made 38 visits.{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=191}}}} and, despite interference and obstruction tactics by the Iraqis, was instrumental in making the breakthrough to discover Iraq's BW facilities: the anthrax production programme at the [[Salman Pak facility]] and a BW programme run at [[Al Hakum (Iraq)|Al Hakum]].{{sfnm|Mangold|2008|Ekéus|2016|2p=138|Smithson|2011|3pp=37–38}}{{sfn|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004|loc=Event occurs at 45:40–45:50}}

[[File:Hans Blix in 2015-2.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=refer to caption|[[Hans Blix]], the head of [[UNMOVIC]] from March 2000 to June 2003]]
In his 2002 [[State of the Union]] address, [[George W. Bush]], the [[president of the United States]], discussed the use of WMD by the Iraqi regime.{{sfn|Bush|2002}} Later that year he [[Iraq Liberation Act|reaffirmed]] that "the stated policy of the United States is regime change".{{sfn|Sanger|2002}} As part of the British government's arguments for war on Saddam, [[Tony Blair]], the [[British Prime Minister]], instructed the publication of [[September Dossier|a dossier on Iraqi WMD]] on 24 September 2002.{{efn|The dossier, "Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Assessment of the British Government" became known as the "September Dossier". A briefing paper, "[[Iraq – Its Infrastructure of Concealment, Deception and Intimidation]]" was published in February 2003; this became known as the February, or Dodgy, Dossier. It later transpired that this document was plagiarised from "Iraq's Security and Intelligence Network: A Guide and Analysis", an article by [[Ibrahim al-Marashi]], published in September 2002 in the ''[[Middle East Review of International Affairs]]''.{{sfn|Davies|2012|p=399}}{{sfn|al-Marashi|2006|p=33}} The February Dossier made no mention of the 45-minute claim.{{sfn|al-Marashi|2006|p=41}}{{sfn|Iraq – Its Infrastructure of Concealment, Deception and Intimidation|2003|pp=1–19}}}} The dossier, which was "based, in large part, on the work of the [[Joint Intelligence Committee (United Kingdom)|Joint Intelligence Committee]] (JIC)", included the statement that the Iraqi government had:
<blockquote>
* continued to produce chemical and biological agents;
* military plans for the use of chemical and biological weapons, including against its own Shia population. Some of these weapons are deployable within 45 minutes of an order to use them;
* command and control arrangements in place to use chemical and biological weapons. Authority ultimately resides with Saddam Hussein.{{sfn|"Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction" (September Dossier)|2002|p=5}}</blockquote>

Before its publication, Kelly had been shown a draft copy of the dossier and took part in a meeting at the DIS to review it. Four pages of comments were made regarding the information in the report, of which Kelly contributed twelve individual statements. The observations from the DIS were passed up to the [[Joint Intelligence Organisation (United Kingdom)|Joint Intelligence Organisation]]; none of the observations referred to the 45-minute claim.{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 29|2003}}{{sfn|"Timeline: David Kelly". BBC}}

On 8 November 2002 the UN Security Council passed [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441|Resolution 1441]], "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations under relevant resolutions of the Council; and accordingly decides to set up an enhanced inspection regime with the aim of bringing to full and verified completion the disarmament process".{{sfn|"Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''|p=3}} The resolution stated that the Iraqi government needed to provide full details of its WMD programme within 30 days.{{sfn|"Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''|p=3}}{{efn|Point 3 of the resolution states that the Iraqi government need to "provide to UNMOVIC, the IAEA, and the Council, not later than 30 days from the date of this resolution, a currently accurate, full, and complete declaration of all aspects of its programmes to develop chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons, ballistic missiles, and other delivery systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles and dispersal systems designed for use on aircraft, including any holdings and precise locations of such weapons, components, subcomponents, stocks of agents, and related material and equipment, the locations and work of its research, development and production facilities, as well as all other chemical, biological, and nuclear programmes, including any which it claims are for purposes not related to weapon production or material."{{sfn|"Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''|p=3}}}} As a result of the increasing pressure on the Iraqi government, UNSCOM inspectors were readmitted to the country and were provided information on the Iraqi WMD programme. According to Kelly, despite the steps taken, Saddam "refuse[d] to acknowledge the extent of his chemical and biological weapons and associated military and industrial support organisations",{{sfn|Kelly|2003}} and there was still a concern about "8,500 litres of anthrax VX,{{sic}} 2,160 kilograms of bacterial growth media, 360 tonnes of bulk chemical warfare agent, 6,500 chemical bombs and 30,000 munitions capable of delivering chemical and biological warfare agents [which] remained unaccounted for from activities up to 1991".{{sfn|Kelly|2003}}

====Interaction with journalists====
[[File:Powell UN Iraq presentation, alleged Mobile Production Facilities.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|alt=Schematic showing vehicle used for producing hydrogen|Purported Iraqi mobile weapons laboratories, actually for production of hydrogen to fill [[weather balloon]]s{{sfn|Beaumont|Barnett|Hinsliff|2003}}{{sfn|"Iraq: Failing to Disarm". US Department of State|2003|loc=slide 4}}]]
In February 2003 [[Colin Powell]], the [[US Secretary of State]], [[United Nations Security Council and the Iraq War#Colin Powell's presentation|addressed]] the [[United Nations Security Council]] to discuss Iraq's WMD. He included information on [[Mobile weapons laboratory|mobile weapons laboratories]], which he described as "trucks and train cars&nbsp;... easily moved and&nbsp;... designed to evade detection by inspectors. In a matter of months, they can produce a quantity of biological poison equal to the entire amount that Iraq claimed to have produced in the years prior to the Gulf War."{{sfn|"Iraq: Failing to Disarm". US Department of State|2003|loc=slide 4}}{{sfn|Powell|2003}} Following his examination of the vehicles in question, Kelly spoke, [[Source (journalism)|off the record]], to journalists from ''[[The Observer]]''. In their article in the newspaper on 15 June 2003 they described him as "a British scientist and biological weapons expert",{{sfn|Beaumont|Barnett|Hinsliff|2003}} and quoted him as saying:

<blockquote>They are not mobile germ warfare laboratories. You could not use them for making biological weapons. They do not even look like them. They are exactly what the Iraqis said they were—facilities for the production of hydrogen gas to fill balloons.{{sfn|Beaumont|Barnett|Hinsliff|2003}}</blockquote>

One of the journalists who wrote the story, [[Peter Beaumont (journalist)|Peter Beaumont]], confirmed to the Hutton Inquiry that Kelly was the source of this quote.{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 17|2003|loc=paragraphs 118–119}} Kelly was often approached by the press and would either clear the discussion with the press office of the FCO, or use his judgement before doing so; it was within his remit to liaise with the media.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|pp=8, 28}}{{efn|Between April 2002 and March 2003, Kelly's personnel file recorded that in addition to speaking at numerous seminars and conferences, he had given briefings on an attributable and unattributable basis concerning Iraq, Russia, weapons, anthrax and smallpox. These were to:
* Television and radio: [[Channel 4]], [[Australian Broadcasting Company]], [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]], [[Tokyo Broadcasting System]], [[CNN]], [[CBS]], [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], [[Radio Netherlands]], [[BBC Four]], [[BBC News 24]]/[[BBC World Service|World Service]] and [[BBC Local Radio]] (London, Wales).
* News media: [[The Guardian]], [[The Daily Telegraph]], [[The Times]], [[The New York Times]], [[The Washington Post]], [[Los Angeles Times]], [[Newsweek]], [[The New York Times International Edition|The Herald Tribune]] and [[The Wall Street Journal]].{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=8}}}} Shortly before the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] (20 March&nbsp;– 1 May 2003) Kelly anonymously wrote an article on the threat from Saddam which was never published. He outlined his thoughts on the build-up to war:

<blockquote>Iraq has spent the past 30 years building up an arsenal of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Although the current threat presented by Iraq militarily is modest, both in terms of conventional and unconventional weapons, it has never given up its intent to develop and stockpile such weapons for both military and terrorist use.{{sfn|Kelly|2003}}</blockquote>

He continued that "The long-term threat, however, remains Iraq's development to military maturity of weapons of mass destruction—something that only regime change will avert."{{sfn|Kelly|2003}} On 20 March 2003 British and American troops entered Iraq to bring about the regime change. Most of the country was occupied and Saddam was overthrown within four weeks; Bush stated that war was over on 1 May 2003.{{sfn|Operations in Iraq|2003|pp=3, 12}}{{sfn|Chilcot|2016|p=5}} On 7 May 2003 Kelly was telephoned by [[Susan Watts]], the science editor of the [[BBC]]'s ''[[Newsnight]]'' programme; the call lasted 15 to 20 minutes. They discussed various matters relating to Iraq including, towards the end of the conversation, the matter of the 45-minute claim. Watts's handwritten [[shorthand]] notes showed Kelly stated the claim was "a mistake to put in. Alastair Campbell seeing something in there, single source but not corroborated, sounded good."{{sfn|Wells|2004|p=39}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 5|2003|loc=paragraphs 173–175}}{{efn|The quote was Watts reading from her shorthand copy, which reads "..a mistake to put in..A Campbell seeing something in there... NB single source. but not corroborated..sounded good."{{sfn|Attachment B – Susan Watts' notebook 45|2003|pp=1–2}}}} The pair also had a subsequent call on 12 May.{{sfn|"Timeline: David Kelly". BBC}} Kelly flew to Kuwait on 19 May as part of a military team. He hoped to meet members of the [[Iraq Survey Group]] to see how the organisation worked. When he arrived in Kuwait he found that no visa had been arranged for him, so he returned home.{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 8|2003|loc=paragraphs 12–14}}{{sfn|"Day four: Key points". BBC News}}

====Contact with Andrew Gilligan====
{{multiple image
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| header = Two BBC journalists with whom Kelly was in contact over the 45-minute claim
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| image1    = Susan Watts (cropped).jpg
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| caption1  = [[Susan Watts]], the science editor of the [[BBC]]'s ''[[Newsnight]]'' programme
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| image2    = Andrew Gilligan.jpg
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| caption2  = [[Andrew Gilligan]], the Defence and Diplomatic Correspondent for [[BBC Radio 4]]'s ''[[Today (BBC Radio 4)|Today]]'' programme
}}
On 22 May 2003 Kelly met [[Andrew Gilligan]], the Defence and Diplomatic Correspondent for [[BBC Radio 4]]'s ''[[Today (BBC Radio 4)|Today]]'' programme, at the Charing Cross Hotel, London. It was the third time the pair had met.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=1–2}} The meeting, initiated by Gilligan, was for the journalist to ask why Kelly thought WMDs had not been discovered in Iraq by the British and American troops. According to Gilligan, after 30 minutes the conversation focussed on the September Dossier and how key areas of the document were altered to give greater impact to the public. Gilligan took notes on an electronic organiser;{{sfn|Wells|2004|pp=28–30}} he said these read as

<blockquote>Transformed week before publication to make it sexier. The classic was the 45 minutes. Most things in dossier were double source but that was single source. One source said it took 4 [that should be 45] minutes to set up a missile assembly, that was misinterpreted. Most people in intelligence weren't happy with it because it didn't reflect the considered view they were putting forward. Campbell: real information but unreliable, included against our wishes. Not in original draft - dull, he asked if anything else could go in.{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 4|2003}}{{efn|Gilligan's electronic notes read:<br />
"transformed wk before pub to make it sexier<br />
the classic was the 45 mins. mst thngs inndossier wre dbl sc but that was<br />
single-source, one source said it took 4 minutes to set up a missile<br />
assembly, that was misinterpreted. .<br />
most people in intel werent happy with it, beause it didnt refect the<br />
considere view they were putting forward<br />
campbell<br />
real info but unr, incl agaisnt ur wishes<br />
not in orig draft – dull, he asked ifanything else cd go in{{sfn|Notes made on organiser of the meeting|2003|p=1}}}}</blockquote>

Soon after the meeting, Gilligan claimed, he wrote a full script of the interview, based on his memory and notes. Between the completion of the document and the start of the Hutton Inquiry in August, Gilligan says he lost that script.{{sfn|Wells|2004|p=31}} Kelly was in New York on 29 May 2003, attending the final commissioners' meeting of UNMOVIC under the leadership of [[Hans Blix]].{{sfn|Transcript of tape recorded interview|2003|p=1}} At 6.07 that morning, on the ''Today'' programme, Gilligan explained to the programme's host, [[John Humphrys]], what he would be discussing later in the programme:

<blockquote>what we've been told by one of the senior officials in charge of drawing up that dossier was that, actually the government probably erm, knew that that forty five minute figure was wrong, even before it decided to put it in. What this person says, is that a week before the publication date of the dossier, it was actually rather erm, a bland production. It didn't, the, the draft prepared for Mr Blair by the Intelligence Agencies actually didn't say very much more than was public knowledge already and erm, Downing Street, our source says, ordered a week before publication, ordered it to be sexed up, to be made more exciting and ordered more facts to be er, to be discovered.{{sfn|Wells|2004|p=36}}{{sfn|Radio 4 Today Programme 29/05/03|2003|p=1}}</blockquote>

Gilligan had not been able to get confirmation from any other sources about the veracity of the claim.{{sfn|Wells|2004|p=33}} The producer of ''Today'', [[Kevin Marsh]], writes that Gilligan went off his pre-prepared script. With news based on an anonymous single source, stories "have to be reported word perfectly" to be precise about the meaning;{{sfn|Marsh|2012|p=126}} according to Marsh, "Gilligan had lost control of that precision".{{sfn|Marsh|2012|p=127}} [[Downing Street]] had not been forewarned of the story, or been contacted to ask for a statement.{{sfn|Wells|2004|p=33}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 35|2003|loc=paragraphs 53–54}} At 7:32&nbsp;am the government press office issued a statement to refute the story: "Not one word of the dossier was not entirely the work of the intelligence agencies".{{sfn|Wells|2004|pp=36–37}} Gilligan then broadcast a report for the [[BBC Radio 5 Live]] Breakfast programme in which he repeated the claim that the government had inserted the 45-minute claim into the dossier.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=14}} Kelly did not recognise himself from Gilligan's description of a "senior official in charge of drawing up the document";{{sfn|Cohen|Nadler|2009|p=62}} Kelly had taken no part in drafting the document and had only been asked for comments on the contents.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=106}}

The following day Watts telephoned Kelly at home to discuss the quotes on the ''Today'' programme; she recorded the call. When she asked him if he was being questioned about the identity of the source, Kelly replied "I mean they wouldn't think it was me, I don't think. Maybe they would, maybe they wouldn't. I don't know".{{sfn|Transcript of tape recorded interview|2003|p=2}} Their conversation also included the possible involvement of Campbell in the inclusion of the 45-minute claim in the dossier:

<blockquote>'''SW''' OK just back momentarily on the 45 minute issue I'm feeling like I ought to just explore that a little bit more with you the um err. So would it be accurate then, as you did in that earlier conversation, to say that it was Alastair Campbell himself who...<br />
'''DK''' No I can't. All I can say is the Number Ten press office. I've never met Alastair Campbell so I can't&nbsp;... But I think Alastair Campbell is synonymous with that press office because he's responsible for it.{{sfn|Transcript of tape recorded interview|2003|p=4}}</blockquote>

[[File:Alastair Campbell - Chatham House 2012 crop.jpg|thumb|upright|left|alt=refer to caption|[[Alastair Campbell]], who, Gilligan asserted, had included the 45-minute claim in the 2002 [[September Dossier]]]]
Despite the denial from the government, on 1 June—the day after Kelly and Watts had spoken on the telephone—Gilligan wrote an article for ''[[The Mail on Sunday]]'' in which he specifically named Campbell; it was titled: "I asked my intelligence source why Blair misled us all over Saddam's weapons. His reply? One word&nbsp;... CAMPBELL".{{sfn|Gilligan|2003|p=26}} According to the journalist [[Miles Goslett]], the report on the ''Today'' programme "caused little more than a ripple" of interest;{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=10}} the newspaper article "was of major international significance. It was career-threatening for all concerned if substantiated".{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=11}}

As political tumult between Downing Street and the BBC developed,{{sfn|Watt|2004|pp=48–49}}{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=14–16}} Kelly alerted his line manager at the MoD, Bryan Wells, that he had met Gilligan and discussed, among other points, the 45-minute claim. In a detailed letter of 30 June, Kelly stated that any mention of Campbell had been raised by Gilligan, not himself, and that this was an aside.{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=165}} Kelly stated that "I did not even consider that I was the 'source' of Gilligan's information";{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=17}}{{sfn|Letter Dr Kelly to Dr Wells 30 /06/03|2003|p=3}} he only became aware of the possibility after Gilligan had appeared at the [[Foreign Affairs Select Committee]] on 19 June. Kelly said of Gilligan's evidence that "The description of that meeting in small part matches my interaction with him especially my personal evaluation of Iraq's capability but the overall character is quite different".{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=17}}{{sfn|Letter Dr Kelly to Dr Wells 30 /06/03|2003|p=3}} In closing, he reiterated that "With hindsight I of course deeply regret talking to Andrew Gilligan even though I am convinced that I am not his primary source of information."{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=17}}{{sfn|Letter Dr Kelly to Dr Wells 30 /06/03|2003|p=3}}

[[File:Tony Blair 2010 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|alt=refer to caption|[[Tony Blair]], the British Prime Minister who chaired the meeting that agreed to confirm Kelly's name to journalists if they guessed his identity]]
Kelly was interviewed twice by his employers—on 3 and 7 July; they concluded that he may have been Gilligan's source, but that Gilligan may have exaggerated what Kelly said. A decision was taken that no official action was to be taken against Kelly. He was also advised that, with journalists pressing for further information, it was possible his name would emerge in press reports.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=19}} Reports in ''[[The Times]]'' by the journalist Tom Baldwin on 5 and 8 July gave significant hints on the identity of Gilligan's source.{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=166–167, 171}} At a meeting chaired by Blair on 8 July it was agreed that a statement should be released that stated a member of the MoD had come forward to say that he was the source. It was also agreed that Kelly's name would not be released to journalists, but if someone guessed who it was, they were allowed to confirm it. [[Kevin Tebbit]], the [[permanent secretary]] at the MoD—Kelly's ultimate superior at the department—arrived at the end of the meeting and was unable to provide any input.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=22}}{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=171–172}}{{efn|[[Norman Baker]], the former [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|member of parliament]], in his history of Kelly's death, states that Tebbit had gone to great lengths to ensure that he "sought to apply proper procedures and protect Dr Kelly from the political circus". When asked about the decision of the meeting on the 8th, Tebbit said "I was not actually invited to challenge the judgement of a meeting that had been chaired by the Prime Minister".{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=172}}}} At 5:54&nbsp;pm on 8 July the government statement was released. Without naming Kelly, it said a member of the MoD had come forward to admit that he had met Gilligan at an unauthorised meeting a week before Gilligan's broadcast. The statement said that this MoD employee was not in a position to comment on Campbell's role in the 45 minute issue as he had not helped draw up the intelligence report and had not seen it.{{sfn|Watt|2004|pp=59–60}}{{sfn|MOD Statement|2003}} At 5:50&nbsp;pm the following day a journalist from ''[[The Financial Times]]'' guessed Kelly's name correctly; a journalist from ''The Times'' did so soon afterwards after nineteen failed guesses.{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=171–172}}

On the evening of 8 July Nick Rufford, a journalist with ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' who had known Kelly for five years, visited him at home in Southmoor. Rufford told him that his name would be published in the papers the following day. He advised Kelly to leave his home that night to avoid the media, and said the newspaper would put Kelly and his wife up at a hotel.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=22–26}}{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=174–175}} Soon after Rufford left he contacted the MoD and asked if Kelly could write a piece for the paper putting forward his version of events; the MoD press office said this was unlikely. Soon afterwards the MoD phoned Kelly and advised him to find somewhere else to stay the night.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=27}} According to Mrs Kelly, the couple left the house within 15 minutes and drove to [[Cornwall]], breaking the journey overnight in [[Weston-super-Mare]], [[Somerset]], where they arrived by 9:45&nbsp;pm.{{sfn|Dodd|2004|p=74}} Although the trip to Cornwall was described by Mrs Kelly at the Hutton Inquiry,{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=175}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 24|2003}} Baker considers that there are "problems with the version of events we are asked to accept";{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=175–176}} Goslett writes that Kelly played [[cribbage]] with a pub team in [[Kingston Bagpuize]] that night and was there until at least 10:30&nbsp;pm. None of those on Kelly's cribbage team were asked to give evidence to the Hutton Inquiry.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=174, 177}}

While in Cornwall, on the morning of 11 July, Kelly had a telephone call from Bryan Wells to tell him that he would have to appear in front of the [[Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament|Intelligence and Security]] and Foreign Affairs select committees. He was told that the latter of these would be televised, something that upset him greatly, according to his wife. That afternoon, still unhappy with the news from the earlier phone call, he spoke to Wells again nine times. They agreed to meet on Monday 14 July to prepare for the interviews.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=190–191}} Kelly returned from Cornwall on 13 July and stayed in Oxford at his daughter Rachel's house.{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=179}}

====Appearance before House of Commons committees====
[[File:Official portrait of Lord Chidgey crop 1.jpg|thumb|alt=refer to caption|[[David Chidgey]], who put questions to Kelly that had been provided by Gilligan{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=42–43}}]]
Kelly's appearance before the Foreign Affairs Select Committee was against the advice of Tebbit, the most senior civil servant at the MoD. He had been overruled by [[Geoff Hoon]], the [[Secretary of State for Defence|secretary of state for defence]].{{sfn|Watt|2004|p=61}} Kelly appeared in front of the committee on 15 July in a session that lasted over an hour. He spoke so softly the fans in the room were turned off so the committee members could hear him reply; according to Baker, "Every word [from Kelly] was weighed carefully and some painful circumlocutions resulted".{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=179, 180}} Kelly told the committee that he had met Gilligan but, as the journalist [[Tom Mangold]], in Kelly's biography in the ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]]'' writes, "denied that he had said the things Gilligan reported his source as having said".{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}

Kelly was questioned by the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] MP [[David Chidgey]] about conversations with Susan Watts. It was the first time her name had been connected with Kelly in public, and it was later established that Gilligan had not only sent Chidgey excerpts from a recorded conversation, but also gave Chidgey questions to ask Kelly. The quote included Kelly's opinion on the 45 minute claim.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=42–43}}{{sfn|Hutton|2004|pp=57–58}} The quote read out by Chidgey included: "The 45 minutes was a statement that was made and it got out of all proportion. They were desperate for information. They were pushing hard for information that could be released. That was one that popped up and it was seized on and it is unfortunate that it was."{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=42}}{{sfn|Oral evidence, Foreign Affairs Committee|2003}} Chidgey asked Kelly if the quotes came from the meeting he had with Watts in November 2002—the only time the pair had met face-to-face; Kelly replied that "I cannot believe that on that occasion I made that statement".{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=42}}{{sfn|Oral evidence, Foreign Affairs Committee|2003}} According to Goslett, this was a truthful statement, as Kelly had not made the statement in November 2002, but on 30 May that year.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=43}} Mangold notes that Kelly appeared to be under stress during the interview, and that some of the questioning was overtly hostile.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}} One Labour MP, [[Andrew MacKinlay]], questioned Kelly towards the end of the session:

<blockquote>'''Andrew MacKinlay''': I reckon you are chaff; you have been thrown up to divert our probing. Have you ever felt like a fall-guy? You have been set up, have you not?

'''Dr Kelly''': That is not a question I can answer.

'''Andrew MacKinlay''': But you feel that?

'''Dr Kelly''': No, not at all. I accept the process that is going on.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=37}}{{sfn|Oral evidence, Foreign Affairs Committee|2003}}</blockquote>

After the hearing Kelly described MacKinlay to his daughter as an "utter bastard".{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=39}}

On the following day, 16 July 2003, Kelly gave evidence to the Intelligence and Security Committee. He appeared more relaxed than he had in front of the Foreign Affairs Committee, according to Baker.{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=181}} When asked, Kelly described the September dossier as "an accurate document, I think it is a fair reflection of the intelligence that was available and it's presented in a very sober and factual way."{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=46}}{{sfn|Dr Kelly's evidence to ISC 16/07/03|2003|p=12}}

===Death: 17 July 2003===
[[File:Location of David Kelly's home and where his body was found.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|alt=map showing the local area where Kelly lived; his home and the position of his body are marked.|Key points in the life of David Kelly:<br />
[[File:Red pog.svg|10px]] – [[Southmoor]], where he lived<br />
[[File:blue pog.svg|10px]] – Harrowdown Hill, where his body was found.<br />
Both locations are in [[Oxfordshire]].{{sfn|"Picture Gallery". ''The Times''}}]]

On the morning of 17 July Kelly worked from his home in Southmoor, answering written parliamentary questions from two MPs—MacKinlay on the identity of the journalists Kelly had spoken to, and the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] MP [[Bernard Jenkin]] on Kelly's discussions with Gilligan and whether he would be disciplined for it; Kelly had to provide the information to the MoD to forward on.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=48–49}} He had a telephone call with [[Wing commander (rank)|Wing Commander]] John Clark, a friend and colleague, during which they discussed the general situation Kelly was in, as well as a trip to Iraq on which Kelly was due to go in the following week. Clark reported that Kelly seemed to be "very tired, but in good spirits".{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=2}} He had received several emails from well-wishers, including from ''[[The New York Times]]'' journalist [[Judith Miller]], to which he replied "I will wait until the end of the week before judging—many dark actors playing games. Thanks for your support."{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=201}}

During the course of the day Kelly received a phone call that changed his mood. Mangold states that "[the] most likely explanation is that he learned from a well-meaning friend at the Ministry of Defence that the BBC had tape-recorded evidence which, when published, would show that he had indeed said the things to Susan Watts that he had formally denied saying".{{sfn|Mangold|2008}} Mrs Kelly was ill that day and spent some time lying down in the couple's bedroom, but she got up at 3:00&nbsp;pm to find Kelly speaking on the phone, before she returned to her bedroom to sleep. Goslett thinks this phone call is likely to have been with Clark, in a discussion about one of the answers to the parliamentary questions.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=51–52}} Kelly left for a walk between 3:00 and 3:20&nbsp;pm and was last seen by Ruth Absalom, a neighbour, with whom he stopped to have a chat. She was the last person known to have seen him alive.{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=6–7}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 24|2003|loc=paragraphs 48–49}} Clark tried to contact Kelly at home—where Mrs Kelly told him that her husband had gone for a walk—and then on Kelly's mobile, which was switched off; Clark stated he was surprised it was off as Kelly was normally easily contactable.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=56–57}}

As far as it is known, Kelly walked a mile (1.6&nbsp;km) from his house to Harrowdown Hill. It appears he ingested up to 29 tablets of [[co-proxamol]], an [[analgesic]] drug; he also cut his left wrist with a pruning knife he had owned since his youth, severing his [[ulnar artery]].{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=17–18}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=16–17}} Forensic analysis established that neither the knife nor the blister packs showed Kelly's fingerprints on their surfaces.{{sfn|"Minister rules out Kelly inquest". BBC}}{{sfn|"New suspicion over Kelly death – MP". ''The Guardian''}}

{{multiple image
<!-- Essential parameters -->
| align     = right
| direction = horizontal
| header = Harrowdown Hill, site of Kelly's death
| width     =
<!-- Image 1 -->
| image1    = Aerial view of Harrowdown Hill, Oxon.jpg
| width1    =
| alt1      = Aerial view of a copse of woods on a hilltop, surrounded by ploughed fields
| caption1  = Aerial view of Harrowdown Hill
<!-- Image 2 -->
| image2    = Wood, on Harrowdown Hill - geograph.org.uk - 1439340.jpg
| width2    =
| alt2      = View within the woods of the area near Kelly's death
| caption2  = Woods on Harrowdown Hill; Kelly's body was found near this spot
}}

Rachel Kelly spoke to her mother in the late afternoon, then drove to her parents' house at around 6:00&nbsp;pm. As her father had not returned, Rachel walked a route along a footpath her father was known to use regularly to try and find him; she returned to the house at around 6:30&nbsp;pm, then drove round to see if she could find anything.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=57–59}} Sian, the Kellys' eldest daughter, also came to the house that night, and at 11:40&nbsp;pm they phoned the police. Three officers from the local station in Abingdon arrived within 15&nbsp;minutes;{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=11}} they searched the house and garden straight away.{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=143}} By 1:00&nbsp;am a search helicopter from [[RAF Benson]], fitted with [[thermal imaging]] equipment, had been requested; teams of search dogs were also provided and a 26-metre (85&nbsp;ft) communications mast was erected, as the Kellys' home was in a mobile communications black spot.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=64, 66}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=10–11}}

The police used volunteer search teams, and it was one of these that found Kelly's body on Harrowdown Hill at about 9:20&nbsp;am on 18 July.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=74}}{{sfn|Lewis|2013|pp=10–11}} The two-person team differed in their description of the position of the body: one stated Kelly was "at the base of the tree with almost his head and his shoulders just slumped back against the tree"; the other stated Kelly was "sitting with his back up against a tree".{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=56}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 26|2003}} The police and paramedics differed from both the searchers. DC Coe, one of the first policemen at the scene, stated the body "was laying on its back—the body was laying on its back by a large tree, the head towards the trunk of the tree"; the [[pathologist]] called to the scene, Nicholas Hunt, recalled that: "his head was quite close to branches and so forth, but not actually over the tree."{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=56–57}}{{sfn|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 33|2003}}

==Immediate aftermath==
[[File:Longworth StMary SE3 (cropped).jpg|thumb|alt=View of a 15th-century English church|[[St Mary's Church, Longworth]], where Kelly was buried]]
Blair was on an aeroplane from Washington to Tokyo when the body was found. He was contacted while en route and informed of the news, although Kelly had not been formally identified at that stage. He decided to order a [[judicial inquiry]] to examine the circumstances, which was to be headed by [[Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton|Lord Hutton]], a former [[Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland]].{{sfn|White|Norton-Taylor|Morris|Wells|2003|p=1}}{{sfn|Sengupta|Grice|2003|p=2}}{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=74}} His terms of reference were "urgently to conduct an investigation into the circumstances surrounding the death of Dr Kelly".{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=1}}

Hunt undertook the [[post-mortem examination]] on 19 July in the presence of eight police officers and two members of the [[coroner]]'s office.{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=115}} Hunt concluded that the cause of death was a haemorrhage caused by a self-inflicted injury from "incised wounds to the left wrist", with the contributory factors of "co-proxamol ingestion and [[coronary artery]] [[atherosclerosis]]".{{sfn|Rayner|Hope|2010|p=5}}{{sfn|Vallely|2010|p=18}}{{sfn|Hunt|2003|pp=13, 15}} On 20 July 2003, the day after the post-mortem, the BBC confirmed that Kelly was their only source.{{sfn|Grice|Sengupta|2003|p=1}}{{sfn|Sengupta|Peachey|2003|p=5}} Nicholas Gardner, the coroner, opened and adjourned his [[inquest]] on 21 July, noting that the pathologist was still awaiting the [[toxicology]] report.{{sfn|Payne|2003|p=5}} With the establishment of the inquiry under Hutton, the [[Lord Chancellor's Department]] contacted Nicholas Gardner, the coroner, to advise him that under section 17A of the [[Coroners Act 1988]], the coroner's inquest should only be resumed if there were exceptional circumstances to do so.{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=87–89}}

On 6 August 2003, five days after the preliminary session of the Hutton Inquiry, Kelly was buried at [[St Mary's Church, Longworth]].{{sfn|Goslett|2018|p=135}}{{sfn|Morris|2003|p=2}}{{sfn|Tweedie|2003|p=6}}

==Hutton Inquiry==
{{main|Hutton Inquiry}}
[[File:Four witnesses from the Hutton Inquiry.png|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=refer to caption|Four witnesses from the Hutton Inquiry: (''Clockwise from top left'') [[Richard Dearlove]], [[Greg Dyke]], [[John Scarlett]] and [[Geoff Hoon]]]]
From 11 August to 4 September 2003 witnesses to the inquiry were called in the order of the chronology of events. The second stage of the inquiry took place between 15 and 25 September 2003; Hutton explained that he "would ask persons, who had already given evidence and whose conduct might possibly be the subject of criticism in my report, to come back to be examined further".{{sfn|Hutton|2004|pp=1–2}} There was one additional day used, 13 October 2003, to hear from one witness who had been ill on their scheduled day.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=2}} As well as members of the Kelly family, evidence was taken from BBC employees (including Gilligan, Watts and [[Richard Sambrook]], the BBC's director of news) members of the government and its advisors (including Blair, Campbell, Hoon and McKinley) and civil servants, including [[John Scarlett]], chairman of the JIC and [[Richard Dearlove]], head of the [[Secret Intelligence Service]] (MI6).{{sfn|Goslett|2018|pp=321–324}}

One of the witnesses who gave evidence to Hutton was [[David Broucher]], the UK's permanent representative to the [[Conference on Disarmament]]. In 2002 or 2003 he had asked Kelly what would happen if Iraq were invaded; Kelly had replied "I will probably be found dead in the woods".{{sfn|Lewis|2013|p=166}}{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=197–200}}{{efn|Broucher initially thought the conversation took place in September 2002, but then changed this to February 2003. Kelly's diaries record the meeting between the two in February 2002.{{sfn|Baker|2007|pp=197–200}}}} Over the 24 days evidence was taken, the inquiry questioned 74 witnesses and received over 10,000 pages of evidence;{{sfn|Rogers|2004|p=i}} most of the documents, along with transcripts of the questioning, were published online by the inquiry team.{{sfn|Quilligan|2013|p=169}} Hutton reported on 28 January 2004 and wrote "I am satisfied that Dr Kelly took his own life by cutting his left wrist and that his death was hastened by his taking [[Co-proxamol]] tablets. I am further satisfied that there was no involvement by a third person in Dr Kelly's death".{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=3}}

Hutton also concluded that the September dossier had not been "sexed up" by the government, or by Campbell, but was the work of the JIC. He cleared the government and its ministers of any wrongdoing and reserved his criticism for the BBC and Gilligan.{{sfnm|Jones|2004|1p=3|Quilligan|2013|2pp=169–170|Rusbridger|2004|3pp=vi–vii}}{{sfn|"The Hutton report: main points". ''The Times''}} According to [[George Jones (journalist)|George Jones]], the political correspondent for ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', Hutton's judgement on the BBC was "damning and shocked its journalists with its ferocity. He said the corporation had a "defective" editorial system that allowed Gilligan to make "unfounded" claims questioning the Government's integrity".{{sfn|Jones|2004|p=3}}

Despite the conclusion of the Hutton report that Kelly killed himself, there was [[Hutton Inquiry#Criticism|continued debate]] over the manner of his death. Several doctors questioned the conclusion on medical grounds, although their position has been doubted by pathologists.{{sfn|Dodd|2013|p=11}}{{efn|These include three doctors who wrote to ''[[The Guardian]]'' to state that they did "not consider the evidence given at the Hutton inquiry has demonstrated that Dr David Kelly committed suicide";{{sfn|Halpin|Frost|Sennett|2004}} some of their conclusions have been challenged by members of the International Toxicology Advisory Group, who wrote to ''The BMJ'' to say it was a "mistaken notion" to think that post-mortem drug concentration in blood could be interpreted effectively.{{sfn|Drummer|Forrest|Goldberger|Karch|2004|p=637}}}} The former leader of the Conservative Party, [[Michael Howard]], and the former Liberal Democrat MP, [[Norman Baker]], both thought Kelly was murdered.{{sfn|Dodd|2013|p=11}} In 2007 Baker published ''[[The Strange Death of David Kelly]]'' in which he argued that Kelly did not die by suicide.{{sfn|Aaronovitch|2007|p=17}} Kelly's family expressed their displeasure at the publication; his sister-in-law said: "It is just raking over old bones. I can't speak for the whole family, but I've read it all [Baker's theories], every word, and I don't believe it."{{sfn|Brady|Shields|2007}}

==Subsequent events==
In March 2004 the Oxfordshire coroner, Nicholas Gardiner, convened a hearing to decide whether there were the "exceptional circumstances" needed to resume the inquest; he concluded that such circumstances did not exist and that an inquest was not required.{{sfn|"Kelly coroner names hearing date". BBC}}{{sfn|Watt|2011|p=368}}

In December 2009 six doctors applied to the Oxford coroner's office to reopen the inquest, claiming that there was insufficient evidence for Hutton's conclusion of suicide.{{sfn|"Doctors demand formal inquest for Dr David Kelly". BBC}} Their request was turned down on legal advice, and they were informed that evidence relating to Kelly's death was to be kept secret for 70 years.{{sfn|"Chilcot inquiry: Kelly secrecy ruling". ''The Guardian''}}{{sfn|Hirsch|2010|p=12}} Hutton stated that he did so "solely in order to protect Dr Kelly's widow and daughters for the remainder of their lives (the daughters being in their twenties at that time) from the distress which they would suffer from further discussion of the details of Dr Kelly's death in the media".{{sfn|Taylor|2010a}}

The [[Attorney General for England and Wales|Attorney General]], [[Dominic Grieve]], reviewed the case between 2010 and 2011.{{sfn|"Kelly's death may be re-examined". ''The Daily Telegraph''}} He spoke to both Hutton and Gardner before he concluded that there was no benefit in opening a new inquest into the matter; he stated that there was "overwhelmingly strong" evidence that Kelly killed himself.{{sfn|Watt|2011|p=15}} Prior to Grieve's decision, the government released the post-mortem and toxicology reports that Hutton had said should be sealed for 70 years. Both documents supported the conclusion of the Hutton Inquiry. The pathologist wrote in the post-mortem:

<blockquote>It is my opinion that the main factor involved in bringing about the death of David Kelly is the bleeding from the incised wounds to his left wrist. Had this not occurred he may well not have died at this time. Furthermore, on the balance of probabilities, it is likely that the ingestion of an excess number of co-proxamol tablets coupled with apparently clinically silent coronary artery disease would both have played a part in bringing about death more certainly and more rapidly than would have otherwise been the case. Therefore I give as the cause of death:
:1a. Haemorrhage;
:1b. Incised wounds to the left wrist;
:2. Co-proxamol ingestion and coronary artery atherosclerosis.{{sfn|Taylor|2010b|p=5}}{{sfn|Hunt|2003|p=15}}</blockquote>

Kelly's grave was a focal point for the campaign group "Justice for Kelly", who left placards demanding an inquest and undertook vigils at the graveside. Following complaints by his widow and a request by her to the [[Diocese of Oxford]], Kelly's remains were [[exhume]]d in June 2017 and were reportedly cremated.{{sfn|Rawlinson|2017|p=3}}{{sfn|Burden|2017}}

==Legacy==
Kelly's death and the preceding events have served as an inspiration for artistic tributes and dramatisations, including the 2006 song "[[Harrowdown Hill]]" by [[Thom Yorke]];{{sfn|McLean|2006}} a 2008 painting, ''Death of David Kelly'', by [[Dexter Dalwood]];{{sfn|"Dexter Dalwood and the Tate Collection". Tate St Ives}}{{sfn|Higgins|2010}} [[Jonathan Coe]]'s 2015 novel ''[[Number 11 (novel)|Number 11]]'';{{sfn|Clark|2015}}{{sfn|Scurr|2015}} and a poem, "Hand-Washing Technique – Government Guidelines" (subtitled "i.m. Dr David Kelly"), by [[Simon Armitage]].{{sfn|Wagner|Brown|2016|p=358}}{{sfn|Morrison|2007}} Kelly was the subject of a 2005 television drama, ''[[The Government Inspector (film)|The Government Inspector]]'', starring [[Mark Rylance]],{{sfn|Lawson|2005}}{{sfn|"The Government Inspector". ''Channel 4''}} and "Justifying War: Scenes from the Hutton Inquiry" a radio play by the [[Kiln Theatre|Tricycle Theatre]].{{sfn|"BBC – Radio 4 Front Row – 30/10/03". BBC}} Kelly's last moments are featured in the centre monologue of the stage play ''[[Palace of the End]]'' by [[Judith Thompson]].{{sfn|Billington|2010}}{{sfn|Taylor|2010}} There have also been documentaries on British television and radio about Kelly.{{efn|These include:
* 30 September 2003: "David Kelly and the BBC" [[BBC World Service]];{{sfn|"David Kelly and the BBC". BBC}}
* 5 October 2003: "Death of a Scientist: The David Kelly Affair" on [[Channel 4]];{{sfn|"Sunday, October 5". ''The Times''}}
* 21 January 2004: ''Panorama'': "A Fight To The Death" [[BBC One]];{{sfn|Horrocks|2004}}
* 13 February 2004: "Germ Warfare: Dr Kelly's Last Interview" on [[Channel 5 (British TV channel)|Channel 5]];{{sfn|"Television: Friday, February 13". ''The Times''}}
* 25 February 2006: ''The Conspiracy Files'': "David Kelly" on [[BBC Two]];{{sfn|"Dr David Kelly: the Conspiracy Files". ''The Radio Times''}}
* 29 July 2019: ''Witness History'': "The Death of David Kelly" BBC World Service.{{sfn|"Witness History, The Death of David Kelly". BBC}}}}

In the [[1996 Birthday Honours]] Kelly was appointed as [[Order of St Michael and St George|Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (CMG);{{sfn|"No. 54427". ''The London Gazette''}} the citation reads:

<blockquote>He devised the scientific basis for the enhanced biological warfare defence programme and led strong research groups in many key areas. Following the Gulf War he led the first biological warfare inspection in Iraq and has spent most of his time since either in Iraq or at various sites in the former Soviet Union helping to shed light on past biological warfare related activities and assisting the UK/US RUS trilateral confidence building process. He has pursued this work tirelessly and with good humour despite the significant hardship, hostility and personal risk encountered during extended periods of service in both countries.&nbsp;... His efforts in his specialist field have had consequences of international significance.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=5}}</blockquote>

Lord Hutton, in the report to his inquiry, suggested that Kelly might well have been under consideration for a knighthood in May 2003.{{sfn|Hutton|2004|p=5}} Kelly's work in Iraq earned him a nomination for the [[Nobel Peace Prize]];{{sfn|Mangold|2008}}{{sfn|"Dr David Kelly: Controversial death examined". ''BBC News''}} his biographer [[Norman Baker]] wrote of Kelly:

<blockquote>It is no exaggeration to say that between 1990 and his death in 2003, Dr Kelly probably did more to make the world a more secure place than anyone on the planet. Even among the elite group of international weapons inspectors, he was regarded with some awe, as the inspectors' inspector.{{sfn|Baker|2007|p=358}}</blockquote>
<!-- ==See also== -->

==Notes and references==

===Notes===
{{notes}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

===Sources===
{{sfn whitelist|CITEREF"No._54427"._The_London_Gazette}}
{{refbegin}}

====Books====
* {{cite book|last=Baker|first=Norman|authorlink=Norman Baker|title=The Strange Death of David Kelly|year=2007|publisher=Methuen|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-217-3}}
* {{cite book|last1=Cohen|first1=Bob|last2=Nadler|first2=Eric|title=Dead Silence: Fear and Terror on the Anthrax Trail|url=https://archive.org/details/deadsilencefeart0000coen/page/n5/mode/2up|year=2009|publisher=Counterpoint|location=Berkeley, California|isbn=978-1-5824-3944-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Davies|first=Philip|title=Intelligence and Government in Britain and the United States: A Comparative Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D3KIwYA_QyAC&pg=PP1|year=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, California|isbn=978-1-4408-0281-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Dodd|first=Vikram|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first=Simon|title=The Hutton Inquiry and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2NnAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Politico's Guardian Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-106-0|chapter=The Walk|pages=67–83}}
* {{cite book|last=Goslett|first=Miles|authorlink=Miles Goslett|title=An Inconvenient Death: How the Establishment Covered Up the David Kelly Affair|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R9tADwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|year=2018|publisher=Head of Zeus|location=London|isbn=978-1-78854-308-8}}
* {{cite book|last1=Leitenberg|first1=Milton|last2=Zilinskas|first2=Raymond A.|last3=Kuhn|first3=Jens H.|title=The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: a History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ydd-hC1GlQC&pg=PP1|year=2012|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|edition=Kindle|isbn=978-0-674-06526-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Robert|title=Dark Actors: The Life and Death of David Kelly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShRM5yFGoyUC&pg=PP1|year=2013|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=London|isbn=978-0-85720-919-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Marsh|first=Kevin|authorlink=Kevin Marsh|title=Stumbling Over Truth: The Inside Story and the 'Sexed Up' Dossier, Hutton and the BBC|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5PetAwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|year=2012|publisher=Biteback Publishing|location=London|isbn=978-1-84954-475-7}}
* {{cite book|last1=Miller|first1=Judith|authorlink1=Judith Miller|last2=Broad|first2=William|authorlink2=William Broad|last3=Engelberg|first3=Stephen|title=Germs: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zd9WOXK0DSIC&pg=PP1|year=2012|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4391-2815-2}}
* {{cite book|last1=Pearson|first1=Graham S.|title=The UNSCOM Saga: Chemical and Biological Weapons Non-Proliferation|date=2000|publisher=Macmillan Press|location=London|isbn=978-0-312-22959-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Quilligan|first=Michael|title=Understanding Shadows: The Corrupt Use of Intelligence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j4pXDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|date= 2013|publisher=Clarity Press, Inc|location=Atlanta, Georgia|isbn=978-0-9853353-9-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Rogers|first=Simon|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first=Simon|title=The Hutton Inquiry and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2NnAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Politico's Guardian Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-106-0|chapter=The Inquiry in Numbers|page=i}}
* {{cite book|last=Rusbridger|first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Rusbridger|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first=Simon|title=The Hutton Inquiry and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2NnAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Politico's Guardian Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-106-0|chapter=Foreword|pages=vi–viii}}
* {{cite book|last=Smithson|first=Amy|title=Germ Gambits: The Bioweapons Dilemma, Iraq and Beyond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T2f4SzKKFgEC&pg=PP1|year=2011|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford, California|isbn=978-0-8047-8071-1}}
* {{cite book|last1=Wagner|first1=Corinna|last2=Brown|first2=Andy|title=A Body of Work: An Anthology of Poetry and Medicine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HzZhCwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|year=2016|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|location=London|isbn=978-1-4725-1181-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Watt|first=Nicholas|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first=Simon|title=The Hutton Inquiry and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2NnAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Politico's Guardian Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-106-0|chapter=The Firestorm Breaks|pages=42–66}}
* {{cite book|last=Wells|first=Matt|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first=Simon|title=The Hutton Inquiry and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2NnAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Politico's Guardian Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-84275-106-0|chapter=The Story of the Story|pages=28–41}}

====Reports, including transcripts and evidence====
* {{cite report|last1=Chilcot|first1=John|authorlink1=John Chilcot|title=The Report of the Iraq Inquiry: Executive Summary|date=6 July 2016|publisher=The Stationery Office|location=London|url=http://www.iraqinquiry.org.uk/the-report/|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20171123122743/http://www.iraqinquiry.org.uk/the-report/|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 November 2017|isbn=978-1-4741-3331-9|access-date=23 January 2020}}
* {{cite web|last1=Hunt|first1=Nicholas|title=Final Post Mortem Report|url=https://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/corporate-reports/MoJ/2010/pathologist-report-dpa.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Justice|access-date=12 February 2020|date=25 July 2003}}
* {{cite report|last1=Hutton|first1=Lord|authorlink1=Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton|title=Report of the Inquiry into the Circumstances Surrounding the Death of Dr David Kelly C.M.G.|date=2004|publisher=The Stationery Office|location=London|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/report/huttonreport.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515030509/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/report/huttonreport.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 May 2011|isbn=978-0-1029-2715-3}}
** {{cite web|title=Attachment B – Susan Watts' notebook 45 – transcription of shorthand notes|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/sjw/sjw_1_0025to0029.pdf|date=8 September 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908065719/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/sjw/sjw_1_0025to0029.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Attachment B – Susan Watts' notebook 45|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Dr Kelly's evidence to ISC 16/07/03|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/isc/isc_1_0003to0035.pdf|date=16 July 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908074340/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/isc/isc_1_0003to0035.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Dr Kelly's evidence to ISC 16/07/03|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Full transcript of tape recorded interview with Dr Kelly 30/05/03|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/sjw/sjw_1_0037to0043.pdf|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908065719/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/sjw/sjw_1_0037to0043.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Transcript of tape recorded interview|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 4|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans04.htm|date=12 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070510/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans04.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 4|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 5|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans05.htm|date=12 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070416/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans05.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 5|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 8|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans08.htm|date=12 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070325/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans08.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 8|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 17|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans17.htm|date=25 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070641/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans17.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 17|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 24|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans24.htm|date=25 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070624/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans24.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 24|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 26|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans26.htm|date=8 September 2003|access-date=11 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908065335/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans26.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 26|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 29|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans29.htm|date=25 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908065809/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans29.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 29|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 33|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans33.htm |date=8 September 2003|access-date=11 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908070340/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans33.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 33|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 35|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans35.htm|date=25 August 2003|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908065809/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/transcripts/hearing-trans35.htm|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Hutton Inquiry – Hearing Transcript 35|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Letter Dr Kelly to Dr Wells 30 /06/03|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/mod/mod_1_0019to0022.pdf|date=25 August 2003|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908080331/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/mod/mod_1_0019to0022.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Letter Dr Kelly to Dr Wells 30 /06/03|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=MOD Statement|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/mod/mod_1_0067.pdf|date=12 August 2003|access-date=22 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908080346/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/mod/mod_1_0067.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|MOD Statement|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Notes made on organiser of the meeting 22/05/03|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/bbc/bbc_7_0057to0058.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908102548/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/bbc/bbc_7_0057to0058.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Notes made on organiser of the meeting|2003}}}}
** {{cite web|title=Radio 4 Today Programme 29/05/03|url=http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/bbc/bbc_1_0004to0017.pdf|access-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050908092843/http://www.the-hutton-inquiry.org.uk/content/bbc/bbc_1_0004to0017.pdf|archive-date=8 September 2005|ref={{sfnRef|Radio 4 Today Programme 29/05/03|2003}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Iraq: Failing to Disarm|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/17434.pdf|publisher=US Department of State|access-date=18 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"Iraq: Failing to Disarm". US Department of State|2003}}}}
* {{cite report|author=<!--No single author identified-->|title=Iraq – Its Infrastructure of Concealment, Deception and Intimidation|date=January 2003|url=http://www.number-10.gov.uk/files/pdf/iraq.pdf|oclc=912764049|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040619112534/http://www.number-10.gov.uk/files/pdf/iraq.pdf|archive-date=19 June 2004|ref={{sfnRef|Iraq – Its Infrastructure of Concealment, Deception and Intimidation|2003}}}}
* {{cite report|author=Joint Intelligence Committee|authorlink=Joint Intelligence Committee (United Kingdom)|title=Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction: the Assessment of the British Government|date=24 September 2002|publisher=The Stationery Office|location=London|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/resources/en/pdf/pdf3/fco_iraqdossier|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130144134/http://www.fco.gov.uk/resources/en/pdf/pdf3/fco_iraqdossier|archive-date=30 January 2010|ref={{sfnRef|"Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction" (September Dossier)|2002}}}}
* {{cite book|last1=Kelly|first1=David|chapter=The Trilateral Agreement: lessons for biological weapons verification|editor1-last=Findlay|editor1-first=Trevor|editor2-last=Meier|editor2-first=Oliver|editor1-link=Trevor Findlay|title=Verification Yearbook 2002|date=2002|publisher=Verification Research, Training and Information Centre (VERTIC)|location=London|isbn=978-1-899548-35-4|pages=93–109|url=https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/13529/VY02_FULL.pdf}}
* {{cite report|author=Ministry of Defence|title=Operations in Iraq, Lessons for the Future|date=December 2003|publisher=Directorate General Corporate Communication|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/OperationsInIraqLessonsForTheFutureByTheBritishMinistryOfDefence|oclc=55217113|ref={{sfnRef|Operations in Iraq|2003}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Oral evidence. Taken before the Foreign Affairs Committee on Tuesday 15 July 2003|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200203/cmselect/cmfaff/uc1025-i/uc102502.htm|publisher=Parliament|date=15 July 2003|access-date=5 February 2020|ref={{sfnRef|Oral evidence, Foreign Affairs Committee|2003}}}}

====Journals and magazines====
* {{cite journal|last1=al-Marashi|first1=Ibrahim|authorlink1=Ibrahim al-Marashi|title=The "Dodgy Dossier:" The Academic Implications of the British Government's Plagiarism Incident|journal=Middle East Studies Association Bulletin|date=June 2006|volume=40|issue=1|pages=33–43 |doi=10.1017/S0026318400049385|jstor=23062632|s2cid=157849660 }}
* {{cite magazine|last1=Buczacki|first1=Stefan|title=Dr David Kelly (1965)|magazine=Linacre News|date=Autumn 2003|issue=26|pages=14–15}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Drummer|first1=Olaf|last2=Forrest|first2=A. Robert W.|last3=Goldberger|first3=Bruce|last4=Karch|first4=Steven B.|title=Forensic Science In The Dock: Postmortem Measurements Of Drug Concentration In Blood Have Little Meaning|journal=The BMJ|date=18 September 2004|volume=329|issue=7467|pages=636–637|doi=10.1136/bmj.329.7467.636|jstor=25469111|pmid=15374894|pmc=517629}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Ekéus|first1=Rolf|authorlink1=Rolf Ekéus|title=The Lessons of UNSCOM and Iraq|journal=The Nonproliferation Review|date=8 September 2016|volume=23|issue=1–2|pages=131–146|doi=10.1080/10736700.2016.1186875|s2cid=151688949}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Findlay|first1=Trevor|authorlink1=Trevor Findlay|title=Looking Back: The UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission|journal=Arms Control Today|date=September 2005|volume=35|issue=7|pages=45–48|jstor=23627820}}
* {{cite journal|title=IAEA and UNSCOM Inspection Teams In Iraq Since the Gulf War|journal=Arms Control Today|date=April 1993|volume=23|issue=3|page=29|jstor=23624961|ref={{sfnRef|"IAEA and UNSCOM Inspection Teams In Iraq Since the Gulf War". ''Arms Control Today''}}}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Kelly |first1=D. C. |title="Oryctes" virus replication: Electron microscopic observations on infected moth and mosquito cells |journal=Virology |date=February 1976 |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=596–606 |doi=10.1016/0042-6822(76)90488-8|pmid=18621357 }}
* {{cite ODNB|last=Mangold|first=Tom|author-link=Tom Mangold|title=Kelly, David Christopher (1944–2003)|date=October 2008|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/92249}}
* {{London Gazette|issue=54427|date=14 June 1996|page=3|ref={{sfnRef|"No. 54427". ''The London Gazette''}}}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Stone|first1=Richard|title=British Expert Leaves Impressive Arms Control Legacy|journal=Science|date=25 July 2003|volume=301|issue=5632|pages=445–447|doi=10.1126/science.301.5632.445|jstor=3834650|pmid=12881537|s2cid=153805162}}

====News====
* {{cite news|last1=Aaronovitch|first1=David|authorlink1=David Aaronovitch|title=A weapons expert, a rose grower and a fantasist|work=The Times|date=23 October 2007|page=17}}
* {{cite news|last1=Beaumont|first1=Peter|last2=Barnett|first2=Antony|last3=Hinsliff|first3=Gaby|title=Iraqi mobile labs nothing to do with germ warfare, report finds|date=15 June 2003|url=https://www.theguardian.com/Iraq/Story/0,,977916,00.html|work=The Observer}}
* {{cite news|last1=Billington|first1=Michael|title=Palace of the End – review|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2010/nov/02/palace-of-the-end-review|work=The Guardian|date=2 November 2010}}
* {{cite news|first1=Brian|last1=Brady|first2=Rachel|last2=Shields|title=Kelly family appeals for calm after new murder claims by MP|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/article3081832.ece|work=The Independent|date=21 October 2007|access-date=7 January 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224022437/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/article3081832.ece|archive-date=24 December 2007}}
* {{cite news|last1=Burden|first1=Elizabeth|title=Family secretly exhumed the remains of David Kelly|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/family-secretly-exhumed-the-remains-of-david-kelly-rjz3dl8rf|access-date=23 February 2020|work=The Times|date=30 October 2017}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Chilcot inquiry: Kelly secrecy ruling|work=The Guardian|date=25 January 2010|page=7|ref={{sfnRef|"Chilcot inquiry: Kelly secrecy ruling". ''The Guardian''}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Clark|first1=Alex|title=Number 11 by Jonathan Coe review – a sequel to What a Carve Up!|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/nov/11/number-11-jonathan-coe-review-what-a-carve-up|work=The Guardian|date=11 November 2015}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=David Kelly. Biological warfare adviser who recently came under the spotlight during the Government's row with the BBC|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=19 July 2003|page=33|ref={{sfnRef|"David Kelly". ''The Daily Telegraph''}}}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Day four: Key points|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3150375.stm|publisher=BBC|date=2 October 2003|ref={{sfnRef|"Day four: Key points". BBC News}}}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Doctors demand formal inquest for Dr David Kelly|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8397625.stm|publisher=BBC|date=5 December 2009|ref={{sfnRef|"Doctors demand formal inquest for Dr David Kelly". BBC}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Dodd|first1=Vikram|title=Kelly's death remains unresolved for some|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/jul/16/david-kelly-death-10-years-on|work=The Guardian|date=17 July 2013|page=11}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Dr David Kelly: Controversial death examined|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13716127|publisher=BBC|date=17 December 2011|ref={{sfnRef|"Dr David Kelly: Controversial death examined". ''BBC News''}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Gilligan|first1=Andrew|authorlink1=Andrew Gilligan|title=I asked my intelligence source why Blair misled us all over Saddam's weapons. His reply? One word&nbsp;... CAMPBELL|work=The Mail on Sunday|date=1 June 2003|page=26}}
* {{cite news|last1=Grice|first1=Andrew|last2=Sengupta|first2=Kim|title=BBC chairman under fire after admitting Kelly was key source|work=The Independent|date=21 July 2003|page=1}}
* {{cite news|last1=Halpin|first1=David|last2=Frost|first2=Stephen|last3=Sennett|first3=Searle|title=Letters: Our doubts about Dr Kelly's suicide|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2004/jan/27/guardianletters4|work=The Guardian|date=27 January 2004}}
* {{cite news|last1=Higgins|first1=Charlotte|title=Turner prize shortlist includes painter who imagines death of Dr David Kelly|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/may/04/turner-prize-2010-shortlist|website=The Guardian|date=4 May 2010}}
* {{cite news|last1=Hirsch|first1=Afua|title=Hutton inquiry closed Kelly medical reports for 70 years|work=The Guardian|date=26 January 2010|page=12}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=The Hutton report: main points|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-hutton-report-main-points-qpk0p6q8035|work=The Times|date=28 January 2004|ref={{sfnRef|"The Hutton report: main points". ''The Times''}}}} {{subscription required}}
* {{cite news|last1=Jones|first1=George|title=BBC in crisis, Blair in clear|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=29 January 2004|page=3}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Kelly coroner names hearing date|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3533747.stm|publisher=BBC|date=4 March 2004|ref={{sfnRef|"Kelly coroner names hearing date". BBC}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Kelly|first1=David|title=David Kelly: The threat from Saddam|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/aug/31/huttonreport.iraq|work=The Observer|date=31 August 2003}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Kelly's death may be re-examined|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=14 August 2010|page=2|ref={{sfnRef|"Kelly's death may be re-examined". ''The Daily Telegraph''}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Lawson|first1=Mark|title=Lawson on TV: The Government Inspector|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/mar/14/television.broadcasting|work=The Guardian|date=14 March 2005}}
* {{cite news|last=McLean|first=Craig|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/jun/18/9|work=The Observer|title=Thom Yorke: 'It's not my job to do business with politicians'|date=18 June 2006}}
* {{cite news|title=Minister rules out Kelly inquest|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-13709515|publisher=BBC|date=9 June 2011|ref={{sfnRef|"Minister rules out Kelly inquest". BBC}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Morris|first1=Steven|title=Kelly funeral brings calm in the storm: Service remembers happy family man with pride in Welsh roots while media kept at arm's length|work=The Guardian|date=7 August 2003|page=2}}
* {{cite news|last1=Morrison|first1=Blake|title=The fatal flaw|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/mar/31/labourleadership.labour|work=The Guardian|date=31 March 2007}}
* {{cite news|title=New suspicion over Kelly death – MP|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uklatest/story/0,,-6997401,00.html|access-date=5 July 2020|work=The Guardian|date=15 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118051723/http://www.guardian.co.uk/uklatest/story/0%2C%2C-6997401%2C00.html|archive-date=18 January 2008|ref={{sfnRef|"New suspicion over Kelly death – MP". ''The Guardian''}}}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Obituary: David Kelly|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/david-kelly-9nd5bdbnn9x|work=The Times|date=21 July 2003|page=25|ref={{sfnRef|"Obituary: David Kelly". ''The Times''}}}} {{subscription required}}
* {{cite news|last1=Payne|first1=Stewart|title=Baha'i funeral for convert to Middle-Eastern religion|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=22 July 2003|page=7}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Picture Gallery|work=The Times |date=19 July 2003|page=1|ref={{sfnRef|"Picture Gallery". ''The Times''}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Rawlinson|first1=Kevin|title=Body of WMD dossier scientist David Kelly exhumed|work=The Guardian|date=29 October 2017|page=5}}
* {{cite news|last1=Rayner|first1=Gordon|last2=Hope|first2=Christopher|title=No evidence of foul play, says Kelly pathologist; Weapons inspector died from self-inflicted cuts, says report released to counter conspiracy theories|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=23 October 2010|page=5}}
* {{cite news|last1=Sanger|first1=David E.|authorlink1=David E. Sanger|title=Threats and Responses: The President; Bush Declares U.S. is Using Diplomacy to Disarm Hussein|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/22/world/threats-responses-president-bush-declares-us-using-diplomacy-disarm-hussein.html|work=The New York Times|date=22 October 2002}}
* {{cite news|last1=Scurr|first1=Ruth|title=Jonathan Coe's raucous social satire smoulders with anger|url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/11/jonathan-coes-raucous-social-satire-smoulders-with-anger-behind-the-fun/|work=The Spectator|date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112201239/https://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/11/jonathan-coes-raucous-social-satire-smoulders-with-anger-behind-the-fun/|archive-date=12 January 2020}}
* {{cite news|last1=Sengupta|first1=Kim|title=A man who looked what he was: a scientist with a calm, patient manner|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/a-man-who-looked-what-he-was-a-scientist-with-a-calm-patient-manner-96808.html|work=The Independent|date=19 July 2003|page=5}}
* {{cite news|last1=Sengupta|first1=Kim|last2=Grice|first2=Andrew|title=The death of a civil servant: adviser 'felt betrayed' over treatment in Gilligan affair|work=The Independent|date=19 July 2003|page=2}}
* {{cite news|last1=Sengupta|first1=Kim|last2=Peachey|first2=Paul|title=The death of a civil servant: confirming source places BBC directly in the line of fire|work=The Independent|date=21 July 2003|page=5}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Sunday, October 5|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sunday-october-5-707tfq62xmr|work=The Times|date=4 October 2003|ref={{sfnRef|"Sunday, October 5". ''The Times''}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Taylor|first1=Matthew|title=David Kelly postmortem reveals injuries were self-inflicted|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/oct/22/david-kelly-postmortem-self-inflicted|work=The Guardian|date=22 October 2010a}}
* {{cite news|last1=Taylor|first1=Matthew|title=Medical documents: Secret papers point to scientist's suicide|work=The Guardian|date=23 October 2010b|page=5}}
* {{cite web|last1=Taylor|first1=Paul|title=Palace of the End, Arcola Theatre, London|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/reviews/palace-of-the-end-arcola-theatre-london-2125518.html|website=The Independent|date=5 November 2010}}
* {{cite news|last1=Taylor|first1=Terence|title=Obituary: David Kelly. Model weapons inspector in Russia and then in Iraq|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/david-kelly-36852.html|work=The Independent|date=31 July 2003|page=18}}
* {{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Television: Friday, February 13|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/television-friday-february-13-09mvsf6h5w0|work=The Times|date=7 February 2004|ref={{sfnRef|"Television: Friday, February 13". ''The Times''}}}}
* {{cite news|title=Timeline: David Kelly|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/conspiracy_files/6380231.stm|publisher=BBC|access-date=20 January 2020|date=22 February 2007|ref={{sfnRef|"Timeline: David Kelly". BBC}}}}
* {{cite news|last1=Tweedie|first1=Neil|title=Quiet burial for Kelly amid political storm Lord Hutton, who will hold an inquiry into the scientist's death, is among mourners as widow asks that turmoil be put aside|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=7 August 2003|page=6}}
* {{cite news|last1=Vallely|first1=Paul|title=The Kelly Affair: Anatomy of a Conspiracy Theory|work=The Independent|date=21 August 2010|page=18}}
* {{cite news|last1=Watt|first1=Nicholas|title=Attorney general rejects call for fresh inquest into weapons expert's death: No evidence of a cover-up, over Dr Kelly, says Grieve|work=The Guardian|date=10 June 2011|page=15}}
* {{cite news|last1=White|first1=Michael|last2=Norton-Taylor|first2=Richard|last3=Morris|first3=Steven|last4=Wells|first4=Matt|authorlink1=Michael White (journalist)|authorlink2=Richard Norton-Taylor|title=Crisis for the Blair government. Dossiers and denials. Spin and subterfuge. Now ... The vendetta's victim|work=The Guardian|date=19 July 2003|page=1}}

====Websites====
* {{cite web|title=BBC – Radio 4 Front Row – 30/10/03|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/arts/frontrow/frontrow_20031030.shtml|publisher=BBC|access-date=11 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124185407/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/arts/frontrow/frontrow_20031030.shtml|archive-date=24 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"BBC – Radio 4 Front Row – 30/10/03". BBC}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Biological Weapons – UNODA|url=https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/bio/|publisher=United Nations|access-date=8 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113141015/https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/bio/|archive-date=13 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"Biological Weapons – UNODA". United Nations}}}}
* {{cite web|last1=Bush|first1=George W.|authorlink1=George W. Bush|title=President Delivers State of the Union Address|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020129-11.html|publisher=The White House|access-date=19 January 2020|date=29 January 2002}}
* {{cite web|title=David Kelly and the BBC|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03m0lqf|date=30 September 2003|publisher=BBC|access-date=12 February 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"David Kelly and the BBC". BBC}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Dexter Dalwood and the Tate Collection|url=http://www.tate.org.uk/stives/exhibitions/dexterdalwood/default.shtm|publisher=Tate|access-date=6 February 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210183522/http://www.tate.org.uk/stives/exhibitions/dexterdalwood/default.shtm|archive-date=10 February 2010|ref={{sfnRef|"Dexter Dalwood and the Tate Collection". Tate St Ives}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Dr David Kelly: the Conspiracy Files|url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/09d368bbbe6143268e5fc38a0dcf8d86|publisher=The Radio Times|access-date=11 February 2020|pages=74|date=22 February 2007|ref={{sfnRef|"Dr David Kelly: the Conspiracy Files". ''The Radio Times''}}}}
* {{cite web|title=The Government Inspector|url=https://www.channel4.com/press/news/government-inspector|publisher=Channel 4|access-date=15 January 2020|date=18 July 2016|ref={{sfnRef|"The Government Inspector". ''Channel 4''}}}}
* {{cite web|last1=Horrocks|first1=Peter|authorlink1=Peter Horrocks|title=BBC – Press Office – Panorama A Fight to the Death|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2004/01_january/20/panorama_horrocks.shtml|publisher=BBC|date=20 January 2004|access-date=11 February 2020}}
* {{cite web|last1=Powell|first1=Colin|authorlink1=Colin Powell|title=Remarks to the United Nations Security Council|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/secretary/former/powell/remarks/2003/17300.htm|publisher=Department of State|access-date=18 January 2020|date=5 February 2003}}
* {{cite web|title=Security Council Resolution 687 – UNSCR|url=http://unscr.com/en/resolutions/687|publisher=United Nations|access-date=11 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"Security Council Resolution 687 – UNSCR". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)|url=https://undocs.org/S/RES/1441(2002)|publisher=United Nations|access-date=19 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)". ''United Nations Security Council Resolutions''}}}}
* {{cite web|title=UNMOVIC: Basic facts|url=https://www.un.org/Depts/unmovic/|publisher=United Nations|access-date=15 January 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"UNMOVIC: Basic facts". United Nations}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Witness History, The death of David Kelly|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csywxp|publisher=BBC|access-date=12 February 2020|ref={{sfnRef|"Witness History, The Death of David Kelly". BBC}}}}

====Television====
* {{cite AV media|date=13 February 2004|title=Germ Warfare: Dr Kelly's Last Interview|medium=Television production|publisher=Five|ref={{sfnRef|''Germ Warfare'', 13 February 2004}}}}
{{Refend}}

===Further viewing===
* Films and video
** ''Dead In The Woods'' (2007) Investigative documentary that explores the links between Kelly's death and a global bio-weapons conspiracy. Scheduled for international theatrical release and broadcast in 2008.
** ''[[The Conspiracy Files|David Kelly: The Conspiracy Files]]'' (2007) ({{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/conspiracy_files/6213898.stm | work=BBC News | title=David Kelly: The Conspiracy Files | date=7 December 2006 | access-date=16 August 2010}}) BBC Documentary exploring the death of Dr. Kelly and the conspiracy surrounding it.
** [http://www.tvguide.com/detail/tv-show.aspx?tvobjectid=100005&more=ucepisodelist&episodeid=3219269/ 60 Minutes] – report on former USSR's smallpox programme, and David Kelly's role in investigating both Soviet and Iraqi smallpox labs

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