View source for Canadair CT-114 Tutor

{{Short description|Military training aircraft}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=November 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox aircraft
  |name= CT-114/CL-41 Tutor
  |image= File:Canadair CT-114 Tutor (CL-41A), Canada - Air Force AN0223592.jpg
  |caption=A CT-114 from [[2CFFTS]], [[Royal Canadian Air Force|RCAF]]
  |type= [[Trainer (aircraft)|Trainer]], [[Ground-attack aircraft]]
  |national_origin= Canada
  |manufacturer= [[Canadair]]
  |designer=
  |first_flight= 13 January 1960
  |introduction=
  |retired= 2000 as a trainer ([[Canadian Armed Forces]])
  |status= Small numbers currently in flying condition for testing and aerobatic demonstration
  |primary_user= [[Canadian Armed Forces]]
  |more_users= [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] <br /> [[Royal Malaysian Air Force]]
  |produced= 1963–1966
  |number_built= 212
  |variants=
}}

The '''Canadair CT-114 Tutor''' (company model '''CL-41''') is a [[jet trainer]] that was designed and produced by Canadian aircraft manufacturer [[Canadair]].  It served as the standard [[jet trainer]] of the [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] (RCAF), and later [[Canadian Armed Forces]], between the early 1960s and 2000.

Development commenced as a private venture by the company. On 13 January 1960, the prototype performed its [[maiden flight]]; a year and a half later, the Canadian Government placed a major order for the type. The RCAF would be the dominant user of the type, but a limited number were exported as well. Specifically, the CL-41G model, which was supplied to the [[Royal Malaysian Air Force]] (RMAF), served as a ground-attack aircraft up until its withdrawal.

The Tutor served as the Canadian Armed Forces primary jet trainer from the 1960s up until 2000, at which point it was finally retired from this role. It was replaced by a combination of the newer British-built [[BAE Systems Hawk|CT-155 Hawk]] and American-built [[Beechcraft T-6 Texan II|CT-156 Harvard II]] until the retirement of the Hawk fleet in 2024.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Choi |first=Wonwoo |date=2024-03-11 |title=Farewell CT-155: RCAF Retires Hawks, Halting Pilot Training Within Canada |url=https://theaviationist.com/2024/03/11/farewell-ct-155/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=The Aviationist |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-24 |title=A New Life for the CT-155 Hawk |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/maple-leaf/defence/2024/05/new-life-for-ct-155-hawk.html |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Canada.ca |publisher=National Defence}}</ref> While the majority of Tutors have been retired, a small number are still being used by the RCAF’s [[Snowbirds (aerobatic team)|Snowbirds]] aerobatics team.

==Development==
===Origins===
The beginnings of the CL-41 Tutor can be found in a decision by Canadian aircraft manufacturer [[Canadair]] to develop its own indigenous trainer aircraft as a private venture. The design was the product of the company’s in-house Preliminary Design department.<ref>Dishlevoy 2005, pp. 8–10.</ref><ref name = "norris 22"/> By August 1957, the basic configuration of the design had been completed, which was of a [[turbojet]]-powered, low-wing aircraft, complete with a [[tricycle landing gear|tricycle undercarriage]] and a side-by-side cockpit arrangement.<ref name = "upton"/> From the onset of development, the aircraft was intended to be a purpose-built trainer for providing elementary jet flight training, as well as additional training up to an advanced level.

Early on, despite a lack of official backing for the endeavour from the Canadian Government, the [[Royal Canadian Air Force]]'s (RCAF) Directorate of Training’s Jet Trainer Liaison Committee had closely engaged with Canadair; its involvement in the project had reportedly made a significant impact in the final design of the aircraft.<ref name = "upton"/> Both the Canadian Government and Canadair committed financing towards the production of a pair of flight-capable prototypes, as well as multiple static airframes. This early manufacturing activity was performed in a secretive fashion at the company’s Plant 4 facility, which housed Canadair’s Missiles & Systems division.<ref name = "upton">Upton, Bill. [https://www.cahs.ca/chapters/954-public/front-page-newsreel/798-tutor-prototype "CL-41 Prototype."] ''Canadian Aviation Historical Society'', Retrieved: 31 May 2019.</ref>

===Flight testing===
On 13 January 1960, the prototype performed its [[maiden flight]], flown by project pilot Ian MacTavish. Originally, the first flight has been scheduled to take place in early 1959, but had been delayed due to issues relating to engine development.<ref name = "upton"/> While the prototype was powered by a single [[Pratt & Whitney JT12|Pratt & Whitney JT12A-5]] turbojet engine, this would be substituted for by a [[General Electric J85]] powerplant for the subsequent production aircraft that followed.<ref name = "norris 223">Norris 1998, pp. 22–23.</ref> This change of engine had required no redesign as the fuselage had been developed to accommodate a wide range of engines without structural modification being necessary; in addition to the JT12A-5 and J85, the [[Armstrong-Siddeley Viper|Armstrong-Siddeley Viper ASV11]], the [[Continental Gabizo]], the [[Rolls-Royce RB108|Rolls-Royce RB.108]], and the [[Fairchild J83|Fairchild J83-R-1]] had been studied during the early stages of design work.<ref name = "upton"/>

During March 1960, an RCAF survey team performed a series of preliminary flight evaluations of the CL-41 prototype over the course of one week; prior to this, the team had evaluated various trainers from France, the United States, and the United Kingdom as well.<ref name = "upton"/> According to aviation historian Bill Upton, those who flew the prototype universally praised the aircraft for its favourable handling and performance. The prototypes were subject to an extensive regime of tests, some of which falling outside the traditional scope of such activities.<ref name = "upton"/>

==Design==
The CT-114 Tutor is a single-engine [[turbojet]]-powered trainer aircraft. It was purpose-designed for the training role, and possesses numerous favourable qualities, including a high level of reliability and favourable operating economics.<ref name = "norris 23"/> It is capable of a wide performance range, possessing a top speed at altitude of 795 km/h (429 kt) and a diving speed of 885 km/h (478 kt) against a relatively low [[Stall (fluid dynamics)#Speed|stalling speed]] of 71kt.<ref name = "norris 23">Norris 1998, p. 23.</ref> The Tutor is furnished with manual flight controls, which incorporate [[Trim tab|spring tab]]s. It is intentionally aerodynamically stable in flight, a factor which traditionally has aided in the training of fresh pilots unfamiliar with the demands of flight.<ref name = "norris 22"/>

The Tutor features a side-by-side cockpit. During standard operations, the observing instructor was seated on the right-hand side and the student pilot on the left. Normally, only the left-hand side featured full flight controls.<ref name = "norris 23"/> However, following experiences with the Snowbirds display team, a number of aircraft were reconfigured with extra controls so that they would be flyable from either position.<ref name = "norris 23"/> The cabin, which is fitted with a rear-hinged [[Aircraft canopy|canopy]] over both crew members, can be [[cabin pressurization|pressurized]] to a differential of 3 [[pound-force per square inch|psi]] (20 [[kilopascal|kPa]]), the equivalent to an altitude of about 2,000 m, for pilot comfort.{{Citation needed|date=July 2019}}

For aerial display purposes, the Tutor was readily capable of being fitted with a smoke generator, including a pair of under-fuselage pods to house the pressurized [[diesel fuel]] used; the use of red dye in the smoke was discontinued fairly quickly as it was found to be highly [[corrosion|corrosive]].<ref name = "norris 23"/> Various other modifications would also be made to display aircraft; these could be routinely installed and uninstalled as airframes would regularly be exchanged between display and training flights.<ref name = "norris 23"/>

==Operational history==
===Overview===
[[File:CFBMooseJaw01.JPG|thumb|right|CT-114 Tutor of [[2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School]] at [[CFB Moose Jaw]] in early 1982]]
[[File:CFBMooseJaw02.JPG|thumb|right|CT-114 Tutors belonging to 2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School parked on the ramp at CFB Moose Jaw, 1982]]

During September 1961, the Canadian government, having been impressed by the performance of the prototype and being keen to support local industry, placed a sizeable order for 190 examples of the production variant, referred to as the ''CL-41A'', on behalf of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Upon its adoption, the aircraft received the Canadian unified aircraft designation of ''CT-114 Tutor''. The majority of the type was stationed at [[CFB Moose Jaw]], Saskatchewan, in Western Canada; the Central Flying School at [[CFB Winnipeg]], Manitoba, also made heavy use of the Tutor.<ref name = "norris 22"/><ref name = "rcaf"/>

Serving as a primary trainer platform, the Tutor was used in this capacity for over thirty years. During 1976, the Canadian Armed Forces decided to have 113 of the remaining aircraft furnished with upgraded avionics and provisions for a pair of belly-mounted {{convert|41|USgal|L|0|abbr=on}} [[drop tank|external fuel tank]]s.{{Citation needed|date=November 2016}} By 1998, it was reported that around 120 examples of the type were still in regular service with the Canadian Armed Forces.<ref name = "norris 22">Norris 1998, p. 22.</ref> During 2000, the majority of Tutors were retired, with type being succeeded as the RCAF's principal training aircraft by a combination of the newer British-built [[BAE Systems Hawk|CT-155 Hawk]] and American-built [[Beechcraft T-6 Texan II|CT-156 Harvard II]] until 2024.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name = "rcaf"/> Since then, it has continued to be used in limited numbers by the service for both experimental (by the [[Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment]] (AETE) at [[CFB Cold Lake]], Alberta) and aerial display purposes. By 2019, there were 24 examples registered as in service with the RCAF.<ref name = "rcaf">[http://www.airforce.forces.gc.ca/en/aircraft-current/ct-114.page "CT-114 Tutor."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207065821/http://airforce.forces.gc.ca/en/aircraft-current/ct-114.page |date=7 December 2021 }} ''airforce.forces.gc.ca'', Retrieved: 31 May 2019.</ref>

===Aerobatics===
[[File:Snowbirds aircraft at an airshow.jpg|thumb|Snowbirds at an airshow]]
During 1967, a batch of ten Tutors were modified for use as a formation aerobatic aircraft by the RCAF (and later the unified [[Canadian Armed Forces]]) display team, the ''[[Golden Centennaires]]'' to celebrate Canada's centennial year. At the end of the 1967 season, the display team was disbanded, thus its aircraft returned to routine training duties. In 1971, a new formation team was formed at 2CFFTS (Two Canadian Armed Forces Flying Training School) at CFB Moose Jaw, and once again adopted the type. The following year, the name "[[Snowbirds (aerobatic team)|Snowbirds]]" was chosen for the team; during 1978, the team received squadron status as ''431 Air Demonstration Squadron''.<ref>{{cite web |title=431 Air Demonstration Squadron |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/official-military-history-lineages/lineages/list-flying-squadrons/431-squadron.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>

Since its formation, the Snowbirds display team has regularly performed at [[air show]]s and special events, including the annual [[flypast]] on [[Canada Day]] over the capital city, Ottawa.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bradshaw |first1=Stacey |title=Snowbirds to fly over the Canada Aviation Museum |url=https://www.wingsmagazine.com/snowbirds-to-fly-over-the-canada-aviation-museum-3048/ |website=Wings |date=29 June 2009 |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref> According to journalist Guy Norris, a defining trait of their aerobatics is the physically-demanding formation flights performed, as well as locally-developed manoeuvres such as the ‘Big Goose’. Unlike most display teams, the Snowbirds do not have a support aircraft; all spares and useful material could be carried by the aircraft themselves in storage areas located in the nose or the [[wing root]].<ref name = "norris 223"/>

Those Tutors used by the Snowbirds feature several modifications distinguishing them from standard examples; these include a [[Smoke screen#Smoke generators|smoke generating system]], a highly-recognisable paint scheme unique to the display team, and a highly-tuned engine for greater responsiveness during low-level flying.<ref name = "rcaf"/> Reportedly, display pilots would deliberately fly their aircraft using an above-average level of nose-down trim so that pushing the stick down would become unnecessary.<ref name = "norris 22"/> The Snowbirds' aircraft would regularly be cycled with standard training aircraft, allowing the team to operate airframes with comparatively low accumulated flight hours.<ref name = "norris 23"/>

===Overseas and proposed uses===
Canadair also developed an armament training and light attack variant, designated ''CL-41G''. This model was powered by an uprated engine and fitted with underwing [[hard point]]s, the latter of which allowed for the carriage of various external stores, including up to 4,000&nbsp;lb (1814&nbsp;kg) of weapons and drop tanks. During March 1966, the [[Royal Malaysian Air Force]] (RMAF) ordered a batch of twenty (serials ''M-22-01'' to ''M22-11'') examples of the CL-41G-5 ''Tebuan'' (which means ''[[Wasp]]'' in the [[Malay language]]) aircraft as [[counterinsurgency]] (COIN) aircraft. In 1967, the Tebuan entered service in [[Malaysia]]. The RMAF operated the type in excess of twenty years, the last Tebuan being withdrawn from service during June 1986, having been replaced by the [[Italy|Italian]] [[Aermacchi MB-339]]A.{{Citation needed|date=November 2016}} Following their retirement, the majority of the fleet was retained and placed into local storage for over a decade.<ref name = "norris 22"/>

[[File:Canadair CF-104 12822 RCAF with CL-41R (mfr H-93 via RJF) (17136018672).jpg|thumb|CL-41R with an RCAF CF-104]]

One other experimental variant was developed, designated ''CL-41R'', which was fitted with the nose of an [[Lockheed F-104 Starfighter|F-104 Starfighter]], as a proposed electronic systems trainer for future RCAF CF-104 pilots. A single airframe (''CF-LTX-X'') was constructed to demonstrate the concept, however, the R model did not attract any orders and thus never went into production.{{Citation needed|date=November 2016}}As of August 2019, the airframe was awaiting restoration at the [[Reynolds-Alberta Museum]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}

==Variants==
;CL-41
:Two prototypes, ''CF-LTW-X'' and ''CF-LTX-X'' used for company engineering and testing program
;CL-41A
:A total of 190 trainers produced for RCAF and CF use as the CT-114. A number were modified with smoke generating systems and other modifications for the ''Snowbirds'' aerobatic team
;CL-41G
:Unique version for the Royal Malayan Air Force (RMAF). A total of 20 ground-attack variants, known as the "Tebuan" in service with RMAF.
;CL-41R
:One conversion of ''CF-LTX-X'' with a [[Canadair CF-104 Starfighter|CF-104]] nose grafted on to demonstrate the use of CF-104/[[Lockheed F-104 Starfighter|F-104G]] radar and avionics; no production examples were built.

==Operators==
;{{CAN}}
* [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] (CT-114 Tutor)
** [[Golden Centennaires]] display team 1967
* [[Canadian Armed Forces]]
** [[2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School]] 1964–1999
** [[Snowbirds (aerobatic team)|431 Air Demonstration Squadron]] ("Snowbirds" display team) 1971–present
;{{MYS}}
* [[Royal Malaysian Air Force]] (CL-41G Tebuan)
** 6 Squadron 1967–1985
** 9 Squadron 1967–1985
** Training Division FTC 1966 or 1967– retired and replaced with A-4 PTM Skyhawks

==Aircraft on display==
[[File:Golden Centennaires Tutor.jpg|thumb|Tutor prototype on display at [[Portage la Prairie|Southport Aerospace]], [[Manitoba]], in [[Golden Centennaires]] livery]]
* CT-114000 - [[Portage la Prairie/Southport Airport]], [[Portage la Prairie, Manitoba]].<ref>https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ce2eac378733900016331b2/t/5ecc62f6ab61810adc2259c0/1590452987995/CT-114+Tutor+Serials_Complete_2020.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2025}}</ref>
* CT-114003 - [[Canadian Museum of Flight]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadianflight.org/content/canadair-ct-114-tutor|title=Canadair CT-114 Tutor|website=www.canadianflight.org}}</ref> [[Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)|Langley, British Columbia]].
* CT-114004 - [[Royal Aviation Museum of Western Canada]], [[Winnipeg, Manitoba]].<ref> {{cite web|date=2022-06-24|title=Canadair CL-114 Tutor RCAF #114004 - Royal Aviation Museum of Western Canada|url=https://royalaviationmuseum.com/aircraft/canadair-cl-114-tutor-rcaf-114004/|access-date=2024-01-26|website=royalaviationmuseum.com}}</ref>
* CT-114014 - Bagotville Cadet Training Center, [[CFB Bagotville]], [[La Baie|La Baie, Québec]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.journaldequebec.com/2009/08/01/un-nouvel-avion-pour-les-cadets|title=Un nouvel avion pour les cadets|language=fr|date=2009-08-01|access-date=2024-03-24|last=Rousseau|first=Jean-Philip|work=Le Journal de Québec|publisher=Québécor}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eurodemobbed.org.uk/locations.php?location=1026|website=EuroDemobbed|title=Bagotville, Quebec, Canada|access-date=2024-03-24}}</ref>
* CT-114015 - [[National Air Force Museum of Canada]], [[Quinte West, Ontario]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Tutor – National Air Force Museum of Canada|url=http://airforcemuseum.ca/eng/?page_id=620|access-date=2024-01-26}}</ref>
* CT-114021 - [[Western Development Museum]], [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Canadian Warplanes 6: Canadair CT-114 Tutor|url=https://www.silverhawkauthor.com/post/canadian-warplanes-6-canadair-ct-114-tutor|access-date=2024-01-26|website=www.silverhawkauthor.com}}</ref>
* CT-114036 - [[CFB Moose Jaw]], [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Canadian Warplanes (3) Saskatchewan, CFB Moose Jaw|url=https://www.silverhawkauthor.com/post/canadian-warplanes-3-saskatchewan-cfb-moose-jaw|access-date=2024-01-26|website=www.silverhawkauthor.com}}</ref>
* CT-114038 - [[Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum]], [[Mount Hope, Ontario]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Aircraft Details|url=https://www.warplane.com/aircraft/collection/details.aspx?aircraftid=8|access-date=2024-01-26|website=Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum}}</ref>
* CT-144075 - [[Shearwater Aviation Museum]], [[Shearwater, Nova Scotia]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Shearwater Aviation Museum - Ruud Leeuw|url=https://www.ruudleeuw.com/uscan11-shearwater.htm|access-date=2024-01-26|website=www.ruudleeuw.com}}</ref>
* CT-114076 - [[Reynolds Museum]], [[Wetaskiwin, Alberta]].<ref> {{cite web|last=Welch|first=Dave|title=Canadair CT-114 Tutor, 114076 / 1076, Reynolds Alberta Museum|url=https://abpic.co.uk/pictures/view/1373751#google_vignette|access-date=2024-01-26|website=abpic.co.uk}}</ref>
* CT-114078 - [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]].<ref> {{cite web|title=The Tutor Jet|url=https://www.tourismmoosejaw.com/the-tutor-jet|access-date=2024-01-26|website=Tourism Moose Jaw}}</ref>
* CT-114083 - [[Cold Lake, Alberta]].<ref> {{cite web|title=Canadian Warplanes 6: Canadair CT-114 Tutor|url=https://www.silverhawkauthor.com/post/canadian-warplanes-6-canadair-ct-114-tutor|access-date=2024-01-26|website=www.silverhawkauthor.com}}</ref>
* CT-114108 - [[Canada Aviation and Space Museum]], [[Ottawa, Ontario]].<ref> {{cite web|date=2016-07-03|title=Canadair CT-114 Tutor - Canada Aviation and Space Museum|url=http://casmuseum.techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/artifact-canadair-tutor.php|access-date=2024-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703222528/http://casmuseum.techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/artifact-canadair-tutor.php|archive-date=3 July 2016}}</ref>
* CT-114114 - [[Cold Lake Air Force Museum]], [[Cold Lake, Alberta]].<ref> {{cite web|date=2020-08-02|title=Air Force Museum - Cold Lake Museums|url=https://www.coldlakemuseums.org/about/air-force-museum/|access-date=2024-01-26|website=www.coldlakemuseums.org}}</ref>
* CT-114115 - Comox Visitor Information Centre, [[Comox, British Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://experiencecomoxvalley.ca/plan-your-visit/visitor-information-centre/|title=Canadair CT-114 Tutor – Comox Visitor Information Centre|website=experiencecomoxvalley.ca|access-date=2022-09-23}}</ref>
* CT-114153 - [[Base Borden Military Museum]], [[Borden, Ontario]].<ref>https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ce2eac378733900016331b2/t/5ecc62f6ab61810adc2259c0/1590452987995/CT-114+Tutor+Serials_Complete_2020.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2025}}</ref>
* CT-114168 - [[Canadian Air and Space Conservancy]], [[Edenvale, Ontario]].
* CT-114177 - [[Bomber Command Museum of Canada]], [[Nanton, Alberta]].<ref> {{cite web|date=2019-04-05|title=Canadair CT-114 Tutor|url=https://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/aircraft/canadair-ct-114-tutor/|access-date=2024-01-26|website=Bomber Command Museum of Canada}}</ref>
* CT-114187 - Millennium Park, [[Creston, British Columbia]].<ref name="Yates">{{cite web|url=https://www.crestonvalleyadvance.ca/news/snowbirds-fly-over-creston-to-honour-golden-centennaires-squadron-leader/|title=Snowbirds fly over Creston to honour Golden Centennaires squadron leader|access-date=2022-07-29|last=Yates|first=Kelsey|work=Creston Valley Advance|date=2022-07-27|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220729124105/https://www.crestonvalleyadvance.ca/news/snowbirds-fly-over-creston-to-honour-golden-centennaires-squadron-leader/|archive-date=2022-07-29|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Surviving aircraft==
[[File:Canadair Tutor Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment.jpg|thumb|Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment Canadair Tutor]]
[[File:CT-114 cockpit CWHM.jpg|thumb|CT-114 cockpit]]

Although the CL-41 Tutor has been retired from active training, 26 Tutors continue to fly with the Canadian Armed Forces ''Snowbirds'' and the Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment at [[CFB Cold Lake]] or are in short-term storage.<ref name="Official">{{cite web|url =http://www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/en/aircraft-current/ct-114.page|title =CT-114 Tutor |access-date = 23 May 2020|author=Canadian Armed Forces|author-link=Canadian Armed Forces|work = rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca|date = 29 July 2019}}</ref>

As of August 2011, there were three CL-41Gs and one CT-114 on the [[Aircraft registration|U.S. civil registry]], while none were so registered in Canada.<ref name="FAAReg">[http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=CL41&PageNo=1 "Make / Model Inquiry Results CL41."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917193400/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=CL41&PageNo=1 |date=17 September 2012 }} ''[[Federal Aviation Administration]],'' August 2011. Retrieved: 15 August 2011.</ref><ref name="FAAReg2">[http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=CT114&PageNo=1 "Make / Model Inquiry Results CT-114."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917193413/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=&Modeltxt=CT114&PageNo=1 |date=17 September 2012 }} ''[[Federal Aviation Administration]],'' August 2011. Retrieved: 15 August 2011.</ref><ref name="TCCAR">[http://wwwapps.tc.gc.ca/Saf-Sec-Sur/2/CCARCS-RIACC/Menu.aspx?lang=eng "Canadian Civil Aircraft Register: Canadair CT-114."] ''[[Transport Canada]],'' August 2011. Retrieved: 15 August 2011.</ref>

During 2001, a CL-41G was given to [[Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University]] in [[Daytona Beach, Florida]], by actor [[John Travolta]].<ref>Ross, Bob. [http://www.erau.edu/er/newsmedia/newsreleases/2001/travolta.html "John Travolta Donates Jet to Embry-Riddle."] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105220623/http://www.erau.edu/er/newsmedia/newsreleases/2001/travolta.html |date=January 5, 2008 }} ''Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University'', November 2001. Retrieved: 6 September 2009.</ref>

==Specifications (CL-41A – CT-114)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref= ''Macdonald Aircraft Handbook'',<ref>Green 1964, p. 470.</ref> ''Royal Canadian Air Force''<ref name = "rcaf"/>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=

|crew= 2
|capacity=
|length m=
|length ft= 32
|length in= 0
|span m=
|span ft= 36
|span in= 4
|height m=
|height ft= 9
|height in= 4+1/2
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=220
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb= 4840
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb= 7348
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight lb= 11000
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number= 1
|eng1 name= [[General Electric J85|Orenda J85-CAN-40]]
|eng1 type= [[turbojet]]
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf= 2650<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|power original=
|thrust original=
|more power=

<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph= 486
|max speed kts=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed kts=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|range km=
|range miles= 944
|range nmi=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft= 44500
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin= 4220
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->

|guns= 
|bombs= 
|rockets= 
|missiles= 
|hardpoints= 2
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=

|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Aviation|Canada}}
{{Aircontent
|related=
|similar aircraft=
* [[BAC Jet Provost]]
* [[Cessna T-37 Tweet]]
* [[de Havilland Vampire|de Havilland Vampire T.11]]
* [[Fouga CM.170 Magister]]
* [[HAL Kiran]]
* [[Macchi MB-326]]
* [[Saab 105]]
|lists=
* [[List of active Canadian military aircraft]]
* [[List of aircraft of Canada's air forces]]
|see also=

}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* Dishlevoy, Roy W. "Hatching the Snowbirds: The Canadair CL-41/CT-114 Tutor, Its Early History Remembered." ''CAHS Journal,'' Vol, 45, No. 1, Spring 2007.
* Green, William. ''Macdonald Aircraft Handbook''. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1964.
* Molson, Ken M. and Harold A. Taylor. ''Canadian Aircraft Since 1909''. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. {{ISBN|0-920002-11-0}}.
* Norris, Guy. [https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%203482.html “Rocky Mountain High.”] ‘’[[Flight International]]’’, 6 January 1998. pp.&nbsp;22–23.
* Pickler, Ron and Larry Milberry. ''Canadair: The First 50 Years''. Toronto: Canav Books, 1995. {{ISBN|0-921022-07-7}}.
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Canadair CL-41}}
*[http://www.airforce.forces.gc.ca/en/aircraft-current/ct-114.page Canadian Armed Forces Page on the CT-114 Tutor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207065821/http://airforce.forces.gc.ca/en/aircraft-current/ct-114.page |date=7 December 2021 }}
*[http://airspeed.libsyn.com/airspeed_snowbirds_ct_114_and_interview_with_no_3_pilot_maj_cory_blakely Audio coverage of the Snowbirds' CT-114s and an Interview with 2006 Season No. 3 Pilot Maj. Cory Blakely]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150610204236/http://aircraftart.purpleglen.com/images/CANADA/CANADAIR/CL41R.jpg Photo of CF-LTX-X the sole CL-41R built]

{{Canadair aircraft}}
{{CF aircraft}}
{{Aircraft manufactured in Canada}}

[[Category:1960s Canadian military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Canadair aircraft|CT-114]]
[[Category:Single-engined jet aircraft]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1960]]