View source for Cycling in Chicago

[[File:ChicagoBikeTheDrive.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bike the Drive]] 2005]]

Since the advent of the [[bicycle]] in the 1860s, [[Chicago]] has been distinguished as one of the premier cycling locations in the [[United States]], with such public cycling destinations as [[Grant Park (Chicago)|Grant Park]], [[Burnham Park (Chicago)|Burnham Park]] and the [[Chicago Park District]]'s [[Chicago Lakefront Trail|Lakefront Trail]].

==History==
Early bicycles arrived in Chicago in the 1860s. By 1900, there were 54 bicycle clubs with more than 10,000 members.<ref name='history_museum'>[http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/136.html Encyclopedia of Chicago]</ref> Bicycle [[advocacy]] has been present in Chicago since the early days of the city. [[Carter Harrison, Jr.|Carter H. Harrison II]], a mayoral candidate, was an advocate for cyclists. One of his [[Political campaign|campaign]] [[poster]]s presented him as "Not the Champion Cyclist; But the Cyclists' Champion." Harrison won the mayoral election and attributed his victory to strong support from cyclists,{{Citation needed|date=April 2007}} and rewarded his supporters with a bike path along [[Sheridan Road]] from [[Edgewater, Chicago|Edgewater]] to [[Evanston, Illinois|Evanston]]. By the late 1890s, Chicago was the "bicycle-building capital of America". According to the 1898 Chicago Bicycle Directory, approximately two-thirds of the country's bicycles and accessories were manufactured within {{convert|150|mi|km}} of the city.

[[File:Chicago Mayor Daley and Keith Kingbay on Schwinn.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Former Mayor [[Richard J. Daley]] riding a [[Schwinn Bicycle Company|Schwinn]] tandem with cycling advocate [[Keith Kingbay]] at the opening celebration of Clark Street bike lane.|alt=Former Mayor Richard J. Daley riding a Schwinn tandem with cycling advocate Keith Kingbay at the opening celebration of Clark Street bike lane.]]
Mayor [[Richard J. Daley]], like Harrison, was a supporter of bicycling. When he was inaugurated, the city had a limited number of bike paths. By the 1970s, Daley's administration had built a large network of lakefront bike paths, bicycle lanes on the road, a {{convert|34|mi|km|adj=on}} bicycle route and rush-hour bicycle lanes on [[Clark Street (Chicago)|Clark Street]] and [[Dearborn Street]].

In the 2000s, Chicago roads and trails saw an increase in the number of bicyclists.<ref name='sept08mbac' /> This can, in part, be attributed to mayor [[Richard M. Daley]]. Daley said, "My goal is to make the City of Chicago the most [[bicycle-friendly]] city in the U.S." Daley created a Mayor's Bicycle Advisory Council (MBAC) in order to encourage bicycling in the city.<ref>MBAC meetings happen four times a year in March, June, September and December. Meeting minutes are posted online for 2007 and 2008. The first public involvement meeting was held on June 17, 2009.  See [http://bike2015plan.org/mbac06172009.html Mayor's Bicycle Advisory Council - Public Meeting]</ref>

The Council created the [[Chicago Department of Transportation]] Bike Program, a multimillion-dollar program funded primarily by Federal [[CMAQ]] funds,<ref>[http://bike2015plan.org/mbac/index.html Mayor's Bicycle Advisory Council - Past Meeting Minutes]</ref> in order to achieve this end. The program, whose efforts are guided by the [https://web.archive.org/web/20090628191042/http://www.bike2015plan.org/ Bike 2015 Plan], approved in June 2006, has created over {{convert|100|mi|km}} of new bike lanes, installed 10,000 [[Bicycle stand|bicycle rack]]s, and installed {{convert|165|mi|km}} of signed bike routes in 2006. The city has also sponsored events to promote biking, such as [[Bike The Drive]], [[Bike to Work Rally]], the [http://www.lateride.org L.A.T.E. Ride] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209091551/http://www.lateride.org/ |date=2016-12-09 }}, the Commuter Challenge, and many other events. In November 2001, ''Bicycling'' magazine honored Chicago as the "Best Cycling City in the United States" of cities with more than one million residents.<ref>[http://www.ecocitycleveland.org/transportation/bicycles/chicago_bikes.html Bicycling Magazine, article text]</ref>

==Bikes and transit==
All [[Chicago Transit Authority]] (CTA) & [[Pace (transit)|Pace]] buses are equipped with bicycle racks that accommodate two bicycles each, available for use at all times.  Bicycles are allowed to board any Chicago Transit Authority train ("[[Chicago 'L'|the 'L']]"), except during the hours of 7–9 am and 4–6 pm on weekdays, up to two bikes per car. Bicycles are not allowed on trains on July 3 or 4.<ref>[http://www.transitchicago.com/riding_cta/bike_and_ride.aspx CTA's Bike & Ride website]</ref>  Folding bicycles, however, are allowed on CTA vehicles at all times.<ref>[http://www.transitchicago.com/riding_cta/bike_and_ride.aspx "Tips & other things you should know" section of the CTA's Bike & Ride website]</ref>  [[Metra]], the commuter rail system, allows bicycles to ride on [[reverse commute]], non-rush hour, and weekend Metra trains for no extra cost.  Metra timetables list certain blackout dates and specify which trips disallow bicycles; folding bicycles are allowed at all times.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://metrarail.com/content/metra/en/home/utility_landing/riding_metra/bikes_on_trains.html |title=Bikes on Trains |access-date=2010-05-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327223641/http://metrarail.com/content/metra/en/home/utility_landing/riding_metra/bikes_on_trains.html |archive-date=2010-03-27 }}</ref>  This policy began in 2005.

Most CTA rail stations have indoor, outdoor or outdoor sheltered bicycle parking. The Chicago Bicycle Program's [https://web.archive.org/web/20081227081823/http://www.chicagobikes.org/bikeparking/ Bike Parking website] displays all stations and denotes the quantity and type of bicycle parking available. Most Metra stations have bicycle parking available.

Starting in 2008, high capacity bike parking was constructed at four CTA rail stations: [[Damen (CTA Blue Line)]], [[Sox-35th (CTA)]], [[Jefferson Park (Metra-CTA)]], and [[Midway (CTA)]].<ref>[http://egov.cityofchicago.org:80/city/webportal/portalContentItemAction.do?contentOID=536999377&contenTypeName=COC_EDITORIAL&topChannelName=SubAgency&blockName=Chicago+Bike+Program%2FI+Want+To&context=dept&channelId=0&programId=0&entityName=Chicago+Bike+Program "Bike parking planned at four CTA stations"]{{Dead link|date=August 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Bike sharing==
[[File:Chicago Divvy Bike Sharing (Clinton-Madison) (14581469364).jpg|thumb|Divvy bikes at the intersection of Clinton and Madison streets]]
[[Divvy]], a [[bicycle sharing system]], was launched on June 28, 2013, with 750 bikes at 75 stations. It has since expanded to 580 stations,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.divvybikes.com/about|title=Meet Divvy|website=www.divvybikes.com|access-date=2016-07-20}}</ref> making it the largest bike share system in North America in area covered,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.medill.northwestern.edu/chicago/divvy-expansion-to-bring-75-new-stations-and-nearly-1000-bikes-to-10-more-locations/|title=Divvy expansion to bring 75 new stations and nearly 1,000 bikes to 10 more locations|date=2016-01-26|language=en-US|access-date=2016-07-20}}</ref> including 2016 expansions to near suburban communities including [[Evanston, Illinois|Evanston]] and [[Oak Park, Illinois|Oak Park]].<ref>{{Cite web|title = Year in preview: Housing, Crown, safety to command city's attention in 2016|url = http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/evanston/news/ct-evr-preview-tl-1224-20151223-story.html|website = chicagotribune.com|access-date = 2015-12-24}}</ref> Oak Park ended its partnership with Divvy in January 2018, and the stations and bikes were subsequently removed soon after.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oakpark.com/News/Articles/1-17-2018/Oak-Park-ends-Divvy-program/|title=Oak Park ends Divvy program|last=Inklebarger|first=Timothy|date=2018-01-17|website=Wednesday Journal|access-date=2019-03-11}}</ref>

==Facilities==
[[File:Front of Mcdonalds Bike Center.JPG|thumb|left|Chicago's [[McDonald's Cycle Center]] has been described as "the ultimate in bicycle stations."<ref name=ORPTBBC>{{cite web|url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:ORGB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10AF036993EB48E3&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB579A3BDA420|title=Official Recruits Portland To Build Bike Center|access-date=2009-07-28|date=2005-06-23|work=[[The Oregonian]]|author=Brettman, Allan}}</ref>]]
According to the CDOT, Chicago has just over {{convert|111|mi|km}} of dedicated bike lanes covering much of the city.  There are also several miles of roads signed and marked with [[shared lane marking]]s (consisting of bike and [[Chevron (insignia)|chevron]] symbols, or bike symbols and arrows). As of August 2008, there are approximately {{convert|27|mi|km}} of these types of shared bike lanes throughout the city. The Milwaukee Avenue bike lane and marked shared lane is one of the most popular on-street bikeways in the city: between 2003 and 2008, the number of bicyclists riding on the street has increased 377%.<ref name='sept08mbac'>[http://www.bike2015plan.org/mbac/mbac_091708_minutes.pdf September 2008 MBAC meeting minutes]</ref> CDOT is counting the number of bicyclists on other city streets in 2008 and 2009.<ref name='sept08mbac' />

The City of Chicago publishes a [https://web.archive.org/web/20090305201746/http://www.chicagobikes.org/pdf/bike_lane_design_guide.pdf Bike Lane Design Guide]. The Bicycle Parking Program within the CDOT Bicycle Program lists almost 8,000 bike racks at over 4,000 locations in the city limits.<ref>[http://www.chicagobikes.org/bikeparking/ Bike Parking website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703070919/http://www.chicagobikes.org/bikeparking/ |date=2009-07-03 }}</ref> More than half of the CTA 'L' stations have indoor or sheltered bike parking available to protect bicycles from inclement weather.<ref>[http://www.chicagobikes.org/indoorcta.html Sheltered and Indoor bike parking at CTA stations] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926010658/http://www.chicagobikes.org/indoorcta.html |date=2009-09-26 }}</ref>

The [[McDonald's Cycle Center]] in [[Millennium Park]] was opened on July 16, 2004, just east of the Pritzker Pavilion. The building has indoor parking for bicycles, bicycle repair, showers, rental, lockers, and a cafe.<ref>[http://www.afreshsqueeze.com/chicago/articles/chicago-pedals-fast-boost-reputation-bike-friendly-city "Chicago Pedals Fast to Boost Reputation as Bike-Friendly City" ''A Fresh Squeeze''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511032025/http://www.afreshsqueeze.com/chicago/articles/chicago-pedals-fast-boost-reputation-bike-friendly-city |date=2011-05-11 }}</ref>

The [[Chicago Park District]] maintains an 18-mile [[multi-use path]] along Lake Michigan called the [[Chicago Lakefront Trail|Lakefront Trail]].

==Organizations==
* The [[Active Transportation Alliance]], formerly known as the Chicagoland Bicycle Federation, was founded in 1985 and is the largest member-supported bicycle organization in the Chicago region. ActiveTrans works heavily with the [[Chicago Bicycle Program]].
* The [http://www.illinoiscycling.org/ Illinois Cycling Association] focus on competitive cycling with links to several Chicago based racing clubs.
* The [http://chicagocyclingclub.org/ Chicago Cycling Club] holds regular rides.
* The [https://web.archive.org/web/20070704060353/http://bikeuic.org/ UIC College of Cycling] promotes cycling at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
* Several [[grassroots]] organizations also exist to promote cycling in Chicago. The [[Cycling Sisters]] work to encourage women to ride more. [[Break the Gridlock]] works to reduce auto-dependence. [[West Town Bikes]] teaches kids and adults how to maintain their own bikes. [[Bike Winter]] holds workshops and fun events to keep people biking all year round.  The Pilsen/Little Village Bicycle Alliance works to increase bicycling in those neighborhoods.
* The [http://evanstonbikeclub.org/ Evanston Bike Club]  has rides for every skill and level on the north side of the city.
* [https://www.bikelaneuprising.com/about-us/ Bike Lane Uprising] is a group that promotes safe bike riding in the city, including giving out thousands of bike safety lights for free and developing an easy to use website and phone app that allows anybody to [https://www.bikelaneuprising.com/database-feed/ submit a picture and information] about unsafe biking infrastructure in Chicago and across the US.

==Events==
[[File:Critical Mass Chicago 050826.jpg|thumb|Critical Mass gathering in [[Richard J. Daley Center|Daley Plaza]]]]
The monthly [[Critical Mass (cycling)|Critical Mass]] ride draws thousands of participants in the summer months. Participants gather at [[Richard J. Daley Center|Daley Plaza]] on the last Friday of every month at 5:30 PM for a free ride.

The [[LATE Ride]], sponsored by the [[Friends of the Parks]], is an annual overnight tour of Chicago neighborhoods.

[[Active Transportation Alliance]] hosts its annual [[Bike The Drive]] and [[Boulevard Lakefront Tour]].

Each summer, the [[Mayor's Office of Special Events]] (MOSE) hosts Bike Chicago,<ref>[http://www.bikechicago.us Bike Chicago]</ref> a series of bike friendly events around the city. MOSE and CDOT jointly operate the online calendar of events.<ref>[http://www.chicagobikes.org/drupal Bike Chicago 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627090105/http://www.chicagobikes.org/drupal/ |date=2009-06-27 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050404144029/http://www.chicagobikes.org/ Chicago Department of Transportation Bicycle Program] - official website for the city's Bicycle Program. Report an abandoned bike, request a bike rack, request a bike map or other publication. Download informational brochures and read information on state and local cycling laws.
*[http://www.activetrans.org/ Active Transportation Alliance] - Major bicycle advocacy group, formerly known as Chicagoland Bicycle Federation
*[http://TheChainLink.org The Chain Link] Social network for Chicago cyclists.
*[http://ChicagoCriticalMass.org Chicago Critical Mass] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829122027/http://chicagocriticalmass.org/ |date=2013-08-29 }} Decades-old massive monthly ride.
*[http://www.chicagofitnessreport.com/fitness-guide/cycling ChicagoFitnessReport] A local guide on various cycling clubs and events offered in Chicago.
*[http://www.chicagobikeshops.info/ Chicago Bike Shop Database] A listing of all bike shops in Chicago.  Browse via list and Google Maps; leave rating and comments.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080528034623/http://www.chicagobikestation.com/ McDonald's Cycle Center (formerly Millennium Park Bicycle Station)]
*[http://www.chicagobikeracing.com/ Chicago Bike Racing] - information about amateur bike racing in the Chicago area
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100316063830/http://bikewinter.org/ Bike Winter] Events and classes for riding in the winter
*[http://chicagocyclingclub.org Chicago Cycling Club]
*[http://www.workingbikes.org Working Bikes Cooperative]
*[http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/136.html Chicago History Museum's article on early bicycling]

===Maps===
*[http://massup.us MassUp.us] - Multi-function WebApp for Chicago cyclists.

{{Chicago}}
{{Bicycling in Chicago}}
{{Cycling in different countries and cities}}

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[[Category:Cycling in Chicago| ]]
[[Category:Transportation in Chicago]]