View source for Criterion validity

In [[psychometrics]], '''criterion validity''', or criterion-related validity, is the extent to which an [[operationalization]] of a construct, such as a test, relates to, or predicts, a theoretically related behaviour or outcome — the criterion.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Trochim|first=William M.K.|url=https://conjointly.com/kb/measurement-validity-types/|access-date=24 December 2020|website=conjointly.com|title=Measurement Validity Types}}</ref><ref name="Cronbach&Meehl1955">{{cite journal |last1=Cronbach |first1=Lee J. |last2=Meehl |first2=Paul E. |title=Construct validity in psychological tests. |journal=Psychological Bulletin |date=July 1955 |volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=281–302 |doi=10.1037/h0040957|pmid=13245896 |hdl=11299/184279 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Criterion validity is often divided into concurrent and predictive validity based on the timing of measurement for the "predictor" and outcome.<ref name="Cronbach&Meehl1955" />{{rp|page 282}} [[Concurrent validity]] refers to a comparison between the measure in question and an outcome assessed at the same time. ''[[Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing|Standards for Educational & Psychological Tests]]'' states, "concurrent validity reflects only the status quo at a particular time."<ref name=":0" /> [[Predictive validity]], on the other hand, compares the measure in question with an outcome assessed at a later time. Although concurrent and predictive validity are similar, it is cautioned to keep the terms and findings separated. "Concurrent validity should not be used as a substitute for predictive validity without an appropriate supporting rationale."<ref name=":0">American Psychological Association, Inc. (1974). "Standards for educational & psychological tests" Washington D. C.: Author.</ref> Criterion validity is typically assessed by comparison with a gold standard test.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=J.Mary|date=March 2004|title=Validity of nutritional screening and assessment tools|journal=Nutrition|volume=20|issue=3|pages=312–317|doi=10.1016/j.nut.2003.11.005|pmid=14990274}}</ref>

An example of concurrent validity is a comparison of the scores of the [[CLEP]] College Algebra exam with course grades in college algebra to determine the degree to which scores on the CLEP are related to performance in a college algebra class.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title = Validity Evidence – Research – The College Board|url = http://research.collegeboard.org/services/aces/validity/handbook/evidence|website = research.collegeboard.org|access-date = 2015-09-27|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150928011444/http://research.collegeboard.org/services/aces/validity/handbook/evidence|archive-date = 2015-09-28|url-status = dead}}</ref> An example of predictive validity is a comparison of scores on the [[SAT]] with first semester [[grade point average]] (GPA) in college; this assesses the degree to which SAT scores are predictive of college performance.<ref name=":1" />

==See also==
*[[Construct validity]]
*[[Content validity]]
*[[Discriminant validity]] (divergent validity)
*[[Face validity]]
*[[Test validity]]
*[[Validity (statistics)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/measval.php A page detailing multiple validity points]

[[Category:Validity (statistics)]]


{{psychology-stub}}
{{sociology-stub}}
{{statistics-stub}}