View source for Contractualism

{{Short description|Concept in moral and political philosophy}}
{{See also|T. M. Scanlon#Contractualism}}
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'''Contractualism''' is a term in [[philosophy]] which refers either to a family of political theories in the [[social contract]] tradition (when used in this sense, the term is an umbrella term for all [[social contract]] theories that include [[contractarianism]]),<ref>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractarianism/ Contractarianism]</ref> or to the [[Ethics|ethical theory]] developed in recent years by [[T. M. Scanlon]], especially in his book ''What We Owe to Each Other'' (published 1998).<ref>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractualism/ Contractualism]</ref>

[[Social contract]] theorists from the history of political thought include [[Hugo Grotius]] (1625), [[Thomas Hobbes]] (1651), [[Samuel Pufendorf]] (1673), [[John Locke]] (1689), [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1762), and [[Immanuel Kant]] (1797); more recently, [[John Rawls]] (1971), [[David Gauthier]] (1986) and [[Philip Pettit]] (1997).

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Ashford, Elizabeth and Mulgan, Tim. 2007. [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractualism/ 'Contractualism]'. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.), ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (accessed October 2007).
* Cudd, Ann. 2007. [http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2007/entries/contractarianism 'Contractarianism']. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.), ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy''. (Summer 2007 Edition).
* Scanlon, T. M. 1998. ''What We Owe to Each Other''. Cambridge, Massachusetts
* Scanlon, T. M. 2003. ''The Difficulty of Tolerance: Essays in Political Philosophy''. Cambridge University Press

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{{Ethics}}
{{Political philosophy}}
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[[Category:Normative ethics]]
[[Category:Metaethics]]
[[Category:Social theories]]
[[Category:Ethical theories]]