View source for DRG Class 05

{{Short description|German steam locomotive class (1935–1958)}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2016}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name             = DRG Class 05 <br/> DB Class 05
| bgcolor          = A00
| color            = FFF
| image            = Dampflokomotive der Baureihe 05 Der neue Brockhaus 1938.jpg
| alt              = 
| caption          = 05 002 at Brockhaus, 1938
| powertype        = Steam
| designer         = 
| builder          = [[Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (AEG)|Borsig Lokomotiv Werke]] ([[Hennigsdorf]])
| ordernumber      = 
| serialnumber     = 14552–14553, 14555
| buildmodel       = 
| builddate        = 1935 (2), 1937 (1)
| totalproduction  = 3
| rebuilder        = 
| rebuilddate      = 
| numberrebuilt    = 
| whytetype        = {{whyte|4-6-4}}
| uicclass         = 2{{prime}}C2{{prime}} h3
| DRGtype          = S 37.19
| driver           = Divided: inside cylinder to first coupled axle, outside cylinders to second
| gauge            = {{track gauge|sg}}
| leadingdiameter  = {{convert|1100|mm|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| driverdiameter   = {{convert|2300|mm|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| trailingdiameter = {{convert|1100|mm|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| tenderdiameter   = {{convert|1100|mm|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| carrydiameter    = 
| minimumcurve     = 
| wheelbase        = 
|  wheelspacing    = {{ubl|{{convert|2350|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|2200|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|2550|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|2550|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|2250|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|<u>{{convert|2000|mm|ftin|frac=8|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} {{=}}</u> *}}
|  engine total    = {{convert|13900|mm|ftin|frac=8|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}
|  leading         = 
|  drivers         = <!-- USA terminology -->
|  coupled         = <!-- British terminology -->
|  trailing        = 
|  tender total    = {{ubl|{{convert|1800|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|1450|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|{{convert|1325|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} +|<u>{{convert|1325|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} {{=}}</u>|{{convert|5900|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}}}
|  tendertruck     = <!-- USA terminology -->
|  tenderbogie     = <!-- British terminology -->
|  wheelbasewithtender = {{convert|22075|mm|ftin|frac=8|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}
| racksystem       = 
| pivotcentres     = <!-- Garratts, diesels and electrics -->
| length           = 
|  over couplers   = 
|  over headstocks = {{convert|24965|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
|  over buffers    = {{convert|26265|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| width            = 
| height           = {{convert|4550|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| frametype        = 
| axleload         = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|19.2|t|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|19.6|t|abbr=on}}, later {{convert|18.6|t|abbr=on}}}}
|  leadingbogie/pony= <!-- load on leading bogie or pony wheel -->
|  coupled all     = <!-- when the load on all coupled wheels are the same -->
|  coupled 1       = <!-- load on 1st coupled wheel -->
|  coupled 2       = <!-- load on 2nd coupled wheel -->
|  coupled 3       = <!-- etc. -->
|  trail bogie/pony= <!-- load on trailing bogie or pony wheel -->
|  tenderbogieload = <!-- load per tender bogie, use "Truck 1:<br/>Bogie 2:" if different -->
|  tenderaxle      = <!-- use "Axle 1:", etc with "<br/>" for line breaks -->
| weightondrivers  = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|57.6|t|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|59.0|t|abbr=on}}, later {{convert|56.0|t|abbr=on}}}}
| emptyweight      = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|118.5|t|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|118.6|t|abbr=on}}, later {{convert|114.0|t|abbr=on}}}}
| serviceweight    = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|129.9|t|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|129.5|t|abbr=on}}, later {{convert|124.0|t|abbr=on}}}}
| locoweight       = 
| tenderweight     = 
| locotenderweight = 
| tendertype       = {{ubl|''001–002:'' 2{{prime}}3&nbsp;T&nbsp;37&nbsp;St|''003:'' 2{{prime}}3K&nbsp;T&nbsp;35, later 2{{prime}}3&nbsp;T&nbsp;38.5}}
| fueltype         = Coal (Coal dust for 003 1937–1944)
| fuelcap          = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|10|t|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|10|t|abbr=on}}, later {{convert|12|t|abbr=on}}}}
| watercap         = {{ubl|''001–002:'' 2{{prime}}3&nbsp;T&nbsp;37&nbsp;St|''003:'' 2{{prime}}3K&nbsp;T&nbsp;35, later 2{{prime}}3&nbsp;T&nbsp;38.5}}{{convert|37|m3|impgal usgal|abbr=on}}
| tendercap        = 
| sandcap          = 
| fireboxtype      = <!-- Round-top, Belpaire, combustion chamber, etc. -->
|  firearea        = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|4.7|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|4.40|m2|abbr=on}}}}
| boiler           = <!-- Watson Standard no. x, etc -->
|  boilertype      = <!-- Domeless, etc -->
|  pitch           = {{convert|3170|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
|  diameterinside  = 
|  lengthinside    = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|7000|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|5500|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}}}
|  smalltubediameter={{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|70|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}}, 106 off|''003:'' {{convert|54|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}}, 137 off}}
|  largetubediameter= {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|171|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}}, 24 off|''003:'' {{convert|143|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}}, 35 off}}
| boilerpressure   = {{convert|20|bar|kgf/cm2 psi|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} (reduced to {{convert|16|bar|kgf/cm2 psi|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} in 1950)
| safetyvalvetype  = <!-- Salter spring balance, Ramsbottom, Pop, etc. -->
| feedwaterheater  = 
|  fireboxarea     = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|18.5|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|22.66|m2|abbr=on}}}}
|  tubearea        = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|151.3|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|123.52|m2|abbr=on}}}}
|  archarea        = 
|  fluearea        = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|86.2|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|81.72|m2|abbr=on}}}}
|  tubesandflues   = 
|  totalsurface    = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|256.0|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|227.95|m2|abbr=on}}}}
| superheatertype  = 
|  superheaterarea = {{ubl|''001–002:'' {{convert|90.0|m2|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|81.9|m2|abbr=on}}}}
| cylindercount    = Three
| cylindersize     = {{convert|450|x|660|mm|frac=16|abbr=on}}
| hpcylindersize   = 
| lpcylindersize   = 
| cylinderpressure = 
| valvegear        = [[Walschaerts valve gear|Heusinger/Walschaerts]]
| valvetype        = 
| valvetravel      = 
| valvelap         = 
| valvelead        = 
| transmission     = 
| trainheating     = 
| locobrakes       = 
| locobrakeforce   = 
| trainbrakes      = 
| safety           = 
| coupling         = 
| maxspeed         = {{ubl|''Service:'' {{convert|175|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}|''Test:'' {{convert|200.4|km/h|mph|1|abbr=on}}}}
| indicatedpower   = {{unbulleted list|''001–002:'' {{convert|2360|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}}|''003:'' {{convert|2400|PS|kW hp|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}}}
| poweroutput      = 
| tractiveeffort   = 
| factorofadhesion = 
| operator         = 
| operatorclass    = 
| powerclass       = 
| numinclass       = 
| fleetnumbers     = 05&nbsp;001 – 05&nbsp;003
| officialname     = 
| nicknames        = 
| axleloadclass    = 
| locale           = 
| deliverydate     = 
| firstrundate     = 
| lastrundate      = 
| retiredate       = 1958
| withdrawndate    = 
| preservedunits   = 
| restoredate      = 
| scrapdate        = 
| currentowner     = 
| disposition      = One preserved, remainder scrapped
| notes            = <nowiki>*</nowiki> For 05&nbsp;003 in cab-forward configuation, values should be read in reverse order
}}
The DRG '''Class 05''' was a class of three [[Deutsche Reichsbahn]]  [[4-6-4]] [[steam locomotive]]s (2{{prime}}C2{{prime}}&nbsp;h3 in the [[UIC notation]]) used on express passenger trains in continental Europe. They were part of the DRG's standard locomotive (''[[Einheitsdampflokomotive|Einheitslokomotive]]'') series.

== Pre World War II history ==
Following the success of the [[Diesel locomotive|diesel]] [[High-speed rail|high speed trains]] like the [[DRG Class SVT 877|Flying Hamburger]] in the middle of the 1930s, the German locomotive industry turned to faster [[steam locomotive]]s. After speed tests with a [[streamliner|streamlined]] [[DRG Class 03]] the [[August Borsig|Borsig]] locomotive factories{{efn-lr|The Borsig factory was moved from Tegel to Hennigsdorf after the takeover of Borsig by [[AEG (German company)|AEG]], and production took place at both sites.}} produced three engines:
* 05 001 as streamlined in 1935
* 05 002 as streamlined in 1935; This engine broke the world speed record in 1936 at 124.5&nbsp;mph (200.4&nbsp;km/h)
* 05 003 as [[cab forward]] streamlined in 1937 <ref name="Self, 003" />

The locomotives did regular service in FD express passenger trains, e.g. FD 23 from [[Hamburg]] to [[Berlin]]. 
The design speed was 175&nbsp;km/h (109&nbsp;mph). In 1944, the streamline plates were removed. 05 003 had been rebuilt and lost the cab forward design.

== World high speed records ==
05 001 and 05 002 were mainly used for test runs from 1935 to 1936. Most of these runs were made on complete journeys between Hamburg and Berlin. On 7 June 1935 the 05 002 made a top speed of {{convert|191.7|km/h|abbr=on}} near Berlin. The same engine made six more runs with more than {{convert|177|km/h|abbr=on}} with trains up to {{convert|254|t|abbr=on}} weight. On 11 May 1936 it set the [[Land speed record for railed vehicles|world speed record for steam locomotives]] after reaching {{convert|200.4|km/h|abbr=on}} on the [[Berlin–Hamburg Railway|Berlin–Hamburg line]] hauling a {{convert|197|t|abbr=on}} train. The engine power was more than {{convert|2,535|kW|ihp|abbr=on|lk=on}}). This record was broken two years later by the British [[LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard]] engine, on a slightly downhill line but with a heavier (240 [[long ton|ton]]) train. This record was set between [[Little Bytham railway station|Little Bytham]] and [[Essendine railway station|Essendine]] in South [[Lincolnshire]].

On 30 May 1936 the 05 002 set an unbroken start stop speed record for steam locomotives: During the return run from a 190&nbsp;km/h test Berlin-Hamburg it did the ~{{convert|113|km|mi|abbr=off}} from Wittenberge to a signal stop before Berlin-Spandau in 48 min 32 s, meaning {{convert|139.4|km/h|abbr=on}} average between start and stop.

== Post-War history ==
After World War II, the three locomotives came to the engine shop in [[Hamm, Westphalia|Hamm]], [[Westphalia]]. Since there were only three members of the class, [[Deutsche Bundesbahn|DB]] considered scrapping them. However, the engines were sent to [[Krauss-Maffei]] to be restored. 05 003 went into regular service in 1950, the other two in 1951. Boiler pressure was reduced to {{convert|16|bar|psi|abbr=on|disp=or}}, meaning the engines lost some of their old power. All three locomotives were used to haul express trains until 1958.

The class mostly hauled the FD (long-distance express) trains "Hanseat" and "Domspatz" on the run [[Hamburg]] - [[Cologne]] - [[Frankfurt]]. The regular top speed of the trains was {{convert|140|km/h|abbr=on}}. On this {{convert|703|km|abbr=on}} run the 05 operated trains did the longest run with steam traction in the DB network. In July 1958 the 05 were replaced by the [[diesel-hydraulic]] [[DB Class V 200]].

05 001 went to the [[DB Museum|Verkehrsmuseum Nürnberg]], where it can be seen streamlined in large parts - the drivetrain on the right hand side remains visible - in its original red livery. The other two locomotives were scrapped in 1960.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-16692, Stromlinienlokomotive 05 001.jpg|05 001 on delivery
File:Bild 183-C10258.jpg|The streamlined cab forward 05 003
File:05001 Nuernberg 2006-08.jpg|05 001 in the [[Nuremberg Transport Museum]]  
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{Notelist-lr}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="Self, 003" >{{Cite web
  |author=Douglas Self 
  |authorlink=Douglas Self 
  |url=http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/05003/05003.htm 
  |title=cab forward 05 003
}}</ref>
}}
*{{Hütter-01bis45|pages=91–92}}
*{{Weisbrod-EFA1.1|pages=56–63}}

== External links ==
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070827054340/http://www.ewetel.net/~michael.blunck/ttd/br05_1.html
* http://www.dbtrains.com/en/locomotives/epochII/BR05
* http://www.dlok.de/87.htm Specifications source (in German)

{{DRG locomotives}}

[[Category:Steam locomotives of Germany|05]]
[[Category:4-6-4 locomotives]]
[[Category:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft locomotives|05]]
[[Category:Borsig locomotives]]
[[Category:Streamlined steam locomotives]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Germany]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1935]]
[[Category:2′C2′ h3 locomotives]]