View source for Centerbe

{{Short description|Italian liquor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox beverage
| name         = Centerbe
| image        = Centerba.jpg
| type         = ''[[Amaro (liqueur)|Amaro]]''
| abv          = 75%
| proof        = 
| manufacturer = 
| distributor  = 
| origin       = [[Majella|Mount Majella]], Abruzzo, Italy
| introduced   = 1817
| discontinued = 
| colour       = 
| flavour      = 
| ingredients  = 
| variants     = 
| related      = 
| website      = 
}}

'''Centerbe''' ({{IPA|it|ˌtʃɛnˈtɛrbe|lang}}) or '''Centerba''' ([[Italian language|Italian]] for 'Hundred Herbs') is a [[liqueur]] made by [[Essential oil|aromatic herbs]] commonly found on [[Maiella|Mount Majella]].<ref name="Matthew Evans">{{Cite book|last=Evans|first=Matthew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ms2uSrPkaasC&dq=centerba+liquor&pg=PA100|title=Italy|date=2000|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-86450-022-6|page=100}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|editor-last=Auer|editor-first=Peter|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mBVF3O7me50C&q=centerba%2520liquor&pg=PA74|title=Style and Social Identities: Alternative Approaches to Linguistic Heterogeneity|date=2007
| volume= 18
|pages = 57–84
| chapter = 3. Style and stylization in the construction of identities in a card-playing club
| author-first = Anna | author-last = De Fina
| series= Language, power, and social process
|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-019081-6}}</ref>{{rp|74}} It is a typical [[Abruzzo|Abruzzese]] liquor in central Italy and is made on a base of 70% alcohol.<ref name="Matthew Evans"/><ref name="Oregon U">{{Cite web|url=http://food.oregonstate.edu/glossary/c/centerba.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718234633/http://food.oregonstate.edu/glossary/c/centerba.html|url-status=dead|title=College of Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University|archivedate=18 July 2011}}</ref> The liqueur comes in two strengths: strong and mild. The strong centerba is widely used as [[Apéritif and digestif|digestif after-meals]] and has antiseptic properties.<ref name="Dublin ctalogue">{{Cite book|author=Dublin international Exhibition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z_4GAAAAQAAJ&dq=centerba+liquor&pg=PA34|title=Official catalogue|date=1865|page = 34 #156}}</ref> It was originally manufactured by Beniamino Toro in [[Tocco da Casauria]] in 1817.<ref name="Dublin ctalogue"/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Simmonds|first=Peter Lund|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YksEAAAAQAAJ&dq=centerba+liquor&pg=PA40|title=The Technologist 
| volume= 6
|date=July–August 1865|pages= 35–45
| chapter= Italian Exhibits at the Dublin International Exhibition}}</ref>{{rp|40}}

It is usually made with 60 to 150 proof (30–75%) [[alcohol by volume]], and can be made by placing orange leaves, basil, chamomile, rosemary, sage, juniper, cloves, cinnamon, toasted coffee beans, saffron, mint, lemon leaves, mandarin leaves, thyme blossoms, and marjoram in a bottle.

"White Unsweetened Centerbe" is an ingredient in the forgotten (presumably French) ''Coup de Foudre'' ['Love Struck'] cocktail, included in the United Kingdom Bartenders Guild's '1700 Cocktails' (1934).  Verbatim, the recipe is: 1/3 White Unsweetened Centerbe', 1/3 Red Curaçao, 1/3 Coates Plymouth Gin. Serve with a small piece of candied orange peel.

There was a "green and unsweetened" version, as listed in the "Green Devil" cocktail recipe included in the book "Drinks Long and Short" (1925 - Nina Toye and A.H. Adair) also published in the UK. "A potent cocktail, very dry, warranted to wake up any party. Contrary to most cocktails no depression is felt when the effects wears off. This cocktail can be mixed or bottle for use. Four glasses of gin, three quarters of a glass of Noilly Prat Vermouth (Martini Rossi), half a glass of Centerbe, green and unsweetened. Ice and shake well. Serve so cold that the glasses are frosted."<ref>{{Cite web |title=1925 Drinks Long & Short by Nina Toye and A H Adair |url=https://euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz/1925-Drinks-Long-Short-by-Nina-Toye-and-A-H-Adair/14/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=euvs-vintage-cocktail-books.cld.bz}}{{pb}}The "Coup de Foudre" cocktail mentioned above can also be found in "Drinks Long and Short" (1925), page 29.</ref>    

"Unsweetened" suggests that, at that time, a strictly medicinal version of Centerbe was available, perhaps similar to the homemade recipe above without the sugar syrup. Alternatively, many of the 18th century sweet recipes are, to modern tastes, exceptionally sweet.  So perhaps standard Centerbe was routinely sweetened to make it palatable.  Bols and Grand Marnier both formerly made red curacaos.  Coates, then owners of Plymouth Gin, subsidised the publication of 1700, and in return became the gin brand named in almost all the recipes.

==See also==
{{Portal|Italy|Drink|Liquor}}
* [[Chartreuse (liqueur)|Chartreuse]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Italian liqueurs]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 1817]]
[[Category:Cuisine of Abruzzo]]
[[Category:Herbal liqueurs]]