View source for Canon EOS

{{short description|Autofocus system camera product line}}
{{good article}}
{{redirect|Canon Rebel|the 1990 35 mm SLR with a similar name|Canon EOS Rebel}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}

{{Infobox brand
| name = Canon EOS
| logo = Canon EOS.svg
| producttype = {{unbulleted list
  | [[System camera]] ([[Single-lens reflex camera|SLR]], [[Digital single-lens reflex camera|DSLR]], [[Mirrorless camera|MILC]])
  | [[Camera lens]]
  }}
| currentowner = [[Canon Inc.]]
| producedby = {{unbulleted list
  | [[Canon Inc.]]
  | [[Kodak]] (formerly)
  }}
| country = [[Japan]]
| introduced     = {{Start date and age|1987|03|02}}
| discontinued   = 
| related        = {{unbulleted list
  | [[Canon Cinema EOS]]
  | [[Canon Speedlite]]
  }}
| markets        = Worldwide
| previousowners = 
| trademarkregistrations = 
| ambassadors    = 
| tagline        = 
| website        = 
| module         = <!-- or: misc -->
| module1        = <!-- or: misc1 -->
| footnotes      =
| embed          = 
| logo_caption   = Logo
| logo_alt       = Canon EOS logo
| image          = Canon EOS R5 Mark II (front, no body cap).jpg
| caption        = Canon EOS R5 Mark II (2024)
| alt            = Canon EOS R5 Mark II (2024)
}}

'''Canon EOS''' ('''Electro-Optical System''') is a series of [[camera]]s with [[autofocus]] capabilities produced by [[Canon Inc.]] The brand was introduced in 1987 with the [[Canon EOS 650]], a [[single-lens reflex camera]]. Since then, EOS has become Canon's flagship series of [[System camera|interchangeable-lens camera]]s, with one or more new cameras released each year. All EOS cameras used [[135 film|35 mm]] or [[Advanced Photo System|APS]]-format [[photographic film|film]] until Canon introduced the [[Canon EOS D30|EOS D30]], the company's first in-house [[digital single-lens reflex camera]], in 2000. Since 2005, all newly announced EOS cameras have used digital [[image sensor]]s rather than film, with EOS [[mirrorless camera]]s entering the product line in 2012. Since 2020, all newly announced EOS cameras have been mirrorless systems.

EOS cameras are primarily characterized by boxy black camera bodies with curved horizontal grips; the design language has remained largely unchanged since the brand's inception. The EOS series previously competed primarily with [[Nikon]] SLR cameras and {{As of|2025|09|lc=true}} primarily competes with [[Sony]] mirrorless cameras.<ref>{{cite web |date=2025-09-26 |title=Mirrorless Shipments. Who Grew. Who Stalled. What It Means |url=https://ymcinema.com/2025/09/26/mirrorless-shipments-2021-2024-canon-sony-nikon/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251027113159/https://ymcinema.com/2025/09/26/mirrorless-shipments-2021-2024-canon-sony-nikon/ |archive-date=2025-10-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Y.M.Cinema Magazine}}</ref> The series was conceived as a camera system built around autofocus as a core feature. To that end, the EOS series was introduced alongside the electrically-driven and autofocus-centered [[Canon EF lens mount|EF lens mount]], which replaced the previous mechanically-driven and primarily manual-focus [[Canon FD lens mount|FD lens mount]]. The EF mount and its variants were the primary lens mounts for EOS cameras for decades, eventually being replaced by the [[Canon RF mount|RF lens mount]] in 2018, which was designed for mirrorless cameras and has now become the standard lens mount for the series.

As the EOS series has evolved over time, the products have received frequent naming system changes and concrete updates in components such as autofocus, exposure metering, and flash metering. The system has contributed to the popularity of autofocus cameras and the prevalence of video recording features in consumer cameras, and has been used by numerous professional photographers and cinematographers.

== Naming ==

The naming conventions used for Canon EOS cameras largely follow two general rules: the fewer digits in a camera's model number, the higher-end the camera's [[market segment]] (e.g. the [[Canon EOS 5D|EOS 5D]] is a more expensive and powerful camera than the [[Canon EOS 30D|EOS 30D]]); and the smaller the model number within a given number of digits, the more powerful the camera (e.g. the [[Canon EOS R1|EOS R1]] is considered higher-end than the [[Canon EOS R8|EOS R8]]).<ref name="naming">{{Cite web |last=Dale |first=Nick |title=List of Canon Camera Types and Names (Easily Explained in 2024!) |url=https://www.camerareviews.com/canon-camera-types-names/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250714054924/https://www.camerareviews.com/canon-camera-types-names/ |archive-date=2025-07-14 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=CameraReviews}}</ref> In addition, newer revisions of a given camera model are often given Mark designations, such as the [[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark III|EOS-1Ds Mark III]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moldrich |first=Curtis |date=2018-02-23 |title=Canon model numbers explained: A guide to Canon's odd DSLR camera naming system |url=https://www.expertreviews.co.uk/technology/printing-cameras/canon-model-numbers-explained-guide-canon-camera |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=Expert Reviews |language=en-GB}}</ref> For mid-range and entry-level EOS [[Digital single-lens reflex camera|DSLR]] cameras with two or more digits in the model number, the latter rule was different: the greater the model number within a given number of digits, the newer or higher-end the camera.<ref name="naming" /> These rules hold for most EOS cameras, with some major exceptions including the [[Canon EOS 100D|EOS 100D]], [[Canon EOS 200D|200D]], and [[Canon EOS 250D|250D]], which occupied a different market segment than the other three-digit DSLR models;<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Diallo |first1=Amadou |last2=Westlake |first2=Andrew |date=2013-07-26 |title=Canon EOS 100D/Rebel SL1 Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-100d-rebel-sl1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126092946/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-100d-rebel-sl1 |archive-date=2025-01-26 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> and all mirrorless cameras that utilized the [[Canon EF-M lens mount|EF-M lens mount]], which did not follow any consistent naming scheme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-29 |title=A Guide to Canon Mirrorless Cameras |url=https://www.parkcameras.com/blog/tips-and-inspiration/a-guide-to-canon-mirrorless-cameras_canon-29-08-2017-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719112041/https://www.parkcameras.com/blog/tips-and-inspiration/a-guide-to-canon-mirrorless-cameras_canon-29-08-2017-1 |archive-date=2025-07-19 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Park Cameras |location=UK}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EOS-5D vs EOS-M.JPG|thumb|The EOS 5D, a high-end digital single-lens reflex camera, and the entry-level mirrorless EOS M]]

EOS camera model names often include prefixes and suffixes that detail important aspects of a camera, both general and specific. For example, EOS cameras with the prefix or suffix ''D'' are digital SLRs, cameras with the prefix ''M'' are [[mirrorless camera]]s that utilize the [[Canon EF-M lens mount|EF-M mount]], and cameras with the prefix ''R'' are [[Canon RF lens mount|RF mount]] mirrorless cameras.<ref name="naming" /> Cameras modified for [[astrophotography]], such as the [[Canon EOS 60Da]], use the suffix ''a''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winston |first=Rudy |date=2019-11-05 |title=The EOS Ra - A New Astrophotography Camera |url=https://www.usa.canon.com/learning/training-articles/training-articles-list/the-eos-ra-a-new-astrophotography-camera |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250810111137/https://www.usa.canon.com/learning/training-articles/training-articles-list/the-eos-ra-a-new-astrophotography-camera |archive-date=2025-08-10 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Canon USA}}</ref> Some EOS cameras, such as the [[Canon EOS R5 C|EOS R5 C]], have used the suffix ''C'' to mark the inclusion of [[Canon Cinema EOS|Cinema EOS]] features or operating modes.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cheung |first=Will |date=2024-01-11 |title=Canon EOS R5 C review: the ultimate hybrid? |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-c-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250813194439/https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-c-review |archive-date=2025-08-13 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Camera World}}</ref> The ''V'' suffix, intended to mark [[Vlog|vlogging]]-oriented cameras, has been used for the [[Canon EOS R50 V|EOS R50 V]].<ref name=":5" />

Beginning with the [[Canon EOS 600|EOS 630/600]] film SLR, some EOS cameras have been marketed under different names in different parts of the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EOS 630 - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film131.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250911114955/https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film131.html |archive-date=2025-09-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=global.canon}}</ref> The most significant name changes occurred with the [[Canon EOS 1000|EOS 1000]], marketed as the '''EOS Rebel''' in North America; and the [[Canon EOS 500|EOS 500]], marketed as the '''EOS Kiss''' in Japan and the EOS Rebel XS in North America. Starting with these two cameras in their respective markets, the majority of entry-level EOS film and digital SLRs have used the EOS Rebel brand in North America and the EOS Kiss brand in Japan, with the actual camera specifications being identical to their global counterparts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is EOS Kiss? Photography terms explained |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/kiss.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251027155034/https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/kiss.html |archive-date=2025-10-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=EOS magazine |location=UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is an EOS Rebel? Photography terms explained |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/rebel.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331215630/https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/rebel.html |archive-date=2023-03-31 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=EOS magazine |location=UK}}</ref> This practice ceased with the introduction of the [[Canon EOS R50|EOS R50]], the first entry-level EOS camera since the introduction of the Kiss and Rebel names to use the same name in all markets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yamakawa |first=Akiyuki |date=8 February 2023 |title=さらば「EOS Kiss」 登場から30年でブランド終息へ 後継モデル「R50」登場 |trans-title=Farewell "EOS Kiss" to the end of the brand thirty years after its appearance. The successor model "R50" appeared |url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/2302/08/news192.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250611005950/https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/2302/08/news192.html |archive-date=2025-06-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=ITmedia NEWS |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Schneider |first=Jaron |date=2023-02-09 |title=Canon 'Kiss' Brand to Disappear, EOS M and 'Rebel' to Follow Suit |url=https://petapixel.com/2023/02/09/canon-kiss-brand-to-disappear-eos-m-and-rebel-to-follow-suit/ |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=PetaPixel}}</ref>

== Development ==

Canon first experimented with [[autofocus]] in 1985 with the [[Canon T80|T80]], a [[single-lens reflex camera]] that utilized [[135 film]]. The T80 featured Canon's existing [[Canon FD lens mount|FD lens mount]], designed for manual focus, with the addition of electrical contacts that allowed communication between the camera body and focusing motors within the attached lens.<ref>{{Cite web |title=T80 - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film115.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250701155808/https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film115.html |archive-date=2025-07-01 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=global.canon}}</ref> This system, wherein the lens focuses itself using information from the camera body, was promising enough for Canon to continue development on a more refined version, despite Canon's internal dissatisfaction with the T80's autofocus performance when compared to [[Nikon]] and [[Minolta]]'s autofocus cameras.<ref>{{Cite web |title=View by period - 1987-1991 - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/history/story07.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250806063057/https://global.canon/en/c-museum/history/story07.html |archive-date=2025-08-06 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=global.canon}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EF camera mount.jpg|thumb|The Canon EF lens mount, showing the lack of mechanical linkages; the electrical pins below the sensor are used to communicate with the mounted lens.]]

Shortly after the release of the T80, Canon's camera team made the decision to create a new lens mount using recent advances in microelectronics. Unlike the FD lens mount, which was designed for manual-focus cameras with focusing motors in the camera body, this new lens mount would be fully electronic and would only support lenses with internal motors. This would both improve autofocus performance and allow more flexibility in pairing lenses and camera bodies. In a retrospective interview, Canon camera developer Yasuo Suda stated that the team "felt that the future of next-generation cameras hinged on the development of a new, fully-electronic mount."<ref>{{cite web | title=The EOS System 30th Anniversary - Developers Look Back on the History of the EOS System | website=Canon Camera Museum | date=2017-03-29 | url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/history/eos30th-1.html | access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref>

== History ==

The EOS system was introduced in 1987 with the [[Canon EOS 650]], a [[single-lens reflex camera]] that utilized [[135 film|35&nbsp;mm film]]. The camera broke compatibility with the FD lens mount by fully removing all mechanical linkages between the moving parts in the lens and in the camera: the correct aperture and focus are determined by the camera body and transmitted electronically to the lens, which makes the required adjustments using internal motors. Canon named this new lens mount the [[Canon EF lens mount|EF mount]], short for "Electro-Focus". Alongside the bayonet-style lens mount, the EOS 650 featured a new focusing sensor and a microprocessor, and was paired with lenses with [[Ultrasonic motor|ultrasonic motors]]—the first instance of this technology being used for consumer photography.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Booth |first=Stephen |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_y-MDAAAAMBAJ |title=Popular Mechanics |publisher=Hearst Magazines |year=1987 |pages=14–16 |language=English}}</ref> According to [[Popular Mechanics]], the EOS 650 and the improved EOS 620 had the fastest autofocus performance of any camera available in the year they were released.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Booth |first=Stephen |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_euMDAAAAMBAJ |title=Popular Mechanics |publisher=Hearst Magazines |year=1987 |pages=28–30 |language=English}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EOS-1N.jpg|thumb|Canon EOS-1N high-end film autofocus camera (1994)]]
In 1989, Canon released the first EOS camera marketed to professionals, the [[EOS-1]]. The camera was intended to compete with the [[Nikon F4]] released one year prior. The EOS-1 was released in tandem with new professional-grade lenses for the EF mount and established the [[Canon EOS-1 (camera series)|EOS-1 series of cameras]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodwin |first=Ray |date=2020-03-27 |title=Canon EOS-1 Review - The Professional 1 |url=https://www.35mmc.com/27/03/2020/canon-eos-1-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307061104/https://www.35mmc.com/27/03/2020/canon-eos-1-review/ |archive-date=2021-03-07 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=35mmc |language=en-US}}</ref> In a 2019 interview, Canon principal engineer Toshio Matsumoto stated that "major principles for the EOS-1 series from the beginning have been durability, reliability, speed and control."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Britton |first=Barney |date=2019-11-11 |title=Canon EOS-1D X III interview: We speak to the 'father of the EOS-1' |url=https://www.dpreview.com/interviews/6888036612/canon-interview-eos-1d-x-mark-iii-2019 |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=DPReview}}</ref> The EOS-1 received two revisions, the [[Canon EOS-1N|EOS-1N]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=EOS-1N - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film173.html |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=global.canon}}</ref> and the [[Canon EOS-1V|EOS-1V]].<ref name=":6" /> The [[Canon EOS 1000|EOS 1000]] followed the EOS-1 in 1990; this became the EOS line's first successful budget SLR. The EOS 1000 was marketed as the EOS Rebel in North America, a name which continued to see use for the majority of entry-level Canon SLRs and DSLRs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=DeRuvo |first=James |date=2022-04-17 |title=Canon Rebel: A Guide to the Popular Beginner Camera Line |url=https://petapixel.com/canon-rebel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250704224943/https://petapixel.com/canon-rebel/ |archive-date=2025-07-04 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=PetaPixel |language=en}}</ref>

1992 saw the introduction of the [[Canon EOS 5|EOS 5]], a replacement for the EOS 10. This camera introduced Canon's [[#Eye-controlled focusing|Eye-Controlled Focus]] (ECF) system, which saw further adoption across other cameras in the EOS series at the time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Baskin |first=Dale |date=2017-05-11 |title=Looking back: Canon's eye-controlled focus |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/6531126959/looking-back-canons-eye-controlled-focus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612100417/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/6531126959/looking-back-canons-eye-controlled-focus |archive-date=2025-06-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> Four years later, Canon released the [[Canon EOS IX|EOS IX]], an [[Advanced Photo System|APS-format]] SLR.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EOS IX - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film191.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115221931/https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/film191.html |archive-date=2025-01-15 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=global.canon}}</ref> The EOS line of film cameras continued to be iterated upon until the release of the EOS 300X in 2004, which was the last film-based SLR designed by Canon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pastore |first=Mauro |date=2017-10-07 |title=Canon EOS 300x & 40mm f/2.8 STM Review - My Compact Camera |url=https://www.35mmc.com/07/10/2017/canon-eos-300x-40mm-f2-8-stm-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515002940/https://www.35mmc.com/07/10/2017/canon-eos-300x-40mm-f2-8-stm-review/ |archive-date=2025-05-15 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=35mmc |language=en-US}}</ref> The last EOS film SLR to end production was the aforementioned EOS-1V, which released in 2000; the camera was actively manufactured until 2018, though it continued to see official repair service until late 2025.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Demolder |first=Damien |date=2018-05-31 |title=Canon drops flagship EOS-1v film body and projects end date for repairs |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/6195788222/canon-drops-flagship-eos-1v-film-body-and-projects-end-date-for-repairs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812221907/https://www.dpreview.com/news/6195788222/canon-drops-flagship-eos-1v-film-body-and-projects-end-date-for-repairs |archive-date=2022-08-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>
=== Transition to digital ===
 	
Prior to designing their own [[digital single-lens reflex camera]]s, Canon worked with [[Kodak]] to produce digital cameras in the EOS line, starting with the [[Canon EOS DCS 3|EOS DCS 3]] in 1995. These cameras used a [[digital camera back]] with the image sensor and associated electronics designed and built by Kodak together with modified internals of the [[Canon EOS-1N|EOS-1N]] film SLR.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Jacoby |first=Jonathan |date=2023-10-03 |title=Kodak DCS: Why the Revolutionary Digital Camera System Failed to Catch On |url=https://petapixel.com/kodak-dcs-history/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009043859/https://petapixel.com/kodak-dcs-history/ |archive-date=2025-10-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=PetaPixel |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Eos 300d v sst.jpg|thumb|upright|Canon EOS 300D digital SLR with EF-S 18-55 mm f/3.5-5.6 lens (2003)]]

The first digital EOS SLR camera wholly designed and manufactured by Canon was the [[Canon EOS D30|EOS D30]], released in 2000. While the majority of Canon's existing SLR lineup utilized [[135 film|35 mm film]], which would equate to a digital sensor with dimensions of 36×24 millimeters, the EOS D30 instead utilized the smaller [[APS-C]] sensor format with a 1.6× [[crop factor]].<ref>{{cite web | title=EOS D30 | website=Canon Camera Museum | url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/dslr779.html | access-date=2025-11-20}}</ref> Canon's use of [[CMOS]] technology to fabricate the sensor helped drive costs down, and the camera's listed launch price of US$3000 made it more accessible to consumers than competing [[Charge-coupled device|CCD]]-sensor DSLRs from [[Nikon]] and Kodak.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Askey |first=Phil |date=2000-10-10 |title=Canon EOS-D30 Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canond30 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414031707/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canond30/ |archive-date=2025-04-14 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

In 2001, Canon followed up their entry into the DSLR market with the [[Canon EOS-1D|EOS-1D]], a successor to their EOS-1 series of flagship professional film cameras. The EOS-1D was designed using the film-based [[Canon EOS-1V|EOS-1V]] (released one year prior) as a base, and utilized an externally manufactured CCD sensor, as Canon's own [[active-pixel sensor]]s could not yet reach the readout speeds required for the camera's fast burst rate.<ref>{{cite web |last=Askey |first=Phil |date=2001-12-13 |title=Canon EOS-1D Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos1d/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612072615/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos1d/ |archive-date=2025-06-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> The sensor had a 1.3× crop factor (APS-H): larger than the APS-C sensor used in the D30, but smaller than [[Full-frame DSLR|full-frame]] 35&nbsp;mm.<ref>{{cite web | last=Cooke | first=Alex | title=The Strange Camera Format You've Never Heard Of | website=Fstoppers | date=2025-09-29 | url=https://fstoppers.com/historical/strange-camera-format-youve-never-heard-712221 | access-date=2025-11-20}}</ref> One year later, in 2002, Canon released the [[Canon EOS-1Ds|EOS-1Ds]], the company's first DSLR to utilize a full-frame CMOS sensor. The camera's sensor featured 11 [[Pixel|megapixels]] of effective resolution, much higher than competing cameras such as the [[Nikon D1|Nikon D1X]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Askey |first=Phil |date=2002-12-17 |title=Canon EOS-1Ds Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos1ds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231206183238/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos1ds/ |archive-date=2023-12-06 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

In order to produce more compact and lightweight lenses for digital cameras with [[APS-C]] sensors, Canon created the EF-S lens mount and introduced it in 2003 with the [[Canon EOS 300D|EOS 300D]]. EF-S lenses feature a smaller [[image circle]] and a shorter distance between the lens mount and image sensor than comparable EF lenses. The EOS 300D was Canon's first entry-level autofocus DSLR and one that competed against more expensive prosumer cameras due to sharing the same APS-C CMOS sensor as Canon's enthusiast-segment [[Canon EOS 10D|EOS 10D]]. The EOS 300D was the first Canon DSLR to use the Rebel brand in North America, being named the EOS Digital Rebel in those markets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Askey |first=Phil |date=2003-09-04 |title=Canon EOS 300D / Digital Rebel / Kiss Digital Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos300d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240906202851/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos300d/16 |archive-date=2024-09-06 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> When asked in 2024 what the most significant camera of the previous 25 years had been, Canon executive Go Tokura chose the EOS 300D.<ref>{{cite web |last=Butler |first=Richard |date=2024-04-24 |title=Most significant cameras and lenses of the last 25 years, according to the manufacturers |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5920981991/most-significant-cameras-and-lenses-of-the-last-25-years-according-to-the-manufacturers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602024007/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5920981991/most-significant-cameras-and-lenses-of-the-last-25-years-according-to-the-manufacturers |archive-date=2024-06-02 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EOS 5D Mark II with 50mm 1.4 edit1.jpg|thumb|upright|Canon EOS 5D Mark II digital SLR with EF 50 mm f/1.4 lens (2008)]]

In 2005 the [[Canon EOS 5D]] was announced. It offered a full-frame sensor comparable to that of the flagship [[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II|EOS-1Ds Mark II]] within a body only slightly larger than that of the enthusiast-segment crop-frame [[Canon EOS 20D|EOS 20D]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Topham |first=Michael |date=2019-03-12 |title=Second-hand classic: Canon EOS 5D Review |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/latest/photo-news/second-hand-classic-canon-eos-5d/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625042030/https://amateurphotographer.com/latest/photo-news/second-hand-classic-canon-eos-5d/ |archive-date=2025-06-25 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Amateur Photographer |language=en}}</ref> Canon continued to iterate on the EOS 5D in the following years. The [[Canon EOS 5D Mark II|EOS 5D Mark II]] was notable in that it was Canon's first EOS DSLR to offer video recording; it followed the [[Nikon D90]], which was the first ever video-capable DSLR.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wan |first1=Don |last2=Askey |first2=Phil |last3=Joinson |first3=Simon |last4=Westlake |first4=Andrew |last5=Butler |first5=Richard |date=2009-02-13 |title=Canon EOS 5D Mark II In-depth Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos5dmarkii/19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318103953/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canoneos5dmarkii/ |archive-date=2025-03-18 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> However, unlike the D90, the 5D Mark II supported [[1080p]] video recording. The ability to record high definition video led the 5D Mark II to find use in the cinema industry, both as a "crash camera" for action shots in films such as ''[[Iron Man 2]]'' and as an A-camera in television shows such as ''[[House (TV series)|House]]'' and ''[[Dexter (TV series)|Dexter]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-18 |title=How the Canon 5D Mark II Accidentally Created the Indie Film Revolution |url=https://fstoppers.com/historical/how-canon-5d-mark-ii-accidentally-created-indie-film-revolution-715575 |access-date=2025-11-19 |website=Fstoppers |language=en}}</ref> The final revision of the EOS 5D was the [[Canon EOS 5D Mark IV|EOS 5D Mark IV]], which released in 2016.<ref>{{cite web | last=Zhang | first=Michael | title=Canon's 5D DSLR Line is Dead: Report | website=PetaPixel | date=2020-07-20 | url=https://petapixel.com/2020/07/20/canons-5d-dslr-line-is-dead-report/ | access-date=2025-10-27}}</ref> Photographer [[Pete Souza]] used cameras in the EOS 5D series while working as the [[Chief Official White House Photographer]] for [[President of the United States]] [[Barack Obama]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Zhang |first=Michael |title=A Look Into White House Photographer Pete Souza's Camera Bag |website=PetaPixel |date=2020-04-04 |url=https://petapixel.com/2020/04/04/a-look-into-white-house-photographer-pete-souzas-camera-bag/ |access-date=2025-11-19}}</ref>

Later in 2005, Canon released the [[Canon EOS 20Da|EOS 20Da]], an EOS camera specially designed for [[astrophotography]]. This variant of the [[Canon EOS 20D|EOS 20D]] featured two major changes: a modified [[infrared]] blocking filter in front of the sensor that allows greater sensor response for [[Hydrogen-alpha|deep-red wavelengths]], and a [[live preview]] mode for the rear LCD to allow more precise star tracking than could be accomplished with the [[viewfinder]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-06-01 |title=Canon EOS 20Da for the rest of us |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/3466462628/canon20da |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204081806/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/3466462628/canon20da |archive-date=2023-12-04 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> In live preview mode, the camera's primary reflex mirror flips up into a locked position so that the primary image sensor is exposed directly to light, and the sensor continuously scans images to be viewed on the camera's integrated display. In single-lens reflex cameras, live preview allows numerous benefits such as exposure simulation and digital zoom for focus assistance. Live preview has since become nearly ubiquitous in interchangeable-lens camera models.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ginn |first=Dan |date=2019-08-13 |title=What is live view? How to make the most of this feature on your DSLR |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/photography/digital-cameras-what-is-live-view/ |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=Digital Trends |language=en-us}}</ref> Though the EOS 20Da was discontinued less than one year later without a direct successor planned, Canon eventually released one in the form of the [[Canon EOS 60Da]] seven years later.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EOS 60Da - Canon Camera Museum |url=https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/dslr810.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250512023222/https://global.canon/en/c-museum/product/dslr810.html |archive-date=2025-05-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=global.canon}}</ref>

After the release of the EOS 5D Mark II and its subsequent use in film and television, Canon expanded the EOS series to include [[digital movie camera]]s under the brand [[Canon Cinema EOS|Cinema EOS]]. The first camera in this line was the [[Canon EOS C300|EOS C300]], released in 2011.<ref>{{cite web | title=Celebrating 10 years of Canon Cinema EOS | website=Canon Europe | url=https://www.canon-europe.com/pro/stories/10-years-canon-cinema-eos/ | access-date=2025-12-01}}</ref>

Until 2012, Canon had continued to release revisions of both the crop-frame EOS-1D and full-frame EOS-1Ds flagship DSLRs. That year saw the merging of these two product lines in the form of the [[Canon EOS-1D X|EOS-1D X]], which combined the full-frame sensor size of the [[Canon EOS-1Ds Mark III|EOS-1Ds Mark III]] and the fast burst speed of the [[Canon EOS-1D Mark IV|EOS-1D Mark IV]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canon EOS 1D X review |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-1d-x/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811050447/https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-1d-x/ |archive-date=2025-08-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Amateur Photographer |language=en}}</ref> The release of this camera marked the end of Canon's APS-H DSLR camera line, as full-frame image sensors no longer held a significant readout speed disadvantage when compared to smaller image sensors and the increased resolution of newer sensors could overcome the decreased [[Telephoto lens|telephoto]] reach of the full-frame sensor format.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooke |first=Alex |date=2025-09-29 |title=The Strange Camera Format You've Never Heard Of |url=https://fstoppers.com/historical/strange-camera-format-youve-never-heard-712221 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251011164503/https://fstoppers.com/historical/strange-camera-format-youve-never-heard-712221 |archive-date=2025-10-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Fstoppers |language=en}}</ref> The EOS 1D X received two revisions, culminating with the [[Canon EOS-1D X Mark III|Mark III]], released in 2020.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Carey |last2=Butler |first2=Richard |date=2020-07-07 |title=Canon EOS-1D X Mark III review |url=https://dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-1-d-x-iii-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250303112410/https://dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-1-d-x-iii-review |archive-date=2025-03-03 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> Photographer [[Sebastião Salgado]] used an EOS 1D X camera during an expedition in the [[Amazon basin]].<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |title=Sebastião Salgado's Breathtaking Amazon Captures |url=https://www.canon-europe.com/view/amazon-breathtaking-captures/ |access-date=2025-11-19 |website=Canon Europe}}</ref>[[File:EOS M weiss mit EF-M 22mm.JPG|thumb|upright|The EOS M, Canon's first EOS mirrorless camera (2012)]]

Additionally, 2012 saw the release of the [[Canon EOS 650D|EOS 650D]], the first DSLR to feature a [[touchscreen]] interface<ref>{{cite web |last1=Diallo |first1=Amadou |last2=Westlake |first2=Andrew |date=2012-08-20 |title=Canon EOS 650D (Rebel T4i) Hands-on Preview: Digital Photography Review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/previews/canon-eos-650d-rebel-t4i/7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701172029/http://www.dpreview.com/previews/canon-eos-650d-rebel-t4i/7 |archive-date=2012-07-01 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=dpreview.com}}</ref> and the first Canon DSLR to feature continuous autofocus in both live view and video mode.<ref>{{cite web |last=Grunin |first=Lori |date=2013-03-28 |title=Canon EOS Rebel T4i review: Good dSLR choice, but only if you opt for top-end |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/canon-eos-rebel-t4i-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313020625/http://www.cnet.com/reviews/canon-eos-rebel-t4i-review/ |archive-date=13 March 2022 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=CNET }}</ref> Canon introduced the entry-level APS-C [[Canon EOS M|EOS M]] shortly after, a derivative of the 650D and the first EOS [[mirrorless camera]].<ref name="eos-m">{{cite web |last=Westlake |first=Andrew |date=2012-07-23 |title=Canon EOS M hands-on preview |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-m |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250823050036/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-m |archive-date=2025-08-23 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> Unlike DSLRs, which have optical viewfinders that use a mirror and prism system to show the view through the camera lens, mirrorless cameras tend to include an [[electronic viewfinder]] that works using the same principle as the live preview mode: the image seen through the viewfinder is scanned out directly by the image sensor.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-09 |title=Mirrorless Is Now the Epicenter of the Photography World and This Is the Little Camera That Started It All |url=https://fstoppers.com/film/mirrorless-now-epicenter-photography-world-and-little-camera-started-it-all-685550 |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=Fstoppers |language=en}}</ref> Through the elimination of the reflex mirror and optical viewfinder assembly, mirrorless cameras can thus be made smaller and lighter than comparable DSLRs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Grigonis |first=Hillary |date=2019-11-12 |title=What is a mirrorless camera, and what makes it different from a DSLR? |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/photography/what-is-a-mirrorless-camera/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250925053358/https://www.digitaltrends.com/photography/what-is-a-mirrorless-camera/ |archive-date=2025-09-25 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Trends}}</ref> The EOS M also introduced the [[Canon EF-M lens mount|EF-M lens mount]] to take advantage of the shorter [[flange focal distance]] that could be achieved via the removal of the mirror system. Existing EF and EF-S lenses could be mounted using a separately-sold adapter.<ref name="eos-m" />

Canon continued to release new DSLR camera models in the following years, alongside entry-level mirrorless cameras using the EF-M lens mount. The final EOS DSLR to be released was the midrange APS-C [[Canon EOS 850D|EOS 850D]], launched in 2020.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westlake |first=Andy |date=2025-02-12 |title=Canon EOS 850D / Rebel T8i review |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-850d-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250810191106/https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-850d-review/ |archive-date=2025-08-10 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Amateur Photographer}}</ref> One year later, Canon confirmed that they would no longer be releasing new digital SLR camera models as they pivoted fully to [[mirrorless camera|mirrorless]] technology.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-28 |title=「６０万円超」高級ミラーレス、大手３社が続々投入…想定超える予約も |trans-title="Over six hundred thousand yen" high-class mirrorless, major companies are introduced one after another |url=https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/economy/20211228-OYT1T50000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314003218/https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/economy/20211228-OYT1T50000/ |archive-date=2024-03-14 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=読売新聞オンライン |language=ja}}</ref> {{As of|October 2025}}, Canon continues to manufacture some EOS DSLR cameras, with the [[Canon EOS 2000D|EOS 2000D]] and [[Canon EOS 5D Mark IV|5D Mark IV]] absent from the company's list of discontinued products.<ref>{{cite web |title=生産を終了した商品 EOS |trans-title=Products that have ceased production EOS |url=https://personal.canon.jp/product/camera/eos/old-products |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251024110347/https://personal.canon.jp/product/camera/eos/old-products |archive-date=2025-10-24 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Canon(Japan) |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Transition to mirrorless ===
The most advanced camera that utilized the EF-M mount was the midrange APS-C [[Canon EOS M5]], which was released in 2016. The EOS M5 was Canon's first mirrorless camera to feature an integrated electronic viewfinder. It featured the same 24.1 megapixel sensor as its EOS DSLR equivalent, the [[Canon EOS 80D|EOS 80D]], and was claimed to provide image quality equal to or greater than that of the 80D. News outlets such as [[The Verge]] and [[CNET]] considered the EOS M5 to be Canon's first serious attempt at a mirrorless EOS camera.<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Kane |first=Sean |date=2016-09-15 |title=Canon finally gets serious about mirrorless with the new M5 |url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2016/9/15/12914966/canon-m5-mirrorless-camera-announced-price-specs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009043109/https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2016/9/15/12914966/canon-m5-mirrorless-camera-announced-price-specs |archive-date=2025-10-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=The Verge}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Grunin |first=Lori |date=2016-09-15 |title=Canon EOS M5 review: Canon EOS M5 may be the company's first competitive mirrorless camera |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/canon-eos-m5-preview/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250820200739/https://www.cnet.com/reviews/canon-eos-m5-preview/ |archive-date=2025-08-20 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=CNET}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EOS R.jpg|thumb|The Canon EOS R, the first full-frame mirrorless camera in the EOS series (2018)]]
By 2018, Canon was under significant pressure to release a [[Full-frame DSLR|full-frame]] mirrorless camera—Sony had released the [[Sony A7|Sony A7 and A7R]] five years prior.<ref name=":3">{{cite web |last=Alvarez |first=Edgar |date=2019-04-15 |title=A brief history of mirrorless cameras |url=https://www.engadget.com/2019-04-15-mirrorless-cameras-retrospective.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250814115017/https://www.engadget.com/2019-04-15-mirrorless-cameras-retrospective.html |archive-date=2025-08-14 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Engadget}}</ref> That year, Canon introduced the RF mount, a lens mount designed for full-frame mirrorless cameras. The RF mount retains the 54 mm inner diameter of the EF mount while increasing the number of connective electrical pins from 8 to 12 and reducing [[flange focal distance]] to 20 mm from the EF mount's 44 mm. These changes allow for more advanced and compact lens designs than could be achieved with the EF mount, though this comes at the cost of compatibility with EF mount lenses. To address this, Canon released an optic-free adapter for the RF mount that allows usage of EF and EF-S lenses, though the shorter flange focal distance of the EF-M mount meant that EF-M lenses could not be adapted for use with the RF system.<ref name=":4" />

The first RF mount camera was the [[Canon EOS R|EOS R]], Canon's first full-frame mirrorless camera. According to camera designer Hironori Oishi, Canon's goal with the EOS R was "to carry on the traditional parts of EOS but then bring in new innovation at the same time," which resulted in a camera with ergonomics similar to existing EOS DSLRs but with modified and simplified controls.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Richard |date=2018-10-21 |title=Greater freedom: Canon's engineers talk about the EOS R project |url=https://www.dpreview.com/interviews/1275771333/greater-freedom-canon-s-engineers-talk-about-the-eos-r-project |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=DPReview}}</ref> The camera garnered somewhat negative reception with ''Photography Life'' criticizing the camera's poor handling and lack of available lenses<ref>{{cite web |last=Barkay |first=Dvir |date=30 January 2024 |title=Canon EOS R Review |url=https://photographylife.com/reviews/canon-eos-r/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250620134256/https://photographylife.com/reviews/canon-eos-r/6 |archive-date=2025-06-20 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Photography Life}}</ref> and [[Digital Photography Review]] assessing the camera's specifications as being behind comparable mirrorless cameras from Sony and Nikon.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Rose |first=Carey |date=2018-11-19 |title=Canon EOS R review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605160636/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r |archive-date=5 June 2025 |access-date=2025-10-27 |work=DPReview }}</ref> A smaller and lighter derivative, the [[Canon EOS RP|EOS RP]], released in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last=Artaius |first=James |date=2021-10-14 |title=Canon EOS RP review |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-rp-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250820024423/https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-rp-review |archive-date=2025-08-20 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Camera World}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Carey |last2=Butler |first2=Richard |date=2019-04-02 |title=Canon EOS RP review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-rp-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419053812/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-rp-review |archive-date=2025-04-19 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

In 2020, Canon released the full-frame [[Canon EOS R5|EOS R5]] and [[Canon EOS R6|EOS R6]], mirrorless successors to the EOS 5D and EOS 6D series respectively.<ref>{{cite web |last=Butler |first=Richard |date=2020-07-13 |title=Canon EOS R5 vs. R6: What's the difference? |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/1603749381/canon-eos-r5-vs-r6-what-s-the-difference |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112230657/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/1603749381/canon-eos-r5-vs-r6-what-s-the-difference |archive-date=2023-01-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> Compared to the EOS R, both featured a new autofocus system, a new image processor, in-body image stabilization, and much greater shutter durability, among other improvements. In an interview, Oishi stated that the team "valued the handling and operability developed in the EOS 5D series, and aimed to design something that would feel natural to users" when designing the EOS R5.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Richards |first1=Matthew |last2=Taylor |first2=Ella |last3=Summersby |first3=Matthew |title=Designing the latest Canon tech |url=https://www.canon-europe.com/pro/stories/designing-latest-canon-tech/ |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250811231756/https://www.canon-europe.com/pro/stories/designing-latest-canon-tech/ |archive-date=2025-08-11 |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=Canon Europe |language=en-EU}}</ref> The R5 was received well by Digital Photography Review, who called the camera "one of the best cameras on the market."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Carey |date=2020-10-21 |title=Canon EOS R5 review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-review |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=DPReview}}</ref> Both cameras have received revisions, with the [[Canon EOS R5 Mark II|EOS R5 Mark II]] announced in 2024 (which resolved an overheating issue with the original camera)<ref>{{cite web |last=Dent |first=Steve |date=2024-07-17 |title=Canon EOS R5 II hands-on: Nifty eye-tracking autofocus and reduced overheating problems |url=https://www.engadget.com/canon-eos-r5-ii-hands-on-nifty-eye-tracking-autofocus-and-reduced-overheating-problems-100002588.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927201349/https://www.engadget.com/canon-eos-r5-ii-hands-on-nifty-eye-tracking-autofocus-and-reduced-overheating-problems-100002588.html |archive-date=2024-09-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Engadget}}</ref> and the [[Canon EOS R6 Mark II|EOS R6 Mark III]] announced in 2025.<ref>{{cite web | title=Canon Unveils New EOS R6 Mark III Hybrid Powerhouse Camera and Compact RF45mm F1.2 STM Lens | website=Canon U.S.A., Inc. | date=2025-11-06 | url=https://www.usa.canon.com/newsroom/2025/20251106-consumer | access-date=2025-12-01}}</ref>

[[File:Canon EOS R3.jpg|thumb|upright|The Canon EOS R3, a high-end full-frame mirrorless camera released in 2021]]
One year later, Canon released the [[Canon EOS R3|EOS R3]], a professional-grade full-frame camera with Canon's first [[stacked CMOS]] sensor in an EOS camera. Such sensors include signal processing circuitry and memory on the sensor die, greatly increasing image readout speeds and reducing the effects of [[rolling shutter]] when compared to conventional CMOS sensors.<ref>{{cite web | last=Fisher | first=Jim | title=What's the Difference Between CMOS, BSI CMOS, and Stacked CMOS? | website=PCMAG | date=2024-01-18 | url=https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/whats-the-difference-between-cmos-bsi-cmos-and-stacked-cmos | access-date=2025-11-30}}</ref> The R3 featured a vertical grip and large body similar to Canon's flagship EOS-1D Mark III DSLR released one year prior, but with a smaller and lighter body. The fast image readout speeds provided by the camera's sensor, along with other features such as its [[High-dynamic-range imaging|HDR]]-capable viewfinder and eye-controlled focus, led the EOS R3 to receive positive reviews for its wildlife and sports photography capabilities from [[PCMag]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Fisher |first=Jim |date=2022-01-12 |title=Canon EOS R3 Review |url=https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/canon-eos-r3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250823060237/https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/canon-eos-r3 |archive-date=2025-08-23 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=PCMag}}</ref>

In 2022, Canon released the first APS-C cameras to use the RF mount, the midrange [[Canon EOS R10|EOS R10]] and the enthusiast-grade [[Canon EOS R7|EOS R7]]. These served as successors to the EOS 850D and [[Canon EOS 7D Mark II|EOS 7D Mark II]] DSLRs respectively. Both cameras featured the same image processor and subject-detection autofocus system as Canon's high-end EOS mirrorless cameras such as the EOS R5 and R3. Compared to the cheaper EOS R10, the EOS R7 featured in-body image stabilization and weather sealing, though it lacked the EOS R10's in-body flash. Alongside these cameras, Canon introduced new "RF-S" lenses designed for APS-C RF mount cameras.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fisher |first=Jim |date=2022-08-16 |title=Canon EOS R7 Review |url=https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/canon-eos-r7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009044631/https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/canon-eos-r7 |archive-date=2025-10-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=PCMag |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Westlake |first=Andy |date=2025-01-27 |title=Canon EOS R10 full review - a great show with a restricted view |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-r10-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250730024814/https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-r10-review/ |archive-date=2025-07-30 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Amateur Photographer |language=en}}</ref> These lenses have a smaller image circle with APS-C sensor coverage, allowing them to be lighter and more compact, but utilize the same RF mount as existing RF lenses. Unlike EF-S lenses, which required an adapter to be used with EF mount cameras, RF-S lenses can be used on full-frame RF mount cameras; the camera body automatically crops the frame to only use an APS-C sized portion of the sensor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Artaius |first=James |date=2022-09-18 |title=Canon RF-S 18-150mm f/3.5-6.3 IS STM review |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/hands-on-canon-rf-s-18-150mm-f35-63-is-stm-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612171748/https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/hands-on-canon-rf-s-18-150mm-f35-63-is-stm-review |archive-date=2025-06-12 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Camera World |language=en}}</ref>

Until this point, Canon had supported both the EOS M system and the EOS R system of mirrorless cameras; however, with the release of the entry-level RF mount [[Canon EOS R50|EOS R50]] and [[Canon EOS R100|R100]] mirrorless cameras in 2023, Canon officially discontinued the EOS M system camera models and lenses.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schneider |first=Jaron |date=2023-10-19 |title=Canon Finally Discontinues the EOS M Camera System |url=https://petapixel.com/2023/10/19/canon-finally-discontinues-the-eos-m-camera-system/ |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=PetaPixel |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-01 |title=Canon EOS R50 in-depth review: a compact quirky genius |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-r50-review/ |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=Amateur Photographer |language=en}}</ref>

In 2024, Canon released its first flagship mirrorless camera, the full-frame [[Canon EOS R1|EOS R1]]. Targeted towards sports photography, the EOS R1 featured many improvements over the EOS R3: faster image readout speeds, improved image stabilization and eye-tracking autofocus, raw video recording, a supplementary processor to further improve autofocus subject tracking, and improved durability. The EOS R1 received critical acclaim from photography reviewers such as [[Digital Camera World]] and [[Amateur Photographer]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Artaius |first=James |date=2024-07-17 |title=Canon EOS R1 review: the sports camera king is back to reclaim its throne |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-r1-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009043135/https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/reviews/canon-eos-r1-review |archive-date=2025-10-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Camera World |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Malcolm |first=Christopher |date=2024-12-17 |title=Our in Depth Review of the Canon EOS R1 Flagship Camera |url=https://fstoppers.com/reviews/our-depth-review-canon-eos-r1-flagship-camera-687367 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250915205115/https://fstoppers.com/reviews/our-depth-review-canon-eos-r1-flagship-camera-687367 |archive-date=2025-09-15 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Fstoppers |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Westlake |first=Andy |date=2025-07-11 |title=high-speed super-heavyweight |url=https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-r1-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709125713/https://amateurphotographer.com/review/canon-eos-r1-review/ |archive-date=2025-07-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Amateur Photographer}}</ref> One year later, Canon released the [[Canon EOS R50 V|EOS R50 V]], a vlogging-focused variant of the EOS R50 and the first EOS V series camera. The EOS R50 V omits the electronic viewfinder and built-in flash of the EOS R50 and gains improved connectivity and video recording capabilities.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Drake |first=Jordan |date=2025-04-12 |title=Canon EOS R50 V Review: Canon's Competitive Creator Cam |url=https://petapixel.com/2025/04/12/canon-eos-r50-v-review-canons-competitive-creator-cam/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913170727/https://petapixel.com/2025/04/12/canon-eos-r50-v-review-canons-competitive-creator-cam/ |archive-date=2025-09-13 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=PetaPixel |language=en}}</ref>

== Autofocus ==
All Canon EOS cameras are [[autofocus]]-capable. The first EOS camera, the [[Canon EOS 650|EOS 650]], contained Canon's first implementation of [[phase-detection autofocus]] in a single-lens reflex camera.<ref name="loop">{{cite web |date=2011-10-14 |title=Busted! The Myth of Open-loop Phase-detection Autofocus |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5402438893/busted-the-myth-of-open-loop-phase-detection-autofocus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310173356/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5402438893/busted-the-myth-of-open-loop-phase-detection-autofocus |archive-date=2024-03-10 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref> In phase-detection systems, incoming light from the camera lens is split into two beams by the primary mirror; one travels towards the [[viewfinder]], and another travels to a digital [[image sensor]] with one or more sensitive areas. The data collected by the sensor is processed to determine how far the [[Focus (optics)|focal point]] must be moved, and in what direction, to achieve correct focus.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mansurov |first=Nasim |date=2012-07-11 |title=How Phase Detection Autofocus Works |url=https://photographylife.com/how-phase-detection-autofocus-works |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250427153741/https://photographylife.com/how-phase-detection-autofocus-works |archive-date=2025-04-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Photography Life}}</ref> The EOS 650's autofocus system only contained one horizontally-oriented autofocus point; future EOS cameras contained more points with other orientations.<ref name="loop"></ref> Before the replacement of traditional phase-detection autofocus in the EOS series, top-line EOS cameras had either 61 or 65 user-selectable autofocus points.<ref>{{cite web |date=2025-06-10 |title=Focusing basics |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/camera-feature/focusing-areas.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251027160413/https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/camera-feature/focusing-areas.html |archive-date=2025-10-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=EOS magazine}}</ref>

The addition of [[live preview]] and [[video]] recording to the series created new challenges. As both features require the primary mirror of the camera to be folded such that the image sensor is always exposed to light from the lens, the secondary image sensor used for phase detection receives no light and cannot be used to achieve focus. To resolve this issue, Canon introduced a [[contrast-detection autofocus]] system—wherein the primary image sensor utilizes the [[hill climbing]] method to find the focus distance with peak contrast and thus correct focus—specifically for these modes.<ref name="exfocus">{{cite web |title=How DSLR cameras work: Autofocus Systems |url=https://exclusivearchitecture.com/03-technical-articles-DSLR-03-autofocus-systems.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311105946/https://exclusivearchitecture.com/03-technical-articles-DSLR-03-autofocus-systems.html |archive-date=2025-03-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=ƎXCLUSIVE ARCHITECTURE}}</ref> This was later refined with the introduction of Canon's proprietary Hybrid CMOS AF system, which utilized phase-detection pixels within the primary image sensor to perform coarse focus-finding, followed by contrast detection hill-climbing to refine focus.<ref>{{cite web | title=Canon develops new Dual Pixel CMOS AF technology for significantly improved autofocus performance during Live View shooting and when shooting movies | website=Canon Global | date=2013-07-02 | url=https://global.canon/en/news/2013/jul02e.html | access-date=2025-11-22}}</ref> In both cases, secondary-sensor phase-detection was still used for viewfinder-based still photography. Subsequent iterations of Hybrid CMOS AF increased frame coverage and focus accuracy.<ref name="exfocus"></ref>

With the [[Canon EOS 70D|EOS 70D]], Canon integrated phase-detection autofocus into the primary sensor with the proprietary [[Canon Dual Pixel CMOS AF|Dual Pixel CMOS AF]] system. In this system, each pixel in the focus area on the primary sensor is split into two [[photodiodes]] that can be read independently for autofocus and simultaneously for capture, which allows high autofocus frame coverage with no penalty to image quality.<ref>{{cite web |last=James |first=Andrew |date=2021-09-07 |title=What is Dual pixel AF and why is it important? |url=https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/features/what-is-dual-pixel-af-and-why-is-it-important |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718101905/https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/features/what-is-dual-pixel-af-and-why-is-it-important |archive-date=2025-07-18 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Digital Camera World}}</ref> The introduction of DPAF brought autofocus performance during live preview and video mode in line with secondary-sensor phase detection autofocus methods and provided a robust autofocus method for Canon's then-emerging EOS [[mirrorless camera]]s. Dual Pixel CMOS AF II, introduced with the mirrorless [[Canon EOS R5|EOS R5]] and [[Canon EOS R6|R6]], increased autofocus frame coverage from 80% to nearly 100%.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Carey |date=2020-10-21 |title=Canon EOS R5 review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008002232/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-review |archive-date=2025-10-08 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

===Eye-controlled focusing===

Through the [[Eye tracking|tracking of eyeball movements]], EOS cameras equipped with eye-controlled focusing (ECF) are able to select the desired autofocus point in the scene based on where the user is looking in the viewfinder frame. ECF is especially useful in sports photography where the subject may shift its position in the frame rapidly.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Carey |date=2021-09-16 |title=Is the Canon EOS R3's Eye Control AF good enough for sports shooting? |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/6931257631/is-the-canon-eos-r3-s-eye-control-af-good-enough-for-sports-shooting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251009042704/https://www.dpreview.com/articles/6931257631/is-the-canon-eos-r3-s-eye-control-af-good-enough-for-sports-shooting |archive-date=2025-10-09 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

The [[Canon EOS 5/A2/A2e|EOS 5]], [[Canon EOS 50|EOS 50E]], EOS IXe, [[Canon EOS-3|EOS-3]], and [[Canon EOS 30|EOS 30]] film SLRs all featured an ECF system. The [[Canon EOS 30V|EOS 30V]] was the last EOS SLR to have the feature. Due to issues with accuracy and usability, Canon did not continue development of its eye-controlled focusing system for EOS digital SLRs. However, the feature eventually returned with the release of the mirrorless [[Canon EOS R3|EOS R3]] in 2021, where the camera's increased autofocus frame coverage and ability to show the eye's focus point on the electronic viewfinder made the feature viable to include.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EOS R3: Revamped eye control AF that transcends the ages – Focusing on what you're following |url=https://global.canon/en/quality/story/2021-eye-control-af.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811113930/https://global.canon/en/quality/story/2021-eye-control-af.html |archive-date=2025-08-11 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Canon Global |language=en}}</ref> Canon has continued to add this functionality to new high-end EOS cameras such as the [[Canon EOS R1|EOS R1]] and [[Canon EOS R5 Mark II|R5 Mark II]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Butler |first=Richard |date=2024-09-12 |title=Canon EOS R5 II in-depth review |url=https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-mark-ii-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250916155615/https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/canon-eos-r5-mark-ii-review |archive-date=2025-09-16 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=DPReview}}</ref>

==Flash system==
{{main article|Canon EOS flash system}}

[[File:Canon 550EX.jpg|thumb|upright|A [[Speedlite 550EX]], an early E-TTL flash from 1998]]

When initially released, EOS cameras supported two [[Flash (photography)|flash]] metering systems, named TTL (for [[Through-the-lens metering|through-the-lens]]) and A-TTL (Advanced TTL). The former fires the primary flash only as long as is required to achieve sufficient exposure as determined by flash sensors inside the camera's body,<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is TTL? Photography terms explained |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/ttl.html |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=www.eos-magazine.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> while the latter utilizes an additional low-power flash to aid in adjusting the camera's aperture for proper exposure. All EOS film cameras supported A-TTL metering.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=What is A-TTL? Photography terms explained |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/a-ttl.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130142355/https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/a-ttl.html |archive-date=2024-11-30 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=www.eos-magazine.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> A new metering system named E-TTL (Evaluative TTL) was introduced in 1995; this system allowed correct exposure to be achieved without requiring active monitoring of the flash's output. E-TTL II, which was an enhancement in the camera's [[firmware]] only, replaced E-TTL from 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is E-TTL? Photography terms explained |url=https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/e-ttl.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251027161241/https://www.eos-magazine.com/articles/eospedia/what-is/e-ttl.html |archive-date=2025-10-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=www.eos-magazine.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>

[[Canon Speedlite]]-brand flashes have evolved alongside the cameras. The EZ series of Speedlite models, which was introduced alongside the first EOS cameras, supported both TTL and A-TTL metering;<ref name=":2" /> the release of E-TTL metering on EOS cameras prompted the release of the E-TTL compatible Speedlite EX series.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Molenaar |first=Edwin |date=2018-09-19 |title=Canon Flash: Speedlite compatibility EZ vs. EX |url=https://vintagelens.nl/2018/09/canon-flash-speedlite-compatibility-ez-vs-ex/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251027161620/https://vintagelens.nl/2018/09/canon-flash-speedlite-compatibility-ez-vs-ex/?v=0b3b97fa6688 |archive-date=2025-10-27 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=Vintagelens |language=en-US}}</ref> Canon also produces Speedlite accessories, including the OC-E3 Off-Camera Shoe Cord,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carnathan |first=Bryan |title=Canon EOS Dedicated TTL Off-Camera Shoe Cord OC-E3 Review |url=https://www.the-digital-picture.com/Reviews/Canon-Off-Camera-Shoe-Cord-OC-E3-Review.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250904023440/https://www.the-digital-picture.com/Reviews/Canon-Off-Camera-Shoe-Cord-OC-E3-Review.aspx |archive-date=2025-09-04 |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=The-Digital-Picture.com |language=en}}</ref> which can be used to hand-hold the flash while allowing the camera to control it through the cord.

==See also==
* [[Canon Cinema EOS]], a series of EOS cameras designed primarily for video production
* [[List of Canon products]]
* [[Sony α]]
* [[Lumix|Panasonic Lumix]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.canoneos.com/ EOS Camera Systems homepage at Canon.com]
* [https://shop.canon.com.sg/pub/media/wysiwyg/pdf/Canon%20EF%20Lens%20Catalogue%202018.pdf Canon EF Lens Catalogue 2018]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161203232828/http://www.bobatkins.com/photography/eosfaq/ The Canon EOS FAQs]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051031043733/http://photonotes.org/articles/eos-flash/ Flash Photography with Canon EOS Cameras – Part 1] – [https://web.archive.org/web/20161224232014/http://photonotes.org/articles/eos-flash/index2.html Part 2] – [https://web.archive.org/web/20160105133525/http://photonotes.org/articles/eos-flash/index3.html Part 3]
* [https://www.eos-magazine.com EOS magazine]
* [http://global.canon/en/c-museum/index.html Canon Camera Museum]
{{Canon EOS film cameras|state=collapsed}}{{Canon EOS digital cameras|state=collapsed}}

{{Canon EOS mirrorless cameras|state=collapsed}}{{Canon}}

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