View source for D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation

{{Short description|Organization of 9 developing Muslim-majority Countries}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox Organization
| name                     = D-9 Organization for Economic Cooperation
| image                    = Official_logo_for_D-8_Organization_for_Economic_Cooperation.png
| image_border             = 
| size                     = 
| caption                  = 
| map                      = Developing 8 countries.PNG
| msize                    = 280px
| mcaption                 = Members of D-8<ref name="orthography">The [http://www.g15.org/ official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912210315/http://www.g15.org/ |date=12 September 2017 }} adopts the "G-15" [[orthography]] (with a hyphen) in order to distinguish an abbreviated references to this group – contrasts with other similarly named entities.</ref>
| motto                    = 
| formation                = 1996 <br /> 1997 (1 Summit)
| extinction               = 
| type                     = 
| status                   = Intergovernmental organization
| purpose                  = 
| headquarters             = [[Istanbul]], Turkey
| location                 = 
| region_served            = 
| membership               = {{Collapsible list
 | title = 9
 | {{AZE}} <br /> {{BAN}} <br /> {{EGY}} <br />   {{IDN}} <br />  {{IRN}} <br />{{MAS}} <br /> {{NGR}} <br/> {{PAK}} <br /> {{TUR}} }}
| language                 = 
| leader_title             = Secretary-General
| leader_name              = Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam
| leader_title2            = President
| leader_name2             = Badr Abdul Ati<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1403092820873/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87-%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA?utm_source=chatgpt.com | title=مصر ریاست گروه دی هشت را برعهده گرفت | date=18 December 2024 }}</ref>
| leader_title3            = Chairman
| leader_name3             = [[Abdel Fattah Al Sisi]]
| main_organ               = 
| affiliations             = 
| num_staff                = 
| num_volunteers           = 
| website                  = {{url|www.developing8.org}}
}}

The '''D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation''', also known as '''Developing-8''', is an [[organisation]] for development co-operation among [[Bangladesh]], [[Egypt]], [[Indonesia]], [[Iran]], [[Malaysia]], [[Nigeria]], [[Pakistan]], and [[Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.developing8.org/About.aspx/ |title=Brief History of D-8 |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162119/http://www.developing8.org/About.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Azerbaijan]] was admitted to the organization as the 9th member on 19 December 2024.<ref>[https://thegulfobserver.com/azerbaijan-joins-d-8-as-new-member-at-cairo-summit/ Azerbaijan Joins D-8 as New Member at Cairo Summit]</ref>

The combined population of the nine countries is more than 1.28 billion or 63% of all [[Muslims]], or close to 16% of the world's population and covering an area of 7.62 million square kilometres, 5% of world land area.<ref name=TehranTimes>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=215026 |title=D8 ministerial summit opens today |date=27 February 2010 |publisher=[[Tehran Times]] |access-date=1 March 2010}}</ref> In '''2016''', trade between the D-8 member states stood at approximately '''$65 billion''', showing substantial growth since its inception. By '''2020''', this figure increased to around '''$133 billion''', reflecting the enhanced economic cooperation and integration among member countries. In 2024, the total nominal GDP of the eight nations reached approximately '''$5.1 trillion''', underscoring their collective economic significance. Transactions among these countries accounted for an increasing share of global trade as they continue to pursue ambitious goals, such as reaching a trade value of '''$500 billion''' by 2030 under the D-8 Decennial Road map. This plan also focuses on expanding sectoral cooperation in areas like agriculture, energy, and transportation, fostering sustainable development across the member states.{{fact|date=March 2025}}

==Purposes and objectives==
The main areas of co-operation include finance, banking, rural development, science and technology, humanitarian development, agriculture, energy, environment, and health.<ref name=TehranTimes/>

In the first Summit Declaration (Istanbul, 1997), the main objective of D-8 is stated to be socio-economic development in accordance with the following principles:
*Peace instead of conflict.
*Dialogue instead of confrontation.
*Cooperation instead of exploitation.
*Justice instead of double standard.
*Equality instead of discrimination.
*Democracy instead of oppression.

The fifth D-8 Summit Declaration (Bali, 2006) produced the following, as illustration of the application of the group's objectives:
*Commitment to work together to solve the problem of economic disparities within our countries.
*Reaffirm commitment to enhance co-operation in the field of energy to develop alternative and renewable energy resources.
*Emphasize the importance of D-8 in contributing to the economic development of its member countries and ensure that it promotes global trade.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.developing8.org/MissionStatement.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121128112155/http://www.developing8.org/MissionStatement.aspx |archive-date=28 November 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Structure ==
The Summit, which is convened every two years, has the highest level of authority, and is composed of the leaders of each member state.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2006 |title=Developing 8 |url=http://www.developing8.org/about-d-8/organisational-structure/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314234259/http://www.developing8.org/about-d-8/organisational-structure/ |archive-date=14 March 2010 |access-date=1 March 2010 |publisher=Developing 8 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The Council is the principal decision-making body and forum for consideration of issues relating to the and is composed of the foreign affairs ministers of each member state.

The Commission has executive authority, and is composed of Commissioners appointed by each member state's government. Commissioners are responsible for promoting compliance with directives in their respective nation. Finally, an executive director is appointed by D-8 members to facilitate communication and to act in a supervisory capacity during each summit or lower-level assembly.

==D-8 Summits==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
|-
! !! Date !! Host country !! Host leader !! Location held
|-
| 1 || June 1997 || {{flagcountry|Turkey}} || [[Necmettin Erbakan]] || [[Istanbul]]
|-
| 2 || March 1999 || {{flagcountry|Bangladesh}} || [[Sheikh Hasina]] || [[Dhaka]]
|-
| 3 || February 2001 || {{flagcountry|Egypt}} || [[Hosni Mubarak]] || [[Cairo]]
|-
| 4 || February 2004 || {{flagcountry|Iran}} || [[Mohammad Khatami]] || [[Tehran]]
|-
| 5 || May 2006 || {{flagcountry|Indonesia}} || [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]] || [[Bali]]
|-
| 6 || July 2008 || {{flagcountry|Malaysia}} || [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]] || [[Kuala Lumpur]]
|-
| 7 || July 2010 || {{flagcountry|Nigeria}} || [[Muhammadu Buhari]] || [[Abuja]]
|-
| 8 || November 2012 || {{flagcountry|Pakistan}} || [[Asif Ali Zardari]] || [[Islamabad]]
|-
| 9 || October 2017 || {{flagcountry|Turkey}} || [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] || [[Istanbul]]
|-
| 10|| April 2021   ||{{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}||[[Sheikh Hasina]]   ||[[Virtual meeting|Virtual]]
|-
| 11 || 18-20 December 2024 || {{flagcountry|Egypt}} || [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] || [[Cairo]]
|-
|12
|2026-2027
|{{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
|
|
|-
|}

==Member countries==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Country
! Population (2024)
! [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|Nominal GDP]] (USD million) 2024<ref name=":5">{{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]}}</ref>
! style="font-size:85%" | [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|Nominal GDP per capita]] ($) 2024<ref name=":5" />
! [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|PPP GDP]] (USD million) 2024<ref name=":5" />
! style="font-size:85%" | '''[[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|PPP GDP per capita]] ($) 2024<ref name=":5" />'''
! [[List of countries by life expectancy|Life expectancy]] (years, avg. 2021)
! [[List of countries by Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)<ref name="2022 components">{{cite book |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |title=Human Development Report 2021-22: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping our Future in a Transforming World |date=8 September 2022 |website=hdr.undp.org |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |isbn=978-9-211-26451-7 |pages=272–276 |access-date=8 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908114232/hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |archive-date=8 September 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Azerbaijan}}''' ||10,353,296||78,749 ||7,641||199,195||19,328||72.9||0.760 (high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Bangladesh}}''' ||173,562,364||451,468 ||2,625||1,690,000||9,840||74.3||0.661 (medium)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Egypt}}''' ||116,538,258||380,044||3,542||2,230,000||20,799||71.8||0.731 (high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Indonesia}}''' ||283,487,931||1,402,590 ||4,981||4,661,542||16,542||71.3||0.705 (high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Iran}}''' ||91,567,738||434,243 ||5,013||1,700,000
|19,607||77.3||0.774 (high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Malaysia}}''' ||35,557,673||439,748||13,142||1,370,942||41,022||74.7||0.803 (very high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Nigeria}}''' ||232,679,478||372,970||1,637||1,490,000||6,543||62.6||0.535 (low)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Pakistan}}''' ||251,269,164||374,595||1,588||1,580,000||6,715||68||0.544 (medium)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''{{flag|Turkey}}''' ||87,473,805||1,344,318||15,666||3,460,000||40,283||78.6||0.838 (very high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''Average''' ||142,498,856||586,525||6,204||2,042,409||20,075||72.0||0.705 (high)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | '''Combined''' ||1,282,489,707||5,278,725||N/A||18,381,679||N/A||N/A||N/A
|}

== Secretaries-General ==
{{Main|Secretary General of the D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
! No. !! Name !! Country of origin !! Took office !! Left office
|-
| 1 || [[Ayhan Kamel]] ||{{flag|Turkey}} || 1997 || 2006
|-
| 2 || [[Dipo Alam]] ||{{flag|Indonesia}} || 2006 || 2010
|-
| 3 || [[Widi Agoes Pratikto]] ||{{flag|Indonesia}} || 2010 || 2012
|-
| 4 || [[Seyed Ali Mohammad Mousavi]] ||{{flag|Iran}} || 2013 || 2017
|-
| 5 || [[Ku Jaafar Ku Shaari]] ||{{flag|Malaysia}} || 2018 || 2021
|-
| 6 || [[Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam]] ||{{flag|Nigeria}} || 2022 || Present
|}

== Affiliated Bodies ==

* [[D-8 International University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=D-8 International University - D8 International Portal - D8 Portal |url=http://iu.d8.int/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=D8 International Portal |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[D-8 Map of Scientific Excellence and Collaboration]] (D8-MSEC)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://d8.isc.ac/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=d8.isc.ac}}</ref>
* [[D-8 Network of Pioneers for Research and Innovation]] (D-8 NPRI)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://developing8.org/d-8-npri/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=developing8.org}}</ref>
* [[D-8 Technology Transfer and Exchange Network]] (D-8 TTEN)<ref>{{Cite web |title=HOME |url=https://d8tten.org/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=D-8TTEN |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[D-8 Health and Social Protection Programme]] (D-8 HSP)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://developing8.org/areas-of-cooperation/health/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=developing8.org}}</ref>
* [[D-8 Research Center for Agriculture and Food Security]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF) |url=https://web.uaf.edu.pk/News/NewsDetail/1707 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=web.uaf.edu.pk}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Newly industrialized country]]
*[[Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley#Next Eleven|Next Eleven]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|www.developing8.org}}

{{commons category|Organization for Economic Cooperation}}

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141107152303/http://www.developing8.org/Membercountry.aspx D-8 Member States Statistics]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141107154120/http://www.developing8.org/Publication.aspx D-8 Publications]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141107154736/http://www.developing8.org/Areaofcoop.aspx?Priorityarea=Trade&&Prioritysubarea=Supervisory%20Committee Preferential Trade Agreement]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141107155839/http://www.developing8.org/Areaofcoop.aspx?Priorityarea=Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Security&&Prioritysubarea=Fertilizer Agriculture and Food Security]
{{D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation}}
{{South-South}}

[[Category:Developing 8 Countries| ]]
[[Category:International economic organizations]]
[[Category:Islamic organizations based in Turkey]]
[[Category:International organizations based in Turkey]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Istanbul]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Iran]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Turkey]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Egypt]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Malaysia]]