View source for Counts and dukes of Valois

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
[[Image:Blason comte fr Valois.svg|thumb|125px|Coat of arms of the counts and dukes of Valois.]]
The '''Valois''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|v|æ|l|w|ɑː}} {{respell|VAL|wah}}, <small>also</small> {{IPAc-en|US|v|æ|l|ˈ|w|ɑː|,_|v|ɑː|l|ˈ|w|ɑː}} {{respell|va(h)l|WAH}},<ref>{{cite LPD|3}}</ref><ref>{{cite EPD|18}}</ref> {{IPA|fr|valwa|lang}}; originally ''Pagus Valensis'') was a region in the valley of the [[Oise river]] in [[Picardy]] in the north of [[France]]. It was a fief in [[West Francia]] and subsequently the [[Kingdom of France]] until its counts furnished a line of kings, the [[House of Valois]], to succeed the [[House of Capet]] in 1328. It was, along with the counties of [[Beauvais]], the [[Count of the Vexin|Vexin]], [[Vermandois]], and [[Laon]], part of the "Oise line" of ''[[fiefdom]]s'' which were held often by one individual or an individual family as a string of defences against [[Viking]] assault on Paris.

The medieval county and [[duchy]] of Valois was located in northern France. It was included in the northeastern part of the government of [[Île-de-France]], while being part of the province of [[Picardy]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=de Hesseln |first=Robert |title=Dictionnaire universel de la France |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CGhAAAAAcAAJ&q=Valois |year=1771 |page=481}}</ref> Its capital was [[Crépy-en-Valois]].<ref name="WebsterNinthNewCollege">Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. "Valois". ''[[Webster's Dictionary#The Collegiate Dictionary|Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary]]''. 9th ed. Springfield, MA: [[Merriam-Webster]] Inc., 1985. {{ISBN|0-87779-508-8}}, {{ISBN|0-87779-509-6}} (indexed), and {{ISBN|0-87779-510-X}} (deluxe).</ref>

== Counts of Valois ==
=== Carolingian counts ===
*[[Pepin I, Count of Vermandois]] and Valois, son of [[Bernard of Italy|Bernard]], King of Italy.
* ca. 886–893 [[Pepin II, Count of Vermandois|Pepin II]] – son of previous, count of Vermandois and Valois.
* ca. 893–895 [[Herbert I, Count of Vermandois]] – brother of previous, count of Vermandois.

=== Counts of disputed origin ===
* about 895–919 Ermenfroi, also count of [[County of Amiens|Amiens]] and the [[Counts of Vexin|Vexin]]
* 915–926 [[Ralph I of the Vexin|Ralph I of Ostrevent]], also count of Amiens and the Vexin, married daughter, Eldegarde, of preceding
* 926–943 [[Ralph II of the Vexin|Ralph II]], also count of Amiens and the Vexin, son of preceding
* 943-after 992 [[Walter I of the Vexin|Walter I]], also count of Amiens and the Vexin, apparently brother or son of preceding
* about 998-after 1017 [[Walter II of the Vexin|Walter II the White]], also count of Amiens and the Vexin, son of preceding
*1017/24–1038 [[Ralph III of Valois]]
*1025–1074 [[Ralph IV of Valois|Ralph IV]], also [[count of the Vexin]] and [[Amiens]] after 1063, whose third wife was [[Anne of Kiev]], dowager queen of France (that marriage was childless)
*1074–1077 [[Simon de Crépy]], also [[count of the Vexin]] and [[Amiens]], he became a monk, and his lands were dispersed, Valois going to his sister's husband
*[[Adele of Valois]] – the sister of Simon

=== Vermandois Carolingian counts ===
*[[Herbert IV of Vermandois|Herbert IV]] (−1080), [[Count of Vermandois]], a descendant of Pepin II, became count of Valois by marriage with [[Adele of Valois|Adele]], daughter of Ralph IV
* [[Odo I, Count of Vermandois|Odo I the Insane]] (1080–1085), Count of Vermandois and of Valois, son of previous, he was disinheredited by the council of Barons of France and then he was lord of Saint-Simon by marriage.
* [[Adelaide, Countess of Vermandois|Adelaide]] – sister of previous, countess of Vermandois and Valois, wife of [[Hugh, Count of Vermandois|Hugh]].

=== Capetian counts ===
* [[Hugh I, Count of Vermandois|Hugh I Magnus (the Great)]] (1085–1101), Count of Vermandois and of Valois, son of [[Henry I of France|Henry I]] and [[Anne of Kiev]].
* [[Raoul I of Vermandois|Raoul I the Valiant]] (1102–1152), also known as ''Le Borgne'', Count of Vermandois and of Valois, son of previous.
*
* [[Ralph II, Count of Vermandois|Raoul II]] (1152–1167), Count of Vermandois and of Valois, son of Raoul I and of [[Petronilla of Aquitaine]].
* [[Philip of Alsace]] (1167–1185), [[Count of Flanders]] (1168–1191), Count of Vermandois and of Valois by marriage

To the ''royal domain'' by king [[Philip II of France|Philip II]]

*[[Blanche of Castile]] (1240–1252)
*[[Jean Tristan of France|Jean-Tristan]] (1269–1270)

=== Valois counts ===
:''In royal domain''
*[[Charles of Valois|Charles I]] (1284–1325)
*[[Philip VI of France|Philip I]] (1325–1328)
:''in royal domain''
*[[Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans|Philip II]] (1344–1375)
*''in royal domain''
*[[Louis I, Duke of Orléans|Louis I]] (1386?–1406; later created [[Duke of Orléans]] and Valois in 1392)

== Dukes of Valois ==
*[[Louis I, Duke of Orléans|Louis I]] (1392–1406)
*[[Charles, Duke of Orléans|Charles d'Orléans]] (1406–1465)
*[[Louis XII of France|Louis]] (1465–1498)
:''in royal domain''
*[[Francis I of France|François]] (Duke 1498–1515, King of France as Francis I, 1515–1547)
:''in royal domain'' but granted to several ladies of the royal house{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=864}}
*[[Margaret of Valois|Marguerite de Valois]] (1582–1615)
:''in royal domain''
*[[Gaston, Duke of Orléans|Gaston]] (1626–1660)
**[[Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois|Jean Gaston d'Orléans]] (1650–1652)
*[[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Philippe de France]] (1660–1701)
**[[Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois|Philippe Charles d'Orléans]] (1664–1666)
**Alexandre Louis d'Orléans (1673–1676)
*[[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe d'Orléans]] (1701–1723)
*[[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|Louis d'Orléans]] (1723–1752)
*[[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Louis Philippe d'Orléans]] (1752–1785)
** 1773–1785 [[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philippe d'Orléans]] (1773–1850)
*[[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe d'Orléans]] (1785–1793)
*[[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philippe d'Orléans]] (1773–1850)

Thus the house of Valois is descended from Charles I, and has been divided into several lines, three of which have reigned in France. These are:
# the direct line, beginning with Philip VI, which reigned from 1328 to 1498
# the Orléans branch, descended from [[Louis XII]], from 1498 to 1515
# the Angoulême branch, descendants of [[John, Count of Angoulême]], from 1515 to 1589.

Other Valois branches are: the [[Counts and dukes of Alençon#Dukes of Alençon|dukes of Alençon]], descendants of Charles, a younger son of Charles I, count of Valois; the [[Counts and dukes of Anjou#dukes of Anjou|Dukes of Anjou]], descendants of Louis, the second son of King John II; and the [[Duke of Burgundy|dukes of Burgundy]], descendants of Philip, the fourth son of the same king.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|pp=864–865}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
*Anselme, (Père), ''Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la Maison Royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la couronne & de la maison du Roy'', 1726.
*Fouquier-Cholet, Eloi, Q.A. ''Histoire des comtes héréditaires de Vermandois'', Saint-Quentin, 1832.
*Mabillon, Jean, ''Annales ord. Sancti Benedicti. Ticinense. Lucae'', 1739.
*Moreri, Louis, ''Le Grand Dictionnaire Historique'', Paris, 1743–1749.
*{{EB1911|wstitle = Valois, Counts and Dukes of|volume=27|pages=864–865}}

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[[Category:Counts of Valois| ]]
[[Category:Dukes of Valois| ]]
[[Category:Lists of French nobility|Valois]]
[[Category:Dukedoms of France|Valois]]
[[Category:Lists of dukes|Valois]]