View source for Cimabue

{{Short description|Italian artist (1240–1302)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox artist
| name             = Cimabue
| image            = Giovanni Cimabue.jpg
| image_size       = 250px
| birth_name       = Giovanni Cenni di Pepo
| birth_date       = {{c.|1240}}
| death_date       = 1302
| birth_place      = [[Florence]], Republic of Florence
| death_place      = [[Pisa]], Republic of Pisa
| nationality      = 
| notable_works    = ''[[Santa Trinita Maestà]]'', [[Maestà of Santa Maria dei Servi|''Maestà'' at Santa Maria dei Servi]], [[Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)|''Crucifix'' at Santa Croce]]
}}
[[File:Cimabue - Maestà di Santa Trinita - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|''[[Santa Trinita Maestà]]'', 1280–1285, [[Uffizi|Uffizi Gallery]], Florence]]

'''Giovanni Cimabue''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|tʃ|iː|m|ə|ˈ|b|uː|eɪ}} {{respell|CHEE|mə|BOO|ay}},<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Cimabue}}</ref> {{IPA|it|tʃimaˈbuːe|lang}}; {{c.|1240}} – 1302),<ref name=vas>{{cite book|author=Giorgio Vasari|author-link=Giorgio Vasari|title=[[Lives of the Artists]]}} Translated with an introduction and notes by J.C. and P Bondanella. Oxford: [[Oxford University Press]] (Oxford World's Classics), 1991, pp. 7–14. {{ISBN|978-0-19-953719-8}}.</ref> also known as '''Cenni di Pepo'''<ref name="Clarke">{{Cite book|title=Pseudonyms|author=Joseph F. Clarke|publisher=BCA|date=1977|page=38}}</ref> or '''Cenni di Pepi''',<ref>{{cite book|author1=J. A. Crowe|author2=G. B. Calvalcaselle|title=A History of Painting in Italy; Umbria, Florence and Siena from the Second to the Sixteenth Century|volume=1|publisher=AMS Press|year=1975|page=202}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/cimabue|title=Cimabue|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=12 May 2019}}</ref> was an [[Italian people|Italian]] painter and designer of [[mosaic]]s from [[Florence]].

Although heavily influenced by Byzantine models, Cimabue is generally regarded as one of the first great Italian painters to break from the [[Italo-Byzantine]] style.<ref>{{cite book|author=Fred Kleiner|year=2008|title=Gardner's Art through the Ages: A Global History|volume=2|publisher=Cengage Learning EMEA|page=502}}</ref> Compared with the norms of [[medieval art]], his works have more lifelike figural proportions and a more sophisticated use of shading to suggest volume. According to Italian painter and historian [[Giorgio Vasari]], Cimabue was the teacher of [[Giotto]],<ref name=vas/> the first great artist of the Italian [[Proto-Renaissance]]. However, many scholars today tend to discount Vasari's claim by citing earlier sources that suggest otherwise.<ref name="Hayden B.J. Maginnis 2004">{{cite book|author=Hayden B.J. Maginnis|section=In Search of an Artist|editor1=Anne Derbes|editor2=Mark Sandona|title=The Cambridge Companion to Giotto|location=Cambridge|year=2004|pages=12–13}}</ref>

==Life==
[[File:Cimabue (attr.), tavola di san francesco, museo della porziuncola.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[St. Francis of Assisi]]]]
Little is known about Cimabue's early life. One source that recounts his career is Vasari's ''[[Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects]]'', but its accuracy is uncertain.   
[[File:San Francesco Cimabue.jpg|thumb|300px|Fresco in the Lower Basilica of Assisi]]

He was born in Florence and died in [[Pisa]]. Hayden Maginnis speculates that he could have trained in Florence under masters who were culturally connected to [[Byzantine art]]. The art historian [[Pietro Toesca]] attributed the ''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Arezzo)|Crucifixion]]'' in the church of [[San Domenico, Arezzo|San Domenico]] in [[Arezzo]] to Cimabue, dating around 1270, making it the earliest known attributed work that departs from the Byzantine style.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Art in Renaissance Italy|last1=Paoletti|first1=John T.|last2=Radke|first2=Gary M.|publisher=Laurence King Publishing|year=2005|page=51}}</ref> Cimabue's Christ is bent, and the clothes have the golden striations that were introduced by [[Coppo di Marcovaldo]].

Around 1272, Cimabue is documented as being present in [[Rome]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Short History of Italian Painting|last1=Van Vechten Brown|first1=Alice|last2=Rankin|first2=William|publisher=J.M. Dent & Sons, ltd.|year=1914|pages=41}}</ref> and a little later he made another ''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)|Crucifix]]'' for the Florentine church of [[Santa Croce, Florence|Santa Croce]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Carpentry and Symmetry in Cimabue's Santa Croce Crucifix|last=Brink|first=Joel|date=October 1978|work=The Burlington Magazine|issue=907|volume=120}}</ref> Now restored, having been damaged by the [[1966 Arno River flood]], the work was larger and more advanced than the one in [[Arezzo]], with traces of naturalism perhaps inspired by the works of [[Nicola Pisano]].

According to Vasari, Cimabue, while travelling from Florence to Vespignano, came upon the 10-year-old Giotto (c. 1277) drawing his sheep with a rough rock upon a smooth stone. He asked if Giotto would like to come and stay with him, which the child accepted with his father's permission.<ref name=World/> Vasari elaborates that during Giotto's apprenticeship, he allegedly painted a fly on the nose of a portrait Cimabue was working on; the teacher attempted to sweep the fly away several times before he understood his pupil's prank.<ref name=World>{{cite book |last=Eimerl |first=Sarel |others=et al |title=The World of Giotto: c. 1267–1337 |url=https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime |url-access=registration |publisher=Time-Life Books |year=1967 |isbn=0-900658-15-0 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldofgiottoc100eime/page/82 82], 85}}</ref> Many scholars now discount Vasari's claim that he took Giotto as his pupil, citing earlier sources that suggest otherwise.<ref name="Hayden B.J. Maginnis 2004"/>

Around 1280, Cimabue painted the ''[[Maestà (Cimabue)|Maestà]]'', originally displayed in the church of [[San Francesco, Pisa|San Francesco]] at [[Pisa]], but now at the [[Louvre Museum|Louvre]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Tuscany & Umbria|last1=Maxwell|first1=Virginia|last2=Leviton|first2=Alex|last3=Pettersen|first3=Leif|publisher=Lonely Planet|year=2010|pages=364}}</ref> This work established a style that was followed subsequently by numerous artists, including [[Duccio di Buoninsegna]] in his ''[[Rucellai Madonna]]'' (in the past, wrongly attributed to Cimabue) as well as Giotto. Other works from the period, which were said to have heavily influenced Giotto, include a ''[[Flagellation of Christ|Flagellation]]'' ([[Frick Collection]]),<ref>Holly Flora (2006), ''Cimabue and Early Italian Devotional Painting'' (The Frick Collection).</ref> mosaics for the [[Baptistery of Florence]] (now largely restored), the ''Maestà'' at the [[Basilica di Santa Maria dei Servi|Santa Maria dei Servi]] in [[Bologna]] and the ''Madonna'' in the Pinacoteca of [[Castelfiorentino]]. A workshop painting, perhaps assignable to a slightly later period, is the ''Maestà with Saints Francis and Dominic'' now in the [[Uffizi]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Madonna Enthroned with the Child, St. Francis, St. Dominic, and two Angels attributed to Cimabue |url=https://www.uffizi.it/en/artworks/cimabue-madonna-enthroned |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Uffizi Galleries}}</ref>

During the [[pontificate]] of [[Pope Nicholas IV]], the first [[Franciscan Order|Franciscan]] pope,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Dante and the Franciscans: Poverty and the Papacy in the 'Commedia'|last=Havely|first=Nick|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|page=39}}</ref> Cimabue worked in [[Assisi]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Image of St. Francis: Responses to Sainthood in the Thirteenth Century|last=Brooke|first=Rosalind B.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|pages=352}}</ref> At Assisi, in the [[transept]] of the Lower [[Basilica di San Francesco di Assisi|Basilica of San Francesco]], he created a [[fresco]] named ''Madonna with Child Enthroned, Four Angels and St Francis''. The left portion of this fresco is lost, but it may have shown [[Anthony of Padua|St Anthony of Padua]] (the authorship of the painting has been recently disputed for technical and stylistic reasons).<ref name=":1" /> Cimabue was subsequently commissioned to decorate the [[apse]] and the transept of the Upper Basilica of Assisi, in the same period of time that Roman artists were decorating the [[nave]]. The cycle he created there comprises scenes from the [[Gospel]]s, the lives of [[Mary, mother of Jesus|the Virgin Mary]], [[Saint Peter|St Peter]] and [[Paul the Apostle|St Paul]]. The paintings are now in poor condition because of oxidation of the brighter colours that were used by the artist.

[[File:Cimabue 025.jpg|thumb|250px|''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)|Crucifix]]''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)|, ''1287–1288'']], Panel, {{convert|448|x|390|cm|1|abbr=on}}, [[Basilica di Santa Croce di Firenze|Basilica di Santa Croce]], Florence]]


The ''[[Santa Trinita Maestà|Maestà of Santa Trinita]]'', dated to c. 1290–1300, which was originally painted for the church of [[Santa Trinita, Florence|Santa Trinita]] in [[Florence]], is now in the [[Uffizi Gallery]]. The softer expression of the characters suggests that it was influenced by Giotto, who was by then already active as a painter.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Art in Renaissance Italy|last1=Paoletti|first1=John T.|last2=Radke|first2=Gary M.|publisher=Laurence King Publishing|year=2005|pages=85}}</ref>

Cimabue spent the last period of his life, 1301 to 1302, in Pisa. There, he was commissioned to finish a mosaic of [[Christ enthroned with the Virgin and St John|Christ Enthroned]], originally begun by [[Maestro Francesco]], in the apse of the [[Pisa Cathedral|city's cathedral]]. Cimabue was to create the part of the mosaic depicting St [[John the Evangelist]], which remains the sole surviving work documented as being by the artist.<ref>{{cite book|last=White|first=John|title=Art and architecture in Italy 1250-1400|date=26 May 1993|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=9707250208|page=175|edition=3rd Revised}}</ref> Cimabue died around 1302.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia|last=Kleinhenz|first=Christopher|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|pages=223–224}}</ref>
{{Gallery
|File:Pisa - Duomo di Pisa - 2023-09-29 14-36-41 001.jpeg|The mosaic in its architectural context
|File:Cimabue 001.jpg|The figure of Saint John, the only documented work by Cimabue
}}

==Character==
According to Vasari, quoting a contemporary of Cimabue, "Cimabue of Florence was a painter who lived during the author's own time, a nobler man than anyone knew but he was as a result so haughty and proud that if someone pointed out to him any mistake or defect in his work, or if he had noted any himself ... he would immediately destroy the work, no matter how precious it might be."<ref name=GV>{{cite book|last=Vasari|first=Giorgio|title=Lives of the Artists, 1550|year=1991|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-281754-X|page=[https://archive.org/details/livesofartists0000vasa/page/13 13]|url=https://archive.org/details/livesofartists0000vasa/page/13}}</ref>

The nickname Cimabue translates as "bull-head" but also possibly as "one who crushes the views of others", from the Italian verb ''cimare'', meaning "to top", "to shear", and "to blunt". The conclusion for the second meaning is drawn from similar commentaries on Dante, who was also known "for being contemptuous of criticism".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T017771?q=cimabue&search=quick&pos=1&_start=1|title=Cimabue|last=Gibbs|first=Robert|publisher=www.oxfordartonline.com|access-date=11 February 2017}}</ref>

==Legacy==
History has long regarded Cimabue as the last of an era that was overshadowed by the [[Italian Renaissance]]. As early as 1543, Vasari wrote of Cimabue, "Cimabue was, in one sense, the principal cause of the renewal of painting," with the qualification that, "Giotto truly eclipsed Cimabue's fame just as a great light eclipses a much smaller one."<ref name=GV />

== In Dante's ''Divine Comedy'' ==
In Canto XI of his ''[[Purgatorio]]'', [[Dante]] laments the quick loss of public interest in Cimabue in the face of Giotto's revolution in art.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Aligheri|first=Dante|title=Purgatorio|publisher=Anchor Books, Random House Inc.|year=2003|isbn=0-385-49700-8|location=New York|pages=245|translator-last=Hollander|translator-first=Jean|translator-last2=Hollander|translator-first2=Robert}}</ref> Cimabue himself does not appear in ''Purgatorio'', but is mentioned by Oderisi, who is also repenting for his pride. The artist serves to represent the fleeting nature of fame in contrast with the Enduring God.<ref name=":0" />

<blockquote><poem>
O vanity of human powers,
how briefly lasts the crowning green of glory,
unless an age of darkness follows!
In painting Cimabue thought he held the field
but now it's Giotto has the cry,
so that the other's fame is dimmed.
</poem><ref>{{Cite book|last=Aligheri|first=Dante|title=Purgatorio|publisher=Anchor Books, Random House|year=2003|isbn=0-385-49700-8|location=New York|pages=236–237|translator-last=Hollander|translator-first=Jean|translator-last2=Hollander|translator-first2=Robert}}</ref></blockquote>

== Market ==
On 27 October 2019, ''[[The Mocking of Christ (Cimabue)|The Mocking of Christ]]'', was sold for €24m (£20m; $26.6m), a price the auctioneers described as a new world record for a medieval painting. The picture had been located in the kitchen of a home in northern France, and its owner had been unaware of its value.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50201691|title=Masterpiece found in French kitchen fetches €24m|date=27 October 2019|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

== List of works ==
While none of Cimabue’s works are signed or securely dated, art historians have attributed several to him, with varying degrees of certainty. Many works in major collections have been erroneously attributed to Cimabue.<ref>Belosi, ''[[iarchive:cimabue0000bell/page/273/mode/1up|Cimabue]]'', 273-283.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+List of works attributed to Cimabue
!Image
!Title
!Medium
!Location
|-
|[[File:Cimabue 027.jpg|frameless|140x140px]]
|''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Arezzo)|Crucifix]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[San Domenico, Arezzo]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue 025.jpg|frameless|132x132px]]
|''[[Crucifix (Cimabue, Santa Croce)|Crucifix]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Santa Croce, Florence]]
|-
|[[File:La Vierge et l'Enfant en majesté entourés de six anges - Cimabue - Musée du Louvre Peintures INV 254 ; MR 159.jpg|frameless|173x173px]]
|''[[Maestà (Cimabue)|Maestà]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Louvre]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, The Virgin and Child Enthroned with Two Angels.jpg|frameless|144x144px]]
|[[Virgin and Child with Two Angels (Cimabue)|''Virgin and Child with Two Angels'']]
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[National Gallery|National Gallery, London]]
|-
|[[File:La Dérision du Christ - Cimabue - Musée du Louvre Peintures RFML.PE.2023.33.1 - après restauration.jpg|frameless|146x146px]]
|''[[The Mocking of Christ (Cimabue)|The Mocking of Christ]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Louvre]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue - Flagellation.jpg|frameless|145x145px]]
|''[[The Flagellation of Christ (Cimabue)|The Flagellation of Christ]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Frick Collection]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie del battista, 1250-1330 ca., 02 nascita e imposizione del nome, attr. a cimabue.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''The Naming of John the Baptist''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie del battista, 1250-1330 ca., 03 san giovannino nel deserto, attr. a cimabue con ampi restauri.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''John the Baptist Entering the Wilderness''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie della genesi 1250-1330 ca., 04 peccato originale, attr. a gaddo gaddi.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Original Sin''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie della genesi 1250-1330 ca., 05 rimpovero di dio, attr. a gaddo gaddi, con restauri.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Reproach of God''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie della genesi 1250-1330 ca., 06 cacciata dal paradiso terrestre, attr. a gaddo gaddi, con restauri.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Expulsion from the Garden of Eden''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie di giuseppe, 1250-1330 ca., 03 giuseppe racconta i sogni ai fratelli, ambito di coppo.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Joseph Sold by His Brothers into Slavery''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie di giuseppe, 1250-1330 ca., 05 fratelli mostrano la veste insanguinata di giuseppe al padre, attr. al maestro della maddalena.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Joseph's Parents Mourn His Loss''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Mosaici del battistero di firenze, storie di giuseppe, 1250-1330 ca., 06 viaggio di giuseppe in egitto, attr. al maestro della maddalena.JPG|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Joseph Goes into Egypt''
|Mosaic
|[[Florence Baptistery]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, maestà di santa maria dei servi.jpg|frameless|202x202px]]
|''[[Maestà of Santa Maria dei Servi|Maestà]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Santa Maria dei Servi, Bologna]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, madonna di castelfiorentino, 1285 ca. 01.JPG|frameless|166x166px]]
|''[[Castelfiorentino Madonna]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Museo di Santa Verdiana]], [[Castelfiorentino]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue - Madonna and Child, Angels and St. Francis - after resoration 2023.4.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Virgin and Child with Angels and St. Francis''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Lower Basilica|Lower Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, loggette con angeli 09.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Angels'' (now lost)
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, trapasso di maria.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''The Death of the Virgin''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, dormitio.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|Dormition of the Virgin
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, assunzione di maria 2.jpg|frameless|117x117px]]
|Assumption of the Virgin
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, cristo e maria in gloria.jpg|frameless|117x117px]]
|''Christ and the Virgin Enthroned''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, crocifissione del transetto sinistro.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Cruxifiction'' (left)
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, crocifissione del transetto destro.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Cruxifiction'' (right)
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, visione di san giovanni a patmos.jpg|frameless|123x123px]]
|''Vision of St. John on Patmos''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, angeli ai quattro canti della terra.jpg|frameless|132x132px]]
|''Angels at the Four Corners of the Earth''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, visione del trono.jpg|frameless|133x133px]]
|''Vision of the Golden Throne''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, caduta di babilonia.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''Fall of Babylon''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, san michele e il drago.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''St. Michael and the Dragon'' (now lost)
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, cristo apocalittico.jpg|frameless|128x128px]]
|''Apocalyptical Christ''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, caduta di simon mago.jpg|frameless|127x127px]]
|''The Fall of Simon Magnus''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, crocifissione di pietro.jpg|frameless|123x123px]]
|''Martyrdom of St. Peter''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, martirio di san paolo.jpg|frameless|135x135px]]
|''Martyrdom of St. Paul''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, pietro guarisce uno storpio.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''St. Paul Healing the Crippled Man''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, miracoli di san pietro.jpg|frameless|132x132px]]
|''St. Paul Expelling Demons''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue, volta evangelisti 00.jpg|frameless|115x115px]]
|''The Four Evangelists''
|Fresco
|[[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi#Upper Basilica|Upper Basilica, Saint Francis of Assisi]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue Trinita Madonna.jpg|frameless|202x202px]]
|''[[Santa Trinita Maestà]]''
|Tempera and gold on wood
|[[Uffizi|Uffizi, Florence]]
|-
|[[File:Cimabue 001.jpg|frameless|170x170px]]
|''St. John'' (detail of apse mosaic)
|Mosaic
|[[Pisa Cathedral]]
|}

==References==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist|35em}}

===Sources===
*{{cite book
 | last = Adams
 | first = Laurie Schneider
 | title = Italian Renaissance Art
 | publisher = Westview Press
 | year = 2001
 | location = Boulder, Colorado
 | pages = 420
 | isbn = 0-8133-3690-2
 }}
*{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Cimabue, Giovanni|volume=6|first=William Michael|last=Rossetti|author-link= William Michael Rossetti |page= 366-367|short=1}}
*{{cite book
 | author1 = Vasari, Giorgio
 | translator = George Bull
 | title = Lives of the Artists
 | url = https://archive.org/details/livesofartists02vasa
 | url-access = registration
 | publisher = Penguin Classics
 | year = 1987
 | isbn = 9780140445008
 }}
*{{cite book
 | author = Vaughn, William
 | title = Encyclopedia of Artists
 | publisher = Oxford University Press
 | year = 2000
 | isbn = 0-19-521572-9
 }}

==External links==
* {{Commons-inline}}
* [http://www.art-drawing.ru/gallery/category/388-cimabue Cimabue. Pictures] [http://www.art-drawing.ru/biographies/brief-biographies/1644-cimabue and Biography]
* [http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/cimabue-santa-trinita-madonna.html Cimabue ''Santa Trinita Madonna'' (1280–1290)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015150415/http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/cimabue-santa-trinita-madonna.html |date=15 October 2014 }}. A video discussion about the painting from smarthistory.khanacademy.org
* {{Cite NSRW|short=x|wstitle=Cimabue, Giovanni}}

{{Cimabue}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cimabue}}
[[Category:1240s births]]
[[Category:1302 deaths]]
[[Category:13th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:14th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Painters from Florence]]
[[Category:Gothic painters]]
[[Category:Italian male painters]]
[[Category:Italian mosaic artists]]