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{{For|the Polish village|Chiny, Pomeranian Voivodeship}}
{{Short description|City in Wallonia, Belgium}}
{{Infobox Belgium municipality
|name             = Chiny
|native_name      = {{native_name|wa|Tchini}}
|type             = city
|picture          = Chiny JPG02.jpg
|picture-legend   = Chiny: St Nicholas's bridge on the River Semois
|map              = Chiny Luxembourg Belgium Map.svg
|map-legend       = Location of Chiny in Luxembourg province
|arms             = Blason ville be Chiny (Luxembourg).svg
|flag             = Chiny_vlag.svg
|province         = [[Luxembourg (Belgium)|Luxembourg]]
|arrondissement   = [[Arrondissement of Virton|Virton]]
|nis              = 85007
|mayor            = Sébastian Pirlot (deputy)
|majority         = deputy
|postal-codes     = 6810-6813
|telephone-area   = 061
|web              = [http://www.chiny.be/ www.chiny.be]
|coordinates      = {{coord|49|44.3|N|05|20.6|E|region:BE|display=inline,title}}
}}

'''Chiny''' ({{IPA|fr|ʃini|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Manestra-Chiny.wav}}; {{langx|wa|Tchini}}) is a [[City status in Belgium|city]] and [[Municipalities of Belgium|municipality]] of [[Wallonia]] located in the [[Luxembourg (Belgium)|province of Luxembourg]], [[Belgium]]. 

On 1 January 2018 the municipality, which covers {{convert|113.69|km2|2|abbr=on}}, had 5,175 inhabitants, giving a [[population density]] of 46 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>.

The municipality consists of the following [[deelgemeente|districts]]: Chiny, [[Izel, Wallonia|Izel]], [[Jamoigne]], [[Les Bulles]], Suxy, and [[Termes, Wallonia|Termes]].

==Geography==
[[File:Woods trail in Chiny (DSCF7131).jpg|thumb|Walking trail in Chiny]]
Chiny is located on the boundary between the geographical regions of the [[Gaume]] and the [[Ardennes]].

The name Chiny also refers historically to a former county, larger than the current municipality.

Other population centers include:
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* Frenois
* La Haïlleule
* La Mouline
* Moyen
* Pin
* Pont Charreau
* Prouvy
* Romponcelle
* Valansart
}}

==Coat of arms==
The French blazon reads: ''D’azur à trois poissons d’argent posés en fasce et surmontés d’une couronne d’or.''<ref>Lieve Viaene-Awouters et Ernest Warlop, Armoiries communales en Belgique, Communes wallonnes, bruxelloises et germanophones, t. 1 : Communes wallonnes A-L, Bruxelles, Dexia, 2002.</ref>

The municipality's [[Coat of arms|arms]] might in English [[Heraldry|heraldic]] language be described thus: Azure three fish fesswise in pale argent and in chief a crown Or.

==History of counts of Chiny==
{{main|Counts of Chiny}}
{{Quote box |width=23em |align=left |bgcolor=#B0D4DE
|title=Historical affiliations
|fontsize=85% |quote=<poem>{{flagicon image|Armoiries de Chiny.svg}} County of Chiny 980–1364
{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} [[Duchy of Luxembourg]] 1364–1795, part of:
   {{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Burgundian Netherlands]] 1443–1482
   {{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Habsburg Netherlands]] 1482–1556
   {{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Spanish Netherlands]] 1556–1714
   {{flagicon image|Austrian Low Countries Flag.svg}} [[Austrian Netherlands]] 1714–1794
{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[French First Republic|French Republic]] 1795–1804
{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[First French Empire|French Empire]] 1804–1815
{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]] 1815–1839
{{flag|Kingdom of Belgium}} 1839–present</poem>
}}
[[File:Chiny JPG01.jpg|thumb|upright|Saint Walpurga's church]]
The first dynasty ruled from 980 to 1384.

From 980, Arnoul of Burgundy-Granson, became the first Count of Chiny. By his marriage to Mathilde, daughter of Ricuin, Duke of Mosellane and Count of Ardennes, he acquired the dowry of his wife, a land of forests rich with game, crossed by a capricious river, the Semois.  His son Othon of Warcq, left his small fortress on the Meuse to site the Château de Chiny on a rocky spur overlooking the river. In the eleventh century, the Château was a formidable barrier in the region. The area that was ruled by the count was huge: 246 towns, 57 castles, 1412 villages.

The fourth Count, Louis II, loved hunting parties and held them in his huge game park starting in 1040. It was then that the legend relates that a young lord named Thibault, a descendant of the Counts of Champagne, secretly left his father's house to offer his services in the Ardennes forest near Chiny, where he established a hermitage and found a source of holy springs.  Louis II built a large shrine to the spring's healing powers. The shrine became famous, with many pilgrims who came to implore the grace of Saint-Thibault.  Later, monks from Calabria, Italy, founded a Monastery nearby at Orval.

Arnoul, a successor, regularly confronted Count [[Godfrey of Bouillon]], leader of the first Crusade and nephew of Queen Mathilde. They eventually became friends and Arnoul entrusted Godfrey both his sons, Otto and Louis, to take part in the first Crusade.  Returning from the Crusade, Otto, was in turn count of Chiny, but he found Orval falling in ruins.  The Calabrian monks left in 1108, and the Cistercians revived Orval.

Louis IV was the last count of the first dynasty. Having no son, he prepared Jeanne, his eldest daughter, as his successor. Louis IV marked his reign by the first postage stamp in the county.

In marrying Jeanne, Arnulf of [[County of Loon|Looz]] became the first Count of the second dynasty. He was notable as the builder of the fortress of Montmedy. Their son, Louis V held a tournament of chivalry in 1285 that was regarded as the finest in the Middle Ages, at the village de Chauvency-le-Château. Over 500 knights of Europe attended this tournament and were memorialized in song by the bard Jacques Bretel. Louis V enjoyed great notoriety as a result. He died in 1299. His heart, per his last wishes, was embalmed and buried in a lead box in front of the altar at Saint-Thibault, in the village of Suxy.

Thereafter, the Counts struggled to maintain their territory as wars and battles ensued. They were by turn, the vassals of the [[Duchy of Bar|Count of Bar]] and [[John of Bohemia|John the Blind]], King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg, all claiming the same lands. Seven Counts were named in less than thirty years. The father of Arnould Rumigny, last count of Chiny died of pneumonia a few months before the birth of his son. His young widow died in childbirth, and the son, Arnould, sold his lands rather than allow his malevolent uncle's offspring to inherit.  On 13 June 1364, the lands of Chiny were sold to Wenceslas, Duke of Luxembourg.

Later, in the 15th century, the Count de Faing was created and his Château was erected, which was later reconstructed and stands today.

== See also ==
* [[List of protected heritage sites in Chiny]]
* [[:fr:Liste des comtes de Chiny|List of counts of Chiny]] {{in lang|fr}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20191010173615/http://www.chiny.be/ Official web site of the municipality] {{in lang|fr}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Chiny
|N  = [[Herbeumont]], [[Neufchâteau, Luxembourg Province|Neufchâteau]]
|NE = [[Léglise]]
|E  = [[Tintigny]]
|S  = [[Florenville]]
|W  = [[Florenville]]
}}
{{Municipalities in Luxembourg}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chiny| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Wallonia]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)]]