View source for Dülmener

{{Short description|Breed of horse}}
{{Infobox horse breed
| name            = Dülmener
| image           = Merfeld,_Merfelder_Bruch,_Dülmener_Wildpferde_--_2021_--_9344.jpg
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| altname         = {{ubl|Merfelderbrücher|Dülmen Horse|Dülmen Pony}}
| country         = Germany
| distribution    = [[Nordrhein-Westfalen]], Germany
| status          = {{ubl|[[FAO]] (2007): critical{{r|barb|page=49}}|[[DAD-IS]] (2021): at risk{{r|dad}}|[[Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen|GEH]] (2021): extremely endangered{{r|geh}}}}
| use             = 
| colour          = usually [[striped dun]]
| height          = 122–132 cm{{r|cabi|page=462}}
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The '''Dülmener''' or '''Dülmen''' is a German [[horse breed|breed]] of small [[feral horse]].{{r|stadt}} It was formerly known as the '''Merfelderbrücher'''.{{r|geh3}} A herd of approximately 300 head lives in feral conditions in an area of about 3.5 km<sup>2</sup> in the [[Merfelder Bruch]], near the town of [[Dülmen]] in the [[Districts of Germany|Kreis]] of [[Coesfeld (district)|Coesfeld]] in north-western [[Nordrhein-Westfalen]], in north-western Germany.{{r|dad|cabi|page2=462|elise|page3=176}}

It is gravely endangered; in 2014 it was the "endangered breed of the year" of the [[Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen]],{{r|geh2}} and in 2021 was classified in category I, ''extrem gefährdet'' (extremely endangered) on the [[Rote Liste]] of that association.{{r|geh}}

== History ==
[[Image:Merfeld, Wildpferdefang -- 2014 -- 0685.jpg|thumb]]
{{empty section|date=February 2022}}

== Characteristics ==
{{empty section|date=February 2022}}

== Use ==

Most Dülmener mares live in unmanaged [[feral horse|feral]] conditions in the Merfelder Bruch. Once a year, at the end of May, the horses are rounded up and some colt foals are separated from the herd to be sold at auction. Once trained, these may make good [[riding horse|riding]] or [[driving horse]]s.{{r|stadt}}

== See also ==
* [[List of German horse breeds]]

== References ==
<references>

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{ISBN|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>

<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{ISBN|9781780647944}}.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[https://fao-dadis-breed-detail.firebaseapp.com/?country=DEU&specie=Horse&breed=Dülmener Breed data sheet: Dülmener / Germany (Horse)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed March 2021.</ref>

<ref name=elise>Élise Rousseau, Yann Le Bris, Teresa Lavender Fagan (2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Eus9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 ''Horses of the World'']. Princeton: Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|9780691167206}}.</ref>

<ref name=geh>[https://www.g-e-h.de/index.php/rassebeschreibungen/45-pferde/116-duelmener Dülmener] (in German). Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen. Accessed March 2021.</ref>

<ref name=geh2>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190320171236if_/http://www.g-e-h.de/gef-rassen/gefrasse14.htm Die Gefährdete Nutztierrasse des Jahres 2014] (in German). Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen. Archived 20 March 2019.</ref>

<ref name=geh3>Gerhard Carls (1995). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190326211021/http://www.g-e-h.de/geh-pfer/dulm.htm Das Dülmener Pferd] (in German). Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen. Archived 26 March 2019.</ref>

<ref name=stadt>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080617042927/http://www.duelmen.de/en/wild_horses/index.htm The famous Wild Horses of the Merfeld Marsh]. Stadt Dülmen. Archived 17 June 2008.</ref>

</references>

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Dülmener}}
* [https://www.ig-duelmener.de/ Interessengemeinschaft des Dülmener Wildpferdes Deutschland e.V.]

{{Horse breeds of Germany}}
{{Authority control}}

{{#related:List of German Horse Breeds}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dulmen Pony}}
[[Category:Horse breeds]]
[[Category:Horse breeds originating in Germany]]
[[Category:Animal breeds on the GEH Red List]]

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