View source for Charles Hibbert Tupper

{{Short description|Canadian politician and lawyer (1855–1927)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name             = Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper
| honorific-suffix = 
| image            = Hastings County Archives HC02558 (39093767670) (cropped).jpg
| imagesize        = 
| constituency_MP  = [[Pictou (federal electoral district)|Pictou]]
| parliament       = Canadian
| term_start       = 1882
| term_end         = 1896
| alongside        = [[John McDougald]]
| predecessor      = [[John McDougald]]<br />[[Robert Doull]]
| term_start2      = 1896
| term_end2        = 1904
| alongside2       = [[Adam Carr Bell]]
| successor2       = [[Edward Mortimer Macdonald]]
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1855|08|03}}
| birth_place      = [[Amherst, Nova Scotia|Amherst]], [[Nova Scotia]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1927|03|30|1855|08|03}}
| death_place      = [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], Canada
| nationality      = Canadian
| spouse           = Janet McDonald
| party            = [[Conservative Party of Canada (historical)|Conservative]]
| parents          = [[Charles Tupper]]<br />[[Frances Tupper|Frances Morse]]
| children         = 5
| residence        = [[City of Halifax|Halifax]], [[Ottawa]], [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]], [[Vancouver]]
| alma_mater       = [[McGill University]]<br />[[Harvard Law School]] (LLB)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/SirCharlesHibbertTupper-CanadianHistory.htm | title=Quebec History }}</ref>
| occupation       =
| profession       = [[Lawyer]], [[Politician]]
| cabinet          = Minister of Marine and Fisheries (1888–1894)<br />Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada (1894–1896)<br />Solicitor General of Canada (1896)
| committees       = 
| portfolio        = 
| religion         =
| signature        =
| website          =
| footnotes        =
}}
'''Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper''' {{postnominals|country=CAN|KCMG|PC}} (August 3, 1855 – March 30, 1927) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] [[lawyer]] and [[politician]].

==Family, early career==
Tupper was the second son of Sir [[Charles Tupper]], a [[physician]], leading Conservative politician, and Canadian [[diplomat]]. The elder Tupper served as [[premier]] of [[Nova Scotia]], was a [[Father of Confederation]], and served briefly as [[prime minister]] of Canada in 1896. The younger Tupper practised law in [[City of Halifax|Halifax, Nova Scotia]], after articling to learn the profession; at the time there was no formal legal education in [[Atlantic Canada]]. He formed a successful partnership with Wallace Graham, and the two invited the young [[Robert Borden]], a future prime minister who was one year older than Tupper, to join them in the late 1870s. A decade later, Borden became the firm's senior partner after Graham was appointed a judge and Tupper entered politics.

Tupper's younger brother [[William Johnston Tupper]] also became a Conservative politician.

==MP, Cabinet minister==
He was elected as a [[Conservative Party of Canada (historical)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|MP]] in 1882. He was appointed Minister of Marine and Fisheries by Sir [[John A. Macdonald]] in 1888, and kept that position in subsequent Conservative [[Canadian Cabinet|cabinets]] until 1894, under PMs Sir [[John Abbott]] and Sir [[John Sparrow David Thompson]].

He then became [[Minister of Justice (Canada)|Minister of Justice]] in the government of Sir [[Mackenzie Bowell]] and attempted, unsuccessfully, to resolve the [[Manitoba Schools Question]] by drafting a bill to restore [[Separate School]] education for [[Catholic]]s in [[Manitoba]]. Tupper resigned in January 1896 to protest Bowell's leadership, which had largely failed on this question, among others. He returned as [[Solicitor General of Canada]] in the short-lived government of his father, who became prime minister later in 1896, when Bowell stepped down. Tupper Sr. was defeated in the [[1896 Canadian federal election]], by Liberal [[Wilfrid Laurier]], who became prime minister. Tupper remained an [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|MP]] until his retirement from politics in 1904.

===Knighted===
In 1893, while minister of Marine and Fisheries, he was involved in the [[Bering Sea Arbitration]] between the [[United States]] and Canada as a representative of the British government, which at that time was responsible for Canadian foreign affairs. He was [[knight]]ed in recognition for this service, which produced a successful outcome for Canada.<ref name = advocate>{{Citation | last1 = McKinnon| first1 = Kaitlin|  title = Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper, K.C. | journal = The Advocate | volume = 68 | issue = January 2010 | pages = 94–96 | publisher = Vancouver Bar Association | location = Vancouver | date = January 2010 | url = http://the-advocate.ca | issn =0044-6416 }}</ref>

==Moves to British Columbia==
In 1897 he moved to [[Victoria, British Columbia]], and then moved to [[Vancouver]] in 1898, but continued as the Member of Parliament for [[Pictou, Nova Scotia]], where he was re-elected in 1900. From 1898 he practised law in Vancouver, where he served as a [[bencher]] of the [[Law Society of British Columbia]] and was elected Treasurer (chief elected officer) for 1924-25. He represented Japanese-Canadians in a series of cases opposing discriminatory practices of the provincial government.<ref name = advocate/> In 1923, he was involved in the creation of the short-lived [[Provincial Party of British Columbia]].

He died in Vancouver March 30, 1927, and was buried in nearby Burnaby, in Ocean View Burial Park.<ref>P. B. Waite, “TUPPER, Sir CHARLES HIBBERT,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 15, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed July 1, 2024</ref>

==Family==
In September 1879, Charles Hibbert Tupper married Janet McDonald, daughter of the Hon. [[James McDonald (Canadian politician)|James McDonald]], Chief Justice of Nova Scotia, and his wife, Jane. The couple had four sons and three daughters. The couple lived in Parkside, Vancouver, B.C. Her sister married her brother-in-law, Mr. W. J. Tupper. Another sister married the Rev. L. H. Jordan, B.D., of Chicago.

== Electoral history ==
{{1882 Canadian federal election/Pictou}}
{{1887 Canadian federal election/Pictou}}

{{CanElec1-by|18 June 1888|On Mr. Tupper being appointed Minister of Marine and Fisheries, 30 June 1888}}
{{CANelec|CA|Conservative (historical)|Charles Hibbert Tupper|acclaimed}}
{{end}}
{{1891 Canadian federal election/Pictou}}
{{1896 Canadian federal election/Pictou}}
{{1900 Canadian federal election/Pictou}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{DictCanbio|ID=7875}}
* {{Canadian Parliament links|ID=11563}}
* {{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Tupper, Charles|year=1889 |short=x |notaref=x}}

{{CA-Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General}}
{{CA-Ministers of Fisheries}}
{{CA-Solicitors General of Canada}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tupper, Charles Hibbert}}
[[Category:1855 births]]
[[Category:1927 deaths]]
[[Category:Canadian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:Children of prime ministers of Canada]]
[[Category:Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Nova Scotia]]
[[Category:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada]]
[[Category:Lawyers in Nova Scotia]]
[[Category:People of New England Planter descent]]
[[Category:People from Cumberland County, Nova Scotia]]
[[Category:Lawyers in British Columbia]]
[[Category:Younger sons of baronets]]
[[Category:Solicitors general of Canada]]
[[Category:Charles Tupper]]
[[Category:McGill University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Law School alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada]]