View source for Darugha

{{Short description|Territorial subdivision in the Mongol Empire}}{{Italic title}}
'''''Darugha''''' ({{langx|ba|даруга}}, {{langx|tt-Cyrl|даруга|translit=daruğa}}, from [[Mongolian language|Mongol]]: ''daru-'', 'to press, to seal'<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ergene|first1=Boğaç A.|title=Judicial Practice: Institutions and Agents in the Islamic World|date=2009|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9-00417-934-9|page=271|quote=Darugha - the word is derived from the Mongol daru-, 'to press, to seal' and was used to denote a chief in the Mongol feudal hierarchy (...)}}</ref>) was a territorial subdivision in the [[Mongol Empire]]. A ''darugha'' was ruled by a ''[[darughachi]]''.

Later, the term was used for the province, particularly in [[Kazan Khanate|Kazan]] and the [[Siberian Khanate]]s in the 15th and 16th centuries. It was used in the Turkic-populated parts of the [[Russian Empire]] in the 16th to 18th centuries.<ref>{{TES|Даруга}}</ref> In [[Safavid Iran]], it was a title meaning ''[[prefect]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mikaberidze|first1=Alexander|title=Historical Dictionary of Georgia|date=2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-44224-146-6|page=95}}</ref> One of the many Safavid ''darughas'' was [[Mirman Mirimanidze]].

In 1762, the [[Bashkir people]] controlled the Kazan, Nogai, Osin and Siberian ''darughas''.<ref>Rychkov Petr Ivanovich: "Topography of Orenburg" Russia St. Petersburg, 1762 page 93</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=April 2024}}

In the [[Mughal Empire]], a ''[[daroga]]'' was the title of a district police officer. This title was kept until the 20th century during the [[British Raj]].
[[File:Daruga Khanate of Kazan Gallam.png|thumb|Daruga Khanate of Kazan]]

== in the Kazan Khanate there were 5 darugs: ==

* Galician Daruga - (trade route to the [[Russians]])
* Alat Daruga - (trade route to the [[Cheremis|Cheremis Mari]])
* Arskaya Daruga - (trade route to the [[Udmurts|Ars Udmurts]])
* Zureya Daruga - (trade route to the [[Chuvash people|Bulgar Chuvash]])
* Nogai Daruga - (trade route to the [[Kipchaks]], [[Bashkirs|Bashkir]] and [[Nogais|Nogay]])

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mongol Empire}}
[[Category:Government of Safavid Iran]]
[[Category:Mongol Empire]]
[[Category:Types of administrative division]]


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