View source for Catskill Mountain Railway

{{Short description|Railroad in New York (1882–1918)}}
{{For|the current heritage railroad|Catskill Mountain Railroad}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2025}}
{{refimprove|date = July 2020}}
{{maplink|from=Catskill Mountain Railway.map|frame=yes|frame-height=240}}
[[File:Catskill Mountain Railway 1885.jpg|thumb|Bond of the Catskill Mountain Railway from the 2nd July 1885]]
The '''Catskill Mountain Railway''' (CMRy) was a {{track gauge|3ft|lk=on}} [[Narrow gauge railways|narrow gauge]] railroad, {{convert|15.73|mi|km}} long, running from [[Catskill (town), New York|Catskill]] to [[Palenville]] in [[Greene County, New York|Greene County]], [[New York State|New York]].  Organized as the [[Catskill Mountain Railroad]] (CMRR) in 1880, it was built in 1881 and 1882.  The principals had interests in shipping on the Hudson and in hotels in the Catskill Mountains.

Unlike most railroads, the CMRR was built primarily for the purpose of transporting passengers and was intended to operate seasonally.  Most people using the line were summer tourists who travelled by steamboat from points along the [[Hudson River]].  Their final destinations were [[hotels]] and [[boarding houses]] located high in the [[Catskill Mountains]].  While the railroad served its purpose of bringing passengers closer to the mountain top resorts, it still left them with an arduous hour-long stage trip up the face of the  [[Catskill Escarpment]] (also known as the Wall of Manitou).  In 1885 a branch was built in [[Cairo, New York]], with the intent to carry bluestone, hay and fruit, and was run year round.  That same year, the CMRR was reorganized as the Catskill Mountain Railway.

== Competition ==

Competition soon arose, in the form of the Stony Clove & Catskill Mountain and the Kaaterskill railroad companies, both controlled by the [[Ulster and Delaware Railroad]]. These narrow gauge railroads brought passengers much closer to their final destinations, saving them the difficult stage trip CMRR patrons had. To counter the competition, the [[Otis Elevating Railway]] was formed, hiring the company of [[Elisha Otis]]'s sons<ref>"The Otis Elevating Railway",
''[[Scientific American]]'', Oct. 5, 1895; [https://www.catskillarchive.com/otis/sa-otis.htm reprinted by ''The Catskill Archive'']</ref> to build a cable railroad. This railroad was completed in 1892. {{convert|7000|ft|m}} in length, it raised passengers {{convert|1600|ft|m}} in 10 minutes - saving a one-hour stage ride.  At the summit, {{convert|1|mi|km|sing=on}} of track was laid to connect with the terminus of the Kaaterskill Railroad.

By 1897 connecting service on the Kaaterskill Railroad had become so bad, that a new railroad, the [[Catskill and Tannersville Railway]] was constructed to run from the Otis to Tannersville. This line paralleled the existing Katterskill{{Dubious|date=May 2011|reason=Slip of the pen??}} one as far as Tannersville. Hastily built, this line had curves as sharp as 20 degrees and a maximum speed of 7 miles per hour. Locally, it was affectionately known as the "Huckleberry" for the fruit which grew along its way.

During a 1904 reconstruction of the Otis, a switch was installed to connect with the C&T permitting through freight to operate from Catskill to Tannersville. Because of the slanted seats necessary on the Otis, passengers still had to change cars.

A great boon to the CMRR was the development of the shale brick in 1888 by the Elmira Shale Brick Company. By 1898, raw material mined on the Cairo branch for the Catskill Shale brick company comprised, by tonnage, 95% of the freight carried.

The last trains were run in 1918.

==Route==
[[File:Udmap.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Catskill Mountain RR's route is on the northeast edge of the Catskills region on the map]]
The train route ran from Cairo, southeast to Catskill and then Catskill Landing. Catskill provided a connection to the [[New York Central]]'s [[West Shore Railroad]] trains from [[Albany, New York|Albany]] to [[Weehawken, New Jersey]]. The Catskill Landing location provided a connection for boats across the [[Hudson River]] to [[Hudson, New York]]. Service between Cairo Junction and Palenville and Otis Summit on the C&T Railway was available in the summer months only.<ref>'Official Guide of the Railways, 1910, p. 290.</ref>

== Locomotives ==

{|class="wikitable"
!Number
!Name
!Builder
!Type
!Date
!Shop No.
!Notes
|-
|1
|''S. Sherwood Day''
|[[Dickson Manufacturing Company]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1882
|335
|
|-
|2
|''John T. Mann''
|[[Dickson Manufacturing Company]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1882
|336
|
|-
|3
|''Charles T. Van Santvoord''
|[[Dickson Manufacturing Company]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1885
|522
|Retired in 1911.
|-
|4
|''Charles L. Beach''
|[[Schenectady Locomotive Works]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1895
|4333
|Burned in 1908.  Boiler used on #2.
|-
|2nd #4
|''Charles L. Beach''
|[[American Locomotive Company|ALCO Schenectady]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1909
|46645
|Sold in 1920 to Oak Grove and Georgetown Railroad.
|-
|5
|''Alfred Van Santvoord''
|[[American Locomotive Company|ALCO Rogers]]
|{{whyte|4-4-0}}
|1912
|51126
|Sold in 1920 to Oak Grove and Georgetown Railroad.
|}

== Passenger Cars ==

{|class="wikitable"
!Number
!Builder
!Type
!Date
!Capacity
!Notes
|-
|1
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[baggage car]]
|1882
|12 tons
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|2
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[baggage car]]
|1882
|12 tons
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|3
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[baggage car]]
|1882
|12 tons
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|4
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[baggage car]]
|1882
|12 tons
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|5
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|50 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|6
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|44 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|7
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|44 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|8
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|44 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|9
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|52 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|10
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|52 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|11
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1882
|52 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|12
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|excursion car
|1882
|longitudinal bench seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|13
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|excursion car
|1882
|longitudinal bench seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|14
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|excursion car
|1882
|longitudinal bench seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|15
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1893
|46 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|-
|16
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[coach (rail)|coach]]
|1893
|46 seats
|Sold in 1920 to ''[[Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México]]''.
|}

== Freight Cars ==

{|class="wikitable"
!Number
!Builder
!Type
!Date<ref name=22Feet>Helmer (1970), p. 137.</ref>
!Capacity<ref name="22Feet"/>
!Notes<ref name="22Feet"/>
|-
|1
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|{{convert|12|ST|LT t|1}}
|{{convert|30|ft|m|2}} long.
|-
|2
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|3
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|4
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|5
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|6
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|7
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1882
|12 tons
|{{convert|31|ft|m|2}} long.
|-
|8
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1882
|12 tons
|31 feet long.
|-
|9
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[flatcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|31 feet long.
|-
|10
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1882
|12 tons
|31 feet long.
|-
|11
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[boxcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|30 feet long.
|-
|12
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[boxcar]]
|1882
|12 tons
|Converted to {{convert|24|ft|m|2|sing=on}} [[caboose]] by railroad.
|-
|13
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[boxcar]]
|1893
|12 tons
|24 feet long.
|-
|14
|[[American Car and Foundry|Jackson & Sharp]]
|[[boxcar]]
|1893
|12 tons
|24 feet long.
|-
|15
|Catskill Mountain Ry.
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1906 or 1907<ref name=Commission>{{cite book| title=Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners of the State of New York |publisher=New York State Legislature}} Various years.</ref><ref name=Poor>{{cite book| title= Poor's Manual of Railroads | url= https://archive.org/details/poorsmanualrail00poorgoog |author1=Poor, Henry V. |author2=Poor, Henry W. | year= 1895 |authorlink=Standard & Poor's |publisher= H.V. and H.W. Poor Co}} Various years.</ref>
|8 tons <ref name="22Feet"/>
|{{convert|22|ft|m|2}} long.  Built for [[Interchange (freight rail)|interchange]] with Otis Ry. and Catskill & Tannersville Ry.<ref name=Interchange>Helmer (1970), p. 83.</ref> 
|-
|16
|Catskill Mountain Ry.
|[[gondola (rail)|gondola]]
|1906 or 1907<ref name="Commission"/><ref name="Poor"/>
|8 tons <ref name="22Feet"/>
|22 feet long.  Built for interchange with Otis Ry. and Catskill & Tannersville Ry.<ref name="Interchange"/>
|-
|17
|Catskill Mountain Ry.
|[[boxcar]]
|1908 or 1909<ref name="Commission"/><ref name="Poor"/>
|8 tons <ref name="22Feet"/>
|22 feet long.  Built for interchange with Otis Ry. and Catskill & Tannersville Ry.<ref name="Interchange"/>
|-
|18
|Catskill Mountain Ry.
|[[boxcar]]
|1908 or 1909<ref name="Commission"/><ref name="Poor"/>
|8 tons <ref name="22Feet"/>
|22 feet long.  Built for interchange with Otis Ry. and Catskill & Tannersville Ry.<ref name="Interchange"/>
|}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721070145/http://trainweb.org/catskillmtn/Catskill_Mountain.htm/ Catskill Mountain Railway]

==References==
* {{cite book| title=Rip Van Winkle Railroads |author=Helmer, William F. |publisher=Howell-North Books |year=1970 |isbn=0-8310-7079-X}}

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Catskill Mountain  Railway}}
[[Category:Defunct New York (state) railroads]]
[[Category:3 ft gauge railways in the United States]]
[[Category:Narrow-gauge railroads in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Catskills]]
[[Category:Railway companies established in 1880]]
[[Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1918]]